Class Sarcopterygii (coelacanths, lungfishes)

• lobed fins

• bony supports to tips of fins

SUPERCLASS AGNATHAClass Myxini

Order Myxiniformes (hagfishes)Class Cephalaspidomorphi

Order Petromyzontiformes (lamprey)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Chondrichthyes Subclass Holocephali

Order Chimaeriformes (chimaeras) Subclass Elasmobranchii

9 orders (sharks, rays, skates)Class Sarcopterygii Subclass Coelacanthimorpha

Order Coelacanthiformes (coelacanths) Subclass Dipnoi

Order Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfish)Order Lepidosireniformes (S. American, African lungfish)

Class Actinopterygii - (rayfins, higher bony fishes) Subclass Chondrostei

Order Polypteriformes (birchirs, reedfish)Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons, paddlefishes)

Subclass NeopterygiiOrder Semionotoformes (Lepisosteiformes) (gars)Order Amiiformes (bowfin)

Division Teleostei35-38 orders (modern body fishes)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Sarcopterygii

Subclass Coelacanthimorpha

Order Coelacanthiformes (coelacanths)

• marine, deepwater species • spiral valve intestine• lobed fins homologous to tetrapod limbs• discovered in 1938 by Margaret Latimer• fossil forms in fresh, shallow waters

Latimeria chalumnae

SUPERCLASS AGNATHAClass Myxini

Order Myxiniformes (hagfishes)Class Cephalaspidomorphi

Order Petromyzontiformes (lamprey)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Chondrichthyes Subclass Holocephali

Order Chimaeriformes (chimaeras) Subclass Elasmobranchii

9 orders (sharks, rays, skates)Class Sarcopterygii Subclass Coelacanthimorpha

Order Coelacanthiformes (coelacanths) Subclass Dipnoi

Order Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfish)Order Lepidosireniformes (S. American, African lungfish)

Class Actinopterygii - (rayfins, higher bony fishes) Subclass Chondrostei

Order Polypteriformes (birchirs, reedfish)Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons, paddlefishes)

Subclass NeopterygiiOrder Semionotoformes (Lepisosteiformes) (gars)Order Amiiformes (bowfin)

Division Teleostei35-38 orders (modern body fishes)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Sarcopterygii

Subclass Dipnoi

Order Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfish)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Sarcopterygii

Subclass Dipnoi

Order Lepidosireniformes (African, S. Am. lungfish)

Ceratodontiformes Lepidosireniformes

(Australian) (S. American, African)body compressed cylindrical

pectoral, pelvic fins flipper-like filamentous

scales large small

gas bladder ("lung") unpaired paired

larvae no external gills with external gills

adults do not aestivate aestivate in dry season

(both) bladelike, crushing dermal ‘teeth’

Class Actinopterygii

• 50 % of known fishes• rayed fins• swim bladder

SUPERCLASS AGNATHAClass Myxini

Order Myxiniformes (hagfishes)Class Cephalaspidomorphi

Order Petromyzontiformes (lamprey)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Chondrichthyes Subclass Holocephali

Order Chimaeriformes (chimaeras) Subclass Elasmobranchii

9 orders (sharks, rays, skates)Class Sarcopterygii Subclass Coelacanthimorpha

Order Coelacanthiformes (coelacanths) Subclass Dipnoi

Order Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfish)Order Lepidosireniformes (S. American, African lungfish)

Class Actinopterygii - (rayfins, higher bony fishes) Subclass Chondrostei

Order Polypteriformes (birchirs, reedfish)Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons, paddlefishes)

Subclass NeopterygiiOrder Semionotoformes (Lepisosteiformes) (gars)Order Amiiformes (bowfin)

Division Teleostei35-38 orders (modern body fishes)

Birchir (Polypterus weeksi)• ganoid scales and scutes• (abbreviate) heterocercal tail• skeleton largely cartilaginous• intestine with spiral value

reedfish - pelvics absent; bichirs - pelvics present

Acipenseriformes – paddlefish, sturgeon

• ganoid scales (and scutes)• heterocercal tail• skeleton largely cartilaginous• intestine with spiral value

SUPERCLASS AGNATHAClass Myxini

Order Myxiniformes (hagfishes)Class Cephalaspidomorphi

Order Petromyzontiformes (lamprey)

SUPERCLASS GNATHOSTOMATAClass Chondrichthyes Subclass Holocephali

Order Chimaeriformes (chimaeras) Subclass Elasmobranchii

9 orders (sharks, rays, skates)Class Sarcopterygii Subclass Coelacanthimorpha

Order Coelacanthiformes (coelacanths) Subclass Dipnoi

Order Ceratodontiformes (Australian lungfish)Order Lepidosireniformes (S. American, African lungfish)

Class Actinopterygii - (rayfins, higher bony fishes) Subclass Chondrostei

Order Polypteriformes (birchirs, reedfish)Order Acipenseriformes (sturgeons, paddlefishes)

Subclass NeopterygiiOrder Semionotoformes (Lepisosteiformes) (gars)Order Amiiformes (bowfin)

Division Teleostei35-38 orders (modern body fishes)

Semionotiformes (Lepisosteiformes), Lepisosteidae

• ganoid scales• abbreviated heterocercal tail• intestine with spiral valve • lung-like gas bladder

longnose gar (Lepisosteus osseus)

Amiiformes, Amiidae

• ganoid scales• abbreviated heterocercal tail• intestine with spiral value • lung-like gas bladder

bowfin (Amia calva)