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VERBS
Root verbPresent Tense Past
TenseContinuous
TensePast
ParticiplePluralThey, We Youbooks, cats
SingularHe, She, It, book, water
be are is were/was being beenhave have has had having haddo do does did doing donehelpwipeplayrestwalkwash
bringbuytrycrycatchsweepsleepkeepteachlosewinholdsit
gotakeleavedrinkgivegetdriveeattakewear
runstand
putreadhit
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VERB Present Tense Past Tense
Subject Verb to Be
Verb to Have
Verb to Do
Action Continuous
SingularRina - SheMy father - HeThe cat - ItThe book - itThe water - it
is
was
has
had
does
did
playseats
playedate
is playingis eating
was playingwas eating
Special Singular
Iam
was
have
had
do
did
playeat
playedate
am playingam eating
was playingwas eating
PluralYouAli and Abu - TheyThe cats - TheyThe books - TheyAli and I - We
are
were
have
had
do
did
playeat
playedate
are playingare eating
were playingwere eating
play, take,eat, buy,
go,
play, take,eat, buy,
go
plays, takes, eats, buys,
goes
playing, taking, eating, buy,
going
played, took, ate, bought,
went
played, taken, eaten, bought,
goneRoot Verb Present
TensePLURAL
You, They, We, I
Present Tense
SINGULARShe ,He , It
ContinuousTense
Verb + ing Past Tense Past Participle
to
w- will wouldD do does didM - may mustS - shall shouldC - can could
Todayevery dayevery weekevery yearevery monthevery fortnightevery Mondayevery weekendonce a weekalways,usuallysometimes,often ,seldomnormallyuniversal truth statementhabitual action
A - are,am, isW - was,wereE - enjoyL - likeA - loveP - action verbW - preferO - on, offW - withoutF - forA - afterB -beforeS - stop start still
yesterdaylast Tuesdaylast weeklast yearlast monthlast fortnightlast weekend
a week agojust nowan hour agothis morningonce upon a time
is ______ byare ______ by
was ______ bywere ______by
has _____have _______had ________(already)
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A. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verb.
A. go B. goes C. going D. went E. gone
1 Jamal ____________to school every morning.
2 Jamal and Jamil ______________ to school every day.
3. Maria ____________ to the playground yesterday.
4 Encik Zamri ___________ to work at eight o'clock every morning.
5 The children are ____________ to visit their aunt tonight.
6 The pupils have ____________to the canteen.
7 Cik Zalina was _____________to work when she met with an accident.
8 The girls will _____________ for a picnic at the waterfall tomorrow.
9 They can _______________ to the night market after five o'clock.
10 Mother loves ______________ shopping during weekend.
11 The pupils must __________to school.
12 That girl would ___________ with you to the market tomorrow.
13 Before ______________ to bed , please wash your feet.
14 Siti and her sister ______________to the movie last night.
15 Mr Bean was ___________to work when his car broke down.
16 The boys enjoyed ____________ to the playground.
17 Many people ____________ to the mall last weekend.
18 Every fortnight, I shall _________ to my grandparents' house in the village.
19 Are you ____________ to help me?
20 Have you ______________ to the Jump Street?
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Fill in the blanks with the correct verb. eat eats ate eating eaten
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Ali and Abu like to_____ chicken chip.
They like to____ bread every morning.
My father does not like _______burger.
The naughty boy was caught _______in the classroom.
She can ____the whole plate by herself.
Have you________?Yes, I have_________.
Jaya was___________ burger when I walk in front of his house.
Karim must _________ some food for breakfast.
They have __________ the cookies in the jar.
Before______ please wash your hands.
Mother ___________ two slices of bread every morning.
The bird _____________the bread on the table just now.
The bread is _____________by the bird.
The biscuits were ________by the mice.
Yesterday Lina _____________ a plate of chicken rice.
My sister loves __________chocolate.
The pie was __________by her brother.
Rani drinks and _______ a lot everyday.
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She likes________ peanuts.
Shall we___________ now?
She did not_________ anything.
She______ cereal every morning.
The apple was____ by my mother.
My uncle is____ fried chicken now.
He enjoys_________ the seafood.
You may_________ now.
The fish was_________ by the cat.
Stop___________ now!
Wash the plate after__________.
I can________ by myself.
Do you like to ________ papaya?
Did you___________ my noodles?
The girls want to_________ pizza.
We shall_______ afterwards.
Lina is __________ fried rice now.
She does not ________noodles.
They decided to ________noodles just now.
Rahim drank and ________ a lot yesterday.
Rahim wants to drink and _______.
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B. For each question choose the best answer to fill in the blanks.
1 Every morning, Encik Jamal __________ to the school where he works.
A drives B drive C driving D drove
2 My friends and I shall __________ pizza for lunch tomorrow.
A has B having C had D have
3 Puan Aziah _____________ me a beautiful dress a few days ago.
A gave B given C gives D give
4 Bees usually __________ together in groups.
A flying B fly C flew D flies
5 Encik Zul ___________ some photographs of the concert last fortnight.
A take B took C takes D taking
6 Your sister __________ in that department a few years ago.
A worked B works C working D work
7 Last Sunday, my family and I ____________ to the waterfall for a picnic.
A going B go C gone D went
8 Hasnah: When will you ___________ these parcels?
Rodziah: I will ______________ it afterwards.
A sending, send B sent, send C send, send D sent, sends
9 Nabil: Whom did you ________ this handbag from?
Najihah: I _________ it from my elder sister.
A gets, got B get, get C got, got D get, got
10 I wanted to go camping but my father ____________ not allow me to go.
A doing B does C do D did
11 Puan Norida: Does your grandson____________ for karate lessons?
Puan Rosnah: Yes, he _____________.
A goes, doing B goes, do C goes, does D go, does
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12 I sprained my ankle while I _________________.
A were running B runs C was running D ran
13 The singer ___________ a number of songs that night.
A sing B sang C was singing D sings
14 Encik Mat Noor: Where was your brother going when I saw him ?
Jasmee : He _____________ to the supermarket.
A going B were going C goes D was going
15 The pupils _____________ when the headmistress __________ her speech.
A cheer, finish B cheers, finishing
C cheering, finishing D cheered, finished
16 My father was surprised to ________the door broken when he________home.
A saw, returns B see, returned
C sees, returns C saw, returned
17 Has Mahani ___________ any food? She looks pale.
A take B taking C takes D taken
18 Puan Siti: Is Rohani ___________ her homework?
Encik Fahmi: No, she ___________________.
A do, don't B does, wasn't C doing, isn't D do , haven't
19 We could not ___________ them because we _____________ too tired.
A helped, were B helps, are C help, were D helping, are
20 He prefers ___________ motorcycle to work as it is faster.
A ride B rode C riding D rides
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UPSR Questions (2005-2014)
C. For each question choose the best answer to fill in the blanks.
1. We ___________ late every Saturday.
A. sleep B. slept C. sleeps D. sleeping
2. Zaimy ________ ask for permission before he went to the library.
A. do B. did C. does D. sleeping
3. Mother: How did you break the vase, Husna?
Husna: I___________ it while I was wiping the table.
A. break B. broke C. breaks D. breaking
4. Mother: _________ you taken your bath, Bala?
Bala : Yes, I, __________.
A. Has, has B. Have, has C. Has, have D. Have, have
5. “Adam, please pay attention. You must _____ to me when I’m teaching,” said the teacher.
A. listen B. listens C. listened D. listening
6. They worked very hard for the examination. ___________ they?
A. do B. did C. don’t D. didn’t
7. He ___________ running to the canteen when he fell.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8. Tina and Farid will _____________ a taxi to the airport.
A. take B. takes C. took D. taking
9. Wani and her sister ______________eating
A. liking B. likes C. liked D. like
10. The zookeepers ________________ feeding the elephants just now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
11. Rafie fell and ______________ his spectacles.
A. break B. broke C. breaks D. broken
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12. Teacher: Ramlan, you ____________ not be late for school.
Ramlan: Yes, I know teacher, I'm sorry.
A should B. could C. will D. do
13. Danial and Hashim ___________ flying their kites when it started to rain.
A is B. are C was D were
14. Most chillies _____________ from green to red when they are ripe.
A change B changes C. changed D changing
15. The blouses ____________ sold in just a few hours.
A. is B was C are D were
16. One of the contestants ___________ singing on the stage.
A is B are C. was D were
17. There was a panel of judges ____________ at the table in front of the stage.
A. sat B sits C sitting D sit
18. Samy is ____________ a plastic bag in his hand.
A. held B hold C holding D. holds
19. A boy is ___________ and looking at the rabbits in the cage.
A kneel B kneeling C knelt C kneels
20. Anita ran towards her mother and _______________ her happily.
A hug B. hugging C hugs D hugged
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ADVERBS
Adverbs are words that tell us more about a verb.
Examples:
Other examples:
eat hungrily cry bitterly leave hurriedly die peacefullylisten attentively creep quietly give generously read loudlyexplain clearly wait patiently arrive safely dress smartlywalk clumsily smile broadly drive carefully dance awkwardlydance gracefully write neatly ride recklessly run quickly
Exercise:
1. The pupils listened ___________ to the instruction.A sadly C attentivelyB happily D actively
(UPSR 2014)2. They ____________ accept her as their housekeeper.
A gladly C peacefullyB bravely D excellently
(UPSR 2013)
3. Please put the boxes of crockery ____________ on the floor.A heavily C lightlyB kindly D gently
(UPSR 2012)
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Examples:
1. The lion roared loudly in the jungle.Loudly is an adverb because it tells us how the lion roared.
2. Siti Nurhaliza sang sweetly in the concert.Sweetly is an adverb because it tells us how Siti Nurhaliza sang.
3. The rabbit runs fast to win the race.Fast is an adverb because it tells us how the rabbit runs.
4. After a long sickness, the man walked ___________ using a walking stick.A weakly C clumsilyB quickly D hurriedly
(UPSR 2010)
5. Please speak _________ because the baby is sleeping in the next room.A softly C politelyB slowly D pleasantly
(UPSR 2009)
6. Kevin did his English test __________ and he promised to do it better the next time.A badly C carefullyB quickly D angrily
(UPSR 2008)
7. The boy _________ took some money from his mother and ran out _________ to buy an ice-cream.A sadly, carefully C happily, quicklyB politely, lightly D quickly, tiredly
(UPSR 2007)
8. Yasmin understood the message because Chan spoke ___________ .A softly C quicklyB clearly D hurriedly
(UPSR 2006)
9. My mother put some lotion on her arm and rubbed _________ .A roughly C gentlyB quietly D angrily
(Kelantan Trial 2014)
10.The girl wept __________ when her pet cat died.A soundly C clearlyB bitterly D sweetly
(Kelantan Trial 2012)
11.My cousin drove __________, so we arrived at the resort safely.A carefully C soundlyB successfully D gracefully
(Kelantan Trial 2011)
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12.The accident victims were ________ injured.A seriously C heavilyB hard D softly
(Kelantan Trial 2010)
13.Ramasamy ________ showed his medal to his friends.A angrily C hurriedlyB proudly D politely
(Kelantan Trial 2008)
14.The man cried out __________ when the brick fell on his head.A sadly C angrilyB noisily D painfully
(Penang Trial 2011)
15.Azim was waiting __________ for his mother to return from work.A greedily C eagerlyB hungrily D swiftly
(Penang Trial 2013)
16.The boys walk _________ to school because they are already late.A carefully C slowlyB hurriedly D lazily
(Terengganu Trial 2010)
17.When you handle your pet, try to do it __________ .A healthily C quicklyB hungrily D gently
(Terengganu Trial 2011)
18.The famous singer is singing _________ on the stage.A softly C loudlyB slowly D sweetly
(Terengganu Trial 2011)
19.The young man rode the bicycle _________ and knocked a boy beside the road.A recklessly C awkwardlyB carefully D slowly
20.The Sultan ruled the kingdom _________ that all his people loved him.
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A patiently C cheerfullyB sweetly D wisely
21.Noorhafiza could not see _________ but she refused to wear spectacles.A perfectly C blindlyB blurry D clearly
22.We carried our heavy bags and trudged _________ up the hill.A quickly C hastilyB deeply D slowly
23.The wind blew __________, so the pupils could not play badminton. A softly C gentlyB strongly D hurriedly
24.The basketball coach spoke _________ to his players because they were careless.A angrily C gentlyB kindly D patiently
25.The young swimmer swam ________ and won the race.A slowly C noisilyB fast D quietly
26. It rained _______ so the netball game had to be postponed.A strongly C heavilyB regularly D bitterly
27.The players sat _______ in the waiting room before the game began.A quietly C loudlyB rudely D well
28.Kyra likes pretty clothes and she always dresses _________.A skilfully C tidilyB stylishly D gracefully
29.The girls greeted the old woman ___________.A neatly C loudlyB politely D carefully
30.Dato’ Syed Bukhary gave _________ to the poor.A cheerfully C angrilyB generously D bitterly
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PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are words which show the relationship of one thing to another. We use them before nouns or pronouns. There are many prepositions and they have different functions.
Prepositions Use Examples
Prepositions of location to show place or where something happens
My mother is in the bathroom.The cat is on the roof.Do not go up the ladder.You can see the bakery along this road.My sister is walking in front of you.Go and sit next to Devi.Alia likes to lean against the door.There is a bridge across the river.
Prepositions of direction to show where something is going to or coming from
My father is going to Putrajaya.They came from Bukit Gedung.Don’t go into the house.Many people are walking along the road.
Prepositions of time to show time or when something happens
Be here at five o’clock.I have to leave by tonight.They watched television for four hours last night.Send the book before school ends.We will go to Bali in September.
Prepositions with special uses.
to show someone having or using an object
to show how people and things travel
The boy with the brown handbag is my aunt. ( having )I cut this fruit with a knife. (using )
My father goes to work .
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Read the story below. Then circle the prepositions of place and underline the prepositions of time. From the passage, write the answers in the boxes below.
Ali and his family went camping at the jungle near their house. They camped at the campsite for 3 days and 2 nights. They slept in the tents.
On the first night, Ali could not sleep. He heard the owls hooting like they were on the roof of the tent. The next morning, some monkeys came and stole their food that they kept in their basket. Ali’s father chased them off and they ran into the woods.
Prepositions of place Prepositions of time
Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions from the boxes.
over near in underat up across for
1. Altab swam ______________ the pool.
2. A plane flew ______________ the house.
3. Mat Noor and his family waited _______________ an hour then they left.
4. This bungalow was built ________________ 1990.
5. The playground is ________________ the school.
6. Jasmee wakes up ____________ 6.00 o’clock every morning.
7. Halmi walked slowly ________ the hill.
8. The boat sailed ___________ the bridge.
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1. The clock is __________ the wall.
2. The ball is __________ the table.
3. The cat is __________ the chair.
4. The carpet is _________ the floor.
5. The lamp is _________ the table.
6. The flowers are __________ the vase.
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Write two sentences for each of the following pictures. Use suitable prepositions in the sentences.
a. Alab is crossing the road with his son, Aisar.
b. There is a post office in front of them.
a. ___________________________________
___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
___________________________________
a. ___________________________________
___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
___________________________________
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a. ___________________________________
___________________________________
b. ___________________________________
___________________________________
Underline the correct preposition.
1. There is a monster ( down, under ) my bed!
2. Look for the phone ( in, among ) the books.
3. Aunt Rohani’s house is ( across, against) the road.
4. There are many textile stores ( along, on ) Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman.
5. Noraini’s birthday is ( in, on ) July.
6. The rehearsal is ( at, on ) three o’clock.
7. My grandmother takes a nap ( at, in ) the afternoon.
8. We jumped ( in, into ) the lake and screamed.
9. Can you show Siti the way ( into, to ) the playground?
10.Encik Hussein pulled ( out, in ) the nail ( with, by ) a pair of pliers.
Rewrite the sentences by putting the words in brackets at the correct places.
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1. Sonia is sleeping the television. ( in front of )
_____________________________________________________________
2. It is not safe to park the car the road. ( across )
_____________________________________________________________
3. We must be at the party five o’clock. ( before )
_____________________________________________________________
4. Puan Mahani planted some vegetables her house. ( behind )
_____________________________________________________________
5. You can come to my house four o’clock. ( after )
_____________________________________________________________
6. Our family lived Singapore for three years. ( in )
_____________________________________________________________
7. The man mows the grass a lawn mower. ( with )
_____________________________________________________________
8. The cats are sleeping the car. (under )
_____________________________________________________________
9. We played games in the dark the blackout. ( during )
_____________________________________________________________
10.The vehicles couldn’t go the tunnel because there was an accident.(through )
_____________________________________________________________
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Reminder
NOUNS
Nouns are words that name people, places, animals and things.
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Common Nouns
Common nouns refer to people, places, animals and things of the same class or kind. Examples:
Proper Nouns
Proper nouns refer to particular people, places, animals and things. Proper nouns always begin with capital letters. Examples:
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NOUNS
PlacesPeople
Animals Things
Exercise
1. One who cuts hair is a _____________.
2. One who sells fruits is a _____________.
3. One who sells medicines is a _____________.
4. One who makes bread is a _____________.
5. One who make chairs and tables is a ___________.
6. One who cultivates the land is a ______________.
7. Which of the following noun is a Proper Noun? (a) singer (b) Peter (c) milk (d) sister
8. Which of the following noun is a Common Noun?
(a) birds (b) Kuala Lumpur (c) iron (d) Thailand
Countable and Uncountable Nouns
Nouns can be countable and uncountable.(i) Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted such as pencils, apples, people and cars.(ii) Uncountable nouns are nouns that cannot be counted such as water, salt, sugar and sand.
Phrasal quantifiers are used to count uncountable nouns. Among the examples are a glass of milk, a bowl of rice, a spoon of sugar and a packet of salt.
Look at the list of phrasal quantifiers below:
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Note
Quantifiers can be used with countable and uncountable nouns. Look at the list of quantifiers below:
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a flock of goats a troop of monkeys a pack of wolvesa herd of cows a pride of lions a brood of chickensa herd of buffaloes a team of oxen a litter of kittensa herd of elephants a nest of rabbits a litter of puppiesa herd of cows a nest of mice a swarm of insectsa flock of birds a stud of horses a swarm of beesa flight of birds a colony of ants a gaggle of geesea shoal of fish a school of dolphins
Exercise 1. They have had _______ homework in Mathematics recently.
2. How _____ time do you need to finish the work?
3. There are too ______ students in the library.
4. Have you visited ____ foreign countries?
5. Although he’s very ill, he didn’t take _____ medicine.
6. _______ people know as much about linguistics as John does.
7. They say ______ knowledge is a dangerous thing.
8. He’s having ______ of trouble passing his driving test.
9. I spend _____ of my time reading novels.
10. He knows ______ English.
COLLECTIVE NOUNSA Collective Noun is a word which describes a group of animals, people and things.
Animals
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People
Exercise Fill in the blanks with the correct collective nouns.
1. _________ of pupils will visit the factory tomorrow.
2. Would you like to have a ______ of soup?
3. Look at the _________ of geese. Aren’t they beautiful?
4. Two __________ of singers will sing two different songs in Mandarin.
5. The __________ bees was disturbed by the naughty boys.
6. The cook needs a ___________ of eggs to prepare our lunch.
7. Please get me a _________ of cards from the drawer.
8. Father needs the _______ of tools to repair the loose doors.
9. Please clear the __________ of rubbish in the garden.
10. Please arrange the _______ of books over there.
11. Mother bought a _______ of grapes and a _________ of bread at the market.
12. My brother is wearing a _________ of new trousers.
Singular and Plural Nouns
Singular nouns stand for one person or thing such as boy, cat, toy and apple.
Singular Plural Description
car cars
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a choir of singers a band of musicians a troop of scoutsa company of actors an army of soldiers a panel of judgesa staff of servants a class of pupils a crowd of peoplea staff of teachers a party of friends a crowd of spectatorsa gang of thieves a troupe of dancers a posse of policemena gang of labourers a crew of sailors a team of athletesa team of players a field of runners a flock of tourists
book
tiger
girl
books
tigers
girls
Plural nouns stand for more than one person or thing
such as boys, cats, toys and apples. You need to add -s or -es to change them
into plural nouns.
box
watch
brush
potato
house
boxes
watches
brushes
potatoes
houses
Singular Plural Description
toy
boy
key
lorry
story
berry
toys
boys
keys
lorries
stories
berries
Besides that, you need to add -s or -ies to words
ending in -y.
man
woman
mouse
foot
goose
men
women
mice
feet
geese
You can change singular nouns to plural nouns by
changing the inside vowel.
ox
child
oxen
children
You can change singular nouns to plural nouns by
adding -en.
sister-in-law
passer-by
sisters-in-law
passers-by
You can change singular nouns to plural nouns by
adding -s to special nouns.
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However, some nouns are only used in the plural form. Among them are scissors,trousers, shorts, clothes and spectacles.
UPSR Model Questions and Answers.
Questions 22-23Choose the answer with the correct spelling.
22. Look at the ____________ if you want to know today's date.A. celanderB. calendarC. celaandrD. calendra
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Question 22 : The answer is B.In English, if a word starts witk a K sound, it is usually spelt with a C.
23. Puan Munirah gave birth to two ___________A. baibesB. babeisC. babies
Question 23 : The answer is C. A noun that ends with -y is changed to -ies to make it plural.
PRONOUNS
Pronouns are words that replace nouns. Examples:
The word She replaces the noun Mary. Therefore, She is a pronoun.
Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns can be the subject or the object in a sentence.
(i) If a pronoun is used as a subject, use it immediately before a noun.(ii) If a pronoun is used as a object, use it after a verb or a preposition.
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Possessive Pronouns and Possessive Adjectives
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Exercise Fill in the blanks with the correct pronoun for the word in the brackets.
1. (Kamal) _______ is a helpful boy.
2. I talked to (Puan Nora) ______ just now.
3. (The elephants) ________ are in the river.
4. (Mira and I) _________ like to visit the bird park.
5. (The tiger) _________ is a ferocious animal.
6. You must water (the plant) _______ twice a day.
7. (Miss Aida) __________ teaches (my classmate and me) _________ Science.
8. (Kashah and Farah) _________ always come to school early.
9. I play with (my friends) _________ every evening.
10. You visited (Salleh) _________ at the hospital.
Exercise Underline the correct answer.
1. She is the woman (who, which, whose) husband is a doctor.
2. They stay in a house (who, that, whose) has four rooms.
3. The giraffe is an animal (which, who, whose) has a long neck.
4. The girls baked the biscuits (himself, themselves, yourselves).
5. My mother cleans the house (herself, myself, himself).
6. Please do the work (yourself, yourselves, ourselves), boys.
7. Don’t play with the matches, Abu. You may burn (myself, yourself, himself).
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8. May I see (that, these, those) necklace in the showcase?
9. This album is (my, mine, me). It belongs to (me, my, mine).
10. (She, Her, Hers) mother takes (her, hers, she) to school every day.
Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are used to introduce questions.
Exercise
Underline the correct answer.
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1 (What , Who ) are they doing in the park?
2 ( Whose , Which ) shoes are they? They’re mine.
3 ( Who , How ) are they coming? By bus.
4 (When , Whom ) are you doing your homework? In my bedroom.
5 ( What , When ) time do they get up?
6 ( Whom , Which ) trousers do you want, the red or the blue ones?
7 ( Why , How ) many mangoes are there?
8 (What , How ) far is Batu Lanchang from Juru?
9 ( How , Where ) is the weather like today?
1
0
( What , When ) is your phone number?
ExerciseFill in the blanks with suitable interrogative pronouns.
1. ———————- did you invite to preside over the meeting?
a) Who
b) Whom
c) What
d) Whose
2. She asked ——————- I preferred, tea or coffee?
a) Who
b) That
c) Which
d) Whom
3. Of ———————- are you speaking?
a) Who
b) Whom
c) Whose
d) None of these
4. ——————- do you want to do?
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a) What
b) Which
c) That
d) Whom
5. ———————- shall I give this to?
a) Whom
b) What
c) Whose
d) Which
6. ——————- of these books will you take?
a) Which
b) Whom
c) That
d) Whose
7. I don’t know —————— of them will actually get it?
a) Whom
b) What
c) Which
d) Whose
8. ———————- said these words?
a) Who
b) Whom
c) What
d) Which
9. Of ——————— boy are you speaking?
a) Whom
b) Who
c) Which
d) That
10. ——————– do you want to see?
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a) Who
b) Whom
c) Which
d) Whose
11. ——————– did he come here for?
a) Why
b) What
c) Whom
d) Who
12. ——————-, do you think, is the correct answer to this question?
a) What
b) Which
c) Who
d) Whom
13. To ——————- did she give her necklace?
a) Whom
b) Whose
c) What
d) Which
14. ——————– do you think he is?
a) What
b) That which
c) Who
d) Which
15. With ——————– were you exchanging pleasantries?
a) Whom
b) What
c) Which
d) Who
16. ———————– is better, honor or riches?
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a) Which
b) Who
c) That
d) Whom
17. ———————— of them wants to see me?
a) Which
b) What
c) That
d) Whom
18. To ———————- do you pass on the notes?
a) Who
b) Whom
c) What
d) Which
Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns are pronouns that point out a person or a thing.
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Exercise Choose the correct pronoun.
1. _________ (This / These) book is expensive.
2. _________ (That / Those) cat is small.
3. _________ (This / These) pens are blue.
4. _________ (That / Those) movie is funny.
5. _________ (That / Those) airplanes are very big.
6._________ (This / That) morning is perfect for a walk.
7. _________ (That / Those) car is expensive.
8. _________ (This / These) candy is delicious.
9. _________ (That / Those) children are cold.
10. ________ (This / These) food is healthy.
ADJECTIVES An adjective is a describing word. It describes a person, animal or thing.
It is used before nouns.
Examples : a tall man
a black cat
a sharp pencil
It is also used to talk about the shape, size, colour and condition of nouns.
Examples : a square box a brown carpet
a thin man a dirty shirt
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Comparison of Adjectives
(a) The comparison form
1. The comparative is used to compare two things.
2. It is formed by adding ‘er’ to one-syllable adjectives.
Examples : loud – louder cold – colder sharp – sharper clean – cleaner deep – deeper smooth – smoother
3. It is also formed by using more..than for adjectives of more than three
syllables.
Examples : This sofa is more comfortable than that sofa.
This plate is more expensive than that one.
(b) The superlative form
1. The superlative is used to compare more than two things.
2. It is formed by adding ‘est’ to one-syllable adjectives.
Examples : tall – tallest soft – softest dark – darkest loud – loudest high – highest light – lightest
3. ‘The’ is used before the superlative.
Examples : Suziana is the tallest among all the pupils in class.
That is the largest bear I have ever seen.
4. ‘The most’ is used with adjectives of three or more syllables.
Examples : That is the most beautiful painting I have ever seen.
This book is the most interesting among all the books.
The comparison form
Some comparative adjectives are formed by adding ‘ er’ and their superlative
forms by adding ‘est’...and using ‘more..than’ and ‘most..than’ for adjectives of
more than three syllables.
Positive Comparative Superlative
big bigger biggest
brave braver bravest
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fierce fiercer fiercest
large larger largest
low lower lowest
busy busier busiest
naughty naughtier naughtiest
pretty prettier prettiest
happy happier happiest
wet wetter wettest
greedy greedier greediest
hot hotter hottest
thin thinner thinnest
careful more careful most careful
expensive more expensive most expensive
PRACTICE 1
Write suitable adjective to the given noun.
_____________ bag _____________ painting
_____________ globe _____________ library
_____________ belt _____________ woman
_____________ fingernails _____________ trip
_____________ professor _____________ bridge
_____________ boy _____________ pumpkin
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_____________ dress _____________ bean
_____________ scissors _____________ worm
_____________ jeans _____________ rainbow
_____________ homework _____________ hair
REMEMBER
Sometimes we use different adjectives to describe the nouns.
good better best
much more most
bad worse worst
many more most
some more most
little less least
If more than one adjective is used to describe a noun, size is often stated before
colour.
Example : a large, grey animal a long, yellow ruler
a fat, brown worm a short, black belt
a tiny, red insect a deep, blue ocean
PRACTICE 2
Add a suitable adjective to the highlighted nouns to make the sentence more
interesting.
majestic strong dark enchanted
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beautiful terrible ugly magical
blue horrible fearless charming
1. The knight slayed the dragon.
_____________________________________________.
2. A princess is trapped in the tower._____________________________________________.
3. An witch cast a spell._____________________________________________.
4. The phoenix flies through the sky.
_____________________________________________.
5. The zebra galloped through the forest._____________________________________________.
6. The prince has a castle.
_____________________________________________.
UPSR 2007
19. The weather today is ____________ than yesterday but last week was
the ____________ .
A hot, hotter
B hotter, hottest
C hottest, hotter
D hot, hottest
UPSR 2012
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19. Mei Ling’s handwriting is _______________ and tidy.
A clear
B sharp
C neat
D fast
CONJUNCTIONS
A conjunction is a joining word. It also known as sentence connector. It is used to join words, phrases or sentences together.
and ‘And’ is used when they are similar or connected.
1. Siti is beautiful and intelligent.
or ‘Or’ is used when there is a choice.
1. Do your homework now , or you cannot go out to play.
but ‘But’ is used when there is a difference or to show contrast.
1. Kamal is thin but strong.2. Nina has a new pen but did not use it.
if ‘If’ is used to show condition. It is used either to start a sentence or in the middle between two sentences showing conditional event.
1. If you play with a knife, you might get hurt.
You might get hurt if you play with a knife.
2. If you are late, the teacher will get angry.
The teacher will angry if you are late.
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Note : A comma is used to separate the two sentences when ‘if’ is at the initial position.
while ‘While’ is used to join two sentences that denotes action or something is taking place. It cannot be used to join statements of truth or description of nouns.
1. Mother is cooking while father is sleeping.
2. Abu is singing while Nana is dancing.
although ‘Although’ is used to join two opposite or different ideas.
1. Although he is sick, he still come to school.
because ‘Because’ is used when there is a reason.
1. He cannot finish his work because he is not well.
so ‘So’ is used in the sense of ‘as a result’.
1. It is raining, so, I use an umbrella.
therefore ‘Therefore’ is used in the sense of ‘that is why’ or ‘as a consequence’.
1. She failed the test, therefore, she had to work harder.
either…or Both are used to show choices or possibilities with ‘either’ showing positive response and ‘neither’ negative.
1. Either Yana or Yusri will come to the party. (meaning : one of them will come)
2. Neither Yana nor Yusri will come to the party. (meaning : both are not coming)
3. Either Shafi or Watie has the key. (meaning : one of them has the key)
4. Neither Shafi nor Watie has the key. (meaning : both do not have the key)
neither…nor
Fill in the blanks with ‘and’ or ‘but’.
1. A fish can swim ________ cannot fly.
2. Mazlan put on his shoes __________ walked out of the house.
3. His shorts were torn ________ dirty.
4. She opened the book ___________ started to read it.
5. The hamster has brown _________yellow patches on its body.
6. The boy is tall _________his sister is taller.
Fill in the blanks with ‘because’, ‘so’ or ‘therefore’.
1. Stand behind the door___________ he cannot see you.
2. She had a toothache, _____________ she went to see a dentist.
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3. The man chopped down the tree ___________ it was too big.
4. His car broke down, ____________ he had to walk all the way home.
5. They were tired, ____________ they went to bed early.
6. She has a very good memory, ____________ she still remembers her
childhood friends.
7. The sea was very rough, ____________ the fishermen could not go out in
their boats.
8. The children have to wash their hands __________ they are dirty.
9. He is very naughty, ______________ he was punished.
Fill in the blanks with ‘although’ or ‘while’.
1. Haziq rarely sees Muhammad _______________ they are neighbours.
2. Madam Sevami is eating at the canteen ___________ her friends is sipping
hot coffee.
3. ________________ she is beautiful, everybody hates her.
4. Farah is studying in her room _____________ her little sister is watching
television in the living room.
5. Encik Yusof washes his car ___________ Puan Marina waters the plants.
6. __________________he is very old, he goes jogging every morning.
7. ________________ the weather was bad, we had a good time.
Fill in the blanks with ‘either…or ’ or ‘ neither…nor ’.
1. I did not know that she can ________read ________ write.
2. In this game, you _________ win __________ lose.
3. My mother can__________ sing ________ dance.
4. ___________ you return the money you had stolen ________ I will call the
police.
5. He_________ keeps the keys himself __________ leaves them with his wife.
6. He _________ came _______ called.
7. He wasn’t wearing _________ a shirt _________ a coat.
8. He will ___________ come here _________ send a representative.
9. __________ he ________ his wife may attend the function.
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10.__________he ________ his brother must have done this.
Fill in the blanks with ‘or’ or ‘if’.
1. We’ll only achieve our targets _________ everyone works together.
2. Do you want to come to the cinema ________ not?
3. I usually make a sandwich to take to work ________ I have enough time.
4. ________ you don’t book now, you won’t get good tickets.
5. She will be waiting for you at the food court ________ at the entrance.
6. Do you want to eat now _______ later?
7. Will you bring my glasses down ________ you go upstairs?
8. Hazim usually goes to the library ________ canteen during recess.
UPSR 2008
You must finish your work ______________ you cannot watch television.
A of
B but
C or
UPSR 2009
I would like to buy that watch ____________ it is expensive.
A if
B so
C because
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D although
UPSR 2010
The children continued to play _____________ it was raining heavily.
A whether
B because
C although
D therefore
UPSR 2013
He continued sleeping _________ he heard the door bell ringing.
A but
B and
C because
D although
SECTION CHow to score good marks in Section C (15 marks)
Read the instructions (Story, Process, Description).Study the pictures – event, place, people, objects, animals.Read and try to use the given words.Based on the given words, determine the tenses.Use suitable adjectives, adverbs, connectors, time phrases and similes to make the story interesting.Write at least 5 sentences for each pictures.Write simple, compound and complex sentences for each pictures.Check grammar, punctuation and spelling.Handwriting must be NEAT, TIDY and LEGIBLE. Write at least 5 sentences for each pictures.Conclusion – moral values, lesson learnt, idioms or proverbs.
Useful idioms and proverbs
Idioms Meaningto build castles in the air to daydream
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raining cats and dogs raining very heavily
to pass with flying colours to do very well in test
to keep an eye on to watch carefully
to lend a hand to help
to back off to withdraw from an agreement
Meanings
a friend in need is a friend indeed Someone who helps you when you are in trouble
all's well that ends well There’s a solution to everything
better late than never It’s better to do something, even if it’s late than not doing anything at all
honesty is the best policy It’s always better to be honest
it is no use crying over spilt milk Don’t express regret for something that has happened
one good turn deserves another You should be helpful to someone who helps you
look before you leap Think about the effect before taking any actions
where there's a will, there's a way If we are determined to do something, we will always find the method or means to do it
slow and steady wins the race Take your time to complete a task consistently
Write a story based on the pictures below. You may use the words given to help you. Write your answer in the space provided.
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waited - two hours - caught - nothing Saturday - family - fishing - Pulau Jerejak
Last _______________, Razi and his _______________. They went to _______________. They were very _______________.
When they reached there, they searched for a _______________ spot under a big tree. They _______________ for _______________. To their disappointment, they _______________.
_______________, they _______________ a _______________ in the water. Razi caught a big _______________. All of them were _______________.
Complete the story below with suitable answers from the table given.
patiently vacation thrilled refreshingdevastated scorching comfortably arranged
loud unloaded chatted baitdelicious nothing shady excitedbosom searched upon arriving surprise
all smiles as clean as a whistle as happy as a king out of a suddenas clear as crystal make a move
Razi is my __________ friend. He is a cheerful boy. He is also an active boy. His family always go on a __________ during school holidays.
Last Saturday, Razi and his family went on a fishing trip to Pulau Jerejak. They woke up very early and packed their fishing stuffs. They made sure all the needed items and food were ready and __________ in the boot neatly. All of them were __________ to reach there.
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sudden - heard - loud splash - happy
__________ at Pulau Jerejak, they __________ for a __________ spot under a huge tree by the river which was ___________(simile) They __________ their things from the car and placed a mat for them to sit __________. All of them threw their hooks into the __________river water and waited __________. They also __________ about how beautiful Pulau Jerejak was. While waiting for the fish to catch their __________, they ate the __________ food they brought. After two hours of waiting, they caught __________. All of them were __________.
__________ (idiom), to Razi’s surprise, he heard a __________ splash in the water. He caught a big fish. His sisters were equally __________ with the catch. After that, everyone started catching a fish each. They were all __________(idiom). When the sun was __________ hot, they decided to __________(idiom). They packed their things and the spot was __________(idiom). They were __________(idiom) because they enjoyed their trip very much.
Write a story based on the pictures below. You may use the words given to help you. Write your answer in the space provided.
Page | 49chased - ran - climbed - shaking - shouted - fell - dream
evening - firewood - growl - prey - bushes
mother - advised - scary movies - documentary - promised
Fill in the blanks correctly with the idioms/similes given.
Aiman is _____________________________(simile). He never listens to his mother’s advice. He lives in a small, wooden house with his beloved mother. Their house is near a jungle. It is just _____________________________(idiom) from their house.
One peaceful _________________, Aiman walked into the jungle to get a _________________ of _________________for his mother. She wanted to cook nasi lemak to _____________________________(idiom). As the day was getting dark, Aiman walked _________________into the jungle. After he had collected the firewood, he tied the bundle tightly. _____________________________(idiom), he heard a loud _________________. It was a _________________ tiger. He saw the tiger_________________at him from the _________________. It looked _____________________________(simile) at its prey.
Aiman _________________ in fear. The tiger growled fiercely and _________________him. _____________________________(idiom), Aiman ran _____________________________(simile) towards a tall tree. He _________________ the tree with all his might. He sat on a branch of a tree _____________________________(simile). He was shaking _____________________________(idiom). Suddenly, a loud
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a stone’s throw away
make ends meet as hungry as a wolf
from head to toe as silent as the grave
without any hesitation as stubborn as a donkey
_________________was heard. Aiman _________________loudly. He was in _________________because he fell down from his own bed. He realized that he had _________________from a terrible dream.
His mother_________________ his room. She knew that he had a _________________. She advised Aiman to never stay up late and watch _________________ movies. It was better for him to watch _________________ programmes to _________________ his knowledge. Aiman _________________ to her that he would not be stubborn anymore.
Write a story based on the pictures below. You may use the words given to help you. Write your answer in the space provided.
Subject Verb ObjectJasmi loves painting.He paints beautiful scenery paddy
field during his leisure time.
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park - brought - painting kits and board - searched - suitable
Jasmi - painting - scenery - leisure timeboys - chasing - knocked down - spilt -
water and colours - fell helped - get up - bruised - knees -
apologized - advised - careful - thanked
Write an interesting story.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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