Configuring a Router

Router user interface

• The Cisco IOS software uses a command-line interface (CLI) as the traditional console environment.

• This environment is accessible through several methods:– Console– AUX port (modem)– Telnet

Establishing a HyperTerminal session

Take the following steps to connect a terminal to the console port on the router: • Connect the terminal using the RJ-45 to RJ-45 rollover cable and an RJ-45 to

DB-9 or RJ-45 to DB-25 adapter. • Configure the terminal or PC terminal emulation software for 9600 baud, 8 data

bits, no parity, 1 stop bit, and no flow control.

Rollover cable

Console port

Com1 or Com2 serial port

Terminal or a PC with terminal emulation software

Router

Establishing a HyperTerminal session

• Important: A console connection is not the same as a network connection!

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Logging into the router

• Two commands can be used to set a password used to access privileged EXEC mode: enable password and enable secret

• The following are specific modes that can also be accessed from the global configuration mode:– Interface – Subinterface – Line – Router – Route-map

CLI command modes

Router>enableRouter#configure terminalRouter(config)# interface fa 0/0Router(config-if)#

The command Exit will take you up one level

Configuring a router name

Router#config t

Router(config)#hostname Tokyo

Tokyo(config)#

Configuring a serial interface

Router(config)#interface serial 0/0

Router(config-if)#ip address <ip address> <netmask>

Configuring an IP Address on an interface…

show ip interface command

• A serial interface will not show “up” and “up” unless both ends are properly configured (mostly) and the no shutdown command is used.

• If one router’s configuration looks okay, check the other router’s configuration.

Router# show ip interface brief

Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol

Ethernet0 131.108.1.11 YES manual up up

Serial0 198.135.2.49 YES manual administratively down down

What is wrong here? The administrator has either done a “shutdown” on the interface or has forgotten to do a “no shutdown”.

Lab

Real world

• On serial links that are directly interconnected, as in a lab environment, one side must be considered a DCE and provide a clocking signal.

• The clock is enabled and speed is specified with the clock rate command.

Router(config)#interface serial 0/0

Router(config-if)#clock rate 56000 (on DCE end Only)

Router(config-if)#no shutdown

Configuring a serial interfaceDCE DTE

Configuring an Ethernet Interface

  First, RIP is enabled on each router.  From global configuration you will enter the command (the

default is RIPv1):Router(config)#router rip Second, Once you are in the Router RIP configuration sub-

mode, all you need to do is enter the classful network address for each directly connected network, using the network command.

Router(config-router)#network directly-connected-classful-network-address

 

Configuring a Dynamic Routing Protocol:Configuring RIPv1

First, we Configure the interfaces on each router

SanJose2

hostname SanJose2

interface ethernet 0

ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

interface serial 0

ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

 

SanJose1

hostname SanJose1

interface ethernet 0

ip add 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

interface serial 0

ip add 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

clockrate 64000

interface serial 1

ip add 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

clockrate 64000

 

Baypointe

hostname Baypointe

interface ethernet 0

ip add 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0

interface serial 0

ip add 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

Example

When done configuring the interfaces use the command: show ip interface brief

Here are the commands for each router:

 

SanJose2#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

SanJose2(config)#router rip

SanJose2(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0

SanJose2(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

 

Baypointe#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

Baypointe(config)#router rip

Baypointe(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0

Baypointe(config-router)#network 192.168.5.0

 

SanJose1#configure terminal

Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.

SanJose1(config)#router rip

SanJose1(config-router)#network 192.168.2.0

SanJose1(config-router)#network 192.168.3.0

SanJose1(config-router)#network 192.168.4.0

Second, we configure RIPv1

Third, We check on the routing table for each router

 SanJose2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M -

mobile, B - BGP <omitted> i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, *

- candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set R 192.168.4.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10,

Serial0R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10,

Serial0C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.2, 00:00:10,

Serial0SanJose2#

 

SanJose1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

<omitted>

Gateway of last resort is not set 

C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1

R 192.168.5.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.1, 00:00:12, Serial1

R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.2.1, 00:00:10, Serial0

C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0

C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0

Third, We check on the routing table for each router

 Baypointe#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M -

mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF

inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external

type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E

- EGP i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, * -

candidate default U - per-user static route, o - ODR Gateway of last resort is not set C 192.168.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0C 192.168.5.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0R 192.168.1.0/24 [120/2] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:23, Serial0R 192.168.2.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:23, Serial0R 192.168.3.0/24 [120/1] via 192.168.4.2, 00:00:23, Serial0

Third, We check on the routing table for each router

startup-config

RAMrunning-config

During bootup

• Changes to the router are automatically put in the running-config file.• If the router loses power or reboots, everything in RAM is lost including the running-

config file.• To make sure the changes to the router’s configuration remain saved, you must copy

the running-config from RAM into the startup-config into NVRAM:

Router# copy running-config startup-config

Router# copy running-config startup-config

copy running-config startup-config

Router# copy running-config startup-config OrRouter# copy running startup ORRouter# copy run start ORAny usage of the command or parameters, so that they are still uniquely recognizable .

WARNING• Using an incorrect configuration file name could overwrite the router’s IOS in flash, as the router believes

you are trying to copy a blank file into flash.

Router#copy running-config start-up **** NOTICE ****Flash load helper v1.0This process will accept the copy options and then terminatethe current system image to use the ROM based image for the copy.Routing functionality will not be available during that time.If you are logged in via telnet, this connection will terminate.Users with console access can see the results of the copy operation. ---- ******** ----Proceed? [confirm]^C%Copy cancelled by user request.Router#

Incorrect file name!

Press <control> C

copy running-config startup-config

Examining the show commands (typed from Privileged Mode)

• Show ip interface Brief: Shows the status of the interfaces along with their IP Addresses

• show startup-configuration – Displays the saved configuration located in NVRAM

• show running-configuration – Displays the configuration currently running in RAM

How to Reset The Router

1. Router> enable

2. Router# erase start (Press enter to confirm): This step erases the configuration file

3. Router# Reload : This step soft-boots the router

4. After the router reloads, the following question will show:“Would you like to enter the setup mode”, Please answer “no” to that question.

5. The router should now take you to user mode: Router>

Note: If asked for a password, use the password system in the next slide

Router Passwords Used in the Cisco LabWill not be used for the VoIP Labs

Privilege Password cisco

Console password conpass

VTY 0 4 password vtypass

Auxiliary auxpass