CSC-211 Multifunction Protection IED Technical Application Manual_V1.01

CSC-211

Multifunction Protection IED

Technical Application Manual

CSC-211 Multifunction

Protection IED

Technical Application Manual

Compiled: Jin Rui

Checked: Hou Changsong

Standardized: Li Lianchang

Inspected: Cui Chenfan

Version V1.01

Doc.Code0SF.451.085(E)

Issued Date2012.8.31

VersionV1.01

Doc. Code: 0SF.451.085(E)

Issued Date2012.8

Copyright owner: Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd

Note: the company keeps the right to perfect the instruction. If equipment does not agree with

the instruction at anywhere, please contact our company in time. We will provide you with

corresponding service.

is registered trademark of Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.

We reserve all rights to this document, even in the event that a patent is issued and a different commercial proprietary right is registered. Improper use, in particular reproduction and dissemination to third parties, is not permitted.

This document has been carefully checked. If the user nevertheless detects any errors, he is asked to notify us as soon as possible.

The data contained in this manual is intended solely for the IED description and is not to be deemed to be a statement of guaranteed properties. In the interests of our customers, we constantly seek to ensure that our products are developed to the latest technological standards as a result it is possible that there may be some differences between the hardware/software product and this information product.

Manufacturer: Beijing Sifang Automation Co., Ltd.

Tel: +86 10 62962554, +86 10 62961515 ext. 8998 Fax: +86 10 82783625 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.sf-auto.com

Add: No.9, Shangdi 4th Street, Haidian District, Beijing, P.R.C.100085

Preface

Purpose of this manual

This manual describes the functions, operation, installation, and placing into service of IED CSC-211. In particular, one will find:

Information on how to configure the IED scope and a description of the IED functions and setting options;

Instructions for mounting and commissioning;

Compilation of the technical specifications;

A compilation of the most significant data for experienced users in the Appendix.

Target audience

This manual mainly face to installation engineer, commissioning engineer and

operation engineer with perfessional electric and electrical knowledge, rich

experience in protection function, using protection IED, test IED, responsible

for the installation, commissioning, maintenance and taking the protection

IED in and out of normal service.

Applicability of this manual

This manual is valid for CSC-211 multifunction protection IED.

Technical support

In case of further questions concerning the CSC family, please contact

SiFang compay or your local SiFang representative.

Safety information

Strictly follow the company and international safety regulations. Working in a high voltage environment requires serious approch to

aviod human injuries and damage to equipment

Do not touch any circuitry during operation. Potentially lethal

voltages and currents are present

Avoid to touching the circuitry when covers are removed. The IED contains electirc circuits which can be damaged if exposed to static

electricity. Lethal high voltage circuits are also exposed when covers

are removed

Using the isolated test pins when measuring signals in open circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents are present

Never connect or disconnect wire and/or linker to or from IED during normal operation. Dangerous voltages and currents are present.

Operation may be interrupted and IED and measuring circuitry may

be damaged

Always connect the IED to protective earth regardless of the operating conditions. Operating the IED without proper earthing may

damage both IED and measuring circuitry and may cause injuries in

case of an accident.

Do not disconnect the secondary connection of current transformer without short-circuiting the transformers secondary winding.

Operating a current transformer with the secondary winding open will

cause a high voltage that may damage the transformer and may

cause injuries to humans.

Do not remove the screw from a powered IED or from an IED connected to power circuitry. Potentially lethal voltages and currents

are present

Using the certified conductive bags to transport PCBs (modules). Handling modules with a conductive wrist strap connected to

protective earth and on an antistatic surface. Electrostatic discharge

may cause damage to the module due to electronic circuits are

sensitive to this phenomenon

Do not connect live wires to the IED, internal circuitry may be damaged

When replacing modules using a conductive wrist strap connected to protective earth. Electrostatic discharge may damage the modules

and IED circuitry

When installing and commissioning, take care to avoid electrical shock if accessing wiring and connection IEDs

Changing the setting value group will inevitably change the IEDs operation. Be careful and check regulations before making the

change

Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1

1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 2

2 Features ...................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Functions..................................................................................................................................... 5

3.1 Protection functions ..................................................................................................... 5

3.2 Control functions .......................................................................................................... 6

3.3 Monitoring functions ..................................................................................................... 6

3.4 Station communication ................................................................................................ 6

3.5 IED software tools ........................................................................................................ 7

Chapter 2 General IED application ............................................................................................... 9

1 Display on LCD screen ............................................................................................................. 10

1.1 LCD screen display function ...................................................................................... 10

1.2 Analog display function .............................................................................................. 10

1.3 Report display function .............................................................................................. 10

1.4 Menu dispaly function ................................................................................................ 10

2 Report record ............................................................................................................................ 11

3 Disturbance recorder ................................................................................................................ 12

3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 12

3.2 Fault recording ........................................................................................................... 12

3.3 Wave recording .......................................................................................................... 12

3.4 Sequence of event record.......................................................................................... 13

3.5 Operation record ........................................................................................................ 13

4 Self-supervision function ........................................................................................................... 14

4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 14

4.2 Self-supervision principle ........................................................................................... 14

4.3 Self-supervision report ............................................................................................... 14

5 Time synchroniation function .................................................................................................... 16

5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 16

5.2 Synchronization principle ........................................................................................... 16

5.2.1 Synchronization from IRIG......................................................................................... 17

5.2.2 Synchronization via PPS or PPM .............................................................................. 17

5.2.3 Synchronization via SNTP ......................................................................................... 17

6 Setting ....................................................................................................................................... 18

6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 18

6.2 Operation principle ..................................................................................................... 18

7 Authorization ............................................................................................................................. 19

7.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 19

Chapter 3 Overcurrent protection ............................................................................................... 21

1 Overcurrent protection .............................................................................................................. 22

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 22

1.2 Protection principle .................................................................................................... 22

1.2.1 Time characteristics ........................................................................................... 22

1.2.2 Inrush restraint function ..................................................................................... 24

1.2.3 Low voltage component ..................................................................................... 24

1.2.4 Direction determination feature .......................................................................... 25

1.2.5 Logic diagram..................................................................................................... 26

1.3 Input and output signals ............................................................................................ 28

1.4 Setting parameters .................................................................................................... 29

1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 29

1.5 Reports ...................................................................................................................... 30

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 31

Approx. 0.95 at I/In 0.5 ................................................................................................... 31

Chapter 4 Earth fault protection ................................................................................................. 33

1 Earth fault protection ................................................................................................................. 34

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 34


1.2.1 Time characteristic ............................................................................................. 35

1.2.2 Inrush restraint ................................................................................................... 36


1.2.4 Logic diagram..................................................................................................... 39



1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 42

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 44

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 44

Approx. 0.95 at I/Ir 0.5 .................................................................................................... 44

Chapter 5 Sensitive earth fault protection .................................................................................. 47

1 Sensitive overcurrent protection ............................................................................................... 48

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 48


1.2.1 Time characteristic ............................................................................................. 48


1.2.3 Logic diagram..................................................................................................... 52



1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 54

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 56

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 56

Chapter 6 Negative-sequence overcurrent protection ............................................................... 59

1 Negative-sequence overcurrent protection ............................................................................... 60

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 60


1.2.1 Protection function description ........................................................................... 60

1.2.2 Logic diagram..................................................................................................... 61



1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 63

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 64

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 64

Chapter 7 Thermal overload protection ...................................................................................... 67

1 Thermal overload protection ..................................................................................................... 68

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 68


1.2.1 Function description ........................................................................................... 68

1.3 Input and output signals............................................................................................. 70


1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 70

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 71

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 71

Chapter 8 Current overload protection ....................................................................................... 73

1 Current overload protection ...................................................................................................... 74

1.1 Function description ................................................................................................... 74

1.1.1 Logic diagram ..................................................................................................... 74


1.3 Setting parameter ...................................................................................................... 75

1.3.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 75

1.4 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 75

Chapter 9 Overvoltage protection ............................................................................................... 77

1 Overvoltage protection .............................................................................................................. 78

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 78


1.2.1 Overvoltage protection principle ........................................................................ 78

1.2.2 Voltage connection ............................................................................................. 79

1.2.3 Logic diagram ..................................................................................................... 80



1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 81

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 82

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 83

Chapter 10 Undervoltage protection............................................................................................. 85

1 Undervoltage protection ............................................................................................................ 86

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 86


1.2.1 Protection function description ........................................................................... 86

1.2.2 Voltage connection ............................................................................................. 87

1.2.3 Depending on the VT location ............................................................................ 88

1.2.4 Logic diagram ..................................................................................................... 89



1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 92

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................. 93

1.6 Technical data ........................................................................................................... 93

Chapter 11 Displacement voltage protection ............................................................................... 95

1 Displacement voltage protection............................................................................................... 96

1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 96


1.2.1 Displacement voltage input ................................................................................ 96

1.2.2 Protection description ........................................................................................ 96

1.2.3 Logic diagram..................................................................................................... 97



1.4.1 Setting list ........................................................................................................... 99

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 100

1.6 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 100

Chapter 12 Circuit breaker failure protection.............................................................................. 103

1 Circuit breaker failure protection ............................................................................................. 104

1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 104

1.2 Protection principle .................................................................................................. 104

1.2.1 Protection description ...................................................................................... 104

1.2.2 Current criterion evaluation .............................................................................. 105

1.2.3 Circuit breaker auxiliary contact evaluation ..................................................... 105

1.2.4 Logic diagram................................................................................................... 106

1.3 Input and output signals .......................................................................................... 107

1.4 Setting parameter .................................................................................................... 108

1.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 108

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 108

1.6 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 109

Chapter 13 Dead zone protection ............................................................................................... 111

1 Dead zone protection ............................................................................................................... 112

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 112

1.2 Protection principle ................................................................................................... 112

1.2.1 Function description .......................................................................................... 112

1.2.2 Logic diagram.................................................................................................... 114

1.3 Input and output signals ........................................................................................... 114

1.4 Setting parameter ..................................................................................................... 115

1.4.1 Setting list .......................................................................................................... 115

1.5 IED reports ................................................................................................................ 116

1.6 Technical data .......................................................................................................... 116

Chapter 14 Synchro-check and energizing check function ......................................................... 117

1 Synchro-check and energizing check function ........................................................................ 118

1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 118

1.2 Function principle ..................................................................................................... 118

1.2.1 Synchro-check mode ........................................................................................ 119

1.2.2 Energizing check mode .................................................................................... 120

1.2.3 Override mode ................................................................................................. 121

1.2.4 Logic diagram ................................................................................................... 121

1.3 Input and output signals........................................................................................... 122


1.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 123

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 124

1.6 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 125

Chapter 15 Autoreclosing function ............................................................................................. 127

1 Autoreclosing function ............................................................................................................. 128

1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 128

1.2 Function principle ..................................................................................................... 128

1.2.1 Auto-reclosing initiation modules ..................................................................... 128

1.2.2 Autoreclosing logic ........................................................................................... 129



1.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 134

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 136

1.6 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 137

Chapter 16 Unbalance protection ............................................................................................... 139

1 Unbalance protection .............................................................................................................. 140

1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 140




1.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 147

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 147

Chapter 17 Under current monitoring ......................................................................................... 149

1 Under current monitoring ........................................................................................................ 150

1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 150


1.2.1 Function description ......................................................................................... 150

1.2.2 Logic diagram ................................................................................................... 150



1.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 151

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 152

Chapter 18 Load shedding protection ........................................................................................ 153

1 Low frequency load shedding protection ................................................................................ 154

1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 154





1.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 156

1.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 157

2 Low voltage load shedding protection .................................................................................... 158

2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 158


2.2.1 Funciton description ......................................................................................... 158



2.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 160

2.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 161

3 Overload load shedding protection ......................................................................................... 162

3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 162


3.2.1 Fucntion description ......................................................................................... 162



3.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 164

3.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 164

3.6 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 165

Chapter 19 Fast busbar protection scheme ............................................................................... 167

1 Fast busbar protection scheme .............................................................................................. 168

1.1 Function description ................................................................................................ 168



1.3.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 170

1.4 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 170

Chapter 20 Secondary system supervision ................................................................................ 171

1 Current circuit supervision ...................................................................................................... 172

1.1 Function principle .................................................................................................... 172


1.1.2 Logic diagram................................................................................................... 172



1.3.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 173

1.4 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 173

2 Fuse failure supervision VT .................................................................................................... 174

2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 174

2.2 Function principle .................................................................................................... 174

2.2.1 Three phases (symmetrical) VT Fail ................................................................ 174

2.2.2 Single/two phases (asymmetrical) VT Fail ....................................................... 175

2.2.3 The fourth voltage U4 VT fail ........................................................................... 175

2.2.4 Logic diagram................................................................................................... 175



2.4.1 Setting list ......................................................................................................... 177

2.5 IED reports ............................................................................................................... 178

2.6 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 178

Chapter 21 Monitoring function .................................................................................................. 181

1 Switching devices status monitoring ....................................................................................... 182

2 Self-supervision ...................................................................................................................... 182

Chapter 22 Station communication ............................................................................................ 183

1 Overview ................................................................................................................................. 184

1.1 Protocol .................................................................................................................... 184

1.1.1 IEC61850-8 communication protocol ............................................................... 184

1.1.2 IEC60870-5-103 communication protocol ........................................................ 184

1.2 Communication port ................................................................................................. 185

1.2.1 Front communication port ................................................................................ 185

1.2.2 RS485 communication ports ............................................................................ 185

1.2.3 Ethernet communication ports ......................................................................... 185

1.3 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 185

1.4 Typical substation communication scheme ............................................................. 188

1.5 Typical time synchronizing scheme ......................................................................... 188

Chapter 23 Hardware ................................................................................................................. 189

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 190

1.1 IED structure ............................................................................................................ 190

1.2 IED module arrangement......................................................................................... 190

2 Local human-machine interface .............................................................................................. 192

2.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 192

2.2 Liquid crystal display (LCD) ..................................................................................... 192

2.3 LED .......................................................................................................................... 193

2.4 Keyboard ................................................................................................................. 193

2.5 IED menu ................................................................................................................. 194

2.5.1 Menu construction ............................................................................................ 194

2.5.2 Operation status ............................................................................................... 196

2.5.3 Operation status ............................................................................................... 197

2.5.4 Operation configuration .................................................................................... 197

2.5.5 Settings ............................................................................................................ 197

2.5.6 Report............................................................................................................... 197

2.5.7 Communication configuration .......................................................................... 198

2.5.8 Testing .............................................................................................................. 198

2.5.9 Device setup .................................................................................................... 199

2.5.10 Device information ........................................................................................... 200

3 Analog input module ............................................................................................................... 201

3.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 201

3.2 Terminals of analog input module ........................................................................... 202

3.3 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 206

4 Fast binary Input & Output module ......................................................................................... 208

4.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 208

4.2 Terminals of fast binary input & output module ....................................................... 208

4.3 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 210

5 Fast binary output module ...................................................................................................... 212

5.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 212

5.2 Terminals of fast binary output module ................................................................... 212

6 Binary input & output module .................................................................................................. 214

6.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 214

6.2 Terminals of binary & output module ....................................................................... 214

7 CPU module ............................................................................................................................ 217

7.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 217

7.2 Terminals of CPU module ....................................................................................... 217

7.3 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 219

8 Power supply module ............................................................................................................. 221

8.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 221

8.2 Terminals of power supply module .......................................................................... 221

8.3 Technical data ......................................................................................................... 223

9 Technical data ......................................................................................................................... 224

9.1 Type tests ................................................................................................................ 224

9.2 IED design ............................................................................................................... 227

9.3 CE certificate ........................................................................................................... 228

Chapter 24 Appendix .................................................................................................................. 229

1 General setting list .................................................................................................................. 230

1.1 Setting list for CSC-211 M01 ................................................................................... 230




1.5 Setting list for CSC-211 M6 ..................................................................................... 255

1.6 Setting list for CSC-211 V01 .................................................................................... 259

1.7 Setting list for CSC-211 C01 ................................................................................... 262

1.8 Setting list for CSC-211 C02 ................................................................................... 268

2 General report list ................................................................................................................... 275

2.1 Event report list ........................................................................................................ 275

2.2 Alarm report list ....................................................................................................... 277

3 Typical connection .................................................................................................................. 282

4 Time inverse characteristic ..................................................................................................... 304

4.1 11 kinds of IEC and ANSI inverse time characteristic curves ................................. 304

4.2 User defined characteristic ...................................................................................... 304

4.3 Typical inverse curves ............................................................................................. 305

5 CT Requirement ...................................................................................................................... 317

5.1 Overview .................................................................................................................. 317

5.2 Current transformer classification ............................................................................ 318

5.3 Abbreviations (according to IEC 60044-1, -6, as defined) ...................................... 319

5.4 General current transformer requirements .............................................................. 320

5.4.1 Protective checking current .............................................................................. 320

5.4.2 CT class ........................................................................................................... 320

5.4.3 Accuracy class ................................................................................................. 322

5.4.4 Ratio of CT ....................................................................................................... 322

5.4.5 Rated secondary current .................................................................................. 323

5.4.6 Secondary burden ............................................................................................ 323

5.5 Rated equivalent secondary e.m.f requirements ..................................................... 323

5.5.1 Definite time overcurrent protection and earth fault protection ........................ 324

5.5.2 Inverse time overcurrent protection and earth fault protection ........................ 325

Chapter 1 Introduction

1


About this chapter

This chapter gives an overview of SIFANG Multifunction

Protection IED CSC-211.


2

1 Overview

CSC-211 series are selective, reliable and high speed multifunction

protection IED (Intelligent Electronic Device), which are able to be applied

for protection, control and measurement for following applications:

Applicable in subtransmission network and distribution network with

solidly earthed (grounded), low-resistance earthed, isolated or

compensated neutral point

Protection of feeders, capacitors, distribution transformers, bus

coupler, etc.

Used as backup protection IED for lines, transformers, reactors and

busbar

Providing control and monitoring functions of the circuit breakers,

disconnector, etc.

Supporting all functionalities required for automation system


3

2 Features

Extensive multifunction IED including protection, control and

monitoring functions

Three pole tripping required in sub-transmission and distribution

network

A complete protection functions library, include:

Overcurrent protection (50, 51, 67)

Earth fault protection (50N, 51N, 67N)

Neutral earth fault protection (50G, 51G)

Sensitive earth fault protection (50Ns, 51Ns, 67Ns)

Negative-sequence overcurrent protection (46)

Thermal overload protection (49)

Overload protection (50OL)

Overvoltage protection (59)

Undervoltage protection (27)

Displacement voltage protection (64)

Circuit breaker failure protection (50BF)

Dead zone protection (50SH-Z)

Synchro-check and energizing check (25)

Auto-recloser function for three-phase reclosing (79)

Unbalanced current or voltage protection

Undercurrent protection (37)

load shedding function


4

Voltage transformer secondary circuit supervision (97FF)

Current transformer secondary circuit supervision

Fast overcurrent/busbar protection scheme using IEC61850

GOOSE-message

CB status supervision

Self-supervision to all modules in the IED

Complete and massive reports recording, trip reports, alarm reports,

startup reports and operation reports. Any kinds of reports can be

stored no less than 40 items, and be memorized in case of power

disconnection

Up to two electric /optical Ethernet ports can be selected to

communicate with substation automation system by IEC61850 or

IEC60870-5-103 protocols

One electric RS-485 port is able to communicate with substation

automation system by IEC60870-5-103 protocol

Time synchronization via network(SNTP), pulse and IRIG-B mode

Versatile human-machine interface

Multifunctional software tool CSmart for setting, monitoring, fault

recording analysis, configuration, etc.


5

3 Functions

3.1 Protection functions

Description ANSI Code

IEC 61850

Logical Node

Name

IEC 60617

graphical

symbol

Current protection

Overcurrent protection 50,51,67 PTOC

3IINV>

3I >>

3I >>>

Earth fault protection 50N, 51N, 67N PEFM

I0INV>

I0>>

I0>>>

Neutral earth fault protection 50G, 51G

Sensitive earth fault protection 50Ns, 51Ns,

67Ns

3INE>

3INE>>

Negative-sequence overcurrent

protection 46

Thermal overload protection 49 PTTR Ith

Overload protection 50OL PTOC 3I >OL

Voltage protection

Overvoltage protection 59 PTOV 3U>

3U>>

Undervoltage protection 27 PTUV 3U<

3U

Breaker protection and control function

Breaker failure protection 50BF RBRF

3I> BF

I0>BF

I2>BF

Dead zone protection 50SH-Z

Synchro-check and energizing check 25 RSYN

Auto-reclosing 79 RREC OI

Three-pole tripping 94-3 PTRC

Capacitor bank protection

Unbalanced current protection 46NI


6

Unbalanced voltage protection 46NU

Undercurrent protection 37 I<

Load shedding function

Low frequency load shedding function 81U

Low voltage load shedding function 27

Overload load shedding function

Secondary system supervision

CT secondary circuit supervision

VT secondary circuit supervision 97FF

Other functions

Fast busbar protection using reverse

interlocking

3.2 Control functions

Description ANSI Code

IEC 61850

Logical Node

Name

IEC 60617

graphical

symbol

Circuit breaker, disconnector and

other switching devices control

3.3 Monitoring functions

Description

Position of circuit breaker, disconnector and other switching device monitoring

Circuit breaker status supervision

Auxiliary contacts of circuit breaker supervision

Self-supervision

Fault recorder

3.4 Station communication

Description


7

Front communication port

Isolated RS232 port

Rear communication port

0-1 isolated electrical RS485 communication ports

0-2 Ethernet electrical/optical communication ports

Time synchronization port

Communication protocols

IEC 61850 protocol

IEC 60870-5-103 protocol

3.5 IED software tools

Functions

Reading measuring value

Reading IED report

Setting

IED testing

Disturbance recording analysis

IED configuration

Printing


8

Chapter 2 General IED application

9


About this chapter

This chapter describes the use of the included software

functions in the IED. The chapter discusses general application

possibilities.


10

1 Display on LCD screen

1.1 LCD screen display function

The LCD screen displays measured analog quantities, report ouputs, menu

and logic linker status.

1.2 Analog display function

The analog display includes measured Ia, Ib, Ic, 3I0, Is0, Ua, Ub, Uc, U4, Mea

Ia, Mea Ib, Mea Ic, Mea Ua, Mea Ub, Mea Uc, Mea Uab, Mea Ubc and Mea

Uca.

The Mea means that the measurement analogue quantity, for example, Mea

Ia, means the measurement current for phase A.

1.3 Report display function

The report display includes tripping, alarm and operation recording.

1.4 Menu dispaly function

The menu dispaly includes main menu and debugging menu, see chapter

Chapter 23 for detail.


11

2 Report record

The report record includes tripping, alarm and operation reports. See Chapter

24 general report list for detail.


12

3 Disturbance recorder

3.1 Introduction

To get fast, complete and reliable information about fault current, voltage,

binary signal and other disturbances in the power system is very important.

This is accomplished by the disturbance recorder function and facilitates a

better understanding of the behavior of the power system and related primary

and secondary equipment during and after a disturbance. An analysis of the

recorded data provides valuable information that can be used to explain a

disturbance, basis for change of IED setting plan, improvement of existing

equipment etc.

The disturbance recorder, always included in the IED, acquires sampled data

from measured analogue quantities, calculated analogue quantity, binary

input and output signals.

3.2 Fault recording

The IED can save the latest 40 fault records (be memorized in case of power

disconnection), which can be read via the IED operation interface or

communication port. The fault record consists of the following information:

Fault time: date and time

Event list: operative element and time

Running data: current, voltage, frequency and phase angle

Operation setting

IED operation mode

3.3 Wave recording

Wave recording function is used to record the analogue data and status with a

pre-defined length after and before disturbance occurs, reshow the operation

track of the protected IED. The recording wave includes at most 12 analogue

channels, 64 binary channels (32 binary input, 16 binary output and 16

GOOSE signal) and time sequence information. IED records the data as the

sample of 20 points in each cycle, accumulated length of each record is up to


13

8 seconds and 20 latest recording waves can be stored. Wave are searched

and called via dedicated software from the RS232 serial port on panel, and be

converted to COMTRADE format for being used by other recording wave

analysis software or fault simulation software.

3.4 Sequence of event record

The IED monitors and records the change of operation event, alarm event,

binary input, binary output and protection linker, records the event occurrence

time, reason and current status, and transfers the information to the station

control center via the communication port.

3.5 Operation record

The disturbance recorder information is saved for each of the recorded

disturbances in the IED and the user may use the local human machine

interface or dedicated tool to get some general information about the

recordings. The disturbance recording information is included in the

disturbance recorder files. The information is also available on a station bus

according to IEC 61850 and IEC 60870-5-103.

Fault wave recorder with great capacity, can record full process of any fault,

and can save the corresponding records. Optional data format or wave format

is provided, and can be exported through serial port or Ethernet port by

COMTRADE format.


14

4 Self-supervision function

4.1 Introduction

The IED may test all hardware components itself, including loop out of the

relay coil. Finding whether or not the IED is in fault through warning LED and

warning characters which shown in LCD and display reports to indicate fault

type.

The method of fault elimination is replacing fault board or eliminating external

fault.

4.2 Self-supervision principle

Measuring resistance between analog circuits and ground

Measuring the output voltage in every class

Checking zero drift and scale

Verifying alarm circuit

Verifying binary input

Checking actual live tripping including circuit breaker

Check setting values and parameters

4.3 Self-supervision report

Table 1 Self-supervision report list

Information Description

RAM Error RAM is abnormal

EPROM Error EPROM is abnormal

Flash Error Flash is abnormal

BO Abnormal Binary output is abnormal

AD Error AD is abnormal

Zero Offset Zero drift is out of limitation

Invalid SetGr Pointer of setting group is error


15


Setting Chk ERR Setting value is error

Logic Scheme ERR Logic file and CPU file do not cooperate


16

5 Time synchroniation function

5.1 Introduction

Use the time synchronization source selector to select a common source of

absolute time for the IED when it is a part of a protection system. This makes

comparison of events and disturbance data between all IEDs in a SA system

possible.

5.2 Synchronization principle

Time definitions

The error of a clock is the difference between the actual time of the clock, and

the time the clock is intended to have. The rate accuracy of a clock is

normally called the clock accuracy and means how much the error increases,

i.e. how much the clock gains or loses time. A disciplined clock is a clock that

knows its own faults and tries to compensate for them, i.e. a trained clock.

Synchronization principle

From a general point of view synchronization can be seen as a hierarchical

structure. A module is synchronized from a higher level and provides

synchronization to lower levels.

A module is said to be synchronized when it periodically receives

synchronization messages from a higher level. As the level decreases, the

accuracy of the synchronization decreases as well. A module can have


17

several potential sources of synchronization, with different maximum errors,

which gives the module the possibility to choose the source with the best

quality, and to adjust its internal clock from this source. The maximum error of

a clock can be defined as a function of:

The maximum error of the last used synchronization message

The time since the last used synchronization message

The rate accuracy of the internal clock in the module.

5.2.1 Synchronization from IRIG

The built in GPS clock module receives and decodes time information from

the global positioning system. The module is located on the CPU Module. The

GPS interfaces to the IED supply two possible synchronization methods,

IRIGB and PPS (or PPM).

5.2.2 Synchronization via PPS or PPM

The IED accepts PPS or PPM to the GPS interfaces on the CPU Module.

These pulses can be generated from e.g. station master clock. If the station

master clock is not synchronized from a world wide source, time will be a

relative time valid for the substation. Both positive and negative edges on the

signal can be accepted. This signal is also considered as a fine signal.

5.2.3 Synchronization via SNTP

SNTP provides a Ping-Pong method of synchronization. A message is sent

from an IED to an SNTP-server, and the SNTP-server returns the message

after filling in a reception time and a transmission time. SNTP operates via the

normal Ethernet network that connects IEDs together in an IEC61850

network. For SNTP to operate properly, there must be a SNTP-server present,

preferably in the same station. The SNTP synchronization provides an

accuracy that will give 1ms accuracy for binary inputs. The IED itself can be

set as a SNTP-time server.


18

6 Setting

6.1 Introduction

Settings are divided into separate lists according to different functions. The

setting consists of two parts -setting list and communication parameters.

6.2 Operation principle

The setting procedure can be ended at any the time by the key SET or

QUIT. If the key SET is pressed, the display shows the content of Select.

The range of setting zone is from 1 to 16. After confirming with the setting

zone-key SET, those new settings will be valid. If key QUIT is pressed

instead, all modifications which have been changed will be ignored.


19

7 Authorization

7.1 Introduction

To safeguard the interests of customers, both the IED and the tools that are

accessing the IED are protected, subject of authorization handling. The

concept of authorization, as it is implemented in the IED and the associated

tools is based on the following facts:

There are two types of points of access to the IED:

local, through the local HMI

remote, through the communication ports

There are different levels (or types) of guest, super user and protection

engineer that can access or operate different areas of the IED and tools

functionality.


20

Chapter 3 Overcurrent protection

21


About this chapter

This chapter describes the protection principle, input and

output signals, parameter, logic diagram, IED report and

technical data used for overcurrent protection.


22

1 Overcurrent protection

1.1 Introduction

The non-directional overcurrent elements can be applied as backup

protection functions in various applications including line and transformer

protection in systems with radial nature and those which are supplied from

a single source. The directional overcurrent protection allows the

application of the IED also in systems where protection coordination

depends on both the magnitude of the fault current and the direction of

power flow to the fault location, for instance in case of parallel lines or

transformers, or in a loop configuration. Main features of the overcurrent

protection are as follows:

Two definite time stages

One inverse time stage

11 kinds of IEC and ANSI inverse time characteristic curves as well as

optional user defined characteristic

Settable directional element characteristic angle to satisfy the different

network conditions and applications

Each stage can be set individually as directional/non-directional

Each stage can be set individually for inrush restraint

Cross blocking function for inrush detection

Settable maximum inrush current

First definite stage and inverse time stage can be set individually to

alarm or trip

VT secondary circuit supervision for directional protection. Once VT

failure happens, the directional stage can be set to be blocked or to be

non-directional

Undervoltage criteria checking (selectable), blocking of the definite

time stages is possible when the measured voltage exceeds the

threshold

1.2 Protection principle

1.2.1 Time characteristics


23

The time characteristic for each stage can be chosen as definite time stage

or some type of inverse time characteristic. 11 kinds of inverse time

characteristics are available. It is also possible to create a user defined

time characteristic. Each stage can operate in conjunction with the

integrated inrush restraint and directional functions and operate based on

measured phase current. In addition, an undervoltage control feature is

provided which can be used for definite overcurrent stages.

Furthermore, each stage is independent from each other and can be

combined as desired.

Pickup value for the definite stage can be set in setting value. Each phase

current is compared with the corresponding setting value with delay time. If

currents exceed the associated pickup value, after expiry of the time delay,

the trip command or alarm signal is issued. The dropout value of the

definite stages is approximately equal to 96% of the pickup value for I/In

0.5. The condition for delay time starting is expressed in the following

formula:

Equation 1

The delay time can be set for each definite stage individually in setting.

After the delay time elapsed, a trip command or alarm signal is issued.

For the delay time of inverse time characteristic, which is calculated here

based on the type of the set characteristic, the magnitude of the current

and a time multiplier, both ANSI and IEC based standard curves are

available, and any user-defined characteristic can be defined using

following formula:

K_OC

Equation 2

where:

A_OC: Time factor for inverse time stage

B_OC: Delay time for inverse time stage

P_OC: Index for inverse time stage


24

K_OC: Time multiplier

By applying setting of these coefficients, the IED calculates the tripping or

alarming time from the measured current in each phase separately. Once

the calculated time has been elapsed, the trip signal or alarm signal is

issued.

1.2.2 Inrush restraint function

The protection IED may detect large magnetizing inrush currents during

transformer energizing. In addition to considerable unbalance fundamental

current, inrush current comprises large second harmonic current which

does not appear in short circuit current. Therefore, the inrush current may

affect the protection functions which operate based on the fundamental

component of the measured current. Accordingly, inrush restraint logic is

provided to prevent overcurrent protection from maloperation.

The inrush restraint feature operates based on evaluation of the 2nd

harmonic content which is present in measured current. The inrush

condition is recognized when the ratio of second harmonic current to

fundamental component exceeds the corresponding setting value for each

phase. The setting value is applicable for both definite time stage and

inverse time stage. The inrush restraint feature will be performed as soon

as the ration exceeds the set threshold.

Furthermore, by recognition of the inrush current in one phase, it is

possible to set the protection in a way that not only the phase with the

considerable inrush current, but also the other phases of the overcurrent

protection are blocked for a certain time. This is achieved by

cross-blocking feature integrated in the IED.

The inrush restraint function has a maximum inrush current setting. Once

the measuring current exceeds the setting, the overcurrent protection will

not be blocked any longer.

1.2.3 Low voltage component

It is possible to set the protection in a way that the definite stages of

overcurrent element would operate only when at least one phase-to-phase

voltage falls below than the corresponding low voltage setting. This

component can be used to prevent any maloperation of the overcurrent

element during reverse charging of electric motors. The low voltage


25

component can be set for each definite stage by the dedicated binary

settings.

The voltages connected to IED may correspond to three phase to earth

voltages VA-N, VB-N, VC-N or any phase to earth voltage or phase to

phase voltage by using dedicated binary setting. In case of 3Ph V

Connect is enabled, three phase to phase voltages are measured, or any

one phase to phase voltage should be measured.

1.2.4 Direction determination feature

The direction detection is performed by determining the position of current

vector in directional characteristic. In other word, it is done by comparing

phase angle between the fault current and the reference voltage. Figure 1

illustrates the direction detection characteristic for phase A element.

Forward

UBC_Ref

Ph_Char

IA

IA-

0

90

Bisector

Figure 1 Direction detection characteristic of overcurrent protection directional element

where:

Ph_Char: The settable characteristic angle

The assignment of the applied measuring values used in direction

determination has been shown in Table 2 for different types of faults.

Table 2 Assignment of applied current and reference voltage for directional element

Phase Current Voltage

A aI bcU

B bI caU


26

C cI abU

As can be seen from Table 2, the healthy voltages are used in direction

determination. This guarantee corrects direction determination even if the

fault voltage has collapsed totally because of a single-phase short-circuit

fault. For three-phase short-circuit fault, without any healthy phase,

memory voltage values are used to determine direction clearly if the

measured voltage values are not sufficient. The detected direction is

based on the memory voltage of previous power cycles.

During direction detection, if VT fail happens (a short circuit or broken wire

in the voltage transformer's secondary circuit or operation of the voltage

transformer fuse), may result in maloperation by directional overcurrent

elements. In such situation, directional (if selected) overcurrent protection

will be blocked.

1.2.5 Logic diagram

OR

AND

Ia2/Ia1 >

Ib2/Ib1 >

Ic2/Ic1 >

t <

Cross BLK

Figure 2 Logic diagram of cross-blocking for inrush restraint

OR

OC1_V Blk On

OC2_V Blk On

Uab OCInv 2H_Blk On

< I_2H_UnBlk

AND

OCInv 2H_Blk Off

0

INV A OK

AND

Cross BLK

OCInv 2H_Blk On

OCInv 2H_Blk Off

0

VT Fail

Blk Fun_VTFail

UnBlk Fun_VTFail

Phase A Forward

OC Inv Dir On

Ia Inverse

AND

OC Inv Dir Off

1OR INV A OK

AND

OR

OC Inv Dir Off

1

Figure 5 Logic diagram of inverse overcurrent stage

1.3 Input and output signals

IP1

IP2

IP3

OC1_Trip

OC2_Trip

OC Inv TripUP1

UP2

UP3

Table 3 Analog input list

Signal Description

IP1 Signal for current input 1



UP1 Signal for voltage input 1




29

Table 4 Binary output list

Signal Description

OC1_Trip Overcurrent protection stage 1 trip

OC2_Trip Overcurrent protection stage 2 trip

OC Inv Trip Overcurrent protection inverse time stage trip

1.4 Setting parameters

1.4.1 Setting list

Table 5 Function setting list for overcurrent protection

NO. Default Abbr. Explanation Unit Min. Max.

1. In I_OC1 Current setting for stage 1 A 0.05In 20.00In

2. 0.4 T_OC1 Time setting for stage 1 S 0.00 60.00

3. 1.5In I_OC2 Current setting for stage 2 A 0.05In 20.00In

4. 0.1 T_OC2 Time setting for stage 2 S 0.00 60.00

5. 90.0 U_OC_UnBlk

Low voltage setting for

blocking overcurrent

protection (phase to phase)

V 1.00 120.0

6. 1 Curve_OC Inv Inverse time curve 1 12

7. 0.5In I_OC Inv Current setting for inverse

time stage A 0.05In 20.00In

8. 1 K_OC Inv Time multiplier 0.05 999.0

9. 0.056 A_OC Inv Time factor for inverse time

stage S 0.001 1000

10. 0.02 P_OC Inv Index for inverse time stage 0.01 10.00

11. 0 B_OC Inv Delay time for inverse time

stage S 0.00 60.00

12. 30 Angle_OC Direction characteristic angle degree 0.00 90.00

13. In I_2H_UnBlk Maximum inrush current

setting A 0.25In 20.00In

14. 0.15 Ratio_I2/I1

Ratio for second harmonic

current to fundamental

component

0.07 0.50

15. 0.2 T2h_Cross_Blk Time setting for

cross-blocking function S 0.00 60.00

Table 6 Logical linker list for overcurrent protection


30

NO. Abbr. Explanation

1. Func_OC1 Enable or disable the stage 1 of overcurrent protection

2. Func_OC2 Enable or disable the stage 2 of overcurrent protection

3. Func_OC Inv Enable or disable the inverse time stage of overcurrent

protection

Table 7 Binary setting list for overcurrent protection

Bit 0 1 Explanation

1.0 OC1 Dir Off OC1 Dir On Enable or disable the direction for

stage 1

1.1 OC1 V_Blk Off OC1_V Blk On Enable or disable the low voltage

blocking for stage 1

1.2 OC1 2H_Blk Off OC1 2H_Blk On Enable or disable the inrush

restraint for stage 1

1.3 OC2 Dir Off OC2 Dir On Enable or disable the direction for

stage 2

1.4 OC2 V_Blk Off OC2 V_Blk On Enable or disable the low voltage

blocking for stage 2

1.5 OC2 2H_Blk Off C2 2H_Blk On Enable or disable the inrush

restraint for stage 2

1.6 OC Inv Dir Off OC Inv Dir On Enable or disable the direction for

inverse stage

1.7 OCInv 2H_Blk Off OCInv 2H_Blk On Enable or disable the inrush

restraint for inverse stage

2.9 3Ph V Connect 1Ph V Connect Select voltage connection way by

single phase or three phase

2.14 UnBlk Fun_VT Fail Blk Fun_VT Fail Enable the function of VT fail

blocking

4.0 OC1 Alarm OC1 Trip Stage 1 of overcurrent protection

alarm or trip

4.1 OC Inv Alarm OC Inv Trip Inverse stage of overcurrent

protection alarm or trip

1.5 Reports

Table 8 Event information list


OC1 Trip Overcurrent protection stage 1 issues trip command

OC2 Trip Overcurrent protection stage 2 issues trip command

OC Inv Trip Overcurrent protection inverse time stage issues trip command


31


Inrush Blk Inrush is detected to block function.

Table 9 Alarm information list


OC1 Alarm Overcurrent protection stage 1 issues alarm signal

OC Inv Alarm Overcurrent protection inverse time stage issues alarm signal

1.6 Technical data

Table 10 Technical data for overcurrent protection

Item Rang or Value Tolerance

Definite time characteristics

Current 0.08 Ir to 20.00 Ir 3% setting or 0.02Ir

Time delay 0.00 to 60.00s, step 0.01s 1% setting or +40ms, at 200% operating setting

Reset time approx. 40ms

Reset ratio Approx. 0.95 at I/In 0.5

Inverse time characteristics

Current 0.08 Ir to 20.00 Ir 3% setting or 0.02Ir

IEC standard Normal inverse;

Very inverse;

Extremely inverse;

Long inverse

5% setting + 40ms, at 2


32

Maximum operating time 100s

Reset mode instantaneous

Reset time approx. 40ms,

Directional element

Operating area range 170 3, at phase to phase voltage >1V Characteristic angle 0 to 90, step 1

Chapter 4 Earth fault protection

33


About this chapter

This chapter presents the protection principle, input and output

signals, parameter, logic diagram, IED report and technical data

included in earth fault protection.


34

1 Earth fault protection

1.1 Introduction

The non-directional earth fault elements can be applied as backup protection

functions in various applications including line and transformer protection in

systems with radial nature and those which are supplied from a single source.

The directional earth fault protection allows the application of the IED also in

systems where protection coordination depends on both the magnitude of the

earth fault current and the direction of power flow to the fault location, for

instance, in case of parallel lines or transformers, or in a loop configuration.

Main features of the earth fault are as follows:

Two definite time stages

One inverse time stage

11 kinds of the IEC and ANSI inverse time characteristic curves as well

as optional user defined characteristic

Zero sequence directional element

Negative sequence directional element is applied as a complement to

zero sequence directional element. It can be enabled/disabled by setting

Each stage can be set individually as directional/non-directional

Settable directional element characteristic angle to satisfy the different

network conditions and applications

Each stage can be set individually for inrush restraint

Settable maximum inrush current

Inrush restraint function adopting 2nd harmonic measured phase or earth

current (settable)

First definite stage and inverse time stage can be set individually to alarm

or trip

VT secondary circuit supervision for directional protection function. Once

VT failure happens, the directional stage can be set to be blocked or to

be non-directional


35

Zero-sequence current is calculated by summation of 3 phase currents or

measured from earth phase CT selectable

1.2 Protection principle

1.2.1 Time characteristic

The time characteristic for each stage can be chosen as definite time stage or

some type of inverse time characteristic. 11 kinds of inverse time

characteristics are available. It is also possible to create a user defined time

characteristic. Each stage can operate in conjunction with the integrated

inrush restraint and directional functions and operate based on measured

phase current.

The earth fault protection can operate with the measured or calculated zero

sequence current (zero-sequence current IN measured from earth phase CT

or zero-sequence current 3I0 calculated by the summation of three phase

currents, 3I0=IA+IB+IC). These two types of measured quantity can be enabled

or disabled via binary setting. If setting 3I0 Measured is enabled in the

binary setting, the function will operate based on the measured

zero-sequence current, whereas, the 3I0 Calculated is enabled, the

zero-sequence current is calculated from the summation of three phase

currents.

Furthermore, each stage is independent from each other and can be

combined as desired.

Pickup value for the definite stage can be set in setting value. The measured

or calculated zero-sequence current is compared with the corresponding

setting value with delay time. If zero-sequence current exceed the associated

pickup value, after expiry of the time delay, trip command is issued. The

condition for delay time start is expressed in the following formula

Equation 3

The time delay can be set for each definite stage individually in setting. After

the delay time elapsed, trip command or alarm signal is issued. The drop out

value of the definite stages is approximately equal to 96% of the pickup value

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CSC-211 Multifunction Protection IED Technical Application Manual_V1.01

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