CONCEPT OF SHODHANA

PRESENTER : DR. SAYANTAN BERA

2nd YEAR P.G. SCHOLAR

DEPARTMENT OF PANCHAKARMA

D.G.M.A.M.C. GADAG

वस्त ुनिर्दश्े प्रस्ताविा

व्यतु्पनि

निरुनि

शोधि महत्व

शोधि गणु

शोधि लाभ

शोधि काल

स्वस््य शोधि & र्दोषािसुार शोधि

शोधि वकृ्ष

शोधि योग्य

शोधि अयोग्य

वर्जयय नवषय

र्दवुयल परुुष शोधि

शोधिोिर निनकत्सा

शोधि अनतयोग प्रनतकार

CRITERIA TO SELECT A PATIENT FOR SHODHANA

IMPORTANCE OF PURVA KARMA BEFORE SODHANA

IMPORTANCE OF PASCHAT KARMA AFTER SODHANA

PROBABLE MODE OF ACTION OF SHODHANA PROCEDURES

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHODHANA &PANCHAKARMA

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

प्रस्ताविा :

निनकत्सा:

यानभिः नियानभर्ाययन्त ेशरीरे धातविः समािः ।

सा निनकत्सा नवकाराणाां कमय तनिषर्ाां स्मतृम् ॥ (च.स-ू१६/३४)

The procedure by which Dhatus are brought into equilibrium condition is termed as Chikitsa.

In a broader sense Chikitsa is divided into two categories – 1. Shodhana

2. Shamana

शोधि:

शोधिां यत ्कुनपताि् र्दोषाि् नििःसायय बनहिः रोगोशमिां करोनत ॥ (अ.सं,स-ूइन्दु -१/३७)

Shodhana is the method of eliminating the vitiated doshas from the body to pacify the disease.

शमि:

ि शोधयनत ि द्वनेि समाि् र्दोषाांस्तथोद्धताि् ।

समीकरोनत नवषमाच्शमिां तद्यथा अमतृा ॥ (श.प-ू४/२)

The drug which brings the normalcy of doshas without elimination & aggravation is known as Shamana.

व्यतु्पनि :

शोधि = शध्ु + नणि् + ल्युट् (शब्दकल्पम)

शध्ु = शौि (Clean)

Shodhana is derived from ‘Shudh’ – It means Cleansing.

निरुनि :

यनर्दरयदे्बनहर्दोषाि् पञ्िधा शोधिञ्ि तत ्।

निरूह वमिां कायनशररेको आस्रनवस्रुनत ॥ (अ.हृ,स-ू१४/६)

Sodhana is the procedure by which doshas (vitiated) are expelled out from the body. There are 5 types of Shodhana -

Niruha basti

Vamana

Kaya reka (virechana)

Shiro reka (nasya)

Asra visruti (rakta mokshana)

यर्दौषधां वातानर्दिन्तिः नस्थताि् वनहरीरयते नक्षपते ्तत ्

शोधिम् । तच्ि पञ्िधा, पन्िनवधम् । (अरुणदत्त)

Arun Dutta says that in Sarvangasundar Commentary --- By which procedure vitiated Vatadi doshas are removed from

body is known as Shodhana. Shodhana is classified into 5 types.

स्थािाद्वनहिययरे्दरु्धवयमधो वा मलसञ्ियम् र्दहेसांशोधिां तत्साद्दवेर्दानल फलां यथा ॥ (शा. प ू– ४/८)

The procedure which detaches the accumulation of Mala from their respective places & expels upwards or

downwards, is known as Samshodhana.

eg – Devadali (Jimitaka)

--------- प्रकुनपत स्थािात ्मलसञ्ियां र्दोषार्दीिाां सस्थािात उर्धवयमधो वा वनहिययते ्वनह: करोनत तद्दहे ेशरीरे शोधिां

कनथतम् । (दीपपका,आढ्मल)

In the commentary of Sharangdhar Samhita, Adhmala said that - The Prakupita Dosha leads to Mala sanchaya

(accumulated in their respective places), by administering or giving the Shodhana therapy, the accumulated Malas

expells out & by this process Sharir shuddhi takes place.

शोधि महत्व : (WHY शोधन IS BEST?)

र्दोषाकर्दानित ्कूप्यनन्त नर्ता लङ्घिपािि िः ।

नर्ता सांशोधियते ु ि तषेाां पिुरुिव: ॥ (च.स-ू१६/२०)

र्दोषाकर्दानित ्कूप्यनन्त नर्ता लङ्घिपािि िः ।

य ेत ुसांशोधि िः शदु्धा ि तषेाां पिुरुिविः ॥ (अ.स,स-ू५/२४)

(अ.हृ,स-ू४/२६)

Acharya Charaka and Vagbhatt said almost same about the Mahatva of Shodhana. They said that –

The doshas which have been mitigated by Langhana & Pachana, are likely to aggravate once again. But those doshas

conquered by Shodhana therapy will never increase again.

समूलांर्दोषापहारकत्वां सांशोधिस्य, लङ्घि पािियोस्त ुर्दोषापहरत्व ेसत्यनप ि सांशोधिवत्- र्दोषहन्ततृ्वनमत्याह –

र्दोषा इत्यानर्द । (चक्रपपण दत्त)

Acharya Chakrapani Dutta said that – The main root cause which is treated by Shodhana, never occurs again. By

Langhana, Pachana also the doshas can be treated but sometimes they may aggravated.

य ेपूििः सांशोधि िः शुद्धस्तषेाां ि पिुरुिव: - उत्थािां ि भवनत । (अरूनदत्त)

Acharya Arun Dutta said that in his Sarvangasundar commentary – Doshas which are expelled out by Shodhana karma

will not aggravate again.

शोधि गणु :

मलापहां रोगहरां वलवणयप्रसार्दिम ।

नपत्वा सांशोधिां सम्यगायषुा यरु्जयत ेनिरम् ॥ (च.स ू- १५/२२)

Acharya Charaka said about the qualities of Shodhana. Those are as follows –

Elimination of mala

Complete cure of disease

Increase strength

Increase complexion of skin

To get long life

शोधि लाभ :

According to Vagbhatt –

वुनद्धप्रसार्दां वलनमनन्ियाणाां धातनुस्थरत्वां र्जवलिस्यर्दीनिम् ।

निराच्िपाकां वयसिः करोनत सांशोधिांसम्यगपुास्यमािम् ॥ (अ.हृ,सू- १८/६०)

If the shodhana therapies are taken properly, then these benefits are achieving –

Increase intelligence

Strengthen the sense organs

Stability of the tissues

Increase digestive power

Increase longevity

According to Charaka –

एवां नवशदु्धकोष्ठस्य कायानग्िरनभवधयत े।

व्यधयस्िोपशम्यनन्त प्रकृनतश्चिवुतयत े॥

इनन्ियानण मिोबनुद्धवयणायश्चास्य प्रसीर्दनत ।

वलां पनुिरप्यां ि वषृता िास्य र्ायत े।।

र्राां कृच्रेण लभत ेनिरां र्ीवत्यिामयिः ।

तस्मात्सांशोधिां काल ेयनुियुिां नपबने्िरिः ॥ (च.स-ू१६/१७)

If anyone take the proper sodhana therapy in proper time, then should get these –

Elimination of vitiated dosha from Kostha

Increase digestive power

Curing disease

Restoring the normal health

Strengthen the sense organs

Nourishes of mind, intelligence & complexion

Gaining of strength, nourishment, virility

Not affecting by old age & increasing longevity

शोधि काल :

शरत्काल ेवसन्त ेि प्रावटृ काल ेि र्दनेहिाम् ।

वमिां रेििां ि व कारयते ुकुशलो नभषक् ॥ (शा. उ. – ३/१)

Vamanadi karmas should be done during Sharad, Vasanta or Pravrit rutu.

शीतोिवां र्दोषियां वसन्त ेनवशोधयत् ग्रीष्मर्मभ्रकाल े।

घिात्यय ेवानषयकमाश ुसम्यक् प्राप्िोनतरोगाितृरु्ान्ि र्ात ु॥ (अ.हृ,स ू– ४/३५)

The accumulation of dosha arising from Sisir rutu should be expelled out during Vasanta rutu, that arising from Grishma

rutu should be expelled out during Abhrakala (varsha rutu), that arising from Varsa rutu should be expelled out during

Ghanatyaya rutu(sharad rutu).

प्रावट्ृ शनुििभौ ज्ञयेौ शरर्दरु्यसहौ पिुिः ।

तपस्यच्ि मधशु्च व वसन्तिः शोधिां प्रनत ॥

एतितृि नवकल्प्य वां र्दद्यात ्सांशोधिां नभषक् ।

स्वस्थविृमनभप्रते्य व्याधौव्यनधवशिे त ु॥ (च. पस – ६/५,६)

Pravrit – Suchi(ashad) & Nabha (shravana)

Sharad – Urja (kartika) & Saha (margasirsha)

Vasanta – Tapasya (phalguna) & Madhu (chaitra)

These three seasons are suitable for the administration of Shodhana therapies. After determining the exact months

constituting these above mentioned seasons, the Bhishak should give the appropriate Shodhana therapy to a healthy

person. However for a patient, the appropriateness of the time determined on the basis of the nature of the vyadhi.

स्वस््य शोधि & र्दोषािुसार शोधि :

प्रावट्ृकाल ेवातनवकारािः घिात्यकाल े नपिनवकारािः । घिा मषेािः तषेाां अत्यय नििाशो यनस्मि् काल ेस घित्ययिः

शरत्कालिः । वसन्तनर्दिषे ु वसन्त नर्दवसषे ुशे्लष्मानवकारािः प्रार्दभुयबनन्तिः । ततस्तस्मात ्कारणात ्शरीरसांशनुद्धिः शरीर

सांशोधिां वमिानर्दनभ पञ्िनभिः स्यात ् भबते ् । तत्र बनस्तर्दािां वातरोगोपशमाथं नियत े । शरत्काल े नवरेििां

नपिरोगशमिाथयम् । मधवुासरेष ुवसन्तनर्दिषे ुवमिां शे्लष्मरोगोपशमाथं नियत इनत । (पिसटाचार्य)

Vata vikara (pravrut) – Basti

Pitta vikara (sharad) – Virechana

Kapha vikara (vasanta) – Vamana

शोधि वकृ्ष :

अथापरे त्रयो वकृ्षािः पथृग्य ेफलमुनलनभिः ।

स्िहु्यकायश्मन्तकास्तषेानमर्दां कमय पथृक् पथृक् ॥

वमि ेअश्मन्तकां नवद्यात ्स्िहुीक्षीरां नवरेिि े।

क्षीरमकय स्य नवज्ञयेां वमि ेसनवरेिि े॥

इमाांस्त्रीिपराि ्वकृ्षािाहुयषेाां नहतास्त्वििः ।

पूतीकिः कृष्णगन्धा ि नतल्वकश्च तथा तरु: ॥

नवरेिि ेप्रयोिव्यिः पूतीकनस्तल्वकस्तथा ।

कृष्णगन्धा पररसप ेशोथषे्वशय:स ु िोच्यत े॥

र्दिनुविनधगण्डषे ुकुष्ठेष्वप्यलर्ीष ुि ।

षड्वकृ्षाञ्छोधिाितेािनप नवद्यानद्विक्षणिः ॥ (ि.सू – १/११४-११८)

Ksheer pradhan vriksha – Snuhi (virechana)

Arka (vamana & virechana)

Asmantaka (vamana)

Twaka pradhan vriksha –Putika (virechana)

Tilwaka (virechana)

Krishnagandha (visarpa,shotha,arsha,dadru,vidradhi,ganda,kustha,alaji)

शोधि योग्य :

अनवपाक अरुनििः स्थौल्यां पण्डुता गौरवां क्लमिः ।

नपडकाकोठकण्डूिाां सांभवो अरनतरेव ि ॥

आलस्यश्रमर्दौबयल्यां र्दौगयन्र्धयमवसार्दकिः ।

शे्लष्मनपिसमुत्क्लशेो नििािाश अनतनििता ॥

तन्िा क्ल ब्यमबनुद्धत्वमशस्तस्वप्िर्दशयिम् ।

बलवणयप्रणाशश्च तपृ्यतो बृांहण रनप ।।

बहुर्दोषस्य नलङ्गानि तस्म सांशोधिां नहतम् ।

उर्धवं ि वािलुोमां ि यथार्दोषां यथाबलम् ॥ (ि. सू – १६/१३-१६)

Avipaka,aruchi,sthoulya,pandu,gourava,klama,pidaka,kotha,kandu,alasya,dourbalya,dourgandha,avasadaka, sleshma &

pitta utklesha,nidra nasha,ati nidra,tandra,klaivya,abuddhitwa,bala varna nasha,bahu dosha linga etc.

शोधि अयोग्य :

िण्डिः साहनसको भीरुिः कृतघ्िो व्याग्र एव ि ।

सिार्नभषर्ाां द्विेातानद्वििः शोकपीनडतिः ॥

यादृनश्छको मुमूषयच्ि नवहीििः करण श्च यिः ।

व री व द्यनवर्दग्धच्ि श्रद्धाहीििः सशुङ्नकत: ॥

नभषर्ामनवधयेश्च ि उपिम्या नभषनग्वर्दा ।

एतािपुिरि् व द्यो बहूि् र्दोषान्वाप्ियात ्॥

एभ्या अन्य ेसमुपिम्या िरािः सवयरुपिम िः ।

अवस्थाां प्रनवभर्जयषेाां वर्जयय कायय ि वक्षत े॥ (च. पस – २/४-७)

Chandya,ati sahasa,krutaghna,vyagra, raja & bhishak dwesha, mumurshu, anupakramya rogi etc.

वर्जयय नवषय :

अि महार्दोष :

उच्ि भायष्यां रथक्षोभमनतिांिमणासि े।

अर्ीणोनहत भोर्जय ेि नर्दवास्वप्ि सम थिुम् ॥ (च.पस – १२/१०)

Some factors have the harmful effect to human body. These factors should be avoided for healthy persons as well as

diseased person. So these factors also are avoided after Shodhana therapy.

उच्चरै्ायष्र् (loud speech) – causes pain in upper part of the body

रथक्षोर् (riding wooden cart) – causes pain all over the body

अपिचंक्रमण (travelling long way) – causes pain in lower part of the body

अपि आसन (constant sitting) – causes pain middle part of the body

अजीणय र्ोजन (indigestion) – formation of ama

अपिि र्ोजन (unwholesome food) – aggravates different Doshas

पदवास्वप्न (sleep during daytime) – increased kapha

मथुैनम् (sexual intercourse) – kshaya of the body

अत्यासिस्थािविाांनस याि ।

स्वप्िनर्दवा म थिुवगेरोधि् ॥

शीतोपिारातपशोकरोषाांस्त्यर्रे्दकालानहतभोर्िां ि । (च. पस – १/५४)

अर्ीणय म थिुां याि उच्ि भायष्यां नर्दवाशयम् ।

अनतिांिमणास्थािमसात्म्यानर्द ि वर्ययते ्॥ (का.सं.पस – ५/४)

रु्दवयल परुुष शोधि :

र्दबुयलस्य र्दोषािल्पािल्पाि् पिुिः पिुिः ।

हरेत ्प्रभतुािल्पाांस्त ुशमयते प्रच्यतुािनप ॥ (सु.पच-३३/३७)

In a week person, Doshas which are copious & moving should be expelled in a small quantity again and again; &

doshas if less, should be mitigated through moving.

शोधिोिर निनकत्सा :

भषेर्क्षनपत ेप्यमाहार बृांहणां िमात ्।

शानलषनिकगोधूममुद्गमाांसघतृानर्दनभ: ॥

हृद्यर्दीपिभ षर्जयसांयोगािनुिपनिर्द िः ।

साभ्यङ्गोद्वतयिस्िािनिरुहस्िहेबनस्तनभिः ॥ (अ.हृ.स ू-४/२८,२९)

Bheshaja,pathya,vrumhanaahara,saali,sasthik,godhuma,mudga,mamsa,ghrita,hrudyarasa,yavagu,dipaniya oushadha,

abhyanga,udvartana,snana,niruha & sneha basti.

CRITERIA TO SELECT A PATIENT FOR SHODHANA :

समीक्ष्य र्दोषौषधर्दशेकालसात्म्यानग्िसत्त्वानर्दवयोबलानि ।

बनस्तिः प्रयिुो नियतां गणुाय स्यात ्सवयकमायनण ि

नसनद्धमनन्त ॥ (च.पस – ३/६)

To achieve success in the administration of Shodhana & to obtained the desired effects, Shodhana should be

administered keeping in view the factors like the nature of Dosha, Oushadha, Desha, Kaala, Satmya, Agni, Sattva; & the

vaya and bala of the patient.

In Bahu Doshavastha Shodhana therapy should administered.

IMPORTANCE OF पूवयकमय IN शोधि :

प्राक् पाििां स्िहेनवनधस्ततच्ि स्वरे्दस्ततिः स्याद्वमिां नवरेकिः ।

निरुहणान्वासिवनस्तकमय िस्यिमश्चनेत नभषग्वराणाम् ॥ (पचपकत्साकापलका)

यषेाां िस्यां नवधातव्यां वनस्तश्च व नह र्दनेहिाम् ।

शोधिीयाश्च य ेकेनित ्पूवं स्वेद्यास्त ुत ेमतािः ॥ (सु.पच-३३/१७)

Person who are to be administered Nasya, Basti adi Shodhan therapies, for them Swedadi purva karma should be done

before Shodhana.

स्िहेस्वरे्दाविभ्यस्य यस्त ुसांशोधिां नपबते ्।

र्दारु शषु्कनमवािाम ेर्दहेस्तस्य नवशीययत े॥

स्िहेस्वरे्दप्रिनलता रस िः नस्िग्ध रूर्दीररतािः ।

र्दोषािः कोष्ठगता र्न्तोिः सखुा हतुं नवशोधि : ॥ (सु.पच – ३३/४६,४७)

Those who are not given Snehana & Swedana before Shodhana therapy, their body destroyed just as a dry piece of

wood when made to bend. Doshas which are made to move by Snehana & Swedana therapy, increased by the use of

Snigdha rasa & which have come into kostha are easy to expelled out by Shodhana therapies.

शाखागतस्यानप र्दोषस्य कोष्ठाियिहते:ु स्िहेिः , स्वरे्दिः कोष्ठमागतस्य सखुिे प्रवनृिकरश्चनेत र्दशययन्िाह –

स्िहेस्वरे्द प्रिनलता इत्यानर्द । (डल्िण)

Before Shodhana therapy Snehana & Swedana Should be given. It helps to bring the Doshas from Shakha to Kostha.

स्िहेमग्र ेप्रयञु्र्ीत ततिः स्वरे्दमिन्तरम् ।

स्िहेस्वरे्दोपपन्न्स्य सांशोधिमथतेरत ्॥ (च.सु – १३/९९)

Snehana therapy is required to be administerd first, then the swedana therapy is to be applied. Finally the Shodhana

therapy is to be administerd after the administration of of Snehana & swedana.

IMPORTANCE OF PASCHAT KARMA AFTER SODHANA :

शोधििे र्दोषक्षय तथा धातकु्षय प्रनतकार

भषेर्क्षनपत ेप्यमाहार रेव वृांहणम् ।

घतृमाांसरसक्षीरहृद्ययषुोपशांनहत िः ॥

अभ्यङ्गोत्सार्दि िः स्िाि नियरूह िः सािवुासि िः ।

तथ स लभत ेशमय यरु्जयत ेिायुषा निरम् ॥ (च.स ू-१६/२३)

Bheshaja,pathya,vrumhanaahara,saali,sasthik,godhuma,mudga,mamsa,ghrita,hrudyarasa,yavagu,dipaniya oushadha,

abhyanga,udvartana,snana,niruha & sneha basti.

After Shodhana karma human body gets weak & the agni is diminished. Samsarjana karma is nothing but a dietary

regimen which is used to bring the agni to its normalcy.

PROBABLE MODE OF

ACTION OF SHODHANA

PROCEDURES

वमि :

AYURVEDIC CONCEPT (ि.क – १/५)

Vamaka drugs possessing the properties like Usna, Tiksna, Suksma, Vyavayi, Vikasi

and with their ‘Swavirya’

Move to ‘Hridaya’

From there, through various ‘Dhamanis’ lead to micro and macro channels in the body

Act over the vitiated complexes in the body

(i) With 'Agneya Property' - liquefy the complexes

(ii) With 'Tiksna property' - Break them down into several particles

Liquefied matter then glides through various unctuous or smooth channels towards Kostha

Enter 'Amasaya' and then stimulated by 'Udana Vayu“

Having the dominance of 'Agni' and 'Vayu' elements in the constitution along with self

disposition (Prabhava)

Move in upward direction towards oral cavity

Expelled to outside through it

VAMANA

Vamaka drug has the properties like Usna, Tiksna, Suksma, Vyavayi, Vikasi guna &and with their ‘Swavirya’ moves to hridaya. Then it circulates all over the body through various dhamanis and acts over the vitiated complexes in the body. Then it liquefies the complexes & break them into several particles. After that it moves upward direction due to urdhaga prabhava & expels out through mouth. In case of Virechana it moves downwards due to adhaga prabhava & expels out through anus.

PROBABLE MODERN CONCEPT

Upper GIT when full Electrical Stimuli for Psychic Stimuli

of contents stimulation administration of drugs

Over distended & Over excitable CTZ stimulation Directly stimulates hypothalamus

Stimulates Vomiting centre

Automatic motor reaction

Motor impulses are transmitted from vomiting centre through

5th,7th,9th,10th,12th Cranial nerves Spinal nerves

Upper GIT Diaphragm & abdominal muscles

Initiates VOMITING

Vomitting centre stimulates due to 3 cause – Upper GIT with full of contents, CTZ

stimulation & psychic stimuli. Then the motor impulse transmitted through

5th,7th,9th,10th,12th Cranial nerves & Spinal nerves. The nerve impulse stimulates Upper

GIT, Diaphragm & abdominal muscles and Initiates VOMITING.

नवरेिि :

AYURVEDIC CONCEPT (ि.क – १/५)

Virechaka drugs possessing the properties like Usna, Tiksna, Suksma, Vyavayi, Vikasi

and with their ‘Swavirya’

Move to ‘Hridaya’

From there, through various ‘Dhamanis’ lead to micro and macro channels in the body

Act over the vitiated complexes in the body

(i) With 'Agneya Property' - liquefy the complexes

(ii) With 'Tiksna property' - Break them down into several particles

Liquefied matter then glides through various unctuous or smooth channels towards Kostha

Enter 'Amasaya' and then stimulated by 'Udana Vayu“

Having the dominance of 'Prithivi' and 'Jala' elements in the constitution along with self

disposition (Prabhava)

Move in downward direction towards Anus

(due to Sara guna)

Expelled to outside through it

VIRECHANA

PROBABLE MODERN CONCEPT

Ingestion of Virechana drug

Irritation of gastric mucosa

Sensory signal goes to defecation centre in Medulla oblongata

Motor response from defecation centre

Through ganglionic plexus Through vagus nerve

Increased peristalsis Secretion of various enzymes from

Gall bladder, pancreas,bruner’s gland

Reduced absorption Fluid accumulationin the gut

Increased hydrostatic pressure

Irritation of sacral & lumber plexus

VIRECHANA

Virechana drugs irritates gastric mucosa. Then Sensory signal goes to defecation centre in Medulla oblongata. After that the Motor response goes to defecation centre. Through ganglionic plexus it increases peristalsis & through vagus nerve it secrets various enzymes from Gall bladder, pancreas,bruner’s gland. Then Reduced absorption & Fluid accumulationin the gut takes place. It helps to increase hydrostatic pressure. Then Irritation of sacral & lumber plexus takes place. Then the defecation occur.

बनस्त :

AYURVEDIC CONCEPT

POSITION – According to Parashara, Guda is the Mula of the body where all the siraas are located. When basti dravyas administered through the guda, it reaches all over the body. Basti should given to the patient lying on left lateral side as as the Grahani & Guda are situated on the left side of the body. (cha,si- 3/24)

PAKVASAYA – The given Basti when enters into the pakvasaya, by its virya ,draws the morvid dosha loddged in the entire body from foot to head, just as the sun situated in the sky sucks up the moisture from the earth. (cha. Si-7/64)

GRAHANI – Basti dravya reaches first to pakvasaya & the to the Grahani. Pakvasaya is the site of purishdhara kala & Grahani is the site of pittadhara kala. Acharya Dalhana says that purishdhara kala & asthi dhara kala is same and pittadhara kala & majja dhara kala is same.So from these we say that basti has direct action on asthi & majja dhatu. Majja is present in the asthi. Also mastulanga is considered as mastaka majja is the seat of vata. So in this way basti is act in CNS. (su,kal-4/40) (su,su-32/12)

PROBABLE MODERN CONCEPT

The mode of action of basti can be understand in the following way –

Drug is administered through anal region

It gets absorbed in intestinal mucosa & works by 4 mechanism –

1. By absorption mechanism

2. By system biology mechanism

3. By neural stimulation mechanism

4. By excretory mechanism

ABSORPTION MECHANISM

Hyper osmosis takes place

From colon cell to lumen

Absorption of endotoxins

Irritation of Large intestine (due to irrtant property)

Elimination

SYSTEM BIOLOGY MECHANISM

Drug is administered through anal region

It gets absorbed in intestinal mucosa

Lipid soluble Water soluble

Passive diffusion Active diffusion

By these diffusion mechanism the Basti drugs goes to epithelial cell. Then it goes to the capillaries. Then goes to cell after that molecules.

NEURAL STIMULATION MECHANISM

Drug given

ENS is stimulated

Excites mysentric plexus & sub mucosal plexus

Neurotransmitters carries information to CNS

CNS acts independently to produce the GUT feeling

EXCRETORY MECHANISM

The sigmoidal, rectal & anal region of large intestine are considerably better supplied with

parasympathetic nerve fibers than other part of intestine. They are mainly stimulating in

action & functions especially on defecation reflexes.

िस्य :

AYURVEDIC CONCEPT (अ. स, स ू– २९/३)

Nasa is the gateway of Shira

Drug administerd through the nostrils

Drug reaches in Srungataka marma

Spreads in the Murdha taking marma of netra, karna, kantha, siramukha

Scratches the morbid doshas in supra clavicular region

Expels the vitiated dosha from uttamanga

PROBABLE MODERN CONCEPT

The drug is administered through Nostrils

Goes to the nasal cavity

It passes through the Crebiform plate (found in nasal cavity floor)

It transverse by olfactory neurons of the Receptor cells

It excites the middle cephalic fossa

It is connected with 3rd,4th,5th, 6th crenial nerves

Pituitary gland can also be approached trans nasal route

Thus the drug acts on brain

रि मोक्षण :

AYURVEDIC CONCEPT

RAKTAPRASADANA

This occurs by the stimulation of Yakrit & Pleeha, which r the root of Raktavaha Srotas. When these Organs are corrected, then the whole Raktavaha Srotas get Corrected. Raktamokshana decrease the workload on Raktavaha Srotas & thus the Yakrit & Pleeha. The Sandrata (prithivi mahabhuta), Dravata (jala mahabhuta) & Pressure (vayu mahabhuta) are corrected.

PITTA SHODHANA

Rakta is the seat of Pitta. So Rakta mokshana helps in the Shodhana of pitta.

PROBABLE MODERN CONCEPT

1. Reduces the work load on liver & spleen; stimulates the liver & spleen to perform their normal functions; removes the old & damaged blood cells & helps in formation of new blood cells.

2. Reduces blood pressure, so useful in HTN.

3. Reduces the viscosity of blood & thus prevents the thrombus formation, so useful in DVT, thrombo embolism etc.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHODHANA & PANCHAKARMA :

SHODHANA PANCHAKARMA 5 types – Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya, Raktamokshana

Mainly 5 types – Vamana, Virechana, Anuvasana basti, Niruha Basti, Shirovirechana. But abyanga, mastiska procedures, different types of swdana are included.

It is under in Langhana Chikitsa It acts -Langhana, Brumhana & Rasayana

DISCUSSION :

Is there any major difference in efficacy of Classical Shodhana procedures & Modified Shodhana procedures?

What are the consequences if proper Shodhana Kala are not Maintain in Acute condition of the patients ?

CONCLUSION :

Shodhana acts as Preventive, Curative & Health promotive aspects –

Preventive aspect

Shodhana therapy ideally suits for those person who is tend to go through a disease. Thus the sufficient prevention is maintained for the occurrence of the pathogenesis.

Curative aspects

When the disease has actually taken place to the vital, to break the pathogenesis, the vital mode of treatment is Shodhana therapy.

Health promotive aspect

Not only preventive & curative aspects, it also helps in rebuilding the health.

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