By: Takhleeq AkhtarRoll No: BBHM-F15-014

Communication

We will see that:• What is Communication •Types of communication•What are disadvantages of informal

communication

In Today’s Presentation

DEFINITION:

Communication is the art of transmitting knowledge, ideas, information and thoughts from one person to another.

Communication

Types

Non Verbal Communication Verbal Communication

Non Verbal

Nonverbal Communication has been defined as communication without words. It includes apparent behaviors such as facial expressions, eyes, touching, and tone of voice.

Verbal

Verbal communication is the use of sounds and words to express yourself, especially in contrast to using gestures or mannerisms (Non verbal communication).

Forms of Nonverbal

•Eye Contact

• Facial Expressions

•Haptics or Touch

•Gestures

•Etc.

Eye Contact

• Eye contact, a key characteristic of nonverbal communication, expresses much without using a single word.

• Eye contact also establish the nature of a relationship.

Facial Expressions

• Facial expressions are the key characteristics of nonverbal communication. Your facial expression can communicate happiness, sadness, anger or fear.

Haptic or Touch

• Haptic communication is communicating by touch.

• Touch or Haptics is the characteristic of nonverbal communication and used when we come into physical contact with other people.

• For example: We use handshakes to gain trust and introduce ourselves.

Gesture

• A gesture is a characteristic of nonverbal communication in which visible body actions communicate particular message.

• Gestures include movement of the hands, face, or other parts of the body.

Types of Verbal

Formal Informal

A type of verbal presentation or document intended to share information and which conforms to established professional rules, standards and processes and avoids using slang terminology. The main types of formal communication within a business are:

• Upward or Bottom-up

• Downward or Top-down

• Horizontal or Lateral

• Crosswise or Diagonal

Formal

A casual form of information sharing typically used in personal conversations with friends or family members. Also known as Grapevine communication. Example: Sharing of feelings, casual discussion, gossips, etc.

The informal communication is of four types:

•Single Strand Chain

•Cluster Chain

•Probability Chain

•Gossip Chain

Informal

• Distort meaning: Something the meaning and the subject matter of the information is distorted in this system.

• Misunderstanding: Under this system, generally, the employees do not obey the formal authorization system. So it creates the opportunity to develop misunderstanding.

• Maintaining secrecy is impossible: In informal communication system maximum communication is made by open discussion. So it is impossible to maintain the secrecy of the information.

Disadvantages of informal communication

• Difficulty in controlling: Under informal communication system no established rules or policy is obeyed. So it is very much difficult to control the information.

• Non-cooperation: Informal communication system sometimes develops the adversary culture among the employees. So they are not to be cooperative with each other and their efficiency may be reduced.

• Spread rumor: In this system, the miss-information or rumor spread rapidly. The original information may be transformed to wrong information.

Disadvantages of informal communication

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