Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals

-Bonn Convention- (Bonn, 1979)

Rationale of CMS

Migratory species are:

• Common biological resources (shared by all Ranges States)

• Vulnerable (subject to different threats in different States)

• All Range States have an individual and common responsibility to conserve and sustainably use especially for future generations

• Conservation requires coordinated measures through cooperation across the migratory range

Migratory Birds including

• Waterbirds

• Seabirds

• Grassland birds

• Raptors

Terrestrial Mammalsincluding

• Gazelles

• Elephants

• Bats

Marine Mammalsincluding

• Seals

• Dolphins / Porpoises

• some large Whales

Marine Turtles

Fish (Sharks, Sturgeon, Giant Catfish etc.)

Insects (Butterflies)

Threatening processes

Desertification

Climate change

Reducing the Threats to Migratory Species Globally

By-catch mitigation

Cetaceans

Marine turtles

Albatross and Petrels

Barriers to migration

Dams

Power lines

Fences

Wind farms

Habitat loss

Conservation

Restoration

Beyond Aesthetics: Linkages between Migratory Species, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development

Migratory species:

• Contribute to ecosystem:Structure and function (e.g., biomass, perturbance,

pollination/seed dispersal)

Provisioning services (e.g., food sources)

Regulating services (e.g., predation, pollination)

Cultural services (e.g., spiritual, recreational, educational, symbolic)

• Multi-scale contributions

• Socio-economic benefits –> sustainable livelihoods

Biodiversity-related Conventions

Operational tools of CMS:

Concerted actions, strict protection Concerted actions, strict protection for for endangeredendangered specie speciess

Co-Co-operative Agreements to restoreoperative Agreements to restorefavourable conservation statusfavourable conservation status

Co-operative research Co-operative research and and conservation conservation (projects)(projects)

APPENDIX I

Endangered species

• Strict domestic protection measures

• Conservation / and restoration of critical habitat

• Removal or mitigation of obstacles to migration

APPENDIX II

Instruments for species conservation:

• Agreements / Action Plans (legally-binding)

• Memoranda of Understanding / Action Plans

• Action Plans (stand-alone)

III. Selected CMS-sponsored Projects (as of 1 Feb.

2003)

West African cetaceans

Marine turtle by-catch

Siberiancrane

Indo-Pacific turtle genetics

Marine otter;Humboldt penguin

Huelmul deer

Ruddy-headedgoose

La Plata dolphin

Antelopes

SE Asiancetaceans

Green turtle

Slender-billedcurlew

Flamingo

Grassland birds

Ferruginous duck

Lesser white-fronted goose

White-headed duck

GEF Project: Asian Wetlands for Siberian

Cranes and other Waterbirds

• Participating countries: Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Iran, China

• Initial GEF funding: $350,000

• Full project: 5 years, $10.5 million ($12 million co-financing)

• Partners: CMS - ICF - UNEP

AEWA: Wetlands for African-Eurasian Waterbirds

• 12 demonstration sites

• $12 million dollars (GEF)

• Co-financing: Germany and Netherlands

• Partners: AEWA and Ramsar

Major CMS COP7 Outcomes

• 41 new species added: App. I (21) and App. II (20)

• Minimising threats: EIA, by-catch, oil pollution, electrocution risks and wind turbines

• CBD/CMS Joint Work Programme adopted

• Institutional MoUs with UNESCO and CITES signed

• New Agreements sought for small cetaceans and sirenians

• Support for America Pacific Flyway Program

• Sustainable use guidelines for Leatherback turtle

CMS Western Hemisphere Facts at a Glance

• Membership Latin America: 8 Parties Caribbean: 3 Parties [North America: 1 MoU signatory (IOSEA)]

• 10 projects: past, present and future (since 1999) US$180,275

Marine and terrestrial mammals (e.g., surveys/conservation actions) Terrestrial and sea birds (e.g., fishing impacts) Marine turtles (e.g., by-catch)

CMS Western Hemisphere Facts at a Glance

• Latin American Regional Workshop (2001)

• Future possible Agreements Andean flamingo Ruddy-headed goose America Pacific flyway (water birds) (?) Raptors (?) Small cetaceans (?) Bats (?)

• Co-operative relationships Inter-American Turtles Convention Cartagena Convention

• Continual evolution, adaptation through Agreements

CMS Strengths / Innovative features

• Stable atmosphere for debate

• Strong NGO partnerships

• Solid support from key countries

• Species and habitat-based approach / focus

• Pragmatic stance vis-à-vis non-Parties

For more information: CMS publications / contacts

E-mail: secretariat@cms.int

Web: www.cms.int

Photo credits:

BIOS Photo Agency, Lincoln P. Brower, Jacques Fretey, F. Graner, F. R. Greenaway, Christine Hemer, Douglas Hykle, International Crane Foundation, Paul Vescci