Date post: | 15-Apr-2017 |
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Healthcare |
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COMMUNICATION AND INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
P.JEYANTHIM.Sc(N) I Year
Apollo CON
TERMINOLOGY• Active listening• Assertiveness• Autonomy• Channel• Empathy• Environment• Feedback• Interpersonal communication• Message• Meta communication
• Nonverbal communication• Perceptual bias• Public communication• Receiver• Referent• Sender• Small group communication• Sympathy• Therapeutic communication
DEFINITION
“Communication is a process by which two or more people exchange ideas, facts, feelings, or impressions in ways, that each gains a common understanding of meaning, intent and use of a message.”
-PAUL LEAGENS
“Communication is an exchange of facts, ideas, opinions or emotions by two or more persons.”
-NEWMAN AND SUMMER
PURPOSES1. It is not logically contradictory.2. Should be expressed in terms of human
behaviour.3. Should be specific enough for us to be able to
relate it to actual communication behaviour.4. Should be consistent with the ways in which
people do communicate.
OBJECTIVESAwareness of informationAction informationContinuing informationUpdating information
FUNCTIONS OF COMMUNICATION• Knowledge management• Decision making• Coordinating work activities• Fulfils relatedness needs• Information• Education• Motivation• Instructions• Raising morale• Advice• warning
PRINCIPLES• Know your audience• Know your purpose• Know your topic• Anticipate objectives• Present a round picture• Achieve credibility with your audience• Follow through on what you say• Communicate little at a time• Present information in several ways• Develop a practical, useful way to get feedback• Use multiple communication technique• Communication is complex
PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION• SENDER --> MESSAGE --> VISUAL / ORAL / WRITTEN -->RECIPIENT
Setting Channel
Sender-Receive
r
Sender-ReceiverNoise
Setting Channel
Message-Feedback
Message-Feedback
Interference
Where
Response to each other
Ideas and feelings
People
Elements of Communication• Sender-Receivers
– the people• Messages
– ideas and feelings to be shared• Symbols ( something that stands for something else)
– verbal, concrete, abstract, nonverbal• Channels
– the route traveled by a message– sound and sight (listen and look at each other)– the media (radio, records, television, newspapers, magazines)
• Feedback– the response
• Noise– the interference
• Setting– Where the communication occurs
CHANNELS
•Visual•Auditory•Tactile
FEEDBACK
It’s the information that sender receiver about the receiver reaction to the message.
Communication is reciprocal in both sender and receiver must be involved
Types of communication
Based on• means of delivering the message• purposes of communication• the levels of communication• the patterns of communication
BASED ONMEANS OF DELIVERING THE MESSAGE
• Verbal–Spoken–Written–Tele–Electronic
• Non verbal– Touch– Eye contact– Facial expression– Posture– Gait– Gesture– Physical appearance– Sound– Silence
BASED ON PURPOSES OF COMMUNICATION
• Formal • Informal• Therapeutic
BASED ON LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
• Interpersonal communication• Intrapersonal communication• Transpersonal communication• Small group communication• Public communication
BASED ON THE PATTERNS OF COMMUNICATION
• One-way communication• Two- way communication• One-to- many communication• many-to-one communication
OTHER TYPES• Inter disciplinary communication• Therapeutic communicationInter disciplinary communicationHealth care team consists of the client and all
medical personal involved in providing care Its important that all health care team members
communicating each other regarding assessment, intervention, outcomes and client status.
Therapeutic communication Its use of communication for the purpose of
creating a beneficial outcome for the client. It facilitate the establishment of nurse client
relationship and fulfill the purpose of the nursing, Its purposeful and goal oriented as well defined
boundaries Client focus Non judgmental Its uses well planned and selected techniques
MODES OF COMMUNICATION
It occurs in a variety of ways through words, action or combination of words and action, they are
verbal messageNon verbal messageFacial expression verbal messageIt is communicated through words and language
either spoken or writtenVerbal messages are accompanied through
paraverbal [paralinguistic ] cues
FACILITATIVE COMMUNICATION
• Positive attitude about communication • Improving communication skill• Evaluate communication skill• Goal oriented communication• Approach communication as a creative
process• Accept the reality of miscommunication.
Others…..
• Clarity• Completeness• Conciseness• Concreteness• Correctness• Consideration
BARRIERS OF
COMMUNICATION
Physiological
Environmental
Psychological
Social
Cultural
Semantic
OrganizationalCommunication process
related
Barriers to therapeutic communication
• Language barriers • Cultural difference
TECHNIQUE OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
Conversational skill
Listening skill
Technical skill
EFFECTIVENESS OF COMMUNICATION
• Related to timing• Related to choice of channel• Related to message structure• Related to delivery• Related to mode
INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP
DYNAMICS OF IPR
Dyad
Group Triad
PURPOSES
• For individual• For nurses• For patients
TYPES
• Friendship• Family• Marriage• Professional relationship• Love• Brotherhood and sisterhood• Acquaintance
PHASES
• ORIENTATION• IDENTIFICATION• EXPLOITATION• RESOLOTION
BARRIERS
• PERSONAL• SITUATIONAL• SOCIOCULTURAL
JOHARI WINDOW
A MODEL of self awareness , personal development, group development and understanding relationship
JOHARI WINDOW• The Johari Window model was developed by
American psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham in the 1950's
• Interestingly, Luft and Ingham called their Johari Window model 'Johari' after combining their first names, Joe and Harry.
In early publications the word actually appears as 'JoHari'
JOHARI WINDOW – 4 REGIONS• Open Area -what is known by the person about
him/herself and is also known by others - open self, free area, free self, or 'the arena'
• Blind Area - what is unknown by the person about him/herself but which others know - blind area, blind self, or 'blind spot'
• Hidden Area - what the person knows about him/herself that others do not know - hidden area, hidden self, avoided area, avoided self or 'facade'
• Unknown Area -what is unknown by the person about him/herself and is also unknown by others - unknown area or unknown self
Questions.…