Co-Simulation of Computer Networks and
Power GridProf. Vincenzo Liberatore
Research supported in part by NSF CCR-0329910, Department of CommerceTOP 39-60-04003, Department of Energy DE-FC26-06NT42853, an OhioICE training grant, and the Wright Center for Sensor Systems Engineering.
Joint work with Prof. M. Branicky, Dr. A. Al-Hammouri, and D. Agarwal
Intelligent Power Grid
• Power grid– Essential to economy, national security, public health– Mostly designed and deployed prior to microprocessors,
computer networks– As a result, assets underutilized, subject to massive failures
• Objectives– Collaborative management, planning, and operations – Situational awareness and control– Plug-and-play asset integration– Market dynamics
• Reduce peak prices• Stabilize costs when supply is limited.
First step: Co-simulation
• Modelica (www.modelica.org)– Modeling and simulation of large-scale physical
systems– Several libraries (e.g., Standard, Power systems,
Hydraulics, Pneumatics, Power train)
• ns-2 (www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/)– Simulating routing, transport, and application
protocols over wired, wireless, local- and wide area networks
• Integrating state-of-the-art simulators
Integrating Modelica & ns-2
Electrical power systems• simulated using Modelica• DC & AC (abc & dqo)• generators, transmission lines, loads, machines, breakers & faults, …
Networks• simulated using ns-2
Configuration parametersT
rans
ient
dis
turb
ance
s
Voltage set point PI controller P controller
Voltage sensor
Tra
nsie
nt d
istu
rban
ce
Impedance loadRotational source PM generator
Symmetrical capacitor
Power sensor
Ground
Queued packets
Results (1)
• Multimedia application consumes only 0.25 Mbps of the 3 Mbps bottleneck link
Results (2)
• Multimedia application consumes 2.5 Mbps of the 3 Mbps bottleneck link
Conclusions
• Intelligent Power Grid– Situational awareness and distributed control
• Co-simulation– Joint simulation of networks and grid
dynamics– Integration and synchronization of simulators– Example with remote sensing of voltage,
network congestion
