Cold
WarCOLD WAR
Could be dated between 1947 and 1991The division of Germany and the fall of the URSS
A conflict between the Capitalist Block and the Communist Block
Not to mix with USA X URSS
Spheres of Influence
COLD WAR
Capitalism and Communism are not compatible One can not live while the other survives What do they think of each other?
Communism Capitalism is injust and cruel It is in decline – 29 crissis Communism has no borders, all workers must be free
Capitalism Communism is antidemocratic The economy can not work Dictatorship If communism spreads it would harm the capitalist markets
COLD WAR
To conquer the wolrd During Cold War the great goal was to expand areas of
influence To spread capitalism or communism to as many countries as
possible War board game
Capitalist Coutries All western Europe, Canada and Japan
Communist countries Eastern Europe and China By the 1950’s 1/3 of the world’s population was communist
COLD WAR
The Ribbentrop – Molotov Pact The URSS kept many of those countries under its influence,
even after the war This caused disconfort between the big five
Great Britain specially wanted the independence of such countries so they could act as buffers and contain communism
Potsdam Conference Truman allies with Churchill against Stalin
COLD WAR
The division of Germany All countries annexed to Germany before and during the war
were set free The Potsdam conference divides Germany into 4 occupation
zones July, 1945 France in the southwest Britain in the northwest the United States in the south Soviet Union in the east
Forced migration Cruel conditions millions died
Berlin Was inside the URSS zone But was occupied by all 4 countries The wall was built in 1961
To divide west Berlin from East Berlin
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
Nato North Atlantic Treaty OrganizationOTANApril, 194928 countriesCollective defense"to keep the Russians out, the Americans in, and the Germans down.“
COLD WAR
Marshall Plan Secretary of State George Marshall European Recovery Program April 1948 $13 billion Economic aid to the broken economies of Europe after the war
An attempt to prevent communism from spreading Many countries had strong communist parties after the war
People were in miserable situation
It offered the same aid to the Soviet Union and its allies
but they did not accept it renewal of the transport system, modernization of industrial and agricultural equipment, restart of normal production, raising of productivity, and facilitating of intra-European trade.
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
Warsaw Pact The Warsaw Treaty Organization of Friendship,
Cooperation, and Mutual Assistance 1955 8 countries Complementary to the Council for Mutual Economic
Assistance (CoMEcon) A version of the Marshall Plan
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
COLD WAR
Cold War?Actually pretty hot!
Surrogate warsExternal Conflicts to the USA or the URSS that they engage in order to protect their spheres of influenceExamples
Vietnam or Afghanistan More than 150.000 americansoldiers died in Korea
COLD WAR
The Truman Doctrine March, 1947 Wherever there is a communism threat to the american interests, the Americanssecure their right to engage in wafare Greece and Turkey incident
"the policy of the United States to support free people who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures.“
The precedent needed of many of the surrogate wars such as Vietnam and Korea
COLD WAR
Armamentist Race Brinkmanship The cold war was about threatening the enemy To have enough weapons to be more or just as powerfulas the enemy There was a great investment in this sector and the creation of many new forms of destruction
Nuclear bombs, Hydrogen bombs Mass destruction weapons
Chemical and biological Vietnam
At some point there was enough armed power to destroy the planet Earth 36 times
COLD WAR
Economic Race Spheres of influence
To have more allies is a safe way to make more trade and also to secure the enemy will make less The embargo to Cuba Truman doctrine
COLD WAR
Technological Race Technology was essential to the cold war Economic development Creation of more terrible weapons Propaganda inside and outside the country Space race
Yuri Gagarin X Neil Armstrong
COLD WAR
Propaganda Spheres of Influence Olympics
Crazy race for medals Hollywood movies
Rambo 007
Internal propaganda and external propaganda Distortion of information
The communists are ugly, stupid and poor The capitalists are greedy, unhappy, souless
COLD WAR
McCarthyism U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy Second Red Scare
1950 to 1956 Persecution to so called communists in America demagogic attacks on the character or patriotism of political adversaries reckless, unsubstantiated accusations FBI spies
Targets entertainment industry
Hollywood black list Charles Chaplin
educators Union activists
COLD WAR