Cold

WarCOLD WAR

Could be dated between 1947 and 1991The division of Germany and the fall of the URSS

A conflict between the Capitalist Block and the Communist Block

Not to mix with USA X URSS

Spheres of Influence

COLD WAR

Capitalism and Communism are not compatible One can not live while the other survives What do they think of each other?

Communism Capitalism is injust and cruel It is in decline – 29 crissis Communism has no borders, all workers must be free

Capitalism Communism is antidemocratic The economy can not work Dictatorship If communism spreads it would harm the capitalist markets

COLD WAR

To conquer the wolrd During Cold War the great goal was to expand areas of

influence To spread capitalism or communism to as many countries as

possible War board game

Capitalist Coutries All western Europe, Canada and Japan

Communist countries Eastern Europe and China By the 1950’s 1/3 of the world’s population was communist

COLD WAR

The Ribbentrop – Molotov Pact The URSS kept many of those countries under its influence,

even after the war This caused disconfort between the big five

Great Britain specially wanted the independence of such countries so they could act as buffers and contain communism

Potsdam Conference Truman allies with Churchill against Stalin

COLD WAR

The division of Germany All countries annexed to Germany before and during the war

were set free The Potsdam conference divides Germany into 4 occupation

zones July, 1945  France in the southwest Britain in the northwest the United States in the south Soviet Union in the east

Forced migration Cruel conditions millions died

Berlin Was inside the URSS zone But was occupied by all 4 countries The wall was built in 1961

To divide west Berlin from East Berlin

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

Nato  North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOTANApril, 194928 countriesCollective defense"to keep the Russians out, the Americans in, and the Germans down.“

COLD WAR

Marshall Plan Secretary of State George Marshall European Recovery Program April 1948  $13 billion Economic aid to the broken economies of Europe after the war

An attempt to prevent communism from spreading Many countries had strong communist parties after the war

People were in miserable situation

 It offered the same aid to the Soviet Union and its allies 

but they did not accept it renewal of the transport system, modernization of industrial and agricultural equipment, restart of normal production, raising of productivity, and facilitating of intra-European trade.

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship,

Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance 1955 8 countries Complementary to the Council for Mutual Economic

Assistance (CoMEcon) A version of the Marshall Plan

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

COLD WAR

Cold War?Actually pretty hot!

Surrogate warsExternal Conflicts to the USA or the URSS that they engage in order to protect their spheres of influenceExamples

Vietnam or Afghanistan More than 150.000 americansoldiers died in Korea

COLD WAR

The Truman Doctrine March, 1947 Wherever there is a communism threat to the american interests, the Americanssecure their right to engage in wafare Greece and Turkey incident

"the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.“

The precedent needed of many of the surrogate wars such as Vietnam and Korea

COLD WAR

Armamentist Race Brinkmanship The cold war was about threatening the enemy To have enough weapons to be more or just as powerfulas the enemy There was a great investment in this sector and the creation of many new forms of destruction

Nuclear bombs, Hydrogen bombs Mass destruction weapons

Chemical and biological Vietnam

At some point there was enough armed power to destroy the planet Earth 36 times

COLD WAR

Economic Race Spheres of influence

To have more allies is a safe way to make more trade and also to secure the enemy will make less The embargo to Cuba Truman doctrine

COLD WAR

Technological Race Technology was essential to the cold war Economic development Creation of more terrible weapons Propaganda inside and outside the country Space race

Yuri Gagarin X Neil Armstrong

COLD WAR

Propaganda Spheres of Influence Olympics

Crazy race for medals Hollywood movies

Rambo 007

Internal propaganda and external propaganda Distortion of information

The communists are ugly, stupid and poor The capitalists are greedy, unhappy, souless

COLD WAR

McCarthyism U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy Second Red Scare

1950 to 1956  Persecution to so called communists in America demagogic attacks on the character or patriotism of political adversaries reckless, unsubstantiated accusations FBI spies

Targets entertainment industry

Hollywood black list Charles Chaplin

educators Union activists

COLD WAR