CLEANSED Innovative integrated methodology for

the use of decontaminated river sediments in plant nursing and road

buildingLIFE12ENV /IT/000652

Francesca Ugolini, Francesca Martelli, Francesco Sabatini, Luciano Massetti

Institute of Biometeorology, Firenze

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

• Growth monitoring through height measurement and pictures followed by elaboration of growth curve

• Physiological responses (leaf gas exchanges & photosystem efficiency, leaf water potentials)

• Soil respiration• Soil humidity in continuum and in vertical transect• Meteorological data analysis

LIST OF MONITORING ACTIONSMay-September (ongoing) 2015

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Climate data

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Growth curve

• Plants were pruned at the end of January 2015 • Measure of the longest branch for each plant

between June and September 2015• Average height for each species and each thesis• Relationship between plant growth data and

Growing Degree Days (GDD) °C

GDD d day of the year DOY (k=1, 1° January; k=90, 31° March )Tk Average air temperature day k if Tk>0 else 0

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Height measurements

a b a a b b a b c a b b a b b a b b

Significant differences between treatment within the same species by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni test at p < 0.05, indicated by small letters.

Growth

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

30 Jan 2015 8 Sept 2015

Growth curve

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Viburnum tinus

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

CTL T33

T50

Growth curve

Species T0 T33 T50V.tinus 1.61 2.12 2.23E. macrophylla 6.85 7.09 7.03P.x fraseri 6.06 6.31 5.66

Growth rate: cm / (100 GDD)

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES

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25/05/2015 09/06/2015 18/06/2015 26/06/2015 07/07/2015 14/07/2015 28/07/2015 12/08/2015

ET mmol H2O m-2 s-1 E. macrophylla

CTL

T33

T50b

aab

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aabb

aba

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25/05/2015 09/06/2015 18/06/2015 26/06/2015 07/07/2015 14/07/2015 28/07/2015 12/08/2015

PN μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 E. macrophylla

CTL

T33

T50

a

bab

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a

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GS mmol m-2 s-1 E. macrophylla

CTL

T33

T50

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a

b b

aab

0

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25/05/2015 09/06/2015 18/06/2015 26/06/2015 07/07/2015 14/07/2015 28/07/2015 12/08/2015

ET mmol H2O m-2 s-1 P. x fraseri

CTL

T33

T50a

bab

b

a

ab

b

a ab

ba a

0

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25/05/2015 09/06/2015 18/06/2015 26/06/2015 07/07/2015 14/07/2015 28/07/2015 12/08/2015

PN μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 P. x fraseri

CTL

T33

T50b

a

b

b

aab

0

50

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25/05/2015 09/06/2015 18/06/2015 26/06/2015 07/07/2015 14/07/2015 28/07/2015 12/08/2015

GS mmol m-2 s-1 P. x fraseri

CTL

T33

T50a

b bb

a

abb

aab

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ET mmol H2O m-2 s-1 V. tinus

CTL

T33

T50

aa

b baab

a

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abb

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a

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25/05/2015 09/06/2015 18/06/2015 26/06/2015 07/07/2015 14/07/2015 28/07/2015 12/08/2015

PN μmol CO2 m-2 s-1 V. tinus

CTL

T33

T50

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bb

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b

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ab

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GS mmol m-2 s-1 V. tinus

CTL

T33

T50aa

bb

aab

a

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bab

a

Eleagnus macrophylla L. Photinia x fraseri var. Red Robin Viburnum tinus L.

Evapotraspiration: sporadically higher in T50

Evapotraspiration: sporadically higher in T50

Evapotraspiration: more frequently higher in T50

Photosynthesis & Stomatal conductance: similar trend

between the substrates; sporadically higher in CTL

Photosynthesis & Stomatal conductance: similar trend

between the substrates

Photosynthesis & Stomatal conductance: more frequently

higher in T50

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSESPre-dawn potentials (4-5 a.m.)

The addition of phytoremediated sediments has effects only in Eleagnus and Viburnum.

Eleagnus changes response along the summer with better water state in presence of phytoremediated sediments

Viburnum has lower water potentials, especially in presence of phytoremediated sediments (T33)

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

009/06/2015 07/07/2015 12/08/2015Ψp (Mpa)

P. x fraseri

CTL

T33

T50

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

009/06/2015 07/07/2015 12/08/2015Ψp (Mpa)

E. macrophylla

CTL

T33

T50

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bb

aab

-0.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

009/06/2015 07/07/2015 12/08/2015Ψp (Mpa)

V. tinus

CTL

T33

T50a

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aa

b

PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSESMinimum Potentials (1-2 p.m.)

At the time of the maximum water stress, Photinia and Viburnum have shown different responses in presence of phytoremediated sediments.

Viburnum reached the lowest Ψmin in T33 (in August) whereas in T50 and CTL values were similar; Photinia also had lowest values in T33 (July and August) but inconsistencies are found in T50 and CTL.

Photinia and Viburnum tend to show a water stress condition in T33

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

-3

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

009/06/2015 07/07/2015 12/08/2015Ψmin (Mpa)

P. x fraseri

CTL

T33

T50a

bba ab

b

-3

-2.5

-2

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-1

-0.5

009/06/2015 07/07/2015 12/08/2015Ψmin (Mpa)

E. macrophylla

CTL

T33

T50

-3

-2.5

-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

009/06/2015 07/07/2015 12/08/2015Ψmin (Mpa)

V. tinus

CTL

T33

T50

a a

b

SOIL RESPIRATION

The addition of phytoremediated sediments increases soil respiration

(more aeration , microbiological activity , root development ?)

0.0

0.5

1.0

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2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5SR (gCO2 m-2 h-1)

CTL

T33

T50

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b

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September 10th, 2015. Murcia

LEAF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS (C. Garcia Izquierdo)

Microelements and heavy metals analysis (main results)In Red: results different from year 2014

N

C CTL & T33 > T50 in Eleagnus (range: 44.3-45.5 g/100g) Na CTL & T50 > T33 in Eleagnus & Viburnum & Photinia (range: 0.015-0.005 g/100g)

P CTL > T33 & T50 in Viburnum & Photinia (range: 0.12-0.08 g/100g)

Mo T50 & T33 > CTL in Viburnum & Photinia (range: 0.4-1.3 mg/Kg)N.S. in Eleagnus (range: ~100 mg/Kg)

CdT50 & T33 > CTL (tracce) in Viburnum & Photinia (range in Photinia: 0.4-0.6 mg/Kg; range in Viburnum: 3.2-5 mg/Kg).Tracce in Eleagnus

PbT33 > CTL in Photinia (range: <0.1-0.1 mg/Kg) ; T50 >T33 in Viburnum (range: 0.08-0.18 mg/Kg); N.S. in Eleagnus (range: 2.6-3 mg/Kg)

Ni T50 & T33 > CTL in Eleagnus (range: 2.3-22.1 mg/Kg);Range in Viburnum: 0.48-0.6 mg/Kg; tracce in Photinia

SrT50 > CTL in Photinia & Viburnum (range: 28-44 mg/Kg)N.S in Eleagnus (tracce)

ZnT50 > CTL in Photinia (range: 11-15 mg/Kg)T50 >T33 > CTL in Viburnum (range 21-34 mg/Kg)CTL > T50 in Eleagnus (range: 1-1.4 mg/Kg)

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Eleagnus macrophylla L.CTL T33 T50

N (g/100g) 2.51±0.31 2.46±0.28 2.69±0.39C (g/100g) 45.57±0.59 a 45.81±0.82 a 44.28 ±0.61 b

Al (mg/kg) 54.47±19.07 47.84±29.38 47.06±9.01 Ca (g/100g) 0.90±0.11 0.77±0.25 0.90±0.16 Mg (g/100g) 0.12±0.02 0.12±0.04 0.14±0.03

Fe (mg/kg) 52.57±6.79 c 56.93±13.30 ab 68.99±13.84 aK (g/100g) 1.63±0.26 1.51±0.31 1.68±0.23

Na (g/100g) 0.0076±0.002 a 0.0041±0.0008 b 0.0076±0.004 aP (g/100g) 0.12±0.01 0.14±0.03 0.14±0.02

S (g/100g) 0.15±0.03 0.16±0.03 0.17±0.02As (mg/Kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Be (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Bi (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5B (mg/Kg) 33.90±4.28 26.75±8.82 26.71±5.11

Cd (mg/Kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Co (mg/Kg) 54.47±19.07 47.84±29.38 47.06±9.01Cr (mg/kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Cu (mg/kg) 0.12±0.10 <0.1 0.11±0.16Li (mg/kg) 13.62±4.25 15.81±5.97 14.39±3.42Mn (mg/kg) 0.80±0.57 0.45±0.22 0.61±0.21Mo (mg/kg) 116.65±23.44 96.64±35.51 109.95±26.94Ni (mg/kg) 2.29±1.48 b 17.34±7.86 a 22.12±9.17 aPb (mg/kg) 2.80±0.84 2.60±0.84 3.01±0.75Sb (mg/kg) 0.12±0.10 0.13±0.10 0.09±0.04Se (mg/kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Sr (mg/kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Ti (mg/kg) 22.35±3.55 23.97±8.12 30.95±6.49Tl (mg/kg) 1.4±0.42 1.08±0.4 1.07±0.22V (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Zn (mg/kg) 1.41±0.42 a 1.08±0.40 ab 1.08±0.22 b

Viburnum tinus L.CTL T33 T50

N (g/100g) 1.44±0.07 1.37±0.09 1.46±0.12C (g/100g) 48.2±1.2 48.1±0.7 48±0.7

Al (mg/kg) 91.48±25.0 69.57±25.4 93.88±31.0 Ca (g/100g) 0.62±0.079 0.62±0.064 0.69±0.060 Mg (g/100g) 0.20±0.026 0.18±0.02 0.19±0.016Fe (mg/kg) 65.58±14.39 52.71±15.24 66.83±16.47K (g/100g) 1.36±0.17 1.31±0.07 1.36±0.08

Na (g/100g) 0.0141±0.0029 a 0.0040±0.0008 b 0.0153±0.0049 aP (g/100g) 0.12±0.012 a 0.10±0.013 b 0.11±0.012 b

S (g/100g) 0.108±0.010 ab 0.099±0.008 b 0.111±0.006 aAs (mg/Kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Be (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Bi (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5B (mg/Kg) 24.42±2.90 b 26.54±2.68 ab 30.36±4.34 a

Cd (mg/Kg) <0.1 b 3.22±0.94 a 4.97±1.10 aCo (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Cr (mg/kg) 37.99±52.18 75.79±46.69 63.20±52.17Cu (mg/kg) 9.54±5.70 6.77±1.65 8.77±3.82Li (mg/kg) 0.43±0.17 0.40±0.08 0.51±0.09Mn (mg/kg) 50.26±14.30 a 26.72±6.50 b 27.26±5.83 bMo (mg/kg) 0.44±0.19 b 0.89±0.25 a 0.78±0.22 aNi (mg/kg) 0.48±0.22 0.57±0.16 0.60±0.14Pb (mg/kg) 0.13±0.08 ab 0.08±0.04 b 0.18±0.10 aSb (mg/kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Se (mg/kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Sr (mg/kg) 27.81±4.89 b 31.50±4.04 ab 35.68±4.38 aTi (mg/kg) 2.42±0.59 2.05±0.66 2.75±0.90Tl (mg/Kg) 2.76±1.59 1.4±1.2 1.84±0.82V (mg/kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Zn (mg/kg) 21.06±2.76 c 26.89±2.55 b 34.51±2.09 a

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Photinia x fraseri CTL T33 T50

N (g/100g) 0.97±0.07 0.99±0.1 0.98±0.06C (g/100g) 46.3±0.57 46.4±0.9 46.2±0.7 Al (mg/kg) 55.84±8.84 58.22±10.30 64.91±23.54

Ca (g/100g) 1.02±0.15 1.08±0.26 1.06±0.21 Mg (g/100g) 0.19±0.018 0.17±0.015 0.17±0.019Fe (mg/kg) 30.64±3.45 33.97±5.16 32.98±5.79K (g/100g) 1.23±0.176 1.12±0.079 1.22±0.213

Na (g/100g) 0.01±0.003 a 0.005±0.002 b 0.011±0.005 aP (g/100g) 0.12±0.04 a 0.08±0.009 b 0.08±0.022 b

S (g/100g) 0.048±0.007 0.049±0.006 0.049±0.006As (mg/Kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Be (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Bi (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5B (mg/Kg) 24.17±4.61 22.85±2.68 29.61±8.62

Cd (mg/Kg) <0.1 c 0.40±0.09 b 0.56±0.16 aCo (mg/Kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Cr (mg/kg) <0.1 0.13±0.21 <0.1Cu (mg/kg) 4.34±1.10 6.12±1.69 4.66±2.29Li (mg/kg) 0.68±0.11 0.91±0.35 0.73±0.23Mn (mg/kg) 16.01±0.89 a 12.61±1.39 b 11.46±0.86 bMo (mg/kg) 0.41±0.18 b 0.97±0.31 a 1.28±0.45 aNi (mg/kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Pb (mg/kg) <0.1 b 0.1±0.06 a <0.1 abSb (mg/kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Se (mg/kg) <0.1 <0.1 <0.1Sr (mg/kg) 30.46±4.41 b 39.86±10.32 ab 43.61±11.43 aTi (mg/kg) 1.24±0.24 1.52±0.28 1.33±0.44Tl (mg/kg) 3.18±1.08 3.21±1.41 2.55±1.49V (mg/kg) <0.5 <0.5 <0.5Zn (mg/kg) 11.22±2.25 b 13.80±1.50 ab 14.78±2.65 a

Pending tasks (Actions C)

Measurement campaign still ongoing Missing analysis: Water Use EfficiencyPhotosystem efficiencyChlorophyll contentOverall data revision

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

IBIMET Budget situation

September 10th, 2015. Murcia

Mid Term ReportEstimated costs after midterm total cost Project Budget Amendment Difference

Personnel 114893.71 *35000 149893.71 146300 192800 46500Travel 2541.1 4000 6541.1 12500 12500 0External assistance

1403526000 40035 73720 61720 -12000

consumables 5688.4 4000 9688.4 54500 20000 -34500

*Cost of temporary contract, it doesn’t include permament staff costs

Next tasks and point of discussion

• Guidelines for the use of sediments in plant nursery: template?

• Video• Final meeting promoted by Tuscany?• Papers, review …

September 10th, 2015. Murcia