COMMON BLADDER DISORDERSKRISTIN LORIA

HISTORY Signalment – 4 year old female spayed Hound Presenting Complaint – Inappropriate

Urination Lab findings – None she just walked in your

door Possible Tests to rule out Ddx – Blood work

(CBC, Chem), urinalysis, urine culture, radiographs, Ultrasound

U/S Ddx – Calculi, tumors, cystitis(possible UTI)

CALCULI Radiopaque or radiolucent calculi are

seen as hyperechoic focal echogenicities that shadow in the dependent portion of the bladder

Are usually located in the dependent portion of the bladder but may adhere to the wall with severe inflammation

MILD CALCULI

MODERATE

SEVERE CALCULI

SEDIMENT Suspended with bladder agitation

CYSTITIS Typically Cranioventral Can be generalized if severe If the bladder is not fully distended the

wall may appear thicker

FOCAL CYSTITIS

CYSTITIS

EMPHYSEMATOUS CYSTITIS

EMPHYSEMATOUS CYSTITIS Infection with E. Coli Infection with Clostidium species Diabetes Mellitus The gas bubbles will follow the wall

contour Can be confirmed by radiographs –

lucencies associated with the bladder

 POLYPOID, CYSTIC PROTRUSION

POLYPS Polyps are rare Must be confirmed by biopsy Neoplasia more common

TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA

Trigone and Urethra

TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA

TRANSITIONAL CELL CARCINOMA Most common bladder tumor in dogs Focal wall thickening, could have

generalized thickness (diffuse tumor) Fixed mass extending into the lumen of

the bladder U/S guided catheter biopsy – lesion

pushed to catheter by transducer pressure or cystoscopy

Check iliac LN and thoracic rads

KEEP IN MIND To differential Ddx – remember moving

objects will settle to the dependent part of the bladder.

Dorsal in down, ventral is up. Sampling for TCC - No aspirates Inappropriate urination could be

behavioral, pollakiuria, PU/PD, stranguria (ask more questions to clarify)