community salud

© 2013 Estefany Franco

All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means without the prior written permission of the copyright owner of this book.

First Printing, 2013

ISBN:

c o n t e n t sAcknowledgements

Introduction

Precedents

Site

Climate

Program

Design Process

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a c k n o w l e d g m e n t s

Thanks to:

My mother, Ana Candido, for her unconditional love and support and my sister, Martha Franco, for her help and assurance. My thesis professor Sandy Stannard for her guidance and advice. And finally my friends for theirassistance and willingness to hear about my project and share their thoughts.

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I n t r o d u c t i o n A high percentage of obesity and diabetes in the Hispanic population propels a community recreation center project that revolves around creating a connection between education, culture, and healthy living. In a study done by the Center for Disease Control from 1998 to 2002, California had the highest rate of diabetes among younger Hispanics (ages 18-44). Moreover, in a study done in 2011 it was found that Hispanic Americans were 1.2 times more likely to be obese than Non-Hispanic Whites. Another study found that 78% of Mexican American women are either overweight or obese. With these numbers not seeing any type of drastic decline in the past couple of years it is important to recognize the urgency in generating change in this population. Ultimately, these facts showcase the importance of creating centers that promote healthier lifestyles. My goal is to design a recreation center that illustrates playfulness and preserves the Latino culture. People of color and low-income communities are affected by obesity in higher rates compared to their white counterparts. Consequently, socioeconomic and ethnic disparities affect access to healthy food, safe recreational facilities, and to health care. Although prominent neighborhoods have access to farmers markets and various other opportunities, communities of color rely on large supermarket chains and fast food franchises to supply their groceries. Not only is access to healthy options a concern but also breaking away from cultural traditions. Latinos tend to eat an abundance of fried, carb heavy, high sodium foods. Given the crucial role food plays in cultural retention, it is important to take into account how traditions and culture can be used to reeducate a population in healthy eating. Having a facility that is culturally competent allows the community to truly embrace it as more than just another healthy initiative.

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Community Salud [health] is an adaptive reuse proposal in the city of Pico Rivera that will serve as a community recreation center. More importantly, it has a high percentage of children that are either overweight or obese. Located near two elementary schools and a high school a couple of blocks away, the recreation center will directly serve the target population: families. The idea is that if one can educate the children they can then educate their family, which will ultimately create an enduring cycle of healthy living. Furthermore, the recreation center will be built with the intentions of becoming an extension of the school classroom by allowing schools to use the facilities to create enriching lessons on healthy living. Given that 43.7% of children in Pico Rivera are overweight or obese, this Community Center will not only provide youth but also adults with lasting lessons on healthy living by giving them access to vegetable gardens, cooking classes, and fitness classes.

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[precedents]9

A d a p t i v e R e u s e

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Cultural CenterDavid ClosesSantpedor, Spain950 sqm2011

With the addition of just a few opening the architect was able to transform an old convent that was falling apart into an attractive cultural center. What drew me to this project is the juxtaposition between the stone and the glass. The blending of these two materials is done beautifully and aspects like these I want to translate into my own design. Even with the addition of new elements the building still looks like it belongs together and does not look disjointed. This connection and moments of tension are components that I want to integrate into the design.

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E x p e r i e n c e

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Playground for Machida Kobato kindergartenEtre DesignJapan

Playfulness, imagination, movement are all things I want to achieve in my design proposal and this project by Etre design beautifully achieves this by creating a colorful interactive space. I want to be able to make the walls of the building interactive to motivate the children to move and play. This project also does a very good job of shading because the panels are movable so they can be adjusted throughout the day creating a comfortable environment.

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M a t e r i a l s

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Contemporary Art Museum Brooks + ScarpaNorth Carolina, USA22,300 sq ft2010

I choose this building because of its blending of old and new. The existing building is made of brick and the new addition is the folded panel roof that creates a dramatic entrance. For this design proposal I also want to create an attractive entrance that draws people in and becomes and iconic symbol for the community. I love how the white folded roof contrast against the brick, which is the same feeling that I want to achieve in my design.

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[site]17

“Many American cities are also unhealthy by

design. The infrastructure

we’ve built keeps us in our

cars longer and discourages us from walking or

biking” -PBS Reshaping Suburbia

The Fight Against Childhood Obesity

Currently the site has an existing elementary school that is no longer being used for that purpose but instead as an adult school. The immediate surrounding context of the site includes a park, a senior center, a public library, and two elementary schools. Having all of these community amenities so close to the site provides for that pull needed to create that connection to the community. With the large majority of the population of the city being Hispanic an important factor in designing the community center is to make sure that it represents the culture and values of the people.

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L.A County

L.A County

Pico Rivera

 

Latino  88%  

White  8%  

Asian  2%  

Other  2%  

Ethnicity  

Latino  

White  

Asian  

Other  

 

Latino  88%  

White  8%  

Asian  2%  

Other  2%  

Ethnicity  

Latino  

White  

Asian  

Other  

Ethnicity

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Ethnicity

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Play area

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School Entrance

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classrooms & cafeteria area26

Classroom hallway 27

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[mapping parks and bike paths ]Site

Parks/ School playgrounds

Community Garden

Bike Paths 28

N N

[mapping places of entertainment ]Site

Skate Park

Movie Theater

Bike Paths Shopping Centers

Public Transit 29

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[mapping fast food ]Site

Fast Food Restaurants

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[mapping grocery stores ]

Site

Grocery stores

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[climate]33

Temperature Range

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Wind Velocity Range

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Wind Rose

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Temp (HI) °F RH (LO) % Temp (LO) °F RH (HI) % January 68 43 48 84 February 69 45 49 86 March 70 51 51 87 April 73 52 54 86 May 74 55 57 87 June 78 61 60 88 July 83 61 64 90 August 84 64 64 89 September 83 60 63 88 October 79 56 59 87 November 73 46 52 85 December 68 38 47 82  

Psychrometric Chart

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[climate strategies & guidelines]

Building can be ventilated and/or cooled by taking advantage of naturally occurring wind currents.

Window openings located perpendicular to prevailing winds, and coupled with openings on the opposite side of a space or building, will provide natural ventilation for fresh air and/or space cooling. Adequate cross ventilation will remove heat from a space or building and maintain indoor air temperature approximately 2.7 F above the outdoor air temperature.

Guidelines for cross ventilation -Locate inlet openings perpendicular to the prevailing winds.-Locate outlet openings on the opposite side of inlet openings, and make them equal to, or greater in size than, the inlet openings.

Maintain an unobstructed path between inlet and outlet openings for adequate airflow.2030 Palette

Cross Ventilation

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During warm summer months, overhangs block unwanted direct sunlight from solar glazing, reducing, cooling loads.

Exterior horizontal louvers can also be used to shade south glazing. Use the above guidelines to size the louver projection as a fraction of the distance between louvers.

In hot climates that do not require any heating, extend overhangs, roof, or shading devices to cover the entire solar facade and adjacent outdoor living spaces. 2030 Palette

Shading

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Shielding the direct line of sight to the sun, or other concentrated bright light source, reduces the contrast between surfaces and prevent glare.

Direct sunlight on critical task areas and the presence of high brightness in the field of view, causes a high degree of contrast between surfaces or uncomfortable glare.

Block the direct line of sight to the sun using the following strategies;-East/West Glazing: horizontal or vertical louvers (internal or external)-Solar Glazing: light shelves or horizontal louvers-Other glazing vertical louvers2030 Palette

Daylight Control

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A building elongated in the east-west direction exposes the shorter east and west sides to maximum solar heat gain and high afternoon temperatures during warm months.

Design a building to take advantage of natural site energy flows by minimizing solar heat gain and allowing naturally occurring air currents to cool indoor spaces.

Shape a building so that it:-Is elongated in the east-west direction; and-Has a narrow floor plate for incorporating cross or stack ventelation.

Shade east and west walls and all glazed openings during the summer and make the roof a light color.2030 Palette

Orientation

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Energy Analysis

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[Southern California native plants]

plants that grow well in the shade

Mock OrangePhiladelphus

Meadow RueThalictrum

SnowberrySymphoricarpos

Coral bellsHuechera

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plants that grow well in full sun

Meadow RueThalictrum

Manzanita Arctostaphylos

SageSalvia

California lilacCeanothus

California Sunflower Encelia californica

Deer grassMuhlenbergia rigens

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plants that grow well in dry areas

FairydusterCalliandra

California fuchsiaEpilobium canum

Desert lavender Hyptis emoryi

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Vegetable Garden

Cool season crops: -Carrots

-Parsnip-Radish-Turnips-Asparagus-Cabbage-Celery-Lettuce-Onion -Spinach

Warm season crops: -Tomatoes

-Cantaloupe-Watermelon-Corn-Squash-Snap beans

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[program]51

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community health

gatherlearnteach

gardeningcooking

physical emotionalnutritionexercise

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-Front Desk/Lobby_100sq ft

-Lounge_600sq ft

-Childcare_1,200sq ft

-2 Meeting rooms_800sq ft each

-Cafe: Kitchen

Dining Area

Stage

Total: 4,200sq ft

-Kitchen classroom: 2,000sq ft

-4 Dance studios/Exercise rooms_1,200sq ft each

-4 offices_150sq ft each

-3 Storage rooms_100sq ft

-4 Restrooms_400sq ft

-Mechanical Room_300sq ft

-Maintenance closet_100sq ft

-Gym_10,800sq ft

-Garden

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5’10’ 20’

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GYMKitchen & pantry

Restrooms

Group fitness studios

Future development

Offices

Locker rooms

Racquetball courts

Childcare

Fitness Zones-Weights -Circuit Training-Mat Area-Cardio-Stretching

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Rooftop running track

Rooftop vegetable gardens

Plaza

[community+ nutrition]

[fitness]

Program [community+ education+ fitness]

[community+ culture]

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B e f o r e

[site plan]60

A f t e r

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[design process]63

[sections]64

outdoor/indoor classroom

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Site models

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Expressively climate responsive

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[design charette]

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Interconnected

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Tension

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Biomimicry

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roof openings

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climbing wall

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Plaza shading

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section model

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gym

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rooftop track

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mosaic workshopMarshall Elementary School

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s o u r c e s2030 Palette. Web. 10 Dec. 2013. <http://2030palette.org/swatches/view/cross-ventilation/sra_pou_vocational_school_3.jpg>.

Algert, Susan J., Aditya Agrawal, and Douglas S. Lewis. “Disparities in Access to Fresh Produce in Low-Income Neighborhoods in Los Angeles.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 30.5 (2006): 365-70. Web. 26 Sept. 2013. <http://www. sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749379706000614>.

“Chalco Community Center / Solis Colomer Arquitectos.” ArchDaily. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.archdaily.com/381542/>.

Childhood Overweight and Obesity. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 10 July 2013. Web. 27 Sept. 2013.

“COMMONWEALTH COMMUNITY RECREATION CENTER BY MJMA | A AS ARCHITECTURE.” Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.aasarchitecture.com/2013/05/Commonwealth-Community-Recreation-Center-MJMArchitects.html>.

“Community.” Urban Farm. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.urbanfarmonline.com/community-building-and-resources/?navm=topcommunity>.

“Diabetes and Hispanic Americans.” The Office of Minority Health. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/content.aspx?lvl=3>.

Fruits High Potassium. Digital image. MySprintClub Track Club. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.mysprintclub.com/fruits-with-high-potassium/>.

“The Gary Comer Youth Center / John Ronan Architects.” ArchDaily. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.archdaily.com/189411/the-gary-comer-youth-center-john-ronan-architects/>.

It’s Going To Be Good. Digital image. Its Going To Be Good. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://itsgoingtobegood.word-press.com/2013/05/06/louises-diy-birthday-papel-picado/>.

“Lacnps.org - Planting Tips.” Lacnps.org - Planting Tips. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Mar. 2014. <http://lasmmcnps.org/plan-tingtips.html>.

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“Learn the Facts.” Obesity Prevention. N.p., 2014. Web. 21 Mar. 2014. <http://thelatrust.org/fact-check/>.

Miller Hull - Mercer View Community Center. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.millerhull.com/html/nonresidential/mercerview.htm>.

“Obesity and Hispanic Americans.” The Office of Minority Health. Web. 9 Dec. 2013. <http://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/templates/content.aspx?ID=6459>.

“Pico Rivera.” Mapping L.A. Web. 26 Sept. 2013.

“Slow Food Los Angeles.” Slow Food Los Angeles. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://slowfoodla.com/good-clean-fair/>.

“Slow Food USA Pushes For Healthy School Lunches | Organic Garden Project.” Organic Garden Project. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://organicgardenproject.com/blog/school-gardens/slow-food-usa-pushes-for-healthy-school-lunches/>.

“Student Poverty Data 2011-2012.” Student & School Data Files CA Dept of Education). Web. 27 Sept. 2013.

Sunset Community Association Strategic Plan 2013-2017. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.mysunset.net/>.

“Surry Hills Library and Community Centre / FJMT.” ArchDaily. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.archdaily.com/57339/surry-hills-library-and-community-centre-fjmt/>.

“Thebarton Community Centre / MPH Architects.” ArchDaily. Web. 12 Dec. 2013. <http://www.archdaily.com/365440/>.

“Urban Farming Is Growing a Green Future.” National Geographic. Web. 11 Dec. 2013. <http://environment.nation-algeographic.com/environment/photos/urban-farming/>.

“Vegetables & Sustainable.” The California Garden Web. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Mar. 2014. < http://cagardenweb.ucanr.edu/Vegetables/?uid=8&ds=462>.

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