Circulatory & Respiratory Systems

Circulatory & Respiratory Systems

37-1 to 37-337-1 to 37-3

By the end of this lesson on circulation you should be able

to:

By the end of this lesson on circulation you should be able

to:1) Describe the structure of the circulatory

system 2) Compare and contrast arteries, veins and

capillaries2) Explain how nutrients and oxygen are

carried to your body cells3) Explain how wastes are removed from

your body cells4) Compare and contrast the three types of

blood cells

1) Describe the structure of the circulatory system

2) Compare and contrast arteries, veins and capillaries

2) Explain how nutrients and oxygen are carried to your body cells

3) Explain how wastes are removed from your body cells

4) Compare and contrast the three types of blood cells

What is it?What is it?

• Pumps and transports blood through a series of vessels in your body

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgI80Ue-AMo

• Pumps and transports blood through a series of vessels in your body

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PgI80Ue-AMo

Main Functions:Main Functions:

• Supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cells of your body

• Removes wastes from the cells of your body

• Works closely with what other system???

• Supplies oxygen and nutrients to the cells of your body

• Removes wastes from the cells of your body

• Works closely with what other system???

The HeartThe Heart

• Composed almost entirely of muscle

• Surround by a protective tissue called pericardium

• Myocardium – largest, middle tissue layer responsible for contractions

• Septum, or wall, divides the left and right heart separating the oxygen-rich & oxygen-poor blood

• Four chambers

• Composed almost entirely of muscle

• Surround by a protective tissue called pericardium

• Myocardium – largest, middle tissue layer responsible for contractions

• Septum, or wall, divides the left and right heart separating the oxygen-rich & oxygen-poor blood

• Four chambersContracts ~72/minute pumping ~70 ml each time

Heart ChambersHeart Chambers

• Atrium – thinner, upper chamber that receives the blood from the body or lungs

• Ventricle – lower chamber that pumps the blood out to the body or lungs

• blood flow

• Atrium – thinner, upper chamber that receives the blood from the body or lungs

• Ventricle – lower chamber that pumps the blood out to the body or lungs

• blood flow

Blood Circulation in the Body

Blood Circulation in the Body

Pulmonary Circulation - pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Systemic Circulation - pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

Pulmonary Circulation - pumps deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

Systemic Circulation - pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

What happens in the lungs?

CO2 waste leaves the blood and enters the lungs and O2 leaves the lungs and enters the blood vessels

Blood Circulation in the Heart

Blood Circulation in the Heart

• Flaps of connective tissue, called valves prevent blood backflow

• The pacemaker, a group of cardiac muscle cells, sets the pace of the hearts contractions

• pacemaker

• Flaps of connective tissue, called valves prevent blood backflow

• The pacemaker, a group of cardiac muscle cells, sets the pace of the hearts contractions

• pacemakerAverage Heart rate is 60-100 bpm. What is your resting rate?

Blood Circulation throughout the body

Blood Circulation throughout the body

• Arteries - large vessels that carry blood from the heart to the body tissues

• Capillaries -small, thickness of one cell; delivery system to all body tissues

• Veins - keeps blood moving back toward the heart; contain valves

• Arteries - large vessels that carry blood from the heart to the body tissues

• Capillaries -small, thickness of one cell; delivery system to all body tissues

• Veins - keeps blood moving back toward the heart; contain valves

What does blood pressure mean?

What does blood pressure mean?

• The force of blood on the walls of the arteries after the heart contracts

• 1st number - systolic pressure - force in the arteries when the ventricles contract

• 2nd number - diastolic pressure - force in the arteries when the ventricles relax

• Healthy is ~ 120/80

• The force of blood on the walls of the arteries after the heart contracts

• 1st number - systolic pressure - force in the arteries when the ventricles contract

• 2nd number - diastolic pressure - force in the arteries when the ventricles relax

• Healthy is ~ 120/80

Blood Blood

• A connective tissue containing dissolved substances and cells

• Collects oxygen from the lungs, nutrients from the digestive tract and wastes from tissues

• 4-6 liters in body• 55% plasma - water, dissolved

gases, salts, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, wastes and proteins

• A connective tissue containing dissolved substances and cells

• Collects oxygen from the lungs, nutrients from the digestive tract and wastes from tissues

• 4-6 liters in body• 55% plasma - water, dissolved

gases, salts, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, wastes and proteins

RED BLOOD CELLS - erythrocytes

RED BLOOD CELLS - erythrocytes

o Most of blood cellso Contain the red

colored hemoglobin - iron containing pigment that binds to O2

o Disc shaped cells that do not have a nucleus when mature (live an average of 120 days)

o Produced where???

o Most of blood cellso Contain the red

colored hemoglobin - iron containing pigment that binds to O2

o Disc shaped cells that do not have a nucleus when mature (live an average of 120 days)

o Produced where???

WHITE BLOOD CELLS - leukocytes

WHITE BLOOD CELLS - leukocytes

• Less common; without hemoglobin

• Guard against infection, fight parasites, and attack bacteria

• Contain nuclei & live longer

• Made where???

• Less common; without hemoglobin

• Guard against infection, fight parasites, and attack bacteria

• Contain nuclei & live longer

• Made where???

LymphocytesLymphocytes

• White blood cells that produce antibodies to destroy pathogens

• White blood cells that produce antibodies to destroy pathogens

What were platelets?What were platelets?

• Sticky cell fragments that form blood clots in areas where blood vessels are broken

• Signals proteins called clotting factors to stop the bleeding

• Sticky cell fragments that form blood clots in areas where blood vessels are broken

• Signals proteins called clotting factors to stop the bleeding

The Lymphatic System

The Lymphatic System

• A network of vessels, nodes, and organs that collects fluid that leaks from the blood vessels

• The nodes collect foreign microorganisms

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qTXTDqvPnRk&feature=related

• A network of vessels, nodes, and organs that collects fluid that leaks from the blood vessels

• The nodes collect foreign microorganisms

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qTXTDqvPnRk&feature=related

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By the end of this lesson on respiration you should be able

to:

By the end of this lesson on respiration you should be able

to:• Identify the function of the respiratory

system• Explain how the process of gas exchange

is involved in breathing• Explain how the nose, pharynx, larynx,

trachea, lungs and aveoli are involved in breathing

• Explain how the respiratory system works with other systems in order to maintain homeostasis

• Identify the function of the respiratory system

• Explain how the process of gas exchange is involved in breathing

• Explain how the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs and aveoli are involved in breathing

• Explain how the respiratory system works with other systems in order to maintain homeostasis

What is respiration?What is respiration?• The process of gas

exchange between the lungs and the environment

• CO2 (cellular respiration) waste is removed from the body and O2 is taken up by the body in the tissues of the lungs

• Why do our body cells need O2? Why hemoglobin?

• The process of gas exchange between the lungs and the environment

• CO2 (cellular respiration) waste is removed from the body and O2 is taken up by the body in the tissues of the lungs

• Why do our body cells need O2? Why hemoglobin?

Each breathe…Each breathe…1) Air enters through the mouth or nose2) Pharynx – passageway for air and food3) Larynx – contains the vocal cords4) Trachea – windpipe5) Bronchi – 2 passageways leading to the lungs6) Bronchioles – smaller divided passageways7) Alveoli – tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries

where gas exchange occurs

How is breathing controlled???Why mucus???Respiration

1) Air enters through the mouth or nose2) Pharynx – passageway for air and food3) Larynx – contains the vocal cords4) Trachea – windpipe5) Bronchi – 2 passageways leading to the lungs6) Bronchioles – smaller divided passageways7) Alveoli – tiny air sacs surrounded by capillaries

where gas exchange occurs

How is breathing controlled???Why mucus???Respiration

Label and trace the path of air

Label and trace the path of air

Inhalation and Exhalation Clip

Why in the world would you ever choose to smoke?

Why in the world would you ever choose to smoke?

GROSS ME OUT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!