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Competency Needs and Observed Societal and Practice Realities of Development and Social Workers:
Implications to Social Work Education in the Philippines in the era of ASEAN integration
Finaflor F. TaylanUniversity of the Philippines Open University
Research Objectives To identify competency needs of
development/social workers in terms of knowledge, skills, attitudes
To examine the practice realities of the Social Work profession and societal realities or conditions (including gender issues) that professionals face
To identify bridges and gaps between the Social Work education and competency needs of development/social workers and practice and societal realities
To develop recommendations on how Social Work education would appropriately respond to the practitioners’ competency needs and Social Work practice and societal realities
Framework
Results/ Findings
Practice Setting: Local government social welfare agency
Well compensated at work but not enjoying the allowances and privileges stipulated in Magna Carta
good working relationship; presence of co-employees who are difficult to handle or relate with because of attitude problem
Poor Management few technical staff; non social workers in social work
positions low budget for social welfare programs and services Politics Overwhelming workload
Clients served Clients/ Communities
ServedConditions or
ProblemsPrograms and Services
Families In difficult situation
(member of the family
is sick and
hospitalized)
Victims of disaster
Low income (below
poverty level
Assistance to
Individual in Crisis
Situation (AICS)
Emergency Relief
and Rehabilitation
Livelihood projects
Assist DSWD monitor SLP and 4Ps beneficiaries
Senior
Citizens
ID provision for benefit/ entitlements
Burial Assistance by virtue of
SP Ordinance #93
Assistance to Provincial
Federation of SC (meeting,
celebrations)
Shelter based program
Women Low income
and
participation
VAW
Case management Empowerment
Livelihood Assistance
Assistance to Provincial Federation
of Women Associations (capability
building, women’s month
celebration, honorarium,
provincial meeting
OSY Assistance to Provincial
Federation (capability
building)
Children Abused
children
(CNSP)
CICL
3-4 yrs old
Psychosocial intervention
ECCD/Day care service –
augmentation for honorarium of
day care workers, capability
building of day care workers
and municipal counterparts,
day care
projects-construction/rehab of
center, provision of
indoor/outdoor facilities.
Shelter based program Child protection
Practice setting: humanitarian organization Always on the go Strict HR policies Risks at work especially during
emergencies Fast turn over of staff
Clients served: Families and communities Conditions
poor health access to programs and services; and poor disaster preparedness
Community/government politics Programs
Disaster management Sanitation and water facilities
Practice Setting: International organization
Work conditions Good remuneration; international employees which are often
difficult to deal with; knowledge and skills in programme
management is a must
Clients served: women
Reproductive Health; Humanitarian, Population and
Development, Gender/Gender based violence
Practice setting: Auspice
Clients/ Communities
Served
Conditions or Problems Programs and Services
Terminally –
ill patients
Suffering of patient from
too much pain
Hospice and palliative care
Patient’s non-acceptance of
conditions
Counseling services and
spiritual care
Lack or limited knowledge
in coping with the medical
condition
Counseling services
Suicidal tendencies of
some patients
Counseling services
provided by volunteer
psychologist/psychiatrist
Spiritual care
Non-acceptance of
family members of
the patient’s
condition and lack of
knowledge in
handling the
patient’s illness
Family counseling services
Financial problem to
support medical needs
Referral to PCSO and other institutions
Financial assistance from the organization’s
volunteers and other concerned citizens
Provision of medicines (if available in the
stocks)
Provision of free morphine as recommended
and provided by the DOH as pain reliever for
terminal cancer patients
Provision of medical equipment
Free medical check-ups and monitoring by
the doctor
Grieving and
Depression of
family members
after the
patient’s death
After care
services---
Individual
counseling
and support
group
sessions
Field/ Setting
Work conditions
HOSPITAL
SETTING
(outside the
Philippines)
- exposure to infection
- stress due to long hours of work and lack of
social life as women are not free or too tired to
go out
- complete and high-tech facilities with free
personal protective equipment
INTL
FOREIGN
SETTING
- need to adapt to different cultures
- need to learn their language and communicate
well
- discrimination as Philippines being a 3rd world
country and has different religion and culture
Clients/ Communities
Served
Conditions or Problems Programs and Services
Healthcare
workers
- overworked
- dispensable/can easily be
replaced by Saudis
- unfair salary scale
- non-tax income
- free medical
coverage
- free housing &
transpo
Local from
Receiving country
- lazy and dependent
- if they like you; they feel
like owning you and you
will not be allowed to
transfer work
- loyalty to supervisor
Migrant filipinos - regionalism; family
dynasties; crab mentality
- community work and
organizing
Practice setting: hospital in other country
Practice setting: Human Relations/ HR HR concerns Trade/ labor unions: collective bargaining
agreement Role performance of staff Programs: trainings, counseling, referral
Practice Setting: Environment Conditions:
Destruction of environmental resources Lack of venue for people’s participation
Programs Community-based Resource Management Advocacy Capacity building Livelihood
Practice/ Field Setting: AcademeWork Conditions values interpersonal relationship and
provides access to additional learning Salary Lack of Participation in decision making Limited Library resources and facilities Policies on curriculum not implemented
Clients Served Students Problems: bullying, early pregnancy,
time management, failing grades, study habits
Programs: Academic counseling, referral
Other problems/ realities Worsening poverty situations and
manifestations Peace and order – insurgency – resulted
to rise in number of internally displaced families – livelihoods of rural folks are affected
climate change and natural/ human-made calamities
Competency Needs Skills on clinical setting: case management Social marketing, networking and linkaging Planning, programming, monitoring and
evaluation Disaster management Community organizing; community based
approaches Advocacy People skills Oral and writing skills Critical thinking/ analysis skills
Conflict management/ peace building International relations Intergovernmental approach to provision of
social services Migrant workers’ plight vis-à-vis other
countries’ context/situation Cultural competency Higher sense of self awareness and genuine
acceptance of the needs of others Hardwork and dedication
Recommendations to acquire competencies Exposure to clinical setting & cultural
practices in other countries Updating of SW curriculum: theories to
understand people’s behavior, integrate law, policies, business models; exposure to international practice
Participation to Trainings; continuing education
More researches on SW practice and clients
POLICIES, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SOCIAL WORK
“shift to learning competency-based standards/ outcomes-based education.”
Preparation for generalist social work practice acquisition and application of beginning level of
knowledge, attitudes, values and skills in enhancing the social functioning of individuals, families, groups, and communities, linking people [client systems] with needed resources, improving the operation of social service delivery networks, and promoting social justice through organizing and advocacy
micro to macro practice continuum, focusing on human development and social transformation
integrates internationally benchmarked outcomes (based on 2014 global definition) without ignoring the particularities and priorities of the national situation
Integrates Specific Professions/careers/occupations or Trades
Program Outcomes (SW specific)
Demonstrate knowledge, skills, and attitudes in engaging in a generalist helping process and planned change process for therapeutic, protective, preventive, and transformative purposes.
Analyze critically the origin, development, and purposes of social work in the Philippines.
Critique the impacts of global and national socio-structural inadequacies, discrimination, and oppression on quality of life.
Apply knowledge of human behavior and social environment with emphasis on the person-in-situation dynamic for social work assessment and intervention.
Critique social welfare policies, programs, and services of the locality, country and /or region in terms of relevance, responsiveness, accessibility and availability to target populations.
Engage in advocacy work to promote socio-economic and cultural rights and well-being.
Generate resources for networking and partnership development.
Identify with the social work profession and conduct oneself in accordance with social work values and ethical principles.
Engage in social work practices that promote diversity and difference in client systems.
Use supervision to develop critical self-reflective practice for personal and professional growth.
Produce a portfolio of recordings, case studies and other social work documentation to reflect the quality and progress of practice
Conclusion Competency needs and practice
realities are captured in the policies, standards and guidelines (PSG) for Social Work
PSG captures generalist nature of Social Work and the realities
Implications/ Recommendations
Need to strengthen exposure to international settings, standards, and contexts
Emphasis on exposure and study on the “new normal”: disaster, climate change, peace work, emerging concepts/ perspectives
Exposure to and opportunities for multidisciplinary nature of work
Preparations for personality development and character building are necessary