11

Cohort Cohort Graduation Graduation

RateRateOctober 1, 2010

Jonathan Wiens, Assessment and AccountabilityGreg Houser, Student Learning and Partnerships

Oregon Department of Education

22

What is a Cohort?What is a Cohort? A cohort is a set of students who first enter A cohort is a set of students who first enter

high school (grades 9 to 12) during a high school (grades 9 to 12) during a particular school year. This is recorded as particular school year. This is recorded as their “high school entry year.” their “high school entry year.”

The cohort begins with the entering 9The cohort begins with the entering 9thth grade class in a school or district.grade class in a school or district.

Cohorts are continually adjusted by adding Cohorts are continually adjusted by adding students who transfer in and removing students who transfer in and removing students who transfer out.students who transfer out.

Dropouts are not removed from a cohort. Dropouts are not removed from a cohort.

33

What is a Cohort What is a Cohort Graduation Rate?Graduation Rate?

The four-year cohort graduation rate is the The four-year cohort graduation rate is the percent of students in a particular cohort percent of students in a particular cohort who graduate with a regular high school who graduate with a regular high school diploma within four years of 9diploma within four years of 9thth grade. grade.

The five-year cohort graduation rate is the The five-year cohort graduation rate is the percent of students in a particular cohort percent of students in a particular cohort who graduate with a regular high school who graduate with a regular high school diploma within five years of entering 9diploma within five years of entering 9thth grade.grade.

44

What is the cohort What is the cohort graduation rate formula?graduation rate formula?

Cohort Graduation Rates are calculated as:Cohort Graduation Rates are calculated as:

Four-Year Rate:Four-Year Rate:Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received

regular diplomas regular diplomas by the summer of their 4by the summer of their 4thth year year________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Number of students in the adjusted cohortNumber of students in the adjusted cohort

Five Year Rate:Five Year Rate:Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received Number of students in the adjusted cohort who received

regular diplomas regular diplomas by the summer of their 5by the summer of their 5thth year year______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Number of students in the adjusted cohortNumber of students in the adjusted cohort

55

What cohort graduation rates What cohort graduation rates has ODE produced?has ODE produced?

2005-06 Cohort 2005-06 Cohort – Four-year rate released in May 2010Four-year rate released in May 2010– Five-year rate released in April 2011Five-year rate released in April 2011

2006-07 Cohort2006-07 Cohort– Four-year rate released in April 2011Four-year rate released in April 2011– Five-year rate Five-year rate to be released March 2012to be released March 2012

2007-08 Cohort2007-08 Cohort– Four-year rate Four-year rate to be released March 2012to be released March 2012

How do cohort gradution rates How do cohort gradution rates compare to previously rates?compare to previously rates?

Oregon’s previous rate was the National Center Oregon’s previous rate was the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) graduation rate, for Education Statistics (NCES) graduation rate, based on a single year of dropout and graduation based on a single year of dropout and graduation data:data:

It did not take into account other student It did not take into account other student outcomes.outcomes.

– For example, modified diplomas were not included For example, modified diplomas were not included anywhere in the rate. Cohort rates include modified anywhere in the rate. Cohort rates include modified diplomas as non-graduates.diplomas as non-graduates.

66

DropoutsDiplomasRegular DiplomasRegular

Rate NCES

How is graduation included How is graduation included in Accountability?in Accountability?

77

School Year AYP Report Card

2008-09 NCES NCES

2009-10NCES and

4-year cohortNCES

2010-114-year and

5-year cohort, 4-year rate growth

AYP plus “Outstanding” if higher targets are

met

2011-12

4-year and 5-year cohorts,

4-year rate growth,Disaggregated

TBD

State Four-Year Cohort RatesState Four-Year Cohort Rates

88

SubgroupFour-Year Rates Five-Year Rate

2005-2006 Cohort

2006-2007Cohort

2005-2006Cohort

All Students 66.2% 66.4% 69.1%

Students with Disabilities 42.4% 41.8% 46.7%

Limited English Proficient 51.4% 49.7% 57.2%

Economically Disadvantaged 58.2% 59.8% 62.6%

American Indian/Alaskan Native 51.7% 50.3% 55.4%

Asian/Pacific Islander 78.5% 76.1% 80.7%

Black 47.7% 49.8% 52.6%

Hispanic 52.6% 55.2% 57.6%

White 70.1% 69.9% 72.4%

Cohort Graduation Cohort Graduation Rate PolicyRate Policy

99

1010

Federal PolicyFederal Policy

The U.S. Department of Education has required The U.S. Department of Education has required that states develop cohort graduation rates by that states develop cohort graduation rates by the 2010-11 school year.the 2010-11 school year.

Cohort rates must be included on 2010-11 school Cohort rates must be included on 2010-11 school report cards.report cards.

Disaggregated cohort rates must be used in Disaggregated cohort rates must be used in 2011-12 AYP determinations.2011-12 AYP determinations.

Federal regulations and guidance are detailed Federal regulations and guidance are detailed and prescriptive. Oregon has followed these and prescriptive. Oregon has followed these regulations in developing our cohort graduation regulations in developing our cohort graduation rate calculations.rate calculations.

How is a cohort rate produced?How is a cohort rate produced?

Determine students who first entered high Determine students who first entered high school in a given school year.school in a given school year.

Determine each student’s final outcome.Determine each student’s final outcome. Determine each students subgroup status.Determine each students subgroup status. Assign the students to their last resident Assign the students to their last resident

district and high school.district and high school. Remove students who transferred out.Remove students who transferred out. Among those that remain, calculate the Among those that remain, calculate the

percent who graduated with a regular percent who graduated with a regular diploma in the time allowed.diploma in the time allowed.

1111

1212

High School Entry Year RulesHigh School Entry Year Rules

High School Entry Year is determined by the first High School Entry Year is determined by the first year the student was enrolled in a high school year the student was enrolled in a high school grade (9-12) anywhere.grade (9-12) anywhere.

– For most students this is their 9For most students this is their 9thth grade school year. grade school year.– Entry Year does not change if a student repeats or Entry Year does not change if a student repeats or

skips a grade in high school.skips a grade in high school.– Entry Year does not change when a student transfers Entry Year does not change when a student transfers

between schools or districts.between schools or districts.– Students who transfer from out of state have their Students who transfer from out of state have their

Entry Year based on their first year in high school in Entry Year based on their first year in high school in the other state or country.the other state or country.

High School Entry Year in SSIDHigh School Entry Year in SSID

High School Entry year is recorded in the SSID High School Entry year is recorded in the SSID collect.collect.

Districts are required to submit a High School Districts are required to submit a High School Entry Year the first time a student’s SSID is Entry Year the first time a student’s SSID is updated to include a high school grade (9-12).updated to include a high school grade (9-12).

The entry year field is locked immediately.The entry year field is locked immediately.

Changes can be made only through an appeal to Changes can be made only through an appeal to ODE.ODE.

1313

1414

What are the possible What are the possible student outcomes?student outcomes?

All students are assigned an outcome:All students are assigned an outcome:1.1. Graduate: regular high school diploma.Graduate: regular high school diploma.2.2. Exempt: Transfer, move to home schooling, Exempt: Transfer, move to home schooling,

emigrate, or are deceased.emigrate, or are deceased.3.3. Other Completers: Received an Adult High School Other Completers: Received an Adult High School

Diploma, Modified Diploma, Extended Diploma, Diploma, Modified Diploma, Extended Diploma, GED, or Alternative Certificate.GED, or Alternative Certificate.

4.4. Continuing enrollment in the following year.Continuing enrollment in the following year.5.5. Completed four/five years without a credential Completed four/five years without a credential

and did not return.and did not return.6.6. Withdrew from school prior to the end of the Withdrew from school prior to the end of the

four/five-year window.four/five-year window.

1515

How is subgroup How is subgroup membership determined?membership determined?

Race/Ethnicity/GenderRace/Ethnicity/Gender– Based on student outcome record (or last Based on student outcome record (or last

enrollment record).enrollment record).

Students with disabilities, economically Students with disabilities, economically disadvantaged, limited English proficient, disadvantaged, limited English proficient, migrant, TAGmigrant, TAG– Based on whether the student was classified in Based on whether the student was classified in

these subgroups at any time during high these subgroups at any time during high schoolschool

Which students are included in the Which students are included in the Students with Disabilities Subgroup?Students with Disabilities Subgroup?

Definition Definition All students All students served by special educationserved by special education programs programs

during during any school yearany school year in which the student was in which the student was enrolled in a high school gradeenrolled in a high school grade..

Steps to identify the subgroupSteps to identify the subgroup A list of SSIDs is created, of students considered A list of SSIDs is created, of students considered

Students with Disabilities, from the Special Students with Disabilities, from the Special Education Data CollectionsEducation Data Collections

Students included in the Cohort, who are also on Students included in the Cohort, who are also on the Students with Disabilities list, are counted in the Students with Disabilities list, are counted in the Students with Disabilities subgroup.the Students with Disabilities subgroup.

1616

Students with Disabilities Students with Disabilities Subgroup -- Data CollectionsSubgroup -- Data Collections

Special Education Child CountSpecial Education Child Count All school-age students reported as eligible and receiving services. All school-age students reported as eligible and receiving services.

Cohort uses the SECC collections applicable to the years the Cohort uses the SECC collections applicable to the years the student was enrolled in high school.student was enrolled in high school.

Special Education June ExitSpecial Education June Exit All school-age students reported as exiting special education All school-age students reported as exiting special education

services. Cohort uses the collections applicable to the years the services. Cohort uses the collections applicable to the years the student was enrolled in high school.student was enrolled in high school.

Special Education Child FindSpecial Education Child Find This collection was not used in the cohort calculations.This collection was not used in the cohort calculations.

1717

1818

How are students assigned How are students assigned to districts and schools?to districts and schools?

DistrictDistrict: Students are assigned to the last : Students are assigned to the last district they were resident at during the district they were resident at during the cohort period. JDEPs are not eligible to be an cohort period. JDEPs are not eligible to be an accountable district.accountable district.

SchoolSchool: Students are assigned to the last : Students are assigned to the last high school they were resident at in their high school they were resident at in their last resident district. Students who never last resident district. Students who never resident at a high school (i.e., only were resident at a high school (i.e., only were resident at programs) are assigned only to resident at programs) are assigned only to the district.the district.

1919

When is a student When is a student removed from a cohort?removed from a cohort?

We remove students from an institution’s We remove students from an institution’s cohort if they:cohort if they:Transfer to another public high school in Oregon;Transfer to another public high school in Oregon;Transfer to a private school;Transfer to a private school;Leave for home schooling;Leave for home schooling;Transfer to a high school in another state;Transfer to a high school in another state;Emigrate; orEmigrate; orAre deceased.Are deceased.

2020

When is a student not When is a student not removed from a cohort?removed from a cohort?

The following situations do NOT transfer a The following situations do NOT transfer a student out of an institution’s cohort.student out of an institution’s cohort.A student drops out of school;A student drops out of school;A student transfers to an alternative program A student transfers to an alternative program within the district;within the district;A student transfers to a JDEPA student transfers to a JDEP

2121

Who is a “graduate” Who is a “graduate” in a cohort rate?in a cohort rate?

The cohort rate counts only regular high The cohort rate counts only regular high school diplomas as graduates. school diplomas as graduates.

The cohort rate counts as non-graduates The cohort rate counts as non-graduates modified diplomas, extended diplomas, modified diplomas, extended diplomas, adult high school diplomas, and GEDsadult high school diplomas, and GEDs..– Note: these students are not dropouts.Note: these students are not dropouts.

Federal guidance specifically forbids Federal guidance specifically forbids “cohort reassignment” based on IEP or LEP “cohort reassignment” based on IEP or LEP status.status.

2222

What about students who What about students who graduate early or late?graduate early or late?

Early graduates in a cohort are “banked” Early graduates in a cohort are “banked” and reported with their cohort.and reported with their cohort.– The four-year graduation rate for the 2006-07 cohort The four-year graduation rate for the 2006-07 cohort

includes all students who graduated by the end of their includes all students who graduated by the end of their fourth year. fourth year.

Students who graduate after the end of Students who graduate after the end of the time period are counted as non-the time period are counted as non-completerscompleters– Example: A student who graduates in her fifth year Example: A student who graduates in her fifth year

would be a non-graduate in the four-year cohort rate, would be a non-graduate in the four-year cohort rate, but a graduate in a five-year rate.but a graduate in a five-year rate.

2323

AYP for 2010-11AYP for 2010-11

Schools meet AYP graduation if:Schools meet AYP graduation if: The All Students subgroup meets the The All Students subgroup meets the

target of 65% for the four-year rate;target of 65% for the four-year rate; The All Students subgroup meets the The All Students subgroup meets the

target or 70% for the five-year rate; ORtarget or 70% for the five-year rate; OR The All Students subgroup shows The All Students subgroup shows

improvement in its four year rate.improvement in its four year rate.

Beginning with 2011-12 Beginning with 2011-12 all subgroups all subgroups will will also need to meet on graduation.also need to meet on graduation.

2424

Report Card for 2010-11Report Card for 2010-11

High Schools rated on graduation receive a High Schools rated on graduation receive a graduation rating of:graduation rating of:Outstanding: the All Students four-year Outstanding: the All Students four-year rate is at least 69% or the five-year rate is at rate is at least 69% or the five-year rate is at least 74%least 74%Satisfactory: The school received a “Met” Satisfactory: The school received a “Met” on AYP graduation.on AYP graduation.In Need of Improvement: the school In Need of Improvement: the school received a “Not Met” on AYP graduation.received a “Not Met” on AYP graduation.

2525

InformationInformation

Cohort Graduation Rate web page: Cohort Graduation Rate web page: http://www.ode.state.or.us/search/page/?id=2644

For more information on the Cohort Graduation For more information on the Cohort Graduation Rate, contacts are:Rate, contacts are:

Jon Wiens Jon Wiens

email: jon.wiens@state.or.usemail: jon.wiens@state.or.us

phone: 503 947-5764phone: 503 947-5764

Cynthia YeeCynthia Yee

email: cynthia.yee@state.or.usemail: cynthia.yee@state.or.us

phone: 503-947-5928phone: 503-947-5928