Coral Reef Watch – In-situ Observations (Pacific)Coral Reef Watch – In-situ Observations (Pacific)
5
7
14
25
6
3
3
8
16
30
10
3
6
47
NOW Mar04
Long-Term Ecosystem &
Oceanographic Monitoring CREWS buoys telemeter SST, salinity, wind direction & speed, atm pressure, air temp, PAR and UV-B
Subsurface Ocean Data Platform measures ocean current profiles, waves energy and direction, temperature, salinity and pressure
1
3
4
Surface Systems – Near Real-time Telemetered DataSurface Systems – Near Real-time Telemetered Data
2 43
1
1
2
213
Subsurface Systems – Data Archived Subsurface Systems – Data Archived
The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the The State of Coral Reef Ecosystems of the United States and Pacific Freely Associated United States and Pacific Freely Associated
States: 2002States: 2002
“ Hoegh-Guldberg (1999) in a recent report on the future of Hoegh-Guldberg (1999) in a recent report on the future of global bleaching events suggested that the central Pacific, global bleaching events suggested that the central Pacific,
and especially Hawaiiand especially Hawaii, will be among the last reefs to , will be among the last reefs to experience major bleaching events.” experience major bleaching events.”
September 18, 2002September 18, 2002
NWHI Coral Bleaching 2002
PocilloporaPocilloporaPoritesPorites
MontiporaMontipora
Analysis of towboard videotapes:
Pearl & Hermes Pearl & Hermes Atoll: Atoll: Preliminary Preliminary assessments of assessments of % bleaching % bleaching from in situ from in situ observationsobservations
Pearl and Hermes Atoll
Midway Atoll: Midway Atoll: Preliminary Preliminary
assessments of assessments of % bleaching % bleaching from from in situin situ
observationsobservations
Analysis of towboard Analysis of towboard videotapes:videotapes:
Midway Atoll
Kure Atoll: Preliminary observations of % bleaching from in situ observations
Analysis of towboard videotapes:
Kure Atoll: Kure Atoll: Preliminary Preliminary assessments of assessments of % bleaching % bleaching from in situ from in situ observationsobservations
distance surveyed
(km)
average % coral cover
average % coral
bleached
distance surveyed
(km)
average % coral cover
average % coral
bleachedKure 12.26 10.19 64.09 10.56 6.72 14.35Midway 8.66 11.26 77.41 21.95 1.59 15.04P&H 35.22 10.20 66.14 4.88 5.89 75.38*
TOTAL:
*15-17ft. Pearl & Hermes; 29-55 ft. Midway & Kure
56.14 km (34.9 miles) 37.39 km (23.2 miles)
Backreef (1-13' depth) Forereef *
Summary: % Bleaching by HabitatSummary: % Bleaching by Habitat
ModerateHighest Lowest
U.S. Line and Phoenix Islands (Central Pacific)U.S. Line and Phoenix Islands (Central Pacific)
Inter-Annual Variability:Inter-Annual Variability:Relatively large changes in Relatively large changes in temperatures between years.temperatures between years.
Nearest-Neighbor Nearest-Neighbor interpolation of interpolation of CTD Station CTD Station TemperaturesTemperatures
2000 La Nina
2001
2002 El Nino
American SamoaAmerican Samoa
Integration of Integration of Physical & Biological Physical & Biological
ObservationsObservations
Benthic Benthic HabitatHabitat
Ocean Ocean TemperaturesTemperatures
Rose Atoll, American SamoaRose Atoll, American Samoa
Fagasa Bay
Amanave Bay
Aunu’u Island
2003 Bleaching Alert for
American Samoa
2003 Bleaching Alert for
American Samoa
NOAA NESDIS 50 km Hotspot Analysis – 1/28/03
SummarySummary Coral Reef Watch integrates:
Satellite Observations
In-situ Observations
Ocean Modeling
Issues warnings and alerts
Need to also integrate with:
Biological monitoring of corals, other invertebrates, fish and algae
Socio-economic monitoring of anthropogenic activities
Need commitment to long-term monitoring of physical, biological, and socio-economic parameters for sustainable conservation and management.
Coral Reef Watch integrates:
Satellite Observations
In-situ Observations
Ocean Modeling
Issues warnings and alerts
Need to also integrate with:
Biological monitoring of corals, other invertebrates, fish and algae
Socio-economic monitoring of anthropogenic activities
Need commitment to long-term monitoring of physical, biological, and socio-economic parameters for sustainable conservation and management.