Chronic Training Manual


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Lzkdxigl dlfft5 Rjltl dlfft tldxlrl pxkb|drt rjxk|mj b|drt& t|dj at `|d|t&

t}lar& kx bimltri~l lguy`lt'

Lgbkdxigl dlfft5 Rjltl dlfft axl ti ifax rk lzkdxigl dlfft& h|r tldxlrl rjlix

pxkb|drt bixldrfy igrk rjl hfkkbtrxla` igtrlab kn rjxk|mj a b|dr' Lgbkdxigl dlfft

axl nk|gb rjxk|mjk|r rjl hkby h|r axl dkgdlgrxarlb ig jkx`kgl-tldxlrigm mfagbt

t|dj at rjl pir|iraxy'

Hfkkb Dlfft5 Rjl `ktr dk``kg ryplt kn hfkkb dlfft axl5

Xlb hfkkb dlfft *lxyrjxkdyrlt)' Rjl `aig n|gdrikg kn xlb hfkkb dlfft it rk

dkffldr kzymlg ig rjl f|gmt agb blfi~lx ir rjxk|mj rjl hfkkb rk rjl hkby

ritt|lt'

]jirl hfkkb dlfft *fl|ckdyrlt) rjly axl pxkb|dlb ig rjl hkgl `axxk}

agb jlfp rjl hkby rk nimjr ignldrik|t bitlatl agb nkxlimg kheldrt ig rjl

i``|gl tytrl`' ]jirl dlfft axl nk|gb ig rjl dixd|farkxy tytrl`& fy`pjarid

tytrl`& tpfllg& agb krjlx hkby ritt|lt'

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Dlff|fax trx|dr|xl

5

Dlff @l`hxaglt

Rjl hk|gbaxy kn rjl dlff& tk`lri`lt dafflb rjl pfatà `l`hxagl& tlpaxarlt

igrlxgaf `lrahkfid l~lgrt nxk` rjl lzrlxgaf lg~ixkg`lgr agb dkgrxkft rjl

`k~l`lgr kn àrlxiaft igrk agb k|r kn rjl dlff' Rjl pfatà `l`hxagl it a

bk|hfl pjktpjkfipib `l`hxagl& kx a fipib hifaylx'

Dyrkpfat`

Rjl mlf-ficl àrlxiaf }irjig rjl dlff `l`hxagl it xlnlxxlb rk at rjl dyrkpfat`' Ir

it a nf|ib àrxiz& rjl dyrktkf& }jidj dkgtitrt kn :?, rk 9?, }arlx& tafrt& kxmagid

`kfld|flt agb àgy lguy`lt rjar darafyul xladrikgt& afkgm }irj bittkf~lb

t|htragdlt t|dj at pxkrligt agb g|rxilgrt' Rjl dyrkpfat` pfayt ag i`pkxragr

xkfl ig a dlff& tlx~igm at a (`kfld|fax tk|p( ig }jidj kxmaglfflt axl t|tplgblb

agb jlfb rkmlrjlx hy a narry `l`hxagl'

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Dyrktclflrkg5

Rjxlabficl pxkrligt rjar àcl |p rjl dyrktclflrkg dkgrig|affy xldkgtrx|dr rk

abapr rk rjl dlfft dkgtragrfy djagmigm gllbt' Ir jlfpt dlfft àigraig rjlix tjapl

agb affk}t dlfft agb rjlix dkgrlgrt rk `k~l'

G|dfl|t

Dkgrxkft rjl dlff3 jk|tlt rjl mlglrid àrlxiaf *BGA)' Rjl g|dfl|t it rjl faxmltr

kn rjl dlfft kxmaglfflt' Dlfft dag ja~l `kxl rjag kgl g|dfl|t kx fadc a g|dfl|t

aff rkmlrjlx' Tclflraf `|tdfl dlfft dkgraig `kxl rjag kgl g|dfl|t }jlxlat xlb

hfkkb dlfft bk gkr dkgraig a g|dfl|t ar aff'

Rjl g|dfl|t dkgraigt rjl BGA& at `lgrikglb ahk~l& rjl jlxlbiraxy ignkxàrikg

ig rjl dlff' Gkxàffy rjl BGA it tpxlab k|r }irjig rjl g|dfl|t at a rjxlabficl

àrxiz dafflb djxkàrig' ]jlg rjl dlff hlmigt rk bi~ibl& rjl djxkàrig dkgblgtlt

igrk xkb-tjaplb hkbilt dafflb djxk`ktk`lt& ladj kn }jidj& hlnkxl bi~ibigm& it

àbl |p kn r}k fkgm BGA `kfld|flt agb ~axik|t jitrkgl `kfld|flt' Rjl

jitrkglt tlx~l rk kxmagiul rjl flgmrjy BGA& dkifigm ir igrk h|gbflt dafflb

g|dflktk`lt'

Xihktk`lt 5

Xihktk`lt pfay ag adri~l xkfl ig rjl dk`pflz pxkdltt kn pxkrlig tygrjltit&

}jlxl rjly tlx~l at rjl trx|dr|xlt rjar nadifirarl rjl ekigigm kn aìgk adibt'

@irkdjkgbxia5

@irkdjkgbxia axl rjl kxmaglfflt rjar n|gdrikg at rjl dlff (pk}lxjk|tl(&

mlglxarigm AR_& rjl |gi~lxtaf nkx` kn lglxmy |tlb hy aff dlfft' Ir dkg~lxrt nkkb

g|rxilgrt t|dj at mf|dktl& rk a n|lf *AR_) rjar rjl dlfft kn rjl hkby dag |tl'

@irkdjkgbxia axl rigy tadficl trx|dr|xlt nk|gb glax rjl g|dfl|t'


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Lgbkpfatìd Xlrid|f|`5

Lgbkpfatìd `lagt (}irjig rjl pfatà( agb xlrid|f|` `lagt (glr}kxc('

A dk`pflz rjxll bi`lgtikgaf igrlxgaf `l`hxagl tytrl` kn nfarrlglb tjllrt& tadt

agb r|hlt& rjar pfay ag i`pkxragr xkfl ig àcigm pxkrligt agb xltpkgtihfl nkx

~axik|t adri~irilt& igdf|bigm rjl tygrjltit kn fipibt agb jkx`kglt& ltpldiaffy ig

dlfft rjar pxkb|dl rjltl t|htragdlt nkx lzpkxr nxk` rjl dlff'

Xk|mj lgbkpfatìd xlrid|f|` it rjl tirl }jlxl pxkrligt gkr bltriglb nkx rjl

dyrkpfat` axl tygrjltiulb'T`kkrj lgbkpfatìd xlrid|f|` pxk~iblt a ~axilry kn n|gdrikgt& igdf|bigm fipib

tygrjltit agb blmxabarikg& agb dafdi|` ikg trkxaml'

Mkfmi Appaxar|t 5

(_adcamlt( dlff|fax pxkb|drt ig tadt dafflb ~ltidflt tk rjar rjl pxkb|drt dag

dxktt rjl dlff`l`hxagl agb lzir rjl dlff' Rjl Mkfmi appaxar|t it rjl dlgrxaf

blfi~lxy tytrl` nkx rjl dlff'

Fytktk`lt 5

Fytktk`lt axl tad-ficl dk`paxr`lgrt rjar dkgraig a g|`hlx kn pk}lxn|f

blmxabari~l lguy`lt' Rjly axl h|ifr ig rjl Mkfmi appaxar|t' Rjly hxlac bk}g

jax`n|f dlff pxkb|drt agb }atrl àrlxiaft& dlff|fax blhxit& agb nkxlimg ig~ablxt

t|dj at hadrlxia& agb rjlg nkxdl rjl` k|r kn rjl dlff'

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Dlff @lrahkfit`

Dlff `lrahkfit` it rjl rkraf lglxmy xlflatlb agb dkgt|`lb hy a dlff'

@lrahkfit` bltdxihlt aff kn rjl djlìdaf xladrikgt rjar axl japplgigm ig rjl

hkby'

Darahkfit`5 Rjl lglxmy xlflatigm pxkdltt ig }jidj a djlìdaf kx nkkb it |tlb

*hxkclg bk}g) hy blmxabarikg kx bldk`pktirikg& igrk tàfflx pildlt'

Agahkfit`5 Agahkfit` it e|tr rjl kppktirl kn darahkfit`' Ig rjit pkxrikg kn

`lrahkfit`& rjl dlff dkgt|`lt lglxmy rk pxkb|dl faxmlx `kfld|flt ~ia tàfflx

kglt'

'Yk|x hkby it plxnkxìgm hkrj agahkfid agb darahkfid xladrikgt ar rjl ta`l ri`l

agb axk|gb rjl dfkdc& r}lgry nk|x jk|xt a bay& rk cllp yk|x hkby afi~l agb

n|gdrikgigm' L~lg }jifl yk| tfllp& yk|x dlfft axl h|ty `lrahkfiuigm'

Ritt|l fl~lfRitt|l it mxk|p kn dlfft }jidj axl tiìfax ig trx|dr|xl agb }jidj plxnkx`

dk``kg kx xlfarlb n|gdrikgt'

Hatid cigbt kn ritt|l

1' Lpirjlfiaf Ritt|l5 Lpirjlfiaf ritt|l dkgtitrt kn dlfft axxagmlb ig

dkgrig|k|t tjllrt& ig tigmfl faylx kx `|fripfl faylxt'

Dk~lxt rjl hkby

Figlt rjl da~irilt& r|hlt& b|drt agb hfkkb ~lttlft igtibl rjl hkby

Dk~lxt rjl kxmagt igtibl hkby da~irilt

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Dfattinidarikg5 Hatlb kg axxagml`lgrt kn dlfft lpirjlfiaf ritt|l it kn

rjxll ryplt 5

1' Ti`pfl lpirjlfiaf Tigmfl faylx- Nifrxarikg&Ahtkxprikg&Tldxlrikg

8' Trxarinilb lpirjlfiaf- @|fripfl faylx-_xkrldrikg'

4'_tl|bktrxarinilb lpirjlfi|`- kgl faylx h|r applax at `|fripfl faylx-

Tldxlrikg . @k~l`lgr'

Hatlb kg tjapl lpirjlfiaf ritt|lt dag hl dfattinilb at 5

1' Tq|a`k|t- Nfar* Nfkkx ficl)

8' D|hkibaf- D|hl ficl*Jlzamkagf)

4' Dkf|`gax- Xldragm|fax* Diffiarlb+ Gkgdiffiarlb)

2' Rxagtirikgaf- ^axiahfl tjapl

8' Dkggldri~l Ritt|l5

@ktr ah|gbagr . }iblfy bitrxih|rlb ritt|l'

Dkggldri~l Ritt|l N|gdrikgt5

k Dkggldrt& higbt agb t|ppkxrt trx|dr|xlt&**Rlgbkgt& fima`lgrt&

lrd')

k _xkrldrt kxmagt agb ritt|lt&

k @aekx tirl kn lglxmy trkxaml'

k Rxagtpkxrt t|htragdlt *hfkkb)'

k @aig tirl nkx i``|gl xltpkgtl'

4' @|tdfl Ritt|l5

a' @|tdfl ritt|l dkgtitrt kn nihlxt rjar axl tpldiafiulb nkx dkgrxadrikg'

Ir pxk~iblt `krikg . `aigrlgagdl kn pktr|xl'

h' Tclflraf |tdfl ritt|l it arradjlb rk hkglt . irt adrikg it ~kf|graxy'

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d' Daxbiad `|tdfl ritt|l nkx`t `ktr kn rjl jlaxr . irt adrikg it

ig~kf|graxy'

@|tdfl Ritt|l N|gdrikgt5

i' @k~l`lgr

ii' @aigraigt pktr|xl

iii' _xkb|dlt jlar

i~' _|`pt hfkkb

~' _lxitraftit

2' Glx~k|t Ritt|l5

@aig dk`pkglgr kn rjl glx~k|t tytrl`&

*il'& hxaig& tpigaf dkxb . glx~lt)'

Glx~k|t Ritt|l N|gdrikgt5

Xlm|farlt . dkgrxkft hkby n|gdrikgt

Mlglxarlt . rxagt`irt glx~l i`p|ftlt

T|ppkxrt& igt|farlt agb pxkrldrt i`p|ftl mlglxarigm gl|xkgt'

Kxmag fl~lf

Kxmagt axl dk`pktlb kn rjl nk|x cigbt kn ritt|lt axxagmlb ig ~axik|t pxkpkxrikgt

agb parrlxgt5 tjllrt&r|hlt& faylxt& h|gbflt& trxipt& agb tk kg' Nkx lza`pfl&rjl

cibglyt dkgtitr kn *1) a tlxilt kn t`aff r|hlt& ladj dk`pktlb kn a tigmfl faylx kn

lpirjlfiaf dlfft3 *8) hfkkb ~lttlft& }jktl }afft dkgraig ~axyigm q|agririlt kn

t`kkrj `|tdfl agb dkggldri~l ritt|l3 *4) glx~l-dlff lzrlgtikgt rjar lgb glax rjl

`|tdfl agb lpirjlfiaf dlfft3*2) a fkktl glr}kxc kn dkggldri~l-ritt|l lfl`lgrt rjar

axl igrlxtplxtlb rjxk|mjk|r rjl cibglyt agb aftk nkx` lgdfktigm dapt|flt3 agb

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Kxmag tytrl`

Tytrl` @aekx Kxmagt kx

Ritt|lt

_xiàxy N|gdrikgt

Dixd|farkxy Jlaxr& hfkkb ~lttlft&hfkkb

Rxagtpkxr kn hfkkb rjxk|mjk|r rjl hkbyt

Xltpixarkxy

Gktl& pjaxygz&faxygz& rxadjla&hxkgdji& f|gmt

Lzdjagml kn daxhkg bikzibl agb kzymlg

Bimltri~l @k|rj& pjaxygz&ltkpjam|t&Igrltriglt

& tafi~axy mfagbt&pagdxlat& fi~lxmaffhfabblx

Bimltrikg agb ahtkxprikg kn g|rxilgrt&

\xigaxy Cibglyt& |xlrlxt&hfabblx& |xlrjxa

lzdxlrikg kn tafrt& }arlx& agb kxmagid}atrlt

@|td|fktclflraf Daxrifaml& hkgl&fima`lgrt& rlgbkgt&

T|ppkxr& pxkrldrikg& agb `k~l`lgr

I``|gl ]jirl hfkkb dlfft&fy`pj ~lttlft agb

gkblt

Blnlgtl amaigtr nkxlimg ig~ablxt

Glx~k|t Hxaig& tpigaf dkxb&plxipjlxaf glx~lt

trarlt dkgtdik|tgltt3 flaxgigm3 dkmgirikg

Lgbkdxigl Aff mfagbt tldxlrigmjkx`kglt5 _agdxlat&

Xlm|farikg agb dkkxbigarikg kn àgyadri~irilt

Xlpxkb|dri~l @afl5 Rltrlt& plgit&agb attkdiarlb b|drt

Nlàfl5 K~axilt&|rlxigl r|hlt& |rlx|t&~amiga&

_xkb|drikg kn tplx`3 rxagtnlx kn tplx`_xkb|drikg kn lmmt3 pxk~itikg kn a g|rxiri~l

à`àxy mfagbt lg~ixkg`lgr nkx rjlbl~lfkpigm l`hxyk agb nlr|t3 g|rxirikg knrjl ignagr

Igrlm|`lgraxy Tcig& Gaift& Jaix _xkrldrikg amaigtr ige|xy agb bljybxarikg3blnlgtl amaigtr nkxlimg ig~ablxt3xlm|farikg knrl`plxar|xl

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]jar it Jk`lktratit;

Jk`lktratit ig a mlglxaf tlgtl xlnlxt rk trahifiry& hafagdl kx lq|ifihxi| '

@aigraigigm a trahfl igrlxgaf lg~ixkg`lgr xlq|ixlt dkgtragr `kgirkxigm agb

abe|tr`lgrt at dkgbirikgt djagml' Rjit abe|trigm kn pjytikfkmidaf tytrl`t }irjig

rjl hkby it dafflb jk`lktrarid xlm|farikg'

Jk`lktrarid xlm|farikg ig~kf~lt rjxll paxrt kx `ldjagit`t5 1) rjl xldlprkx& 8)

rjl dkgrxkf dlgrlxagb 4) rjl lnnldrkx'

Rjl xldlprkx xldli~lt ignkxàrikg rjar tk`lrjigm ig rjl lg~ixkg`lgr it djagmigm'

Rjl dkgrxkf dlgrlxkxigrlmxarikg dlgrlxxldli~lt agb pxkdlttlt ignkxàrikg nxk`

rjl xldlprkx' Agb fatrfy& rjl lnnldrkx xltpkgbt rk rjl dk`àgbt kn rjl dkgrxkf

dlgrlxhy lirjlx kppktigm kx lgjagdigm rjl tri`|f|t'

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Kxilgrarikg agb Bixldrikgaf Rlx`tKxilgrarikg agb Bixldrikgaf Rlx`t

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_jaxàdkfkmy

_jaxàdkfkmy it blxi~lb nxk` Mxllc }kxb'pjaxàckg& (bx|m(3 agb -fkmia it rjl

tr|by kn bx|m adrikg' @kxl tpldinidaffy& ir it rjl tr|by kn rjl igrlxadrikgt rjar kdd|x

hlr}llg a fi~igm kxmagit` agb lzkmlgk|t djlìdaft rjar afrlx gkxàf

hikdjlìdaf n|gdrikg' In t|htragdlt ja~l `lbidigaf pxkplxrilt& rjly axl

dkgtiblxlb pjaxàdl|ridaft'

Rjl nilfb lgdk`pattlt bx|m dk`pktirikg agb pxkplxrilt& igrlxadrikgt& rkzidkfkmy&

rjlxapy& agb `lbidaf appfidarikgt agb agriparjkmlgid dapahifirilt _jaxàdkfkmy

blaft }irj jk} bx|mt igrlxadr }irjig hikfkmidaf tytrl`t rk annldr n|gdrikg'

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Ir it rjl tr|by kn bx|mt& kn rjl hkbyt xladrikg rk bx|mt& rjl tk|xdlt kn bx|mt& rjlix

gar|xl& agb rjlix pxkplxrilt' Ig dkgrxatr& pjaxàdy it a `lbidaf tdilgdl

dkgdlxglb }irj rjl tanl agb lnnldri~l |tl kn `lbidiglt'

Bx|m

A bx|m& hxkabfy tplacigm& it agy t|htragdl rjar& }jlg ahtkxhlb igrk rjl hkby kn

a fi~igm kxmagit`& afrlxt gkxàf hkbify n|gdrikg'

Ig pjaxàdkfkmy& a bx|m it (a djlìdaf t|htragdl |tlb ig rjl rxlar`lgr& d|xl&

pxl~lgrikg& kx biamgktit kn bitlatl kx |tlb rk krjlx}itl lgjagdl pjytidaf kx

`lgraf }lff-hligm'( Bx|mt ày hl pxltdxihlb nkx a fiìrlb b|xarikg& kx kg a

xlm|fax hatit nkx djxkgid bitkxblxt'

Xk|rl kn abìgitrxarikg

A xk|rl kn abìgitrxarikg ig pjaxàdkfkmy agb rkzidkfkmy it rjl parj hy }jidj

a bx|m& nf|ib& pkitkg& kx krjlx t|htragdl it hxk|mjr igrk dkgradr }irj rjl hkby'

A t|htragdl `|tr hl rxagtpkxrlb nxk` rjl tirl kn lgrxy rk rjl paxr kn rjl hkby

}jlxl irt adrikg it bltixlb rk racl pfadl' Rjl pjaxàdkciglrid pxkplxrilt kn a

bx|m *rjar it& rjktl xlfarlb rk pxkdlttlt kn |pracl& bitrxih|rikg& agb lfiìgarikg)

axl dxiridaffy ignf|lgdlb hy rjl xk|rl kn abìgitrxarikg'

Dfattinidarikg

Xk|rlt kn abìgitrxarikg dag hxkabfy hl bi~iblb igrk5

Rkpidaf5 fkdaf lnnldr& t|htragdl it appfilb bixldrfy }jlxl irt adrikg it

bltixlb'

Lgrlxaf5 bltixlb lnnldr it tytrlìd *gkg-fkdaf)& t|htragdl it mi~lg ~ia rjl

bimltri~l rxadr'

_axlgrlxaf5 bltixlb lnnldr it tytrlìd& t|htragdl it mi~lg hy xk|rlt krjlx

rjag rjl bimltri~l rxadr'

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Rjl \'T' Nkkb agb Bx|m Abìgitrxarikg xldkmgiult 111 bitrigdr xk|rlt kn

abìgitrxarikg' Rjl nkffk}igm it a hxiln fitr kn tk`l xk|rlt kn abìgitrxarikg'

Rkpidaf

Lpid|raglk|t *appfidarikg kgrk rjl tcig)& l'm' afflxmy rltrigm& rypidaf fkdaf

agltrjltia'

Igjafarikgaf& l'm' atrjà `lbidarikgt

Lglà& l'm' dkgrxatr `lbia nkx iàmigm kn rjl hk}lf

Lyl bxkpt *kgrk rjl dkge|gdri~a)& l'm' agrihikridt nkx dkge|gdri~irit

Lax bxkpt - t|dj at agrihikridt agb dkxridktrlxkibt nkx kririt lzrlxga Igrxagataf xk|rl *igrk rjl gktl)& l'm' bldkgmltragr gataf tpxayt' Gataf

abìgitrxarikg dag aftk hl |tlb nkx tytrlìd lnnldr' Rjit it xlfarlb rk rjl

rxagt`|dktaf xk|rl rjxk|mj a `|dk|t `l`hxagl ~ia igt|nnfarikg'

âmigaf& l'm' rkpidaf ltrxkmlgt& agrihadrlxiaft

Lgrlxaf

Lgrlxaf it agy nkx` kn abìgitrxarikg rjar ig~kf~lt agy paxr kn rjl matrxkigrltrigaf

rxadr5

Hy `k|rj *kxaffy)& àgy bx|mt at rahflrt& dapt|flt& kx bxkpt

Hy matrxid nllbigm r|hl& b|kblgaf nllbigm r|hl& kx matrxktrk`y& àgy

bx|mt agb lgrlxaf g|rxirikg

Xldraffy& ~axik|t bx|mt ig t|ppktirkxy kx lglà nkx`

_axlgrlxaf hy igeldrikg kx ign|tikg

Igrxa~lgk|t *igrk a ~lig)& l'm' àgy bx|mt& rkraf paxlgrlxaf g|rxirikg

Igrxaaxrlxiaf *igrk ag axrlxy)& l'm' ~atkbifarkx bx|mt ig rjl rxlar`lgr kn

~atktpat` agb rjxk`hkfyrid bx|mt nkx rxlar`lgr kn l`hkfit`

Igrxa`|td|fax *igrk a `|tdfl

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Igrxadlxlhxaf *igrk rjl dlxlhx|`) bixldr igeldrikg igrk rjl hxaig

Igrxadlxlhxk~lgrxid|fax *igrk rjl dlxlhxaf ~lgrxidflt) abìgitrxarikg igrk rjl

~lgrxid|fax tytrl` kn rjl hxaig'

Igrxadaxbiad *igrk rjl jlaxr)& l'm' abxlgafigl b|xigm daxbikp|f`kgaxy

xlt|tdirarikg *gk fkgmlx dk``kgfy plxnkx`lb)

T|hd|raglk|t *|gblx rjl tcig)& l'm' igt|fig&

Igrxakttlk|t ign|tikg *igrk rjl hkgl àxxk}

Igrxablxàf& *igrk rjl tcig irtlfn) it |tlb nkx tcig rltrigm tk`l afflxmlgt&

agb aftk nkx àgrk|z rltr nkx R|hlxd|fktit

Igrxarjldaf *igrk rjl tpigaf dagaf) it `ktr dk``kgfy |tlb nkx tpigaf

agltrjltia agb djl`krjlxapy

Igrxaplxirkglaf& *ign|tikg kx igeldrikg igrk rjl plxirkgl|`) l'm' plxirkglaf

biafytit'

Igrxa~ltidaf ign|tikg it igrk rjl |xigaxy hfabblx'

Igrxada~lxgktaf igeldrikg it igrk rjl hatl kn rjl plgit'

Ab~agramlt agb bitab~agramlt

Rjlxl axl ab~agramlt agb bitab~agramlt rk ladj xk|rl kn abìgitrxarikg

Igjafarikg

Ab~agramlt

Natrltr `lrjkb& =1? tldkgbt nkx rjl bx|m rk xladj rjl hxaig

\tlx dag rirxarl *xlm|farl rjl a`k|gr kn bx|m rjly axl xldli~igm)

Bitab~agramlt

Rypidaffy a `kxl abbidri~l xk|rl kn abìgitrxarikg hlda|tl ir it rjl natrltr&

flabigm rk igtragr mxarinidarikg' Ig abbirikg& bx|mt raclg hy igjafarikg bk gkr

tray ig rjl hfkkbtrxla` nkx at fkgm& da|tigm rjl |tlx rk xlbktl `kxl

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q|idcfy agb igrlgtinyigm rjl attkdiarikg hlr}llg dkgt|`igm rjl bx|m agb

irt lnnldrt'

Binnid|frilt ig xlm|farigm rjl lzadr a`k|gr kn bktaml

_arilgr ja~igm binnid|frilt ab`igitrlxigm a bx|m ~ia igjaflx

Igeldrikg

Igeldrikg ig dk`pattlt igrxa~lgk|t *I^)& igrxa`|td|fax *I@)& agb t|hd|raglk|t

*t|hd|r)

Ab~agramlt

Natr5 1


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In gkr bkgl pxkplxfy& pkrlgriaffy naraf aix hkf|tlt *h|hhflt) dag kdd|x'

Gllb nkx trxidr atlptit

Kxaf xk|rl

Ab~agraml

Kfbltr . dk``kgltr xk|rl

8' Tanl& dkg~lgilgr& gkgig~ati~l& agb knrlg paigfltt'

4' @lbida`lgr gllb gkr rk hl trlxifl jlgdl ldkgkìdaf'

2' Hkrj tkfib agb fiq|ib dag hl mi~lg rjit xk|rl latify'

Bitab~agraml

@ay da|tl ga|tla ~kìrigm

Daggkr hl |tlb ig |gdkgtdik|t agb |gdkkplxari~l parilgr'

Adrikg it tfk}lx jlgdl gkr t|irahfl nkx l`lxmlgdilt'

Dlxraig bx|mt bltrxkylb hy matrxid e|idl ig trkàdj

Bktaml nkx`

A bktaml nkx` *BN) it rjl pjytidaf nkx` kn a bktl kn a djlìdaf dk`pk|gb |tlb at a

bx|m kx `lbidarikg igrlgblb nkx abìgitrxarikg kx dkgt|`prikg'

Ryplt

Kxaf

_iff& rahflr& kx dapt|fl

Tpldiafry rahflr ficl h|ddaf& t|hfigm|af& kx kxaffy-bitigrlmxarigm

Rjig nif` *l'm'& Fitrlxigl _kdclr _act)

Fiq|ib tkf|rikg kx t|tplgtikg *l'm'& bxigc kx tyx|p)

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_k}blx kx fiq|ib kx tkfib dxytraft

Igjafarikgaf

Alxktkf

Igjaflx

Glh|fiulx

âpkxiulx *|t|affy rk ~apkxiul gar|xaf jlxht ficl àxie|aga)

_axlgrlxaf Igeldrikg

Igrxablxàf *IB)

Igrxa`|td|fax *I@)

Igrxakttlk|t *IX)

Igrxaplxirkglaf *I_)

Igrxa~lgk|t *I^)

T|hd|raglk|t *TD)

Rkpidaf

Dxla`& mlf& figi`lgr kx haf`& fkrikg& kx kigr`lgr& lrd

Lax bxkpt *kprid)

Lyl bxkpt *kpjrjafìd)

Tcig pardj *rxagt blxàf)

T|ppktirkxy

Xldraf *l'm'& lglà)

âmigaf *l'm& bk|djl& plttaxy& lrd')

Tpldiafiulb bktaml nkx`

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@agy rahflrt rkbay axl dkarlb anrlx hligm pxlttlb' Dkarigm it aftk plxnkx`lb nkx

rjl nkffk}igm xlatkgt5

1' Dkgrxkffigm tirl kn bx|m xlflatl

8' _xk~ibigm dkgrxkfflb& dkgrig|k|t xlflatl kx xlb|dl rjl nxlq|lgdy kn bx|m

bktigm

4' @aigraigigm pjytidaf kx djlìdaf bx|m igrlmxiry

2' Lgjagdigm pxkb|dr addlpragdl agb applaxagdl

Ryplt kn dkarigm

1' Lgrlxid dkarigm5 Ag lgrlxid dkarigm it a haxxilx appfilb rk kxaf

`lbidarikg rjar dkgrxkft rjl fkdarikg ig rjl bimltri~l tytrl` }jlxl ir it

ahtkxhlb' Lgrlxidxlnlxt rk rjl tàff igrltrigl& rjlxlnkxl lgrlxid dkarigmt

pxl~lgr xlflatl kn `lbidarikg hlnkxl ir xladjlt rjl tàff igrltrigl'

8' Nif` dkarigm5 Nif` dkarlb rahflrt axl `kxl b|xahfl& fltt h|fcy& agb àtc

rjl ratrl kn rahflr'

4' T|max dkarigm5 T|max dkarigm it bkgl hy xkffigm rjl rahflrt ig jla~y

tyx|p& ig a tiìfax pxkdltt rk dagby àcigm' Ir it bkgl rk mi~l rahflrt ag

arrxadri~l applaxagdl agb rk àcl piff-racigm fltt |gpflatagr'

_jaxàdkciglridt

_jaxàdkciglridt *ig Mxllc5 pjaxàdkg `lagigm bx|m agb ciglrickt

`lagigm p|rrigm ig `krikg& rjl tr|by kn ri`l blplgblgdy3 tk`lri`lt ahhxl~iarlb

at _C) it a hxagdj kn pjaxàdkfkmy blbidarlb rk rjl blrlxìgarikg kn rjl narl

kn t|htragdlt abìgitrlxlb lzrlxgaffy rk a fi~igm kxmagit`

_jaxàdkciglridt it knrlg tr|bilb ig dkge|gdrikg }irj pjaxàdkbygaìdt'

_jaxàdkbygaìdt lzpfkxlt }jar a bx|m bklt rk rjl hkby& }jlxlat

pjaxàdkciglridt lzpfkxlt }jar rjl hkby bklt rk rjl bx|m'

_jaxàdkciglridt igdf|blt rjl tr|by kn rjl5

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@ldjagit`t kn ahtkxprikg agb bitrxih|rikg kn ag abìgitrlxlb bx|m&

Rjl xarl ar }jidj a bx|m adrikg hlmigt agb rjl b|xarikg kn rjl lnnldr&

Rjl djlìdaf djagmlt kn rjl t|htragdl ig rjl hkby *l'm' hy lguy`lt) agb

rjl lnnldrt agb xk|rlt kn lzdxlrikg kn rjl `lrahkfirlt kn rjl bx|m'

AB@L

_jaxàdkciglridt it bi~iblb igrk tl~lxaf axlat }jidj igdf|blt rjl lzrlgr agb xarl

kn Ahtkxprikg& Bitrxih|rikg& @lrahkfit` agb Lzdxlrikg' Rjit it dk``kgfy xlnlxxlb

rk at rjl AB@L tdjl`l' Jk}l~lx xldlgr |gblxtragbigm ahk|r rjl bx|m-hkby

igrlxadrikgt hxk|mjr ahk|r rjl igdf|tikg kn gl} rlx` Fihlxarikg' Gk}_jaxàdkciglridt dag hl hlrrlx bltdxihlb at FAB@L'

Fihlxarikg it rjl pxkdltt kn xlflatl kn bx|m nxk` rjl nkx`|farikg'

Ahtkxprikg it rjl pxkdltt kn a t|htragdl lgrlxigm rjl hkby'

Bitrxih|rikg it rjl bitplxtikg kx bittlìgarikg kn t|htragdlt rjxk|mjk|r

rjl nf|ibt agb ritt|lt kn rjl hkby'

@lrahkfit` it rjl ixxl~lxtihfl rxagtnkxàrikg kn paxlgr dk`pk|gbt igrk

ba|mjrlx `lrahkfirlt'

Lzdxlrikg it rjl lfiìgarikg kn rjl t|htragdlt nxk` rjl hkby' Ig xaxl

datlt& tk`l bx|mt ixxl~lxtihfy add|`|farl ig a ritt|l ig rjl hkby'

_jaxàdkciglridt bltdxihlt jk} rjl hkby annldrt a tpldinid bx|m anrlx

abìgitrxarikg' _jaxàdkciglrid pxkplxrilt kn bx|mt ày hl annldrlb hy lfl`lgrt

t|dj at rjl tirl kn abìgitrxarikg agb rjl dkgdlgrxarikg ig }jidj rjl bx|m it

abìgitrlxlb' Rjltl ày annldr rjl ahtkxprikg xarl'

Ahtkxprikg

Ig pjaxàdkciglridt& ahtkxprikg it rjl `k~l`lgr kn a bx|m igrk rjl

hfkkbtrxla`'

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23/187


Ahtkxprikg ig~kf~lt tl~lxaf pjatlt' Nixtr& rjl bx|m gllbt rk hl abìgitrlxlb ~ia

tk`l xk|rl kn abìgitrxarikg *kxaf& ~ia rjl tcig& lrd') agb ig a tpldinid bktaml

nkx` t|dj at a rahflr& dapt|fl& agb tk kg'

Nadrkxt annldrigm ahtkxprikg

Djlìdaf gar|xl kn bx|mt

@kfld|fax }limjr

Tkf|hifiry

Matrxid `krifiry

pJ kn ahtkxhigm tirl

Axla kn ahtkxhigm t|xnadl

Hfkkb nfk} nixtr patt `lrahkfit`

Igmltrikg }irj kx }irjk|r nkkb

Hika~aifahifiry

Hika~aifahifiry it a `lat|xl`lgr kn rjl xarl agb lzrlgr kn a rjlxapl|ridaffy adri~l

bx|m rjar xladjlt rjl tytrlìd dixd|farikg agb it a~aifahfl ar rjl tirl kn adrikg' Ir

it blgkrlb hy rjl flrrlx N'

Bitrxih|rikg

Ir it a xl~lxtihfl pxkdltt hy }jidj a bx|m fla~lt rjl tytrlìd dixd|farikg agb

lgrlxt rjl lzrxadlff|fax nf|ib kx igtibl rjl dlff'

Dk`paxr`lgrt kn bitrxih|rikg

Igrxa~atd|fax *}irjig rjl hfkkb ~lttlft)

Igrxadlff|fax *igtibl rjl dlfft)

Lzrxadlff|fax *k|rtibl rjl dlfft)

Rxagtdlff|fax *ig nf|ibt nkx`lb ig hkby ficl DTN& hifl)

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_xkrlig higbigm

_xkrlig higbigm mlglxaffy xlnlxt rk rjl higbigm kn a bx|m rk pxkrligt ig hfkkb

pfatà' Rjl igrlxadrikg dag aftk hl hlr}llg rjl bx|m agb ritt|l `l`hxaglt&

xlb hfkkb dlfft& agb krjlx dk`pkglgrt kn rjl hfkkb'

Rjl a`k|gr kn bx|m hk|gb rk pxkrlig blrlxìglt jk} lnnldri~l rjl bx|m it ig rjl

hkby' Rjl hk|gb bx|m it clpr ig rjl hfkkb trxla` }jifl rjl |ghk|gb dk`pkglgrt

kn rjl bx|m ày hl `lrahkfiulb kx lzrxadrlb& àcigm rjl` rjl adri~l paxr kn rjl

bx|m' Tk& in a bx|m it 9


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pjatl II

Bx|mt dag |gblxmk kgl kn nk|x pkrlgriaf hikrxagtnkxàrikgt5 Adri~l Bx|m rk

Igadri~l @lrahkfirl& Adri~l Bx|m rk Adri~l @lrahkfirl& Igadri~l Bx|m rk Adri~l

@lrahkfirl& Adri~l Bx|m rk Rkzid @lrahkfirl *hikrkzinidarikg)'

_jatl I xladrikg

Igdf|blt kzibari~l& xlb|dri~l agb jybxkfyrid xladrikgt'

Ig rjltl rypl kn xladrikgt& a pkfax mxk|p it lirjlx igrxkb|dlb kx |gàtclb&

tk rjl bx|m `kfld|fl hldk`lt `kxl }arlx-tkf|hfl agb dag hl lzdxlrlb'

_jatl I xladrikgt axl Gkg-tygrjlrid ig gar|xl . mlglxaffy pxkb|dl a `kxl

}arlx tkf|hfl . fltt adri~l `lrahkfirl'

Rjl àekxiry kn _jatl I `lrahkfirlt axl mlglxarlb hy a dk``kg

jybxkzyfarigm lguy`l tytrl` cgk}g at dyrkdjxk`l _2


26/187


Anrlx a bx|m it t}affk}lb& ir it ahtkxhlb hy rjl bimltri~l tytrl` agb lgrlxt rjl

jlparid pkxraf tytrl`' Ir it daxxilb rjxk|mj rjl pkxraf ~lig igrk rjl fi~lx hlnkxl ir

xladjlt rjl xltr kn rjl hkby' Rjl fi~lx `lrahkfiult àgy bx|mt& tk`lri`lt rk

t|dj ag lzrlgr rjar kgfy a tàff a`k|gr kn adri~l bx|m l`lxmlt nxk` rjl fi~lx rk

rjl xltr kn rjl dixd|farkxy tytrl`'

Rjit nixtr patt rjxk|mj rjl fi~lx rj|t mxlarfy xlb|dlt rjl hika~aifahifiry kn rjl

bx|m' Afrlxgari~l xk|rlt kn abìgitrxarikg ficl t|ppktirkxyP& igrxa~lgk|t&

igrxa`|td|fax& agb t|hfigm|af a~kib rjl nixtr-patt lnnldr hlda|tl rjly affk} bx|mt

rk hl ahtkxhlb bixldrfy igrk rjl tytrlìd dixd|farikg'

Rjl nk|x pxiàxy tytrl`t rjar annldr rjl nixtr patt lnnldr kn a bx|m axl rjl

lguy`lt kn rjl matrxkigrltrigaf f|`lg& m|r }aff lguy`lt& hadrlxiaf lguy`lt& agb

jlparid lguy`lt'

Lfiìgarikg kx Lzdxlrikg

Bx|mt axl lfiìgarlb àigfy rjxk|mj |xigl agb hifl *trkkft)' Rjl krjlx xk|rlt kn

lzdxlrikg axl

@ifc

T}lar

F|gmt

Lfiìgarikg ciglridt

Nixtr kxblx ciglridt

@ktr bx|mt nkffk} nixtr kxblx ciglridt kn lfiìgarikg }jlxl a dkgtragr nxadrikg kn

bx|m it lfiìgarlb plx |gir nxadrikg' Rjl xarl kn lfiìgarikg it bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf

rk rjl pfatà dkgdlgrxarikg kn bx|m' Ar jimjlx dkgdlgrxarikgt kn bx|m& rjl

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a`k|gr kn bx|m lfiìgarlb it `kxl& }jifl ar fk}lx dkgdlgrxarikgt kn bx|m5 rjl

a`k|gr kn bx|m lfiìgarlb it fk}lx'

Ulxk kxblx ciglridt

Nl} bx|mt nkffk} ulxk kxblx ciglridt kn lfiìgarikg }jlxl rjl xarl kn lfiìgarikg it

dkgtragr plx |gir ri`l' Rjl a`k|gr kn bx|m lfiìgarlb plx |gir ri`l it ta`l&

ixxltpldri~l kn rjl pfatà dkgdlgrxarikg kn rjl bx|m'

Blnigirikgt

A\D 5 A`k|gr kn bx|m ahtkxhlb afkgm }irj xarl kn

ahtkxprikg agb ri`l xlq|ixlb rk adjil~l àzi`|` dkgd'

Timginidagdl - A\D bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk lnnidady kx

adrikg

A\D

@LD

kx @ID

I^

1+8 finlRàzKxaf

Dàz

Tlx|`fl~lft

1+8 Dàz

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A\D - Axla \gblx rjl D|x~l - ir it rjl lzrlgr kn ahtkxprikg kn bx|m ig rjl

hkby

@LD - @ig`|` Lnnldri~l Dkgdlgrxarikg- ir it rjl flatr dkgdlgrxarikg kn

rjl bx|m ig rjl pfatà+hfkkb xlq|ixlb rk pxkb|dl rjlxapl|rid lnnldr

Ràz - ir it rjl ri`l xlq|ixlb rk adjil~l àzi`|` dkgdlgrxarikg ig

hfkkb+ritt|lt

Dàz - ir it rjl àzi`|` dkgdlgrxarikg adjil~lb hy rjl bx|m ig

hfkkb+ritt|lt'

Jafn finl

Ir it rjl ri`l gllblb nkx rjl pfatà dkgdlgrxarikg rk naff rk jafn rjl D àz ~af|l

_jaxàdkbygaìdt

_jaxàdkbygaìdt it rjl tr|by kn rjl pjytikfkmidaf lnnldrt kn bx|mt kg rjl

hkby kx kg ìdxkkxmagit`t kx paxatirlt }irjig kx kg rjl hkby agb rjl

`ldjagit`t kn bx|m adrikg agb rjl xlfarikgtjip hlr}llg bx|m dkgdlgrxarikg agb

lnnldr'

_jaxàdkbygaìdt it knrlg t|`àxiulb at rjl tr|by kn }jar a bx|m bklt rk rjl

hkby& }jlxlat pjaxàdkciglridt it rjl tr|by kn }jar rjl hkby bklt rk a bx|m'

_jaxàdkbygaìdt it tk`lri`lt ahhxl~iarlb at (_B(& agb }jlg xlnlxxlb rk ig

dkge|gdrikg }irj pjaxàdkciglridt dag hl xlnlxxlb rk at (_C_B('

Lnnldrt kg rjl hkby

Rjl àekxiry kn bx|mt lirjlx *a) ììd kx igjihir gkxàf pjytikfkmidaf+hikdjlìdaf

pxkdlttlt kx igjihir parjkfkmidaf pxkdlttlt ig agiàft kx *h) igjihir ~iraf

pxkdlttlt kn lgbk- kx ldrkpaxatirlt agb ìdxkhiaf kxmagit`t'

Rjlxl axl < àig bx|m adrikgt5

blpxlttigm

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Ryplt

Xldlprkxt dag hl adri~arlb kx igadri~arlb lirjlx hy lgbkmlgk|t *t|dj at

jkx`kglt agb gl|xkrxagtìrrlxt) kx lzkmlgk|t *t|dj at bx|mt) amkgitrt agb

agramkgitrt& xlt|frigm ig tri`|farigm kx igjihirigm a hikfkmidaf xltpkgtl'

A pjytikfkmidaf amkgitr it a t|htragdl rjar dxlarlt rjl ta`l hkbify

xltpkgtlt& h|r bklt gkr higb rk rjl ta`l xldlprkx'

Ag lgbkmlgk|t amkgitr nkx a paxrid|fax xldlprkx it a dk`pk|gb gar|xaffy

pxkb|dlb hy rjl hkby }jidj higbt rk agb adri~arlt rjar xldlprkx' Nkx lza`pfl&

rjl lgbkmlgk|t amkgitr nkx tlxkrkgig xldlprkxt it tlxkrkgig& agb rjllgbkmlgk|t amkgitr nkx bkpaìgl xldlprkxt it bkpaìgl'

A t|plxamkgitr it a dk`pk|gb rjar it dapahfl kn pxkb|digm a mxlarlx àziàf

xltpkgtl rjag rjl lgbkmlgk|t amkgitr nkx rjl raxmlr xldlprkx& agb rj|t jat ag

lnnidady kn `kxl rjag 1??,'

N|ff amkgitrt higb *ja~l annigiry nkx) agb adri~arl a xldlprkx& bitpfayigm n|ff

lnnidady ar rjar xldlprkx' Kgl lza`pfl kn a bx|m rjar adrt at a n|ff amkgitr it

itkpxkrlxlgkf }jidj ììdt rjl adrikg kn abxlgafigl ar abxlgkxldlprkxt'

_axriaf amkgitrt *t|dj at h|tpixkgl& axipipxaukfl& h|pxlgkxpjigl& kx

gkxdfkuapigl) aftk higb agb adri~arl a mi~lg xldlprkx& h|r ja~l kgfy paxriaf

lnnidady ar rjl xldlprkx xlfari~l rk a n|ff amkgitr'

Ag ig~lxtl amkgitr it ag amlgr }jidj higbt rk rjl ta`l xldlprkx higbigm-tirl at

ag amkgitr nkx rjar xldlprkx agb xl~lxtlt dkgtrir|ri~l adri~iry kn xldlprkxt'

Ig~lxtl amkgitrt lzlxr rjl kppktirl pjaxàdkfkmidaf lnnldr kn a xldlprkx'

Agramkgitr

A xldlprkx agramkgitr it a rypl kn xldlprkx bx|m rjar bklt gkr pxk~kcl a

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hikfkmidaf xltpkgtl irtlfn |pkg higbigm rk a xldlprkx& h|r hfkdct kx ba`plgt

amkgitr-`lbiarlb xltpkgtlt'

Ig pjaxàdkfkmy& agramkgitrt ja~l annigiry h|r gk lnnidady nkx rjlix dkmgarl

xldlprkxt& agb higbigm }iff bitx|pr rjl igrlxadrikg agb igjihir rjl n|gdrikg kn ag

amkgitr kx ig~lxtl amkgitr ar xldlprkxt' Agramkgitrt `lbiarl rjlix lnnldrt hy

higbigm rk rjl adri~l tirl kx rk affktrlxid tirlt kg xldlprkxt& kx rjly ày igrlxadr ar

|giq|l higbigm tirlt gkr gkxàffy ig~kf~lb ig rjl hikfkmidaf xlm|farikg kn rjl

xldlprkxt adri~iry'

@ID

@IGI@\@ IGJIHIRKXY DKGDLGRXARIKG kn a bx|m it rjl ìgi`|`

dkgdlgrxarikg rjar it xlq|ixlb rk igjihir ar flatr 9?, kn rjl ìdxkkxmagit`t'

Lnnidady kn a bx|m

Rjl lnnidady kn bx|m it blplgblgr kg rjl g|`hlx kn bx|m xldlprkx dk`pflzlt

nkx`lb' @kxl rjl dk`pflzlt nkx`lb kxl it rjl lnnidady'

_krlgdy kn a bx|m

_krlgdy blrlxìglt jk} `|dj bx|m it xlq|ixlb rk pxkb|dl a mi~lg

xltpkgtl& fk}lx rjl bktl xlq|ixlb `kxl pkrlgr it rjl bx|m'

A `kxl pkrlgr bx|m bklt gkr gldlttaxify `lag rjar ir it aftk `kxl

lnnidadik|t'

Rjlxapl|rid }igbk}

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Rjlxapl|rid }igbk} it a rjlkxlridaf dkgdlpr dafd|farlb at rjl binnlxlgdl hlr}llg

rjl dkgdlgrxarikg kn a bx|m gllblb rk da|tl tibl lnnldrt agb rjl dkgdlgrxarikg

gllblb nkx bx|m adri~iry'

Rkflxagdl

Dlxraig bx|mt anrlx pxkfkgmlb |tl hlmig rk tjk} xlb|dlb rjlxapl|rid hlglnirt'

Rjl xlatkg it rjar rjl xldlprkx kg }jidj rjl bx|m adrt ja~l xlb|dlb ig rjlix

g|`hlx' Xlb|dlb xldlprkxt `lagt rjar rjlxl }iff hl fltt bx|m xldlprkx

dk`pflzlt nkx`lb'

Bx|m blplgblgdy kx Abbidrikg

Tk`l bx|mt paxrid|faxfy adrigm kg rjl glx~k|t tytrl` daggkr hl t|bblgfy

trkpplb' Kg trkppigm rjl bx|m parilgrt bl~lfkp pjytidaf ty`prk`t ficl xaitlb

hfkkb pxltt|xl& radjydaxbia& t}larigm at }lff ixxirarikg kx ~ikflgr hlja~ikx' Rjit

it hlda|tl parilgrt bl~lfkp blplgblgdy kg rjl bx|m'

Abbiri~l Lnnldr

]jlg rjl rkraf pjaxàdkfkmidaf adrikg kn R}k kx `kxl bx|mt abìgitrlxlb

rkmlrjlx It lq|i~aflgr rk rjl t|`àrikg kn rjlix igbi~ib|af pjaxàdkfkmidaf

adrikgt'Lm5 lpjlbxigl # aìgkpjyffigl ig rxlar`lgr kn hxkgdjiaf atrjà'

Tyglxmitrid lnnldr

]jlg rjl rkraf pjaxàdkfkmidaf adrikg kn r}k kx `kxl bx|mt abìgitrlxlb

rkmlrjlx it `kxl rjag rjl t|`àrikg kn rjlix igbi~ib|af pjaxàdkfkmidaf adrikgt

Lm5 Dkrxi`kzaukfl*t|fpja`lrjkzaukfl #Rxi`lrjkpxi`) Tlprxag'

Bx|m bktigm

KB - Kgdl baify

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HB - r}idl baify

RB - Rjxidl baify

QB Ig a bay

TKT - B|xigm l`lxmlgdy |tl

JT - Ar hlb ri`l

Trar i``lbiarlfy

AB^LXTL BX\M XLADRIKGT *ABX)

Agy |gbltixahfl agb |g}agrlb lnnldr rjar mklt afkgm }irj rjl rjlxapl|rid lnnldrt

kn rjl bx|m

Tibl lnnldrt-kdd|x ar gkxàf rjlxapl|rid bktlt agb axl lzpldrlb \grk}axb lnnldrt- kdd|x ar rjlxapl|rid bktlt agb axl |glzpldrlb

Rkzid lnnldrt- kdd|x ar jimj bktlt agb +kx àginltr }jlg rjl bx|m it

|tlb nkx a fkgmlx b|xarikg'

Dfigidaf rxiaft

Agy ig~ltrimarikg ig j|àgt

Rk bitdk~lx kx ~lxiny rjl dfigidaf& pjaxàdkfkmidaf agb+kx krjlx

pjaxàdkbygaìd lnnldrt kn ag ig~ltrimarikgaf pxkb|dr *t)

Rk iblgriny agy ab~lxtl xladrikgt& rk ag |g ig~ltrimarikgaf pxkb|drt Rk tr|by ahtkxprikg& bitrxih|rikg& `lrahkfit`& agb lzdxlrikg kn ag

ig~ltrimarikgaf pxkb|dr

]irj rjl kheldr kn zzz irt tanlry agb+kx lnnidady

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Dfigidaf rxiaft

_JATL KN A DFIGIDAF RXIAF

_jatl I *àz rkflxarlb bktl . tanlry& dk`pxitlt kn tàff gk' kn parilgrt)

_jatl II * rjlxapl|rid lnnldr )

_jatl III *dk`paxari~l tr|by }irj rjl d|xxlgr tragbaxb rjlxapy& dk`pxitlt

kn faxml gk' kn parilgrt)

_jatl I^ + _ktràxclrigm t|x~liffagdl *_@T) dkgrig|igm l~af|arikg rjar

raclt pfadl anrlx NBA appxk~af& }jlg rjl bx|m kx rxlar`lgr pxkdlb|xl it

afxlaby kg rjl àxclr agb a~aifahfl nkx mlglxaf |tl'

DAXBIKÂTD\FAX TYTRL@

Igrxkb|drikg kn daxbik~atd|fax tytrl`

Daxbik~atd|fax tytrl` dk`pxitlt kn5

1' Jlaxr

8' Hfkkb ^lttlft4' Hfkkb

]jar it rjl dk`pktirikg kn hfkkb;

Rjl hfkkb it dk`pktlb kn r}k paxrt5

Rjl pfatà *fiq|ib paxr&


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Rjl hfkkb dlfft *2


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G|rxilgrt *t|dj at mf|dktl& aìgk adibt& ìdxk-g|rxilgrt *~iraìgt .

ìglxaft) lrd'

@aigraigt Hkby Rl`plxar|xl

Dkgrxkft pJ

Xl`k~lt rkzigt nxk` rjl hkby

Rkzigt xl`k~lb nxk` rjl hfkkb hy rjl cibglyt fla~l rjl hkby ig rjl nkx`

kn |xigl . t}lar

Xlm|farikg kn Hkby Nf|ib Lfldrxkfyrlt5 Lzdltt tafr it xl`k~lb nxk` rjl

hkby ig |xigl& }jidj ày dkgraig axk|gb 1?m tafr plx bay

Rk tlx~l at blnlgtl amaigtr ignldrikgt . ige|xilt

]jar it jal`kmfkhig agb irt n|gdrikg;

Jal`kmfkhig it a dk`pflz pxkrlig rjar it xidj ig ixkg' Ir it nk|gb ig XHDt' Ir

dk`higlt }irj kzymlg rk nkx` kzy-jal`kmfkhig agb rj|t rxagtpkxrt kzymlg nxk`

rjl f|gm rk ladj agb l~lxy dlff' Rjl daxhkg bikzibl nkx`lb at a xlt|fr kn

`lrahkfid xladrikgt& higbt }irj jal`kmfkhig rk nkx` daxhkzyjal`kmfkhig agb it

daxxilb rk rjl f|gmt nkx lzp|ftikg' Rj|t jal`kmfkhig jlfpt ig daxxyigm kzymlg ig

rjl hkby'

Rjl gkxàf jal`kmfkhig fl~lft ig binnlxlgr aml mxk|p'

Ab|frt àfl - 12-1: m+bf

Ab|fr nlàfl - 18-1> m+bf

Ignagrt - 12-8? m+bf

Bldxlatl ig Jal`kmfkhig dkgdlgrxarikg hlfk} gkxàf it cgk}g at Agalìa&

}jlxl rjl kzymlg daxxyigm dapadiry kn rjl hfkkb it xlb|dlb'

Gkxàf xagml kn Jlàrkfkmidaf ~af|lt

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]jar axl rjl binnlxlgr ryplt kn hfkkb ~lttlft;

Rjltl axl 4 ryplt kn Hfkkb ~lttlft

1' Axrlxilt - ^lttlft }jidj daxxilt hfkkb a}ay nxk` rjl jlaxr' Rjly daxxy

kzymlgarlb hfkkb }irj rjl lzdlprikg kn p|f`kgaxy axrlxy' Axrlxilt axl

n|xrjlx t|hbi~iblb igrk tàfflx ~lttlft dafflb axrlxikflt& }jidj n|xrjlx

t|hbi~ibl igrk jaixy rjig dapiffaxilt ar rjl dlff|fax fl~lf'

8' ^ligt - lttlft }jidj daxxy hfkkb rk}axbt rjl jlaxr' Rjly daxxy

blkzymlgarlb hfkkb }irj rjl lzdlprikg kn p|f`kgaxy ~lig' ^ligt axl

n|xrjlx t|hbi~iblb igrk tàfflx ~lttlft dafflb ~lg|flt'

4' Dapiffaxilt - Rjltl axl rjl tàffltr hfkkb ~lttlft agb àgy axl gkr

~itihfl rjxk|mj gaclb lylt' Lzdjagml kn K8& DK8& jkx`kglt& lguy`lt&

ikgt& mf|dktl& lrd }irj rjl dlfft& aff raclt pfadl rjxk|mj rjl dapiffaxilt'

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Nim' Axrlxy& dapiffaxilt agb ~lg|flt

]jidj axl rjl faylxt kn rjl }afft kn rjl axrlxilt agb ~ligt;

Axrlxilt agb ~ligt axl àbl |p kn 4 faylxt -

R|gida Lzrlxga& }jidj it rjl k|rlx `ktr faylx agb it àbl kn nihxk|t

Ritt|l'

R|gida @lbia it rjl ìbbfl faylx agb rjl `ktr i`pkxragr faylx' Rjit it

àbl kn t`kkrj `|tdfl agb lfatrid Ritt|lt' Rjl t`kkrj `|tdflt jlfp

ig dkgrxadrikg agb bifarikg kn rjl hfkkb ~lttlft& ltpldiaffy rjl axrlxilt'

Rjit jlfpt ig àigraigigm rjl rkgl kn rjl hfkkb ~lttlft'

R|gida Igrià it rjl igglx`ktr faylx' Rjl igrià it figlb hy a tigmfl

faylx kn dlff dafflb lgbkrjlfi|`'

Nim' Axrlxy& ~lig agb dapiffaxy

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Dapiffaxilt axl `abl kn tigmfl faylx kn lpirjlfiaf ritt|l dafflb lgbkrjlfi|` rk

nadifirarl nxll lzdjagml kn lttlgriaf `arlxiaft'

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RJL JLAXR

Igrxkb|drikg

Jlaxr it fkdarlb ig rjl `ibbfl kn rjl djltr *a firrfl rk}axbt rjl flnr) hljigb rjl

hxlatrhkgl& hlr}llg rjl f|gmt'

Agark`y kn Jlaxr

Rjl jlaxr it dk`pktlb kn 2 dja`hlxt -

R}k arxia *flnr agb ximjr)

R}k ~lgrxidflt *flnr agb ximjr)

Rjl igrlx-~lgrxid|fax tlpr|` it ag igrlxgaf }aff rjar tlpaxarlt rjl ximjr agb flnr

~lgrxidflt'

Nim' Agark`y kn rjl jlaxr

2?


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Nk|x ~af~lt pxltlgr ig rjl jlaxr rk xlm|farl rjl hfkkb nfk}' Rjly axl -

1' Rxid|tpib ^af~l - Tir|arlb hlr}llg ximjr arxi|` agb ximjr ~lgrxidfl'

8' _|f`kgaxy ^af~l - Tir|arlb hlr}llg ximjr ~lgrxidfl agb hlmiggigm kn

p|f`kgaxy axrlxy'

4' Hid|tpib ~af~l *@irxaf ~af~l) - Tir|arlb hlr}llg flnr arxi|` agb flnr

~lgrxidfl'

2' Akxrid af~l - Tir|arlb hlr}llg flnr ~lgrxidfl agb rjl akxra'

T|plxikx ^lga Da~a

^ligt nxk` rjl jlab agb |pplx hkby bxaig rjl blkzymlgarlb hfkkb igrk rjl

t|plxikx ~lga da~a& }jidj l`prilt igrk rjl ximjr arxi|` kn rjl jlaxr'

Ignlxikx ^lga Da~a

^ligt nxk` rjl flmt agb fk}lx rkxtk bxaig rjl blkzymlgarlb hfkkb igrk rjl

ignlxikx ~lga da~a& }jidj l`prilt igrk rjl ximjr arxi|` kn rjl jlaxr'

Akxra

Ir it rjl faxmltr hfkkb ~lttlf ig hkby' Ir daxxilt kzymlg-xidj hfkkb nxk` rjl flnr

~lgrxidfl rk rjl ~axik|t paxrt kn rjl hkby'

_|f`kgaxy Axrlxy

Ir it rjl ~lttlf rxagtpkxrigm bl-kzymlgarlb hfkkb nxk` rjl ximjr ~lgrxidfl rk rjl

f|gmt'

_|f`kgaxy ^lig Ir it rjl ~lttlf rxagtpkxrigm kzymlg-xidj hfkkb nxk` rjl f|gmt rkrjl flnr arxi|`'

Ximjr Arxi|`

Xldli~lt bl-kzymlgarlb hfkkb nxk` rjl hkby rjxk|mj rjl t|plxikx ~lga da~a

*jlab agb |pplx hkby) agb ignlxikx ~lga da~a *flmt agb fk}lx paxrt)'

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Ximjr ^lgrxidfl

Xldli~lt bl-kzymlgarlb hfkkb at rjl ximjr arxi|` dkgrxadrt& agb tlgbt hfkkb rk

f|gmt rjxk|mj p|f`kgaxy axrlxy nkx kzymlgarikg'

Flnr Arxi|`

Rjl flnr arxi|` xldli~lt kzymlgarlb hfkkb nxk` rjl f|gmt rjxk|mj rjl p|f`kgaxy

~lig'

Flnr ^lgrxidfl'

Rjl flnr ~lgrxidfl xldli~lt kzymlgarlb hfkkb at rjl flnr arxi|` dkgrxadrt'

]jar axl rjl binnlxlgr faylxt kn jlaxr;

Rjl jlaxr it dk`pktlb kn 4 faylxt -

1' _lxidaxbi|` - Ir it rjl k|rlx ktr faylx agb dk~lxt rjl jlaxr

8' @ykdaxbi|` - Rjit it rjl rjidcltr faylx kn rjl jlaxr agb dkgtitrt kn tpldiaf

`|tdfl nihxlt dafflb rjl daxbiad `|tdflt& }jidj pkttltt rjl pxkplxry kn

a|rk-xjyrj`id dkgrxadrikg agb xlfazarikg'

4' Lgbkdaxbi|` -Rjit nkx t a t`kkrj igglx t|xnadl rk affk} hfkkb rk nfk}

latify rjxk|mj rjl jlaxrt dja`hlxt'

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_JYTIKFKMY KN JLAXR

]jar it tytrkfl agb biatrkfl;

Tytrkfl - Dkgrxadrikg kn rjl jlaxr it dafflb tytrkfl' Hkrj arxia agb ~lgrxidfl

dkgrxadrt tlpaxarlfy' Jlgdl dkgrxadrikg kn arxia it dafflb arxiaf tytrkfl agb

dkgrxadrikg kn ~lgrxidfl it dafflb ~lgrxid|fax tytrkfl'

Biatrkfl - Xlfazarikg kn rjl jlaxr it dafflb biatrkfl' Ti`ifaxfy rjlxl axl arxiaf

biatrkfl agb ~lgrxid|fax biatrkfl'

Nim' Tytrkfl agb biatrkfl

]jar it daxbiad dydfl;

Daxbiad dydfl - Rjit it rjl b|xarikg kn kgl tytrkfl agb kgl biatrkfl& i'l'& kgl

jlaxr hlar' Ir it appxkzi`arlfy ?': tldkgbt' B|xarikg kn tytrkfl it ?'2 tldkgb agb

biatrkfl it ?'2 tldkgb'

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]jar it rjl dkgb|drikg tytrl` kn rjl jlaxr;Rjl dkkxbigarikg kn daxbiad `|tdfl dkgrxadrikgt it `abl pkttihfl hy rjl

dkgb|drikg tytrl` kn rjl jlaxr' Ir it dk`pktlb kn-

Tigkarxiaf gkbl *T A gkbl)

Arxik-~lgrxid|fax gkbl *A ^ gkbl)

H|gbfl kn Jit

_|xcigel Nihlxt

Arxiaf

tytrkfl?'1 tld

^lgrxid|fax

tytrkfl

?'4 tld

Dk`pflrl daxbiad

biatrkfl ?'2 tld

22


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Anrlx arxiaf tytrkfl& rjl lfldrxidaf i`p|ftl rjar kximigarlb ig rjl TA gkbl rxa~lft

rjxk|mj rjl arxiaf }afft rk a xlfay pkigr dafflb rjl arxik~lgrxid|fax *A^) gkbl

fkdarlb ig rjl }aff hlr}llg rjl ximjr arxi|` agb ~lgrxidfl' Jlxl& rjl timgaf it

blfaylb ahk|r ?'1t rk lgt|xl rjar rjl arxia ja~l nigitjlb dkgrxadrigm' Anrlx rjit

blfay& rjl i`p|ftl rxa~lft rjk|mj tpldiafiulb daxbiad `|tdfl nihlxt ig rjl

~lgrxid|fax }afft dafflb _|xcigel nihlxt' Rjltl nihlxt àcl |p rjl A^ h|gbfl kn

Jit' Rjl A^ h|gbfl bi~iblt& tlgbigm a hxagdj rk ladj ~lgrxidfl' ]jlg rjl

lfldrxidaf i`p|ftl xladjlt rjl lgbt kn rjl _|xcigel nihlxt& ir tpxlabt rjxk|mj rjl

kxbigaxy daxbiad `|tdfl& da|tigm ~lgrxid|fax tytrkfl'

]jar axl rjl ~axik|t rlxìgkfkmilt |tlb ig rjl jl`kbygaìdt kn jlaxr;

Trxkcl ~kf|`l *T^) it rjl a`k|gr kn hfkkb p|`plb hy rjl jlaxr plx hlar'

Lgb-biatrkfid ~kf|`l it rjl a`k|gr kn hfkkb ig ~lgrxidfl ar rjl lgb kn irt

biatrkfl'

Lgb-tytrkfid ~kf|`l it rjl a`k|gr kn hfkkb xlàigigm ig ~lgrxidfl anrlx

tytrkfl'

Trxkcl ~kf|`l it blrlxìglb hy binnlxlgdl hlr}llg lgb-biatrkfid ~kf|`l

*LB^) agb lgb-tytrkfid ~kf|`l *LT^)

T^ 0 LB^ *18?`f) - LT^ *


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Jlaxr Xarl *JX) - Ir it rjl g|`hlx kn ri`lt rjl jlaxr hlart plx ìg|rl' Ir it

appxkziàrlfy lq|af rk =8 ri`lt plx ìg|rl ig a gkxàf jlafrjy ab|fr'

Hxabydaxbia - Jlaxr hlar fltt rjag >?+ìg|rl'

Radjydaxbia - Jlaxr hlar `kxl rjag 1??+ìg|rl'

Daxbiad K|rp|r *DK) - Ir it rjl a`k|gr kn hfkkb p|`plb k|r hy rjl jlaxr ig

1 ìg|rl'

DK 0 T^ z JX 0 < firlxt *gkxàf jlafrjy ab|fr)

Axxjyrjìa - Ir it rjl ixxlm|fax hlarigm kn rjl jlaxr axitigm b|l rk ahgkxàf

lfldrxidaf adri~iry ig rjl dkgb|drikg tytrl`' Ir it a bagmlxk|t tir|arikg at

axxjyrjìa it kgl kn rjl flabigm da|tlt kn t|bblg blarj' _lxipjlxaf xltitragdl *_X) - Ir it rjl xltitragdl knnlxlb hy rjl }afft kn rjl

axrlxilt rk rjl nfk}igm hfkkb'

_xlfkab - Ir it rjl trxlrdj kg rjl ~lgrxidfl }aff b|l rk rjl niffigm hfkkb kx rjl

~lgk|t xlr|xg *LB^)' _xlfkab it bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk rjl hfkkb ~kf|`l'

Anrlxfkab *Hadc _xltt|xl) - Anrlxfkab it rjl pxltt|xl }jidj rjl ~lgrxidflt

`|tr k~lxdk`l ig kxblx rk leldr hfkkb' Rj|t& ir it rjl pxltt|xl kn rjl

p|f`kgaxy rx|gc agb rjl akxra' Anrlxfkab it bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk

plxipjlxaf xltitragdl' Igdxlatlb anrlx fkab& `lagt rjar LT^ it igdxlatlb3

rj|t& T^ it xlb|dlb'

]jidj axl rjl nadrkxt annldrigm daxbiad k|rp|r;

Nkffk}igm axl rjl nadrkxt annldrigm daxbiad k|rp|r5

1' Nkxdl kn Dkgrxadrikg - Daxbiad k|rp|r it bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk NKD'

8' Jlaxr Xarl - Daxbiad k|rp|r it ig~lxtlfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk jlaxr xarl' Mxlarlx

rjl jlaxr xarl& fk}lx it rjl niffigm ri`l agb ~idl ~lxta'

4' _xlfkab - Daxbiad k|rp|r it bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk pxlfkab'

2' Anrlxfkab - Daxbiad k|rp|r it ig~lxtlfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk anrlxfkab' Mxlarlx it

rjl anrlxfkab& mxlarlx it rjl LT^ agb flttlx it rjl T^'

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]jidj axl rjl nadrkxt annldrigm plxipjlxaf xltitragdl;

1' Bia`lrlx kn Hfkkb ^lttlft - _X it ig~lxtlfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk bia`lrlx kn

hfkkb ~lttlft' Rjit it rjl `aekx da|tl kn igdxlatl ig Hfkkb _xltt|xl kn ag

igbi~ib|af'

8' Lfatridiry kn Hfkkb ^lttlft - _X it ig~lxtlfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk rjl lfatridiry kn

hfkkb ~lttlft' ]irj aml lfatridiry bldxlatlt& jlgdl hfkkb pxltt|xl

igdxlatl'

4' ^itdktiry kn Hfkkb - _X it bixldrfy pxkpkxrikgaf rk rjl ~itdktiry kn hfkkb'

2=


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HFKKB _XLTT\XL

]jar it hfkkb pxltt|xl;

Ir it rjl farlxaf pxltt|xl lzlxrlb hy rjl nfk}igm hfkkb kg rjl }afft kn rjl axrlxilt'

Hfkkb pxltt|xl *H_) it kn 8 ryplt

Tytrkfid hfkkb pxltt|xl *TH_) - Hfkkb pxltt|xl b|xigm dkgrxadrikg kn rjl

jlaxr' Kpriàf TH_ it 18? `` Jm'

Biatrkfid hfkkb pxltt|xl *BH_) - Hfkkb pxltt|xl b|xigm xlfazarikg kn rjl

jlaxr' Kpriàf BH_ it :? `` Jm'

Jk} it rjl hfkkb pxltt|xl lzpxlttlb;

@arjlàridaffy hfkkb pxltt|xl it lzpxlttlb at

H_ 0 DK z _X

Jlgdl agy igdxlatl kx bldxlatl ig DK kx _X kx hkrj }iff lirjlx igdxlatl kx

bldxlatl H_'

Hfkkb pxltt|xl it `lat|xlb hy ag igtrx|`lgr dafflb Tpjym`kàgk`lrlx'

Hfkkb pxltt|xl rlgbt rk ~axy dkgtiblxahfy k~lx rjl bay l~lg ig a gkxàf jlafrjy

plxtkg'

]jidj axl rjl pjytikfkmidaf nadrkxt annldrigm H_;

Dixdabiag xjyrj` - Ir `lagt rjl xlplririkg kn dlxraig pjytikfkmidaf

pjlgk`lgkg kg a 82 jk|x dydfl' Lza`pfl - Tfllp& j|gmlx& lrd' Tiìfaxfy&

hfkkb pxltt|xl it ìgi`|` b|xigm tfllp agb àzi`|` ig rjl laxfy

`kxgigm jk|x'

Tlz - @aflt mlglxaffy ja~l a firrfl jimjlx TH_ rjag nlàflt'

Aml - H_ igdxlatlt }irj aml

2:


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Lzlxditl - Tl~lxl lzlxditl dag igdxlatl rjl TH_ rk at jimj at 1


50/187


Rjl bitdjaxml nxlq|lgdy it jimjlx }jlg rjl tytrl` it dkgtragrfy djagmigm

p|ftarifl pxltt|xl igtrlab kn dkgtragr pxltt|xl'

K|rp|r nxk` haxkxldlprkxt tlgbt timgaft rk rjl daxbik~atd|fax dlgrlx

da|tigm a xlb|drikg ig ty`parjlrid k|rp|r' Rjl bitdjaxml nxlq|lgdy kn rjl

haxkxldlprkxt rjlg tfk}fy bldxlatlt da|tigm ag igdxlatl ig ty`parjlrid

k|rp|r - rjit it ag lza`pfl kn a glmari~l nllbhadc fkkp rjar n|gdrikgt rk

trahifiul axrlxiaf hfkkb pxltt|xl ar a tlr pkigr'

Ti`ifaxfy bldxlatl ig hfkkb pxltt|xl da|tlt fltt trxlrdj kg rjl

haxkxldlprkxt }jidj tri`|farl rjl ty`parjlrid glx~lt& rjlxlhy igdxlatigm

rjl H_'

]jar it rjl dlgrlx ig rjl hxaig rk dkgrxkf rjl hfkkb pxltt|xl;

Daxbik~atd|fax dlgrlx - Rjltl axl igrlxdkggldrikg kn glx~lt pxltlgr ig rjl

`lb|ffa khfkgmara& }jidj dkgrxkft rjl n|gdrikg kn jlaxr agb bia`lrlx kn hfkkb

~lttlft'

Tdjl`arid biamxa` kn xlnflz dkgrxkf hy glx~k|t xlm|farikg


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Ti`ifaxfy }jlg H_ mklt bk}g& lzadrfy rjl kppktirl japplgt

]jar it Xlgig-Agmikrlgtig-Afbktrlxkgl Tytrl` *XAAT);

Tpldiafiulb dlfft axl fkdarlb ig rjl cibgly }jidj dag tlgtl rjl hfkkb pxltt|xl'

Rjltl axl dafflb e|zramfk`lx|fax dlfft' ]jlg rjl hfkkb pxltt|xl bxkpt& rjl

a`k|gr kn nifrlxlb Ga# aftk bxkpt' Rjl e|zramfk`lx|fax dlfft rjlg xlflatl ag

lguy`l dafflb xlgig'


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JY_LXRLGTIKG

]jar it jyplxrlgtikg;

Jyplxrlgtikg it blniglb at rjl t|traiglb igdxlatl ig hfkkb pxltt|xl ahk~l

gkx`af *18?+:? `` Jm)' Rjit igdxlatl it lirjlx b|l rk igdxlatl ig daxbiad k|rp|r

kx ig plxipjlxaf xltitragdl kx hkrj'

Ig `aekxiry kn rjl datlt ir it igdxlatl ig plxipjlxaf xltitragdl'

]jar axl rjl ~axik|t ryplt;

Jyplxrlgtikg it kn 8 ryplt -Lttlgriaf jyplxrlgtikg - Rjit addk|grt nkx 9? - 9


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T|traiglb igdxlatl ig Tytrkfid Hfkkb _xltt|xl 7 12? ``Jm agb + kx Biatrkfid

Hfkkb _xltt|xl 7 9? `` Jm'

Darlmkxy Tytrkfid hfkkb

pxltt|xl *`` Jm)

Biatrkfid hfkkb pxltt|xl

*`` Jm)

Kpri`af 618? 6:?

Gkx`af 614? 6:?, kx `kxl' H|r ig JN

parilgrt rjl LN dag hl fltt rjag >?,& tk`lri`lt at fltt at 1?-12


65/187


rjl xlàigblx kn rjl hkby bklt gkr xldli~l lgk|mj kzymlg ltpldiaffy }jlg

lzlxditigm' Rjit xlt|frt ig narim|l'

Ig abbirikg& rjl pxltt|xl ig rjl ~ligt kn rjl f|gm igdxlatlt& }jidj ày da|tl nf|ib

add|`|farikg ig rjl f|gm' Rjit xlt|frt ig tjkxrgltt kn hxlarj agb p|f`kgaxy

lblà'

Dk``kg da|tlt kn flnr-tiblb naif|xl igdf|bl rjl nkffk}igm5

Jlaxr arradc

Djxkgid hfkdcamlt kn rjl jlaxr axrlxilt

Jimj hfkkb pxltt|xl

Lzdltti~l afdkjkf dkgt|`prikg Flacigm kx gaxxk} jlaxr ~af~lt

Jypkrjyxkibit`

Jlaxr `|tdfl ignldrikgt

Agy krjlx bitlatl rjar baàmlt rjl jlaxr `|tdfl

Ig djifbxlg& dk``kg da|tlt igdf|bl jlaxr hixrj blnldrt t|dj at ahgkxàf jlaxr

~af~lt& ahgkxàf hfkkb ~lttlf dkggldrikgt& kx ~ixaf ignldrikgt'

]jar it ximjr-tiblb jlaxr naif|xl;

Ig ximjr-tiblb jlaxr naif|xl& rjl ximjr tibl kn rjl jlaxr fktlt irt p|`pigm adrikg agb

hfkkb ày hadc |p igrk krjlx axlat kn rjl hkby& pxkb|digm dkgmltrikg'

Dkgmltrikg annldrt rjl fi~lx& rjl matrxkigrltrigaf rxadr& agb rjl fi`ht'

Ig abbirikg& rjl jlaxr ày hl |gahfl rk p|`p hfkkb lnnidilgrfy rk rjl f|gmt'

Da|tlt kn ximjr-tiblb jlaxr naif|xl igdf|bl flnr-tiblb jlaxr naif|xl agb djxkgid f|gm

bitlatlt *t|dj at l`pjytlà)' Krjlx da|tlt igdf|bl dkgmlgiraf jlaxr bitlatl&

pxiàxy p|f`kgaxy jyplxrlgtikg *__J)& agb jlaxr ~af~l bitlatl'

>


66/187


]jar da|tlt jlaxr naif|xl;

Jlaxr naif|xl it da|tlb hy àgy dkgbirikgt rjar baàml rjl jlaxr `|tdfl&

igdf|bigm5

Dkxkgaxy axrlxy bitlatl rjl `ktr dk``kg da|tl kn JN it DAB' Rjit

kdd|xt }jlg a dkxkgaxy axrlxy hldk`lt t|bblgfy hfkdclb& trkppigm rjl

nfk} kn hfkkb rk rjl jlaxr `|tdfl agb baàmigm ir' Aff kx paxr kn rjl jlaxr

`|tdfl hldk`lt d|r knn nxk` irt t|ppfy kn kzymlg' A jlaxr arradc dag

baàml rjl jlaxr `|tdfl& xlt|frigm ig a tdaxxlb axla }jidj bklt gkr

n|gdrikg'

Axxjyrjìat Kgl kn rjl `ktr dk``kg da|tlt kn JN'

k Radjyaxxjyrjìat xlb|dl rjl ri`l kn ~lgrxid|fax niffigm xlt|frigm

àigfy ig biatrkfid JN'

k Hxabyaxxjyrjìa xlb|dlt rjl daxbiad k|rp|r'

Daxbik`ykparjy baàml rk rjl jlaxr `|tdfl nxk` da|tlt krjlx rjag

axrlxy kx hfkkb nfk} pxkhfl`t' Da|tlt igdf|bl ignldrikgt& afdkjkf kx bx|m

ah|tl'

Jlaxr naif|xl it aftk da|tlb hy dkgbirikgt rjar k~lx}kxc rjl jlaxr `|tdfl&

igdf|bigm5

Jimj hfkkb pxltt|xl *jyplxrlgtikg) Hfkkb pxltt|xl it rjl nkxdl kn hfkkb

p|tjigm amaigtr hfkkb ~lttlf }afft' Jimj hfkkb pxltt|xl `lagt rjl

pxltt|xl ig rjl axrlxilt it ahk~l rjl gkxàf xagml'

âf~l bitlatl a jlaxr ~af~l rjar it gkr }kxcigm pxkplxfy agb it lirjlx

flacigm kx hfkdcigm rjl gkxàf nfk} kn hfkkb'

Jlaxr blnldrt pxltlgr ar hixrj

Biahlrlt @lffir|t

Djxkgid cibgly bitlatl

>>


67/187


Jk} Jlaxr naif|xl bl~lfkpt kx parjkmlgltit kn jlaxr naif|xl

]jlgl~lx rjlxl it jlaxr naif|xl rjl k|rp|r it ja`plxlb' H|r rjl hkby af}ayt

rxilt rk àigraig jk`lktratit rjar it gkxàf k|rp|r' Rjit it bkgl hy adri~arikg kn

~axik|t tytrl`t' Rjltl axl-

1' Ty`parjlrid glx~k|t tytrl` *TGT)

8' Xlgig-Agmikrlgtig Afbktrlxkgl Tytrl` *XAAT)

4' Garxi|xlrid plpriblt' *AG_ . HG_)

Ty`parjlrid glx~k|t tytrl` Rjl bldxlatlb trxkcl ~kf|`l agb flabt rk

adri~arikg kn rjl haxkxldlprkxt rj|t tri`|farigm rjl TGT' Rjit da|tlt igdxlatl ig

pfatà dkgdlgrxarikg kn gkxlpiglpjxigl' GL igdxlatlt rjl nkxdl kn dkgrxadrikg

agb jlaxr xarl rj|t rxilt rk lgt|xl gkxàf daxbiad k|rp|r' H|r ig rjl fkgm x|g GL

ja~l rkzid lnnldr kg rjl jlaxr hy da|tigm `ykdaxbiaf jyplxrxkpjy *daxbiad

xl`kblfigm) rj|t }kxtlgigm daxbiad bytn|gdrikg'

Xlgig-Agmikrlgtig Tytrl` Ig jlaxr naif|xl igdxlatlb TGT adri~iry da|tlt

adri~arikg kn xlggig agmikrlgtig tytrl`' Rjit flabt rk

1' Igdxlatlb ~atkdkgtrxidrikg agb igdxlatl tkbi|` agb }arlx xlrlgrikg b|l

rk tri`|farikg kn afbktrlxkgl' Aff rjltl rxilt rk àigraig gkxàf H_ at }lff

at igdxlatlb hfkkb ~kf|`l rk lgt|xl pxkplx hfkkb nfk} rk aff ritt|lt' H|r

|friàrlfy ir ab~lxtlfy annldrt rjl parilgr at igdxlatlb hfkkb ~kf|`l

}kxtlgt rjl lblà }jidj it afxlaby rjlxl'

8' N|xrjlx kxl igdxlatlb ~atkdkgtrxidrikg igdxlatlt rjl anrlxfkab kg rjl

afxlaby naifigm jlaxr agb jat ab~lxtl lnnldrt'4' Agmikrlgtig II aftk `lbiarlt dlff|fax jyplxrxkpjy agb dkgrxih|rlt rk

pxkmxltti~l fktt kn `ykdaxbiaf n|gdrikg'

Garxi|xlrid plpriblt Arxiaf garxi|xlrid plpriblt *AG_) agb h-rypl garxi|xlrid

plpribl *HG_) axl lgbkmlgk|tfy mlglxarlb plpriblt }jidj axl tldxlrlb }jlg

>=


68/187


rjlxl it igdxlatlb arxiaf agb ~lgrxid|fax ~kf|`l b|l rk igdxlatl ig hfkkb ~kf|`l'

Rjly axl xlflatlb nxk` arxiaf agb ~lgrxidfl agb igdxlatlt rjl lzdxlrikg kn tkbi|`

agb }arlx agb bldxlatl rjl pxltt|xl kg rjl ~lgrxidfl hy bldxlatigm pxlfkab agb

anrlxfkab' Rj|t rjly axl jlfpn|f' H|r ig jlaxr naif|xl rjlix lnnldr it gkr at pk}lxn|f

at rjl TGT agb XAAT'

]jar axl rjl da|tlt kn Jlaxr Naif|xl;

Rjl àig da|tlt kn JN axl -

1' Igdxlatl Anrlxfkab

8' Igdxlatl _xlfkab

4' Baàml rk ykdaxbi|`

Jk} bklt jlaxr naif|xl bl~lfkp;

Rjit dag axitl b|l rk

Gaxxk}lb axrlxilt rjar t|ppfy hfkkb rk rjl jlaxr `|tdfldkxkgaxy axrlxy

bitlatl'

_atr jlaxr arradc& kx `ykdaxbiaf ignaxdrikg& }irj tdax ritt|l rjar igrlxnlxlt

}irj rjl jlaxr `|tdflt gkxàf n|gdrikgigm'

Flnr ^lgrxid|fax Jyplxrxkpjy'

Jimj hfkkb pxltt|xl'

âf~|fax jlaxr bitlatl b|l rk pxl~ik|t xjl|àrid nl~lx kx krjlx da|tlt'

_xiàxy bitlatl kn rjl jlaxr `|tdfl irtlfn& dafflb daxbik`ykparjy'

Dkgmlgiraf jlaxr blnldrt *hixrj blnldrt)

Ignldrikg kn rjl jlaxr ~af~lt agb+kx jlaxr `|tdfl irtlfnlgbkdaxbirit

agb+kx `ykdaxbirit'

]jar axl rjl ty`prk`t;

Rjl `ktr dk``kg ty`prk`t kn JN axl -

Bldxlatl ig daxbiad k|rp|r *Narim|l& bldxlatl ig lzlxditl dapadiry

>:


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_|f`kgaxy dkgmltrikg *Hxlarjflttgltt)

Tytrlìd ~lgk|t dkgmltrikg *Fi~lx lgfaxml`lgr& plxipjlxaf lblà)

T|bblg }limjr maig b|l rk add|`|farikg kn lzdltt nf|ib'

]jar it rjl dfattinidarikg kn jlaxr naif|xl;

GJYA dfattinidarikg kn Jlaxr Naif|xl

Dfatt I' _arilgrt }irj daxbiad bitlatl h|r }irjk|r xlt|frigm fiìrarikg kn pjytidaf

adri~iry' Kxbigaxy pjytidaf adri~iry bklt gkr da|tl |gb|l narim|l& pafpirarikg&

bytpgla kx agmigaf paig'Dfatt II' _arilgrt }irj daxbiad bitlatl xlt|frigm ig tfimjr fiìrarikg kn pjytidaf

adri~iry' Rjly axl dk`nkxrahfl ar xltr' Kxbigaxy pjytidaf adri~iry xlt|frt ig narim|l&

pafpirarikg& bytpgkla kx agmigaf paig'

Dfatt III' _arilgrt }irj daxbiad bitlatl xlt|frigm ig àxclb fiìrarikg kn pjytidaf

adri~iry' Rjly axl dk`nkxrahfl ar xltr' Fltt rjag kxbigaxy adri~iry da|tlt narim|l&

pafpirarikg& bytpgkla kx agmigaf paig'

Dfatt I^' _arilgrt }irj daxbiad bitlatl xlt|frigm ig igahifiry rk daxxy kg agy

pjytidaf adri~iry }irjk|r bitdk`nkxr' Ty`prk`t kn jlaxr naif|xl kx rjl agmigaf

tygbxk`l ày hl pxltlgr l~lg ar xltr' In agy pjytidaf adri~iry it |gblxraclg&

bitdk`nkxr igdxlatlt'

]jar axl rjl ~axik|t rxlar`lgr kprikgt;

1' Finl tryfl `kbinidarikgt - Hlb xltr& Lzlxditl& Bilr

8' Bx|m rjlxapy

a' ADL Igjihirkxt+ AXHt ig tlfldrlb parilgrt

h' Bi|xlridt

d' Hlra hfkdclxt

b' Bimkzig

4' T|xmidaf pxkdlb|xlt - Xlpfadl`lgrt kn ~af~lt& lrd'

>9


70/187


Dfigidaf rxiaf agb m|iblfigl hatit nkx dk`plffigm igbidarikgt nkx igbi~ib|af

bx|m dfattlt

=?


71/187


GLX^K\T TYTRL@

Rjl glx~k|t tytrl` it a glr}kxc kn tpldiafiulb dlfft rjar dk``|gidarl

ignkx`arikg ahk|r ag kxmagit`t t|xxk|gbigmt agb irtlfn' Ir pxkdlttlt rjit

ignkx`arikg agb da|tlt xladrikgt ig krjlx paxrt kn rjl hkby' Ir it dk`pktlb kn

gl|xkgt agb krjlx tpldiafiulb dlfft dafflb mfiaf dlfft *pf|xaf nkx` mfia) rjar aib ig

rjl n|gdrikg kn rjl gl|xkgt'

Rjl glx~k|t tytrl` it bi~iblb hxkabfy igrk r}k darlmkxilt5 rjl plxipjlxaf

glx~k|t tytrl` agb rjl dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl`'

Dlgrxaf Glx~k|t Tytrl`

Rjl dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl` *DGT) it rjl faxmltr paxr kn rjl glx~k|t tytrl`& agb

igdf|blt rjl hxaig agb tpigaf dkxb' Rjl tpigaf da~iry jkfbt agb pxkrldrt rjl tpigaf

dkxb& }jifl rjl jlab dkgraigt agb pxkrldrt rjl hxaig' Rjl DGT it dk~lxlb hy rjl

`lgigmlt& a rjxll faylxlb pxkrldri~l dkar'

=1

Hxaig

Dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl`glx~k|t tytrl`

Tpigaf dkxb

Nkxl Hxaig @ib Hxaig Jigb Hxaig

Dlxlhx|`&Rjafa`|t

Jypkrjafa`|t

_kgt @lb|ffa

Dlxlhlff|`


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Dlxlhlx|` - Dlxlhlx|` it dkgtiblxlb at tlar kn igrlffimlgdl . bl~lfkp igrk

rjl flnr agb ximjr dlxlhxaf jlìtpjlxlt'

flnr tibl dkgrxkft ximjr tibl kn hkby

ximjr tibl dkgrxkft flnr tibl kn hkby

Dlxlhlx|` jat nk|x fkhlt' Rjly axl5

1' Nxkgraf fkhl5 @l`kxy Nkxàrikg& L`krikgt& Blditikg àcigm Xlatkgigm

. _lxtkgafiry'

8' Kddipiraf fkhl5 Irt pxiàxy n|gdrikg it rjl pxkdlttigm&

igrlmxarikg&Igrlxpxlrarikg kn ÎTIKG agb ~it|af tri`|fi'

4' _axilraf fkhl5 Tlgtlt agb igrlmxarlt tlgtarikgt) Tpariaf a}axlgltt agb

_lxdlprikg'*A}axlgltt kn hkby ig tpadl agb ig xlfarikg rk ladj krjlx)

2' Rl`pkxaf fkhl5 Jlaxigm& Kxmagiuarikg kn fagm|aml' Ignkxàrikg Xlrxil~af

*@l`kxy agb @l`kxy Nkxàrikg)

N|gdrikgaf axla kn Dlxlhx|`5

Hataf Magmfia5

Rjl hataf magmfia *kxhataf g|dfli) axl a mxk|p kn g|dfli ig rjl hxaigt kn

~lxrlhxarlt& tir|arlb ar rjl hatl kn rjl nkxlhxaig agb trxkgmfy dkggldrlb }irj rjl

dlxlhxaf dkxrlz& rjafa`|t agb krjlx axlat'

Rjl hataf magmfia axl attkdiarlb }irj a ~axilry kn n|gdrikgt& igdf|bigm `krkx

dkgrxkf agb flaxgigm'

Rjl àig dk`pkglgrt kn rjl hataf magmfia axl rjl trxiar|`& paffib|`& t|htragria

gimxa& agb t|hrjafaìd g|dfl|t'

Rjl faxmltr dk`pkglgr& rjl trxiar|`& xldli~lt igp|r nxk` àgy hxaig axlat h|r

tlgbt k|rp|r kgfy rk krjlx dk`pkglgrt kn rjl hataf magmfia' Rjl paffib|`

xldli~lt irt `ktr i`pkxragr igp|r nxk` rjl trxiar|` *lirjlx bixldrfy kx igbixldrfy)&

agb tlgbt igjihirkxy k|rp|r rk a g|`hlx kn `krkx-xlfarlb axlat& igdf|bigm rjl paxr

=8


73/187


kn rjl rjafa`|t rjar pxkeldrt rk rjl `krkx-xlfarlb axlat kn rjl dkxrlz' Rjl

t|htragria gimxa dkgtitrt kn r}k paxrt& kgl rjar n|gdrikgt tiìfaxfy rk rjl paffib|`&

agb agkrjlx rjar pxk~iblt rjl tk|xdl kn bkpaìgl igp|r rk rjl trxiar|`'

Rjafa`|t5

Rjl rjafa`|t it a ìbfigl paixlb ty``lrxidaf trx|dr|xl }irjig rjl hxaigt kn

~lxrlhxarlt& igdf|bigm j|àgt' Ir it tir|arlb hlr}llg rjl dlxlhxaf dkxrlz agb

ìbhxaig& hkrj ig rlx`t kn fkdarikg agb gl|xkfkmidaf dkggldrikgt'

Irt n|gdrikg igdf|blt xlfayigm tlgtarikg& tpldiaf tlgtl agb `krkx timgaft rk rjldlxlhxaf dkxrlz& afkgm }irj rjl xlm|farikg kn dkgtdik|tgltt& tfllp agb aflxrgltt'

Jypkrjafa`|t5

Rjl jypkrjafa`|t it a pkxrikg kn rjl hxaig rjar dkgraigt a g|`hlx kn tàff

g|dfli }irj a ~axilry kn n|gdrikgt' Kgl kn rjl `ktr i`pkxragr n|gdrikgt kn rjl

jypkrjafa`|t it rk figc rjl glx~k|t tytrl` rk rjl lgbkdxigl tytrl` ~ia rjl

pir|iraxy mfagb *jypkpjytit)'

Rjl jypkrjafa`|t it fkdarlb hlfk} rjl rjafa`|t& e|tr ahk~l rjl hxaig trl`'Rjl

jypkrjafa`|t it xltpkgtihfl nkx dlxraig `lrahkfid pxkdlttlt agb krjlx adri~irilt

kn rjl A|rkgkìd Glx~k|t Tytrl`' Ir tygrjltiult agb tldxlrlt gl|xkjkx`kglt&

knrlg dafflb jypkrjafaìd-xlflatigm jkx`kglt& agb rjltl ig r|xg tri`|farl kx

igjihir rjl tldxlrikg kn pir|iraxy jkx`kglt' Rjl jypkrjafa`|t dkgrxkft hkby

rl`plxar|xl& j|gmlx& rjixtr& narim|l& agb dixdabiag dydflt'

@ib Hxaig5

_kgt5

Rjl pkgt it a trx|dr|xl fkdarlb kg rjl hxaig trl`' Ir it dxagiaf rk *|p nxk`) rjl

`lb|ffa khfkgmara& da|baf rk *bk}g nxk`) rjl ìbhxaig& agb ~lgrxaf rk *ig nxkgr kn)

rjl dlxlhlff|`' Ig j|àgt agb krjlx hiplbt rjit `lagt ir it ahk~l rjl `lb|ffa&

=4


74/187


hlfk} rjl ìbhxaig& agb agrlxikx rk rjl dlxlhlff|`' Irt }jirl àrrlx igdf|blt

rxadrt rjar dkgb|dr timgaft nxk` rjl dlxlhx|` bk}g rk rjl dlxlhlff|` agb

`lb|ffa& agb rxadrt rjar daxxy rjl tlgtkxy timgaft |p igrk rjl rjafa`|t'

Jigb Hxaig5

@lb|ffa5

Rjl `lb|ffa khfkgmara it rjl fk}lx jafn kn rjl hxaigtrl`' Rjl `lb|ffa dkgraigt

rjl daxbiad& xltpixarkxy& ~kìrigm agb ~atk`krkx dlgrlxt agb blaft }irj

a|rkgkìd n|gdrikgt& t|dj at hxlarjigm& jlaxr xarl agb hfkkb pxltt|xl'

N|gdrikgt

Rjl `lb|ffa khfkgmara dkgrxkft a|rkgkìd n|gdrikgt& agb xlfayt glx~l timgaft

hlr}llg rjl hxaig agb tpigaf dkxb' Ir it aftk xltpkgtihfl nkx dkgrxkffigm tl~lxaf

àekx pkigrt agb a|rkgkìd n|gdrikgt kn rjl hkby5

xltpixarikg& hfkkb pxltt|xl

t}affk}igm& ~kìrigm

blnldarikg& |xigarikg

xlnflzlt

Dlxlhlff|`5

Rjl dlxlhlff|` *Farig nkxfirrfl hxaig) it a xlmikg kn rjl hxaig rjar pfayt ag

i`pkxragr xkfl ig `krkx dkgrxkf'' Rjl dlxlhlff|` bklt gkr igiriarl `k~l`lgr& h|r ir

dkgrxih|rlt mxlarfy rk dkkxbigarikg& pxlditikg& agb add|xarl riìgm' Rjlxl axl

gl|xaf parj}ayt figcigm rjl dlxlhlff|` }irj rjl `krkx dkxrlz *rjl paxr kn rjl

dlxlhxaf dkxrlz ig~kf~lb ig `krkx dkgrxkf) agb krjlx `k~l`lgr-mlglxarigm hxaig

axlat3 ir xldli~lt igp|r nxk` àgy tlgtkxy tytrl`t agb àgy krjlx paxrt kn rjl

hxaig agb tpigaf dkxb'

=2


75/187


Hlda|tl kn rjit nigl-r|gigm n|gdrikg kn rjl dlxlhlff|`& baàml rk ir bklt gkr

da|tl paxafytit& h|r igtrlab pxkb|dlt bitkxblxt ig nigl `k~l`lgr& lq|ifihxi|`&

pktr|xl& agb `krkx flaxgigm'

@krkx dkgrxkf tytrl`5

_yxaìbaf tytrl`5

Rjl pyxaìbaf tytrl` it a àekx `krkx tytrl` dk`pxitlb kn rjl azkgt rjar x|g

rjxk|mj rjl dkxridktpigaf agb dkxridkh|fhax rxadrt' Rjl dkxridktpigaf gl|xkgt axl

ig~kf~lb }irj rjl `k~l`lgr kn nigmlxt& jagbt& ax`t rkxtk& flmt& agb nllr' Rjldkxridkh|fhax gl|xkgt axl ig~kf~lb }irj rjl `k~l`lgr kn rjl gldc& nadl& kxaf

da~iry& agb faxygz' Baàml rk lirjlx rjl dkxridktpigaf kx dkxridkh|fhax rxadrt

ahk~l rjl fl~lf kn lnnlxlgr dxagiaf glx~l g|dfli }iff xlt|fr ig pxkhfl`t }irj rjl

`krkx adri~iry kg rjl kppktirl tibl'

=


76/187


Lzrxapyxaìbaf tytrl`5

Ig j|àg agark`y& rjl lzrxapyxaìbaf tytrl` it a gl|xaf glr}kxc fkdarlb ig rjl

hxaig rjar it paxr kn rjl `krkx tytrl` ig~kf~lb ig rjl dkkxbigarikg kn

`k~l`lgr' Rjl tytrl` it dafflb (lzrxapyxaìbaf( rk bitrigm|itj ir nxk` rjl

rxadrt kn rjl `krkx dkxrlz rjar xladj rjlix raxmlrt hy rxa~lfigm rjxk|mj rjl

(pyxaìbt( kn rjl `lb|ffa'

Rjl pyxaìbaf parj}ayt *dkxridktpigaf agb tk`l dkxridkh|fhax rxadrt) ày

bixldrfy igglx~arl `krkx gl|xkgt kn rjl tpigaf dkxb kx hxaigtrl` *agrlxikx

*~lgrxaf) jkxg dlfft kx dlxraig dxagiaf glx~l g|dfli)& }jlxlat rjllzrxapyxaìbaf tytrl` dlgrlxt axk|gb rjl `kb|farikg agb xlm|farikg

*igbixldr dkgrxkf) kn agrlxikx *~lgrxaf) jkxg dlfft'

Lzrxapyxaìbaf rxadrt axl djilnfy ig~kf~lb ig xlnflzlt& fkdk`krikg& dk`pflz

`k~l`lgrt& agb pktr|xaf dkgrxkf'

Fi`hid tytrl`5 Rjl fi`hid tytrl` it a tlr kn hxaig trx|dr|xlt igdf|bigm rjl

jippkda`p|t& a`ymbafa& agrlxikx rjafaìd g|dfli& agb fi`hid dkxrlz& }jidj

t|ppkxr a ~axilry kn n|gdrikgt igdf|bigm l`krikg& hlja~ikx& fkgm rlx` `l`kxy&

agb kfnadrikg'

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Rjl fi`hid tytrl` igdf|blt àgy trx|dr|xlt ig rjl dlxlhxaf dkxrlz agb t|h-dkxrlz

kn rjl hxaig' Rjl nkffk}igm trx|dr|xlt axl& kx ja~l hllg dkgtiblxlb rk hl& paxr kn

rjl fi`hid tytrl`5

A`ymbafa5 Ig~kf~lb ig timgafigm rjl dkxrlz kn `kri~arikgaffy timginidagr

tri`|fi t|dj at rjktl xlfarlb rk xl}axb agb nlax ig abbirikg rk tkdiaf

n|gdrikgt t|dj at àrigm'

Jippkda`p|t5 Xlq|ixlb nkx rjl nkxàrikg kn fkgm-rlx` `l`kxilt agb

i`pfidarlb ig àigrlgagdl kn dkmgiri~l àpt nkx ga~imarikg'

_axajippkda`paf myx|t5 _fayt a xkfl ig rjl nkxàrikg kn tpariaf `l`kxy

Digm|farl myx|t5 A|rkgkìd n|gdrikgt xlm|farigm jlaxr xarl& hfkkb pxltt|xl

agb dkmgiri~l agb arrlgrikgaf pxkdlttigm

Nkxgiz5 daxxilt timgaft nxk` rjl jippkda`p|t rk rjl à`ìffaxy hkbilt

agb tlpraf g|dfli'

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78/187


Jypkrjafa`|t5 Xlm|farlt rjl a|rkgkìd glx~k|t tytrl` ~ia jkx`kgl

pxkb|drikg agb xlflatl' Annldrt agb xlm|farlt hfkkb pxltt|xl& jlaxr xarl&

j|gmlx& rjixtr& tlz|af axk|taf& agb rjl tfllp+}acl dydfl'

Jitrkfkmy kn Glx~k|t ritt|l5

Aff fi~igm dlfft ja~l rjl ahifiry rk xladr rk tri`|fi' Glx~k|t ritt|l it tpldiafitlb rk

xladr rk tri`|fi agb rk dkgb|dr i`p|ftlt rk ~axik|t kxmagt ig rjl hkby }jidj hxigm

ahk|r a xltpkgtl rk rjl tri`|f|t' Glx~l ritt|l *at ig rjl hxaig& tpigaf dkxb agb

plxipjlxaf glx~lt rjar hxagdj rjxk|mjk|r rjl hkby) axl aff àbl |p kn

tpldiafitlb glx~l dlfft dafflb gl|xkgt' Gl|xkgt axl latify tri`|farlb agb

rxagtìr i`p|ftlt ~lxy xapibfy' A glx~l it àbl |p kn àgy glx~l dlff nihxlt

*gl|xkgt) hk|gb rkmlrjlx hy dkggldri~l ritt|l'

N|gdrikgt kn Glx~l Ritt|l

Glx~k|t ritt|l affk}t ag kxmagit` rk tlgtl tri`|fi ig hkrj rjl igrlxgaf

agb lzrlxgaf lg~ixkg`lgr'

Rjl tri`|fi axl agafytlb agb igrlmxarlb rk pxk~ibl appxkpxiarl& dk-

kxbigarlb xltpkgtlt ig ~axik|t kxmagt'

Rjl annlxlgr kx tlgtkxy gl|xkgt dkgb|dr glx~l i`p|ftlt nxk` rjl tlgtl

kxmagt agb xldlprkxt rk rjl dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl`'

Igrlxg|gdiaf kx dkggldrkx gl|xkgt t|ppfy rjl dkggldrikg hlr}llg rjl

annlxlgr agb lnnlxlgr gl|xkgt at }lff at binnlxlgr paxrt kn rjl dlgrxaf

glx~k|t tytrl`'

Lnnlxlgr kx tkàrid `krkx gl|xkgt rxagtìr rjl i`p|ftl nxk` rjl dlgrxafglx~k|t tytrl` rk a `|tdfl *rjl lnnldrkx kxmag) }jidj rjlg xladr rk rjl

igiriaf tri`|f|t'

A|rkgkìd `krkx kx lnnlxlgr gl|xkgt rxagtìr i`p|ftlt rk rjl ig~kf|graxy

`|tdflt agb mfagbt'

=:


80/187


Rjl tkà it rjl dlgrxaf paxr kn rjl gl|xkg' Ir dkgraigt rjl g|dfl|t kn rjl dlff& agb

rjlxlnkxl it }jlxl `ktr pxkrlig tygrjltit kdd|xt'

Rjl blgbxirlt kn a gl|xkg axl dlff|fax lzrlgtikgt }irj àgy hxagdjlt& agb

`lrapjkxidaffy rjit k~lxaff tjapl agb trx|dr|xl it xlnlxxlb rk at a blgbxirid rxll'

Rjit it }jlxl rjl àekxiry kn igp|r rk rjl gl|xkg kdd|xt' Rjl blgbxirlt daxxilt

glx~l timgaft rk}axb rjl tkà'

Rjl azkg it a niglx& dahfl-ficl pxkeldrikg }jidj dag lzrlgb rlgt& j|gbxlbt& kx

l~lg rlgt kn rjk|tagbt kn ri`lt rjl bia`lrlx kn rjl tkà ig flgmrj' Rjl azkg

daxxilt glx~l timgaft a}ay nxk` rjl tkà *agb aftk daxxilt tk`l ryplt knignkxàrikg hadc rk ir)'

Rjl azkg rlxìgaf dkgraigt tygaptlt& tpldiafiulb trx|dr|xlt }jlxl

gl|xkrxagtìrrlx djlìdaft axl xlflatlb ig kxblx rk dk``|gidarl }irj raxmlr

gl|xkgt'

@ylfig

@ylfig it a bilfldrxid *lfldrxidaffy igt|farigm) àrlxiaf rjar nkx`t a faylx& rjl

`ylfig tjlarj& |t|affy axk|gb kgfy rjl azkg kn a gl|xkg' Ir it lttlgriaf nkx rjl

pxkplx n|gdrikgigm kn rjl glx~k|t tytrl`' Tdj}agg dlfft t|ppfy rjl `ylfig nkx

plxipjlxaf gl|xkgt& }jlxlat kfimkblgbxkdyrlt& tpldinidaffy kn rjl igrlxnatdid|fax

rypl& `ylfigarl rjl azkgt kn rjl dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl`'

N|gdrikg kn `ylfig faylx

Rjl àig p|xpktl kn a `ylfig faylx *kxtjlarj) it rk igdxlatl ig rjl tpllb ar

}jidj i`p|ftlt pxkpamarl afkgm rjl `ylfigarlbnihlx' Afkgm |g`ylfigarlbnihlxt&

i`p|ftlt `k~l dkgrig|k|tfy at }a~lt& h|r& ig `ylfigarlb nihlxt& rjly jkp kx

(pxkpamarl hy tafrarikg'(

:?


81/187


]jirl àrrlx

]jirl àrrlxit kgl kn rjl r}k dk`pkglgrt kn rjl dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl` agb

dkgtitrt `ktrfy kn `ylfigarlb azkgt' ]jirl àrrlx ritt|l kn rjl nxltjfy d|r hxaig

applaxt pigcitj }jirl rk rjl gaclb lyl hlda|tl `ylfig it dk`pktlb faxmlfy kn

fipib ritt|l ~liglb }irj dapiffaxilt' Irt }jirl dkfkx it b|l rk irt |t|af pxltlx~arikg

ig nkxàfbljybl

Rjl }jirl àrrlx it rjl ritt|l rjxk|mj }jidj `lttamlt patt hlr}llg binnlxlgr

axlat kn mxay àrrlx }irjig rjl glx~k|t tytrl`' \tigm a dk`p|rlx glr}kxc at ag

agafkmy& rjl mxay àrrlx dag hl rjk|mjr kn at rjl adr|af dk`p|rlxt rjl`tlf~lt&}jlxlat rjl }jirl àrrlx xlpxltlgrt rjl glr}kxc dahflt dkggldrigm rjl

dk`p|rlxt rkmlrjlx'

Mxly àrrlx

Mxly àrrlxit a àekx dk`pkglgr kn rjl dlgrxaf glx~k|t tytrl`& dkgtitrigm kn

gl|xkgaf dlff hkbilt& gl|xkpif *blgbxirlt agb hkrj |g`ylfigarlb azkgt agb

`ylfigarlb azkgt)& mfiaf dlfft *atrxkmfia agb kfimkblgbxkdyrlt) agb dapiffaxilt'

Rjl n|gdrikg kn mxly àrrlx it rk xk|rl tlgtkxy kx `krkx tri`|f|t rk igrlxgl|xkgt

kn rjl DGT ig kxblx rk dxlarl a xltpkgtl rk rjl tri`|f|t rjxk|mj djlìdaf

tygaptl adri~iry'

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82/187


Gl|xkrxagtìrrlxt

Gl|xkrxagtìrrlxt axl lgbkmlgk|t djlìdaft }jidj xlfay& a`pfiny& agb

`kb|farl timgaft hlr}llg a gl|xkg agb agkrjlx dlff'

GR dag hl bi~iblb igrk r}k dfattlt hatlb kg tiul' Rjly axl5

1' Tàff @kfld|fl GR-

1' Adlryfdjkfigl- Adj it lzdirarkxy ar tk`l tygaptl t|dj at

gl|xk`|td|fax e|gdrikg . ir it aftk igjihirkxy ar krjlx tygaptl at ir

tfk}t rjl jlaxr xarl'

8' Aìgk adibt- Mf|raàrl . Atpaxrarl ja~l pk}lxn|f lzdirarkxy

lnnldr' Jafn kn rjl lzdirarkxy gl|xkgt ig DGT dk``|gidarl ~ia

Mf|raàrl' Igadri~arikg kn Mf|raàrl kdd|xt ~ia xl|pracl'

4' MAHA- Ma`à aìgk h|ryxid adib . Mfydigl axl i`pkxragr

igjihirkxy GR' MAHA it àigfy nk|gb ig DGT . ig Tpigaf dkxb jafn kn

rjl tygaptl |tl MAHA . jafn |tlt Mfydigl'

8' Hikmlgid Aìglt- Dlxraig aìgk adibt axl `kbinilb . bldaxhkzyfarlb rk

pxkb|dl Hikmlgid aìgl' Rjly axl aftk cgk}g at darldjkfaìgl'

1' Gkx lpiglpjxigl- pfayt xkfl ig axk|taf& bxlaìgm . xlm|farigm rjl

`kkb'

8' Bkpaìgl- pfayt xkfl ig l`krikgaf xltpkgtlt& abbidri~l hlja~ikx .

pflat|xl lzplxilgdl' Bkpaìgl aftk jlfp ig àigraigigm rjl `|tdfl

rkgl'

:8


83/187


Gl|xkrxagtìrrlx . hlja~ikx5

Bkpaìgl5 bkpaìgl it a gl|xkrxagtìrrlx agb it nk|gb ig tl~lxaf axlat kn

hxaig& igdf|bigm rjl t|htragria gimxa . rjl ~lgrxaf rlm`lgraf axla' Bkpaìgl it a

gl|xkjkx`kgl xlflatlb hy rjl jypkrjafa`|t agb igjihirt pxkfadrig'

Bkpaìgl jat àgy n|gdrikg ig rjl hxaig& igdf|bigm i`pkxragr xkflt ig hlja~ikx

agb dkmgirikg& ~kf|graxy `k~l`lgr& `kri~arikg . xl}axb& igjihirikg kn pxkfadrig&

pxkb|drikg kn tfllp& `kkb& arrlgrikg&agb flaxgigm'

]jar bkpaìgl bklt;

Bkpaìgl ig Hataf Magmfia jlfpt ig `k~l`lgr * bldxlatlb fl~lf

da|tlt _B)'

Bkpaìgl ig nxkgraf fkhl jlfp ig dkmgiri~l n|gdrikg . bitkxblxt ig

rjit xlmikg }iff da|tl bldfigl ig gl|xkdkmgiri~l n|gdrikgt *`l`kxy&

arrlgrikg& pxkhfl` tkf~igm)'

Bkpaìgl ig fi`hid tytrl` xlm|farlt `kkb . hlja~ik|x'

Bkpaìgl jlfpt ig adq|ixigm gl} hlja~ik|x'

Bkpaìgl Xldlprkx Bara

Xldlprkx

T|hrypl

B1 B8 B4 B2 B

Flag hllnTjlffnitj Nk}fTky pxkb|drt

MAHA Trayigm daf`

Nxll nfkarigm agzilry&nllfigmt rjar rjigmt axldfktigm ig axk|gb yk|&|glzpfaiglb pagid

F-mf|raìglîraìg H>

Flag hlln .pkxc Tlta`ltllbt Nk}fT|gnfk}lxtllbt

Lgclpjafigt_tydjkfkmidafpaig xlfiln

Nllfigmt knigdk`pflrlgltt& fadc knn|fniff`lgr& nllfigmt knignlxikxiry& nllfigmt knigablq|ady& gl~lx nllft(lq|af&( nlaxn|f& igtld|xlnllfigmt

B-pjlgyfafagiglîraìg H> NkfidAdib

Tlankkb Nk}fFià hlagtJa`

'

9?


91/187


Bkpaìglxmid parj}ay

Bkpaìglxmid parj}ayt axl gl|xaf parj}ayt ig rjl hxaig }jidj rxagtìr rjl

gl|xkrxagtìrrlx bkpaìgl nxk` kgl xlmikg kn rjl hxaig rk agkrjlx'

Rjlxl axl limjr bkpaìglxmid parj}ayt& h|r rjl nk|x àekx kglt axl5

@ltkfi`hid parj}ay

@ltkdkxridaf parj}ay

Gimxktrxiaraf parj}ayR|hlxk ign|gbih|fax parj}ay

@ltkfi`hid parj}ay5

Rjit parj}ay kximigarlt ig rjl ~lgrxaf rlm`lgraf axla agb igglx~arlt tl~lxaf

trx|dr|xlt kn rjl fi`hid tytrl`& igdf|bigm rjl g|dfl|t add|`hlgdy'

Rjl `ltkfi`hid parj}ay it i`pkxragr nkx `l`kxy agb nkx `kri~arigm hlja~ik|xt'

Hy hfkdcigm rjit parj}ay& agriptydjkrid bx|mt xlb|dl rjl igrlgtl l`krikgt

da|tlb hy dkgbirikgt t|dj at tdjiukpjxlgia'

@ltkdkxridaf parj}ay 5

Rjl `ltkdkxridaf parj}ay aftk kximigarlt ig rjl ~lgrxaf rlm`lgraf axla& h|r

pxkeldrt rk rjl nxkgraf dkxrlz agb t|xxk|gbigm trx|dr|xlt'

@afn|gdrikg ig rjit parj}ay ìmjr hl rjl da|tl kn tk`l kn rjl ty`prk`t kn

tdjiukpjxlgia& t|dj at jaff|digarikgt agb bitkxblxlb rjigcigm'

@lbidarikgt rjar hfkdc rjit parj}ay xlb|dl ptydjkrid blfixi|`& h|r aftk xlb|dl

rjl k~lxaff adri~iry kn rjl nxkgraf fkhlt'

91


92/187


Gimxktrxiaraf parj}ay5

Gimxktrxiaraf parj}ay pxkeldrt azkgt nxk` rjl t|htragria gimxa rk rjl trxiar|`

*da|barl g|dfl|t agb p|ra`lg)& }jidj it ig~kf~lb ig `krkx dkgrxkf'

Blmlglxarikg kn rjl gl|xkgt ig rjit parj}ay it attkdiarlb }irj rjl rxl`hfigm agb

`|td|fax ximibiry ty`prkàrid kn _axcigtkgt bitlatl'

R|hlxkign|gbih|fax parj}ay5

Rjl r|hlxkign|gbih|fax parj}ay& }jidj dkggldrt rjl jypkrjafa`|t rk rjl

pir|iraxy mfagb& }jlxl ir ignf|lgdlt rjl tldxlrikg kn jkx`kglt t|dj at pxkfadrig'

_tydjiarxid Bitkxblxt

_tydjktit5

_tydjktit *nxk` rjl Mxllc (ptydjl(& nkx ìgb kx tk|f& agb (-ktit(& nkx

ahgkxàf dkgbirikg)' Firlxaffy `lagt ahgkxàf dkgbirikg kn rjl ìgb& agb it a mlglxid

ptydjiarxid rlx` nkx a `lgraf trarl knrlg bltdxihlb at ig~kf~igm a (fktt kn

dkgradr }irj xlafiry('

_lkpfl t|nnlxigm nxk` ptydjktit axl taib rk hlptydjkrid

Timgt agb ty`prk`t

_lkpfl }irj ptydjktit ày ja~l kgl kx `kxl kn rjl nkffk}igm5 jaff|digarikgt&

blf|tikgt& kx rjk|mjr bitkxblx& at bltdxihlb hlfk}'

98


93/187


Jaff|digarikg

A jaff|digarikg& ig rjl hxkabltr tlgtl& it a plxdlprikg ig rjl ahtlgdl kn a

tri`|f|t' Ig a trxidrlx tlgtl& jaff|digarikgt axl blniglb at plxdlprikgt ig a

dkgtdik|t agb a}acl trarl ig rjl ahtlgdl kn lzrlxgaf tri`|fi }jidj ja~l

q|afirilt kn xlaf plxdlprikg& ig rjar rjly axl ~i~ib& t|htragriaf& agb fkdarlb ig

lzrlxgaf kheldri~l tpadl'

Jaff|digarikgt dag kdd|x ig agy tlgtkxy `kbafiry ~it|af& a|birkxy& kfnadrkxy&

m|trarkxy& radrifl& pxkpxikdlpri~l& lq|ifihxikdlpri~l& gkdidlpri~l& agb

rjlx`kdlpri~l'

Ryplt kn jaff|digarikgt

Jaff|digarikgt ày hl àginltrlb ig a ~axilry kn nkx`t' âxik|t nkx`t kn

jaff|digarikgt annldr rjl binnlxlgr tlgtlt& tk`lri`lt kdd|xxigm ti`|fraglk|tfy&

dxlarigm `|fripfl tlgtkxy jaff|digarikgt nkx rjl parilgr'

A|birkxy jaff|digarikgt

A|birkxy jaff|digarikgt *aftk cgk}g at _axad|tia)& paxrid|faxfy kn kgl kx `kxlrafcigm ~kidlt& axl paxrid|faxfy attkdiarlb }irj ptydjkrid bitkxblxt t|dj at

tdjiukpjxlgia kx àgia& agb jkfb tpldiaf timginidagdl ig biamgktigm rjltl

dkgbirikgt& afrjk|mj àgy plkpfl gkr t|nnlxigm nxk` biamgktahfl `lgraf iffgltt

ày tk`lri`lt jlax ~kidlt at }lff'

Krjlx ryplt kn a|birkxy jaff|digarikg igdf|bl lzpfkbigm jlab tygbxk`l agb

`|tidaf lax tygbxk`l' Ig rjl farrlx& plkpfl }iff jlax `|tid pfayigm ig rjlix ìgb&

|t|affy tkgmt rjly axl naìfiax }irj'

Kfnadrkxy jaff|digarikgt

_jagrktìa it rjl pjlgk`lgkg kn t`lffigm kbkxt rjar axlgr xlaffy pxltlgr' Rjl

`ktr dk``kg kbkxt axl |gpflatagr t`lfft t|dj at xkrrigm nfltj& ~kìr& |xigl&

nldlt& t`kcl& lrd' _jagrktìa knrlg xlt|frt nxk` baàml rk rjl glx~k|t ritt|l

94


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ig rjl kfnadrkxy tytrl`' Rjl baàml dag hl da|tlb hy ~ixaf ignldrikg& hxaig

r|`kx& rxa|à& t|xmlxy& agb pkttihfy lzpkt|xl rk rkzigt kx bx|mt'

Jypgamkmid jaff|digarikg

Rjltl jaff|digarikgt kdd|x e|tr hlnkxl naffigm atfllp& agb annldr a t|xpxitigmfy

jimj pxkpkxrikg kn rjl pkp|farikg' Rjl jaff|digarikgt dag fatr nxk` tldkgbt rk

ìg|rlt& aff rjl }jifl rjl t|heldr |t|affy xlàigt a}axl kn rjl rx|l gar|xl kn rjl

iàmlt'

Blfixi|` rxl`lgt

Kgl kn rjl `kxl lgimàrid nkx`t kn ~it|af jaff|digarikg it rjl jimjfy ~axiahfl&

pkttihfy pkfy`kbaf blfixi|` rxl`lgt' Igbi~ib|aft t|nnlxigm nxk` blfixi|` rxl`lgt

ày hl amirarlb agb dkgn|tlb& ltpldiaffy ig rjl farlx tramlt kn rjit bitlatl'

Igtimjr it mxab|affy xlb|dlb }irj rjl pxkmxlttikg kn rjit bitkxblx' Tfllp it

bitr|xhlb agb kdd|xt nkx a tjkxrlx plxikb kn ri`l& }irj Xapib lyl `k~l`lgr

tfllp'

Blf|tikg

A blf|tikg& ig l~lxybay fagm|aml& it a nizlb hlfiln rjar it lirjlx naftl& nagdin|f& kx

blxi~lb nxk` bldlprikg' _tydjiarxy blniglt rjl rlx` `kxl tpldinidaffy at a hlfiln

rjar it parjkfkmidaf *rjl xlt|fr kn ag iffgltt kx iffgltt pxkdltt)' At a parjkfkmy& ir

it bitrigdr nxk` a hlfiln hatlb kg naftl kx igdk`pflrl ignkxàrikg& applxdlprikg&

iff|tikg& kx krjlx lnnldrt kn plxdlprikg'

Blf|tikgt rypidaffy kdd|x ig rjl dkgrlzr kn gl|xkfkmidaf kx `lgraf iffgltt& afrjk|mj

rjly axl gkr rilb rk agy paxrid|fax bitlatl agb ja~l hllg nk|gb rk kdd|x ig rjl

dkgrlzr kn àgy parjkfkmidaf trarlt *hkrj pjytidaf agb `lgraf)'

92


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Ryplt

' Tk`l kn rjl `kxl dk``kg blf|tikg rjl`lt axl

Blf|tikg kn dkgrxkf5 Rjit it a naftl hlfiln rjar agkrjlx plxtkg& mxk|p kn

plkpfl& kx lzrlxgaf nkxdl dkgrxkft kglt rjk|mjrt& nllfigmt& i`p|ftlt& kx

hlja~ikx' A plxtkg ày bltdxihl& nkx igtragdl& rjl lzplxilgdl rjar afilgt

adr|affy àcl ji` kx jlx `k~l ig dlxraig }ayt agb rjar rjl plxtkg

annldrlb jat gk dkgrxkf k~lx rjl hkbify `k~l`lgrt' Rjk|mjr hxkabdatrigm

*rjl naftl hlfiln rjar rjl annldrlb plxtkgt rjk|mjrt axl jlaxb afk|b)&

rjk|mjr igtlxrikg& agb rjk|mjr }irjbxa}af *rjl hlfiln rjar ag k|rtibl nkxdl&

plxtkg& kx mxk|p kn plkpfl it xl`k~igm kx lzrxadrigm a plxtkgt rjk|mjrt)

axl aftk lza`pflt kn blf|tikgt kn dkgrxkf'

Gijifitrid blf|tikg5 A blf|tikg }jktl rjl`l dlgrlxt kg rjl gkglzitrlgdl

kn tlfn kx paxrt kn tlfn& krjlxt& kx rjl }kxfb' A plxtkg }irj rjit rypl kn

blf|tikg ày ja~l rjl naftl hlfiln rjar rjl }kxfb it lgbigm'

Blf|tikgaf elafk|ty *kx blf|tikg kn igniblfiry)5 A plxtkg }irj rjit

blf|tikg naftlf

Date post:	30-May-2018
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