CHTP REVIEW: General Technology

Cihan “G-Han” Cobanoglu, Ph.D., CHTPUniversity of South Florida Sarasota-ManateeApril 7, 2011

cihan@cihan.org

HFTP

About Presenter• Professor at University of South Florida

Sarasota-Manatee (a.k.a Paraside)• Chair of AH&LA Technology Committee• Active with HFTP for 15 years

(e.g.CHTP Committee)• Editor of Journal of Hospitality &

Tourism Technology• Author of 5 textbooks + 200 articles

HFTP

Welcome to CHTP Exam!

• http://www.hftp.org/Pages/Certification/CHTP.aspx

HFTPWhat To Expect

Multiple Choice and True/False

4 Sections

250 – Choose most correct answer

75% Passing grade in each section

HFTPReview Topics

General Technology: Network Administration Emerging Technologies Telecom System Architecture

Targeted Technology: Facilities Club Applications Resort / Spa Marketing / Web Applications

Hotel Technology: Accounting / Payroll / HR Food and Beverage Lodging Applications

Managing Technology: Time and Attendance Systems General Management System Strategies System Analysis and Selection

HFTP

General TechnologySection One

HFTP

Poll Question

I plan to take CHTP exam:a) I do not plan to take itb) Within 3 monthsc) Within 6 monthsd) Within 1 year or more

HFTP

Poll Question

What is your MAIN functional area:a) Accounting/Financeb) Information Technology (IT)c) Accounting & ITd) Operationse) Other

HFTP

Network Operating SystemsA combination of programs,

gives some computers and peripherals the capability to accept requests for service across the network, and provide computers the capability to correctly use network devices.

HFTP

Poll Question

Which of the following is NOT an example of network operating systems?

a) Windows XP Home Editionb) Windows 7 Serverc) Novelld) Linux

HFTP

Network Operating Systems NT

Server 2003

Novell

Linux

UNIX (HP-UX= HP/s Unix AIX=Unix in France)

HFTP

The Operating /System Kernel File Management

Memory Management

Peripheral Control

Network Communication

HFTP

Connectivity Provides communications across a defined network Advantages Data Sharing Application Sharing Device Sharing Communications (packets)

Local Area Network (LAN) Wide Area Network (WAN) Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)

Network Design

HFTPNetwork Architecture

Definition: The technique used by a NIC/LAN adapter to control access to a cable and cable connectors.

HFTPNetwork Architecture

Two Types: Peer to Peer: client-based Client Server: server based Have a higher startup cost than

peer to peer networks; provide good control, backup, and management of critical data; offers security, data management, fast response and room for expansion, but DOES NOT need all the software installed on the server.

HFTPLAN

Definition: A configuration of workstations that enables users in the same office to share data, programs, and output devices (such as printers).

Cable Connections: Fiber, Twisted Pair, Coax, and Twinax

Twinax is not the recommended line for moving large data or video files.

Connection type and speed: 10Mbps, 100Mbps, 1000Mbps (Gigabyte)

HFTP

Poll Question

Which of the following cables is the fastest in terms of transmission speed of data?a) Fiber Opticb) Twisted pairc) Coaxiald) None of the above

HFTP

Twisted Pair

(a) Category 3 UTP.(b) Category 5 UTP.

18

HFTP

Twisted Pair

19

HFTP

Twisted Pair

20

HFTP

Coaxial Cable

A coaxial cable.

21

HFTP

Coaxial Cable

22

HFTP

Coaxial Cable

23

HFTP

Fiber Optic

24

HFTP

Fiber Optic

25

HFTPWAN

Definition: Multiple connection of computer networks, from building to building, city to city, state to state, and country to country utilizing DSU/CSU router.

• CSU/DSU: Channel Services Unit/ Data Services Unit. Is used to connect computers, video equipment, and multiplexors to digital phone lines.

HFTPWAN

Connections type and speed: ISDN (128Kbs)- Integrated Services Digital

Network offers the lowest overall circuit cost type of

service for connection of remote network sites to a central location.

T1* (1.5Mbps) and T3* (up to 45Mbps) The standard speed is NOT 100Mbps.

NOT Associated Technologies NIC’s, Repeaters, Hubs & Apple Talk

* These are U.S. centric terms

HFTPCorporate

orFranchisee

Level

HR, Payroll, ERP-G/L,Inventory Mgmt Systems

Web, e-Mail, and DNSservers

Firewall

(5)

Mgmt & UserWorkstations

StoreLevel

KitchenPrinters

Point-of-Sale

MgmtWorkstation Firewall

(7)

Site Server

ElectronicPaymentController

(4)

Home UserLevel

Home Computer

Da Internet

(1)(2)

(3)(5)

(6)

(1)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

VPN Router,Cable/DSL Modem

(2) 28

HFTPCorporate

orFranchisee

Level

HR, Payroll, ERP-G/L,Inventory Mgmt Systems

Web, e-Mail, and DNSservers

Firewall

(5)

Mgmt & UserWorkstations

StoreLevel

KitchenPrinters

Point-of-Sale

MgmtWorkstation Firewall

(7)

Site Server

ElectronicPaymentController

(4)

Home UserLevel

Home Computer

Da Internet

(1)(2)

(3)(5)

(6)

(1)

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

VPN Router,Cable/DSL Modem

(2)

Connection Type

29

HFTP

Connection type and speed• Telephone Cables 56Kbps• ISDN 128Kbs (Latency is lower)• T1 1.5Mbps • T3up to 45Mbps• Cable3.5Mbps • DSL 1.5Mbps • Fiber Optic 45Mbps- 2.5Gbps

30

HFTPNetwork Security

Network Login and Passwords Promptly change your password on initial

login for proper security procedures for user-level passwords

Single Sign-on Components of a single sign-on system

include authentication and a directory service.

HFTPNetwork Security

PGP - Pretty Good Privacy Software that implements public key

cryptology that requires a key pair of both a public key and a private key

SSL – Secure Socket Layer Is built upon Public key encryption, Digital

Signature, and Digital Certificates, but NOT Single Key system using substitution encryption.

To defeat SSL and PGP you would utilize Cryptanalysis, Reverse engineer of the implementation, and Pass phrase attack, but NOT insider security information.

HFTP

Encryption

Character + 2

33

HFTPDear Cihan,

Fgct Ekjcp,

Fgct Ekjcp,

Dear Cihan,

Source Destination

34CODE: Character + 2

HFTPNetwork Security

SNMP – Simple Network Management Protocol

an application layer protocol that facilitates the exchange of management information between network devices.

Network File Access controls security rights for users files

Biometric Technology Is capable of enhancing physical security

such as guest and employee entry.

HFTPFirewalls

Software and hardware that filters and secures

your private network, allowing only authorized

access and transmissions of your internal data.

HFTP

Malicious computer programs: Virus Unauthorized set of programmed code that

attaches itself to other programs. Worm Independent programs that may replicate itself

throughout the network. Trojan Horse Masquerades as a legitimate program but has

malicious software inside

Are computer bugs a virus??

Computer Viruses

HFTP

Poll

HFTPTCP/IP

TCP/IP – Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Is NOT a telecommunication communications protocol.

TCP Packets: Are numbered so they can be reassembled in the correct sequence

at the destination. Are transmitted over the network as capacity becomes available. Forwarded across the network separately and do not necessarily

follow the same route. Do not contain destination addresses only. Header information includes

Total length of the packet, destination IP address, Source IP address, and Error checking information. DOES NOT include sender’s login information.

HFTPTCP/IP

Packet Switching Checking for valid packets, destination address, best

route, assembling packets in order, but NOT for data compression.

Static verses Dynamic Addresses DHCP: Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is used

to assign dynamic IP addresses on an as-requested basis.

3 Classes of IP Addresses

HFTPIP Address Classes

Class A ###. xxx .xxx . xxx (ex. 26.x.x.x)

(1-126).(1-254).(1-254).(1-254)

Class B ### .###.xxx .xxx (ex. 172.16.x.x)

(128-191).(1-254).(1-254).(1-254)

Class C ### .###.###.xxx (ex. 192.168.1.x)

(192-223).(1-254).(1-254).(1-254)

IP Classes

HFTPParallel Transmission

Multiple channels to transmit several bits of data at a time

Timed pulses sent on other wires within the same cable to coordinate the flow of data

Parallel ports, parallel cable, user configuration of controller

Over short distances -LAN

HFTPSerial Transmission

Single channel to transmit bit by bit

Bits travel as a sequence over a single wire with start and stop bits to coordinate data flow

Serial cable, serial ports, user configuration of controller

Long distances - telephone transmission

HFTPModems

Converts on and off digital pulses of computer data into on-and-off analog tones that can be transmitted over a normal telephone circuit.

Uses:

Allow computers to communicate over distances

E-mail, internet, bulletin boards

Polling, file transfer, system support

HFTPToday’s Technologies

Smart Cards XML Bluetooth VPN VoIP HSIA ASP

HFTP

Smart CardsEmbedded micro chips

that store personal information, allow credit and commerce transactions, access to room and other information.

HFTP

Bluetooth

802.11x

3GGSM

GPRS

47

HFTP

XML – eXtended Markup LanguageLanguage that is not

constrained to a fixed format and allows trading partners to create their own data tags for information exchange, has become the standard for all markup language, provides data in a format that is easily exchanged & non-proprietary.

HFTPXML ExampleGuest Reservation<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<Reservation GuestName="Mr. Jim Smith"><GuestAddress>

<GuestStreet>123 Peachtree St.</GuestStreet> <GuestCity>Atlanta</GuestCity> <GuestState>GA</GuestState><GuestZip>30030</GuestZip><HomePhone>(404) 577-1234</HomePhone>

</GuestAddress><Payment Method="Credit Card">

<CardType>Visa</CardType> <CardNumber>4999 1234 5678 8901</CardNumber><ExpDate>2006-05-31</ExpDate>

</Payment><ReservationId>1654739</ReservationId><Property>NoTel Motel</Property><ReservationMade>2004-05-28T10:23:44</ReservationMade><CheckinDate>2005-21-06</CheckinDate><CheckoutDate>2005-24-06</CheckoutDate><NumOfNights>3</NumOfNights><BedType>King Size</BedType><Smoking>Non Smoking</Smoking><PillowType>Polyester Fill</PillowType><SpecialRequest>Godiva Dark Chocolate</SpecialRequest>

</Reservation>

HFTP

Bluetooth Distance Limitations 30 feet (10 meters)

New Technology Communications between

any electrically powered device or appliance

HFTPVPN – Virtual Private Network

Allow for secure connections that “tunnel” through the Internet to connect 2 private LAN’s or Computers, which reduces costs overall.

HFTPVoIP – Voice over Internet Protocol

Set of facilities used to manage the delivery of voice information over the Internet. VoIP involves sending voice information in digital form in discrete packets rather than by using the traditional circuit-committed protocols of the public switched telephone network

HFTP

HSIA – High Speed Internet Access Acceptable methods for providing HSIA

service to guest rooms: Wireless proximity Telephone network Electrical wiring system Cable system

HFTP

Bandwidth DSL ISDN Frame-relay T-1 T-3: OC-3/DS-3

HFTPASP – Application Service Provider

Is the server model in which hardware is housed and maintained off-site, yet users can access the application and data via a web-based Internet connection.

HFTPTelephone Switches

Trunking Trunk lines are defined as a telecommunications

line between 2 switching systems. Incoming call routing Uses caller ID Automatic Number Identification

(ANI) information to retrieve customer records from a database and send the records and call to a specific call center operator.

DeMarc The point where responsibility for telecom services

into a building transfers from the carrier to the end user organization.

HFTPTelephone Switches

Voice over IP Place voice and fax calls over internet

connections. Does not provide HSIA or In-room internet connectivity, hotel operators to receive free telephone services.

Automated Call Distributor (ACD) Useful for Reservations, PBX and Room Service

departments. ACDs would not be used to automatically generate

Express Checkout reports. Automatic check out is not a function of a

PBX system.

HFTP

Guest Room Telephones Features that may be included Data port sets 2 line capability ADA hearing impaired feature handset Hands free speaker phone capability One button dialing and redialing

HFTPDatabase Management Software

Allow users to catalog and store information for future use

Collection of related facts and figures designed to serve a specific purpose

Possible Uses: Preparing mailing lists for marketing and

promotional activities. Help managers sort through personnel records to

identify performance review dates for employees that correspond to the dates on which they were hired

HFTP

Database StructuresFiles organized in ways that facilitate

searching for data, updating data, and generating accurate, timely and useful reports for management.

HFTPFiles, Records, and Fields

Files “THE” Database i.e... Inventory, purchases, suppliers

Records individual information contains “key” field

Fields identified by type of info. Text, Calculated, Logical, Date, etc.

HFTPDatabase Structures

Hierarchical Resembles that of the root of a tree

Arranges Files, Records, and Fields Master Records and Subordinate Records Data inherit attributes, or rights, from it’s parent

Relational Tables are related to each other through key field

Tabular Structure Data appears only once and not replicated multiple times

Flat One Large Table (Flat File) Files are stand-alone collections of data.

HFTPData Management Concepts

Data Warehouse Collection of data from different sources Provides input for decision making The repository of all data Data is received and stored following specific validation rules

Data Mart Separate database designed for specific group of users

(e.g. marketing, group sales, etc.) Data is extracted from Data Warehouse to

protect its integrity

Data Mining Statistical and rule-based reasoning to find

patterns in data (e.g. forecasting occupancy) Should be performed against the Data Mart

HFTPOther Terms

File Server - Computer that controls the flow of information along a network and stores files created by application programs, has large storage hard drive with space to share, and provides the capability to simultaneously access the same file.

Application server - Enables several users to offload specialized tasks onto a shared computer.

Secondary storage devices - Refers to Hard drives, CD-RW, DVD-RW, Zip Disks, Removable storage devices, but NOT RAM.

High Availability - Options include Multi-processors, disk arrays, redundant power supplies, but NOT Spare Memory Modules.

HFTP

Thank you!

Any questions/comments:

Dr. Cihan Cobanoglucihan@cihan.orghttp://www.cihan.orgPhone: +1 (302) 897 1909