Computer skills level oneChapter 2

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Hardware Components

Computers are made up of many components Most of these are internal.

Some are connected externally ,using portsComponents located outside the computer’s case are referred to as peripheral devices

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PC ports

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Computer componentsComputer components can be divided into the following categories:

Microprocessors (process instructions

and perform calculations

Storage devices (memory and

disk )hold data

Input devices (mouse and keyboard )the user enter data

Output devices (monitor ,speakers

and printer )display data

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The Motherboard A motherboard (system board ) is a large printed circuit board with connection for all the other components in the computerThe motherboard allows the components to exchange date It also houses the power supply The type of motherboard determines the types of CPU , memory and hard disk that can be installed in

the computerThe motherboard contains several slots that allow you to plug expansions cards into your computer

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The system case

The motherboard and other internal components,Usually made of metal and plastic

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The Central Processing Unit (CPU )CPU is the parts of the computer that processes and calculates data You can think of the CPU as the brains of the computer

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Input Devices Used to supply information to a computer Example: Keyboard Used text-based data input and for selecting commands Mouse Used to control the movement of the pointer on the screen TrackballUsed as an alternative to a mouse

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Input Devices

Light pen Hand-held device (very similar a standard ballpoint pen )Scanner Used to detect on paper (pictures or text )and then translate into computer data Digital camerasWork in much the same way as normal cameras except that the exposure from the subject is recorded onto light sensitive diodes not photographic film The image is save to a flash memory card

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Output Devices Display information from the computer to the user The main devices display data on a screen ,print data on paper ,and play data as sound

-Touch screen -Digital projector

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Printers Printer allows the user to print out on paper

Printers are available in both color and black and white

A color printer is more expensive then a black and white printer is.

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Laser Printers A laser printer produces very high quality print and often quieter and faster than an inject or dubble –jet but they are expensive

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Sound input and Output Sound card and speakers many computers ,especially home computer equipped with speakers Speakers take the signal generated by a sound card and convert it into sound

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