Cumulative index to authors

. Adesnik, M, 569

Aebi, U, 20 Ahn, NC, 992

Baker, ME, 684

Baldwin, SA, 684 Bane@, A, 53

Beasley, EM, 646 Beavo, JA, 233

Bentley, JK, 233 Berezesky, IK, 227

Bienz, M, 955 Blobel, CP, 760

Bloom, CS, 66, 502 Bloom, K, 377

Boyer, B, 782

Bremer, A, 20 Buss, JE, 629

Caplow, M, 50 Carter, D, 274

Chater, KF, 684

Chen, W-T, 802 Cheney, RE, 27

Chow, M. 629 Clague, MJ, 593 Cleveland, DW, 973

Coen, ES, 929 Cox, AD, 1006

Cypher, C, 4

Damsky, CH, 772

Davis, LI, 424 DePinho, RA, 468

Der, Cl, 629, 1009 Dessev, CN, 430

Dobberstein, B, 581 Du, X, 766

Earnshaw, WC, 86

Eriksson, JE, 99

Escher, C, 896

Fedor, MJ, 436 Feramisco, JR, 193

Gasic, GP, 670 Georgopoulos, c, 984

Gerace, L, 637 Ginsberg, MH, 766

Glass, OS, 241 Goldman, RD. 1, 99

Green, M, 377 Griffith, JK, 684

Gruenberg, J, 593 Gumbiner, BM, 757

Guy, CR, 1000

Haber, JE, 401

Hager, KM, 696 Hanley, MR, 193

Hanson, IM, 967

Volume 4 1992

Hart, GW, 7017 Hauri, H-P, 600

Heinemann, 5, 670 Heintz, NH, 459

Henderson, PF, 684 High, S, 581

Hill, RE, 967 Hinnebusch, A, 973

Hochstrasser, M, 1024 Hogan, B, 919

Honig, LS, 896 Horton, SE, 896

Hsieh, T, 396

lismaa, TP, 195

Inoue, J, 496 Irvine. RF, 212

Jacobsen, A, 979 Johnson, KA, 80

Johnson, LF, 149

Kapfhammer, JP. 863

Katz, WS, 939 Kay, RR, 934 Kelley, WL, 984

Kerr, LD, 496 Keyomarsi, K, 186

Khan, IA, 53 Kinsella, MC, 793

Kislauskis, EH, 975 Kleinman, HK, 819

Krbger, S, 896 Krebs, EC, 992 Kreis, TE, 609

Learned, RM, 252 Lee, AS, 267

Letourneau, PC, 4 Levy, S, 856

Lian, JB, 166 Louvard, D, 569

Ludueria, RF, 53 Lytton, J, 220

Maathuis, FJM. 661 Madigan, SJ, 948

Matlin, KS, 623 McDonald, JA, 810

McEver, RP, 840 McKeown, M, 948

McMahan, UJ, 869 Mitchell, RD. 241

Mohun, T, 923 Mooseker, MS, 27

Morgenbesser, SD, 468 Morimoto, RI, 480 Mosher, DF, 810

Murphy, D, 274

Nagafuchi, A, 834 Nelson, N, 654

Newton, A, 180 Nicoll, DA, 678

Nigam, SK, 220

Nigg, EA. 105 Nishimoto, T, 174

Nixon, RA, 8

Nunnari, J. 573

Ohta, N, 180

Opal, P, 99

Oshima, RG, 110

Page, MGP, 684

Pallen, CJ, 1000

Pardee, AB, 141, 186 Parry, DAD, 94

Patterson, PH, 962 Paulsen, IT, 684

Peltz, SW, 979

Philipson, KD, 678

Pillus, L, 453 Pines, J, 144

Plow, EF, 766

Pollard, TD, 1,43 Price, CM, 379

Qwarnstrom, EE, 793

Reddi, AH, 850 Reeves, R, 413

Reinberg D, 488

Resnick, N, 1032 Rindler, MJ, 616

Rio, DC, 444

Rosenbaum, IL, 80 Rouch, DA, 684

Rozengurt, E, 161

Rubin, LL, 830

Ruegg, MA, 896

Sabatini, DD, 569

Sager, R, 155

Sanders, D, 661 Satterwhite, LL, 43

Schatz, G, 646

Schekman, R, 587 Schlegel, R, 174

Schreiber-Agus, N, 468

Schwab, ME, 863 Schweighoffer, T, 824

Schweizer, A, 600

Seger, R, 992 Shaw, S, 824

Shine, J, 195

Singer, RH, 15 Singer, RH, 975

Skurray, RA, 684 Sottile, J, 810

Spiegel, AM, 203

Sprague, KU, 475 Staehelin, LA, 856

@ Current Biology Ltd ISSN 0955-0674

xi

Stein, CS, 166

Stein, JL, 166 Steinert, PM, 94

Sternberg, PW, 939

Tan, YH, 1000 Thiery, JP, 782

Tomkiel, JE, 86 Torres, R, 468 Trump, 8F. 227

Tsukita, S, 834 Tsukita, S, 834 Turk, E, 696

Uzawa, S, 174

Vancompernolle, K, 36

Vandekerckhove, J, 36

van Wijnen, AJ, 166

Varki, A, 257

Verma, IM, 496

Vos, J-MH, 385

Wachter, C, 646

Walsh, DA, 241

Walter, P, 573

Werb, 2. 722

Wede, MJ, 896

White, JM, 760 Wight, TN, 793

Williams, J, 919

Witman, CB, 74

Wright, EM, 653, 696

Wu, C, 810

Yamada, KM, 757

Yamada, Y, 819

Yonemura, S, 834

ZaSloff, MA, 1032

Zawel, L, 488

Cumulative index to subjects Volume 4 1992

a-satellite arrays, polymorphisms, 89 Abscisic acid, and seed maturation programme, 252-254 Acanthamoeba

myosin IA, containing membrane-binding domain and second/no actin-binding site, 27-28 profilin, 39-40 unconventional myosin, 31

Acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions, 869-870 Actin

adenine-nucleotide-binding site, 21 biotin labeling, 5 contractile ring of cytokinesis, 43-49 dynamics of assembly, 10 F-actin filament structure, 20-25, 40

and cadherins, adherens junctions, 834-839 intersubunit contacts, 22 subunits, 22-23

F-actin subcompartment, sequestering of translational apparatus, 17 photobleaching, 5, 8-10 structure, atomic structure conformation, 20-25

Actin-binding proteins amino acid sequences, 39-40 elongation factor, 17 structural homology, 39 structural relationships, 36-38

Actobindin, structure and amino acid sequence, 39-40 Adenopolyposis coli, familial, cloning, 158 Adenylyl cyclase

isozyme properties, 234 receptor-activated, and cellular CAMP, 242

Adherens junctions assembly and disassembly, 837 cadherins and actin filaments, 834-839 cell growth control, 788-789 endothelial cells, 830-833 undercoat, cadherin-based system, 835-837

a-Adrenergic receptor kinase (a-ARK), desensitization, 198 a-2-Adrenergic receptor RC20, rat, compared with human subtype, 197 Agrins, isoforms

distribution, 871-872 genes, 870-871 non-neural tissue, 871 in synaptogenesis, 869-874

Alzheimer’s disease, protease specific for APP, 1034 Amebae see Reticulomyxa Aminopeptidase P, bovine lung, 1033 bisf8-anilinonaphthalene-I-sulfonate, tubulin binding, 55 Aniridia, Pax gene mutations, 968-969 Antineoplastic drugs, DNA topoisomerases as targets, 398 Antirrhinum, flower development

homeotic genes, 929-933 ten, 930 del, 931 f/o, 929

g/o, 931 p/e, 931 squa, MCMI MADS, 929

meristem identity, 929-930 organ identity, 930-932

Antisense RNAs MAPS functions, 6 tram-acting factors, 981

Apical proteins glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol anchor, 623 sorting signals, 624

Arabidopsis, flower development homeotic genes, 929-933

ag, 931 ap 1, MCMl MADS, 929 ap 3, 931 f/o 70, superman, 931 My, 929 pistillata, 931

light-regulation, 254 meristem identity, 929-930 organ identity, 930-932

Arabinogalactan, plant cell wall, 86-61 ARES see mRNA-binding proteins, AU-rich elements AR% see Autonomously replicating sequences Aspergillus, cell cycle regulation, protein phosphatases, 1003 ATP, cytoplasmic, role, 647648 ATP, matrix

ATP-depletion intermediate, matrix transport, 649 role, 648

ATPases F-ATPases, 654, 657 V-ATPases, 654-658

Autonomously replicating sequences CARS), yeast, 463-465 tram-acting elements and DNA structure, 464

Auxin enhancement of primary pumps, 661 response to xyloglucans, 859

Avian embryo see Bird Axonal transport

moving and stationary compartments of the cytoskeleton, 8-10

mammals, 8-10 Xenopus, 9-10

Axons, nodes and internodes, caliber differences, 11 a-adrenergic receptor kinase (a-ARK), desensitization, 198

Bacillus subtilis, cell cycle regulation, asymmetric division and differentiation, 182-183 Bacteria

cell cycle, regulation, 180-185 DNA repair and transcription, coupling, 385-386 Holliday structure, 390

Barbourin see Disintegrins Basal bodies

DNA, 83

xii @ Current Biology Ltd ISSN 0955-0674

Index to subiects xiii

replication, 80-85 Basement membrane, assembly, 810-812 Basolateral sorting signals, and default pathway, 623-628 Benzimidazole, action on mitotic spindle microtubules, 176-177 Beryllium, microtubule assembly, 55

Bistatin see Disintegrins Blebs, in cell injury, necrosis and apoptosis, 227 Blood-brain barrier, in cell culture, 831-832 Bloom’s syndrome, 392 bmi-1, and me/-la, cell proliferation, 277 Bombesin, tyrosine kinase activation, 199 Bone differentiation, regulation by bone morphogenetic proteins, BS(t855 Bovine lung, aminopeptidase P, 1033 Bradykinin, deactivation by bovine lung aminopeptidase P, 1033 Brain, synaptic transmission mediated by ligand-gated cation channel receptors, 670-677 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ligand for Trk, 162 Brefeldin-A

endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi compartment transport, 609-615 Colgi disruption, 605 sorting machinery and mechanisms, 625-626

Brush border myosin I, 28-30 Budding yeast see Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cadherins, and actin filaments, adherens junctions, 834839 Caenorhabditis elegans

development early embryo, 942-943 intercellular signals, 939-947 /in-72 and g/p-? genes, 942 vulva1 development, 939-940

DNA repair, 392 meiotic recombination, ‘pairing sites’, 404 molecular genetics, 944-945 neurogenesis, 940-941 sex determination

extracellular signals and intracellular feedback, 952 genes involved, 951-954 intercellular signals, 943-944 post transcriptional regulation, 951

signal transduction pathways, comparison with other species, 994 transposon-initiated recombination events, 406

Calcium cytosolic, in cell injury, necrosis and apoptosis, 227-232 intracellular storage pools, 220-226

fractionation, 222-223 identity, 221-222 immunocytochemistry, 223

Calcium permeation, ligand-gated cation channel receptors, 670-677 Calcium pumps, and intracellular storage pools, 220 Calcium release

channels, and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, 221 and G proteins, 199 and inositol triphosphate, 213-214 quanta1 Ca52 + s, 214

Calcium-binding proteins, 221 antibodies to calsequestrin, 223

Caldesmon, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-39

Callose, synthesis and assembly, 856-857 Calmodulin/light chain-binding domain, myosins, 32-33 Calsequestrin. antibodies, and calcium-binding proteins, 223 CAMP

production enhancement, 187 synthesis, 233

CAMP-dependent protein kinase docking domains, 248 phosphorylation sequences, 249 structure, 244-245 substrate diversity, 241-251

amino acid determinants, inhibitor recognition, 245-246 biological role, 242-243 recognition determinants, 246-247

CAMP-responsive element modulators, 482 Cancer

chemotherapy, inhibition of DNA synthesis, 188 and cyclins, 146 small cell lung cancer cells, 162

Carbohydrate structures binding domain, Drikamer motif, 782 carbohydrate-lectin molecules, addition to cell adhesion cascades, 826-827 sialyl Lewis, 787-788

Cardiac proteins, phosphorylation, 243 Cardiac sodium-calcium exchangers, 678-683 Cartilage differentiation, regulation by bone morphogenetic proteins, 850-855 Cathepsins

cell surface, 804 extracellular matrix degradation, 805

Cation antiport systems, 664-665 Caulobacter crescentus

cell cycle regulation, 183 periodic gene expression, 183

CD44 glycoproteins, 795 cdc2 kinase

cell cycle control, 413 p345cdc2sDcyclin B complex, 106

cdc25, cell cycle regulation, 1002-1003 Cell adhesion cascades, 824829

adhesion triggers, 824-825 combinatorial specificity, 826827 extended cascades, 827-828 see also lntegrins

Cell adhesion molecules cysteine-rich domains, homology to ECF, 782 functional domains, 819-823

collagen I and IV, 821 entactin, 821 fibronectin, 821 laminin, 819-820 thrombospondin, 821

growth factor interactions, 782-792 growth factor regulation of processes, 786-787 inflammatory and immunological responses, 787-788 leukocyte rolling and tight adhesion, 787-788, 826, 841, 844846 and neurite growth, 863-868 proteoglycans in, 793-795 selectins, receptor-binding, 258 signal transduction, 788

xiv Index to subjects .

triggers, diversity, 824-825 .

see a/so Adherens junctions; Integrins; Selectins Cell ageing, cytosolic calcium increase, 227-232 Cell cycle

bacteria, 180-185 chromatin changes, 413-423 cyclins, control of entry into mitosis, 144 Cl regulatory events, 151-152

Cl signal transduction pathway, 149-154 and S-phase enzyme gene regulation, 149-154 tumor cells, 155

histone H4 gene promoter, 166-168 histone protein-DNA interactions, 168-171 inhibition of DNA synthesis, 188 inhibition of RNA synthesis, 188 interphase, cycle-dependent alteration to chromatin compartments, 418-419 mitotic checkpoints, 174-179

exit from mitosis, 176-177

initiation of mitosis, 174-176 regulation

membrane transport, 596 p53 role, 157 protein phosphatases, 1002-1004

Restriction (RI point, 145 retinoblastoma (Rb) gene, 152

Cell differentiation

Dictyosteiium, 934-938 editorial overview, 919-922

Cell growth control, and ECM proteins, 788 Cell injury, necrosis and apoptosis

cytosolic calcium, 227-232 DNA fragmentation, 227-228 reversible/irreversible changes, 227 stages, 227-228

Cell lines

transgenesis, 277 GnRH-5V40 large T-antigen hybrid, 277

Cell motility and cytoplasm, editorial overview, l-3 proteoglycans in, 795-796

Cell multiplication, editorial overview, 141-143 Cell proliferation

bmi-1, and me/-18, 277 control, 144-148 cytosolic calcium increase, 227-232 and growth factors, 161-165 modification with inhibitors, 186191 proteoglycans in, 796

Cell regulation, editorial overview, 193-194 Cell signalling

inositol lipids, 212-219 protein phosphatases, 1000-1007

Cell wall of plants cell wall proteins, 860 synthesis, assembly and function, 856-862

Cell-cell contact

adherens junctions, 788-789, 830-833, 834-839 editorial overview, 757-759 see a/so Cell adhesion molecules

Cellulose, synthesis and assembly, 856-857 Centrioles

replication, 82-85 and spindle pole bodies, b-tubulin conservation, 82

Centromeres u-satellite array polymorphisms, 89 centromere-binding proteins, 379-380 DNA component, specification of position on chromosome, 86-87 human DNA identification, 87 inner centromere protein, 44 mammalian, 380 novel protein components, 91 protein components

mammals (antibodies), 88-90, 91

yeast, 87-88 structure, 86-93 structure/function, 379-380 and telomeres, 379-384 yeast, 379-380

Centrosomes, identification of components, 81-83 Chaperones auxiliary, 986-987

classification, 984 and cohort functions, 986-987 cyclophilins and immunophilins, 988 differentiation from heat shock proteins, 985 Drosophila, mRNA chaperones, 17 immune function and receptor maturation, 987-988

mRNA chaperones, identification, 17 and protein folding, 984-981 regulation of heat shock proteins, 987 substrate recognition, 985

Chick embryonic fibroblasts, peripheral zipcode, 977 mRNA localization, determinants, 977 MyoD family, muscle differentiation, 924-925 neural crest transcription factors, retinoic acid nuclear receptors, 963-964

Chlamydomonas basal bodies, 80-81

DNA, 83 dynein lacking arms, motility, 77 inner-arm dynein organisation, 7677 outer-arm dynein polypeptides, model, 75-76

Chondrogenesis see Cartilage differentiation Chondroitin sulfate, in cell migration, 795-796 Chromatin

cell cycle changes, 413-423 fine structure, 419

chromatin-lamin interactions, 707 and gene expression, 436443 interactions with nuclear envelope, 432 nuclear import-export of proteins, 420 organization, long-range and local, 461 remodeling at origins, 462 structure/function, 436-443 and transcriptional activity

components, 455-456 domains, 455

Chromatin-mediated repression interactions between activators and structural proteins, 440 templates in vitro, 438-440 transcription activator binding to nucleosomes, 438

Chromosomes

Index to subjects xv

condensation, DNA topoisomerases, 397 heterochromatic regions, position effect variegation, 437, 455 passenger hypothesis, 91 position, and DNA replication, 460 segregation, DNA topoisomerases, 397

Clathrin adaptor protein complexes, 611 sorting machinery and mechanisms, 6255626

Clathrin-coated vesicles, 610 Cleavage furrow, regulation, 46-47 Clerocidin, DNA topoisomerases as targets, 398 Coat proteins, vesicular and tubular membrane traffic, 611-615 Coated vesicles, non-clathrin proteins, 609-610 Cofilin, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-39 Cohort proteins see Chaperones, auxiliary Colchicine, Lys350 mutation and colchicine resistance, 55 Collagen, type I, functional domains, 821 Collagen, type IV

in basement membrane assembly, 810-811 functional domains, 821

Collagenase, cell surface, 804 Colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1)

chondroitin sulfate, as mitogen, 796 v-sis proto-oncogene product, PDCF homolog, 785

Contractile ring proteins, list and identification, 44 CXXX-signalled modifications, Ras proteins, 632 Cyclic cascades, growth factors, activation, 996 Cyclic nucleotides

regulation/function, 233-240 a-b interactions, 234-235 consensus signature motifs, 236237 degradation, 236 domain structure, 233-234 general domain organization, 236

see also CAMP; gAMP Cyclins

and cancer, 146 cyclin BDp34Scdc2s complex, 106 cyclin-dependent kinases

cdc2 and CDKZ, 146-147 Schizosaccharomyces pombe, 144148

Cl CLNl and 2 gene transcription, 144148 in man, 145-146

initiation of mitosis, 175 in man, transcription, 146 protein-binding, 151-152 START positive feedback control loop, 144-145 see also Cell cycle

Cyclophilins, chaperones, 988 Cyritestin, disintegrin domains, 763 Cytochalasin, mRNA release, 17 Cytokines

activation by proteases, 1034 inflammatory and immunological responses, 787-788 integrin stimulation of, 788

Cytokinesis contractile ring, 43-52

regulatory mechanisms, 46-49 structure and dynamics, 43-46

timing, regulation by phosphatases, 49 see also Cell cycle; Mitosis

Cytoplasm, and cell motility, editorial overview, l-3 Cytoplasmic ATP, role, mitochondrial protein import, 647648

Cytoskeleton axonal see Axonal transport mRNA chaperones, identification, 17 mRNA localization, 15-17 mRNA targetting 17

Cytoskeleton-associated proteins, 15-18

DEAD family of proteins, 445 Default pathway, and basolateral sorting signals, 623-628 Dermatan sulfate, in cell proliferation, 796 Desmin

filament organization in muscle, 111 gene regulation of IF, 113

Diabetes insipidus, and phosphodiesterase, 237-238 Diacylglycerol second messenger

activation by PLC-b and PLC-a, 163 and protein kinase C, 163

Dictyostelium cell differentiation and patterning 934-938

natural antisense, 935 PKA, CAMP-dependent, 935-936 stalk cell inducer, DIF-1, 934-935

cell movement, and morphogenesis, 936 contractile ring filaments, 45

myosin II disassembly, 46 myosin IA and 16, 27-28 restriction enzyme-mediated integration, 936

N,N’-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide CDCCD), V-ATPases, 656 Dihydrofolate reductase, gene expression, 150 Dilution studies, microtubule cap, 60-61 Disease models, and oncogenes, 276-277 Disintegrins, 760-765

membrane-anchored, 762-763 non-RGD-containing, 763 precursors, 761-762 RCD sequence, 760 structure/function, 760-761

DNA fragmentation, in cell injury, necrosis and apoptosis, 227-232 DNA helicases, 389 DNA polymerase, gene expression, 150-151 DNA repair

bypass replication, intrastrand and interstrand DNA damage, 391 cis and trans mechanisms, 385-395

model, 388 preferential repair, 386

DNA replication control, and transcription factors, 459-467 and DNA damage, 389 looping 463 model for initiation, 459460 origins, control by transcription factors, 460-463 phosphorylation, 419-420 position-dependent activation, 460 regulation in eukaryotes, 464-465 and transcriptional activity, 456

DNA topoisomerases, 396-400 antineoplastic drugs, 398 II, structure/function, 397-398

DNA-binding sites, transcription factors, 484485 Dopamine receptors, diversity, 196

xvi Index to subiects

Double-strand breaks .

homologous recombination, 401-412 pathways of repair, 402

Drikamer motif, carbohydrate binding domain, 782 Drosophila

aactinin, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-39 alternative pre-mRNA splicing, 447-448 autoregulation, positive, indirect, 958-959 cell cycle regulation, protein phosphatases, 1003 centriole replicationA 82 chromosomes, position effect variegation, 437, 455 determination, molecular mechanisms, 955-961

initiation and transition to maintenance, 955-956 PcC proteins, 956-957 positive autoregulation, 958-959 trxC, role during maintenance, 957-958

dynamin equivalent (shibirel, 71 epigenetic mechanisms in transcription, 453-458 fat gene, tumor suppressor, 782 gene repair, 386 Kr and hb genes, 481 meiotic recombination, ‘pairing sites’, 404 mRNA chaperones, 17 mRNA localization, determinants, 975-976

anterior/posterior zipcode sequences, 975-976 apical/basal zipcode sequences, 976-977

neurogenic loci notch and delta, EGF-like protein repeats, 782 Notch homolog, and ECF-like molecule, 814 P element, transposon-initiated recombination events, 406 Pax gene family, 967-972 photoreceptor cells, NinaC, 30-31 polycomb gene, 437-438 POU-domain proteins, 481 protein phosphatases, 1001 RCQ homologues, mitotic checkpoints, 174 selector genes, 955-961 serendipity-a, cytokinesis, 44 sex determination

doublesex gene, regulation, 950-951 Sex-lethal gene

activation, and X chromosome counting, 94%949 regulation of tfanslormer gene, 949-950

Lra and tra-2, 951 spagherti-squash, myosin II heavy chain, 46 splicing factors, RNP-CS, 449 TATA-containing promoters, 490-491 vesicle traffic, 594

Dyneins, axonemal GTP-dependent motor, 71 inner-arm dynein, 76-77 as mitotic motor, 71 outer-arm dynein, 74-76 structure and function, 70-71

Dystrophin, human, intron splicing patterns, 445

E8S see Epidermolysis bullosa simplex Echistatin see Disintegrins

Elongation factor, actin-binding protein, 17 Ef-myc transgene, 277 Embryonal carcinoma, A-type lamins, 107 Endopeptidase 24.11, zinc metalloprotease, 1033

Endoplasmic reticulum membranes compartmentalization of cellular functions, list, 603 protein disposition in membranes, 581-586

‘signal-anchor’ sequences, 581-583 protein targeting, 573-580 ribosome-binding sites, 576 signal recognition, targeting and insertion of pre-proteins, 574-575 translocation, 575-580 vesicle traffic, 587-592

Endoplasmic reticulum proteins see Glucose-regulated protein family Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment, 600-608

compartmentalization, 601-604 defined by ~53, 600-601 organization, 601 protein recycling, 605-606

Endoplasmin (GRP94). 267 Endothelial cells

adherens junctions, 830-833 junction-associated molecules, 831-833

adhesion molecules (ECAMs), 830-831 leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, 840-849

Endothelin, tyrosine kinase activation, 199 Entactin

functional domains, 821 link between collagen and laminin, 81(t811

Enzymes, unique substrate vs. multi-substrate, 242 Epidermal growth factor (EGF-like molecule), and Drosophila Notch homolog, 814 Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, 110, 112

keratin intermediate filaments, mutations in side chain, 96 Epigenetic mechanisms in transcription, 453-458 Epinephrine-dependent phosphorylation, glycogen synthase, 243 Epithelial cells, polarization, and sorting, 623-628 ERGIC see Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment ERp72, glucose-regulated protein family, 268 kherichia co/i

cell cycle regulation, 18&185 ksZAQ gene cluster expression, 182

DNA topoisomerases, 397 transcription-repair coupling factor CTRCF), 385-386

Estramustine phosphate, microtubule assembly, 55 N-Ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein, vesicle traffic, 593-599 Euplotes, telomere-binding proteins, 381 Excitatory amino acid receptors, calcium permeation, 670-677 Extracellular matrix

assembly, 810-818 basement membrane, 8W-812 fibrillin, 814-816 fibronectin, 812-813

binding by bone morphogenetic proteins, 863 cell adhesion, 793-795 and cell growth control, 788 editorial overview, 757-759

and neurite growth, 863-866 proteins in, 783 proteoglycans in, 795

Index to subjects xvii

receptors

cell cycle, 776 signaling partnerships, 775

remodeling, 776-777 signal transduction by integrin receptors, 772-781

Extracellular proteases localization, 802-803

schema, 803

F-ATPases, 654 catalytic, evolution, 657

Fanconi’s anemia, 392 Farnesyl transferase, protein prenylation, 1008-1009 Fibrillin, assembly, 814-816 Fibrinogen binding, ligand-induced activation, 768-769 Fibrinogen-fibrin system, self-assembly, 811 Fibroblast growth factors, 784 Fibronectin

assembly, 812-813 cell surface recognition sites, 773 functional domains, 821 receptor multiplicities, 773

Fibulin, ECM protein, 783 Filamin, contractile ring protein, 44 Filopodium, contractions, 4 Filtration assay, tubulinDCTP, 59 Fission yeast see Schizosaccharomyces pombe Fluorophors, photobleaching 9 Fodrin, submembraneous cytoskeleton, 626 Follicle-stimulating hormone receptors, 195 ks/jun transcription, intracellular signals, 496-498 Furin, prohormone convertase, action, 1032

C proteins asubunits, 203

site-specific mutagenesis, 207-208 and calcium release, 199 cellular control, 203-211 and coat proteins, 611 diversity, 203-205 heterotrimetric, 595-596 inhibition, 187 localization and membrane association, 205 membrane transport

intracellular regulation, 593-599 vesicle intermediates, 593-594

mutations, as probes of structure/function, 207-208 nucleotide exchange and hydrolysis, 594-595 receptor-effecter coupling specificity, 205-207 regulation of phosphoinositidase C, 212-213

C proteins proteins vesicle traffic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 587-590

see also Transcription factors C-protein-coupled receptors

functional heterogeneity, 198-199 ligands and receptors, 162-163 new members, 195-197 as protooncogenes, PI hydrolysis, 199 signal transduction, 163 structure-function relationships, 197-198

gAMP, synthesis, 235-237 Ganglioside-binding protein, 258

Gelatinase, cell surface, 804 Gelsolin, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-39 Gene repair, 385-387

recombination and DNA damage, 390 regulation of DNA repair, 390-393 repair genes, 387-389 replication and DNA damage, 389-390

Gene targeting. 407 mouse simple epithelial keratin 8 gene, 111

Gene transcription, rate changes, 151-152 Geranylgeranyl transferase, protein prenylation, 1008-1009 Glial fibrillary acidic protein, 99 Glucose-regulated protein

functional roles, 267-268 mammalian stress response, 267-273 regulation mechanisms, 268-270

Glutamate receptor comparison of nAchR and GIR pores, 675 ionotropic

non-NMDA calcium flux, 674-675 single amino acid affects Ca conductance, 674-675

RNA editing, arginine codon, 675 structure, 196

Glycogen synthase, epinephrine-dependent phosphorylation, 243 Glycophospholipids, addition to proteins, 631 Glycoproteins, 1017-1023

CD44, 795 classification, 1018 gp210, 639 GPllb/llla, 760, 788 hormone receptors, 195

coupling to G proteins, 197-198 ligand binding 197

membrane-anchors, 1018 range of activities, 10191020 sialic acids, 1020-1021

Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) addition to proteins, 631 anchors, 633-634

apical proteins, 623 membrane-anchors, 1018

structure/function, 631 Golgi complex

vesicular and tubular membrane traffic, 609-615 see aho Endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH-SV40 large T-antigen hybrid oncogene, 277 Growth cone motility, 4-6 Growth factors

as cell adhesion molecules, 784 and cell proliferation, 161-165 cyclic cascades, activation, 996 interactions with cell adhesion, 782-792

GRPs see Glucose-regulated protein family GTP, detection by filtration assay, 59 GTP-binding proteins see G proteins Guanylyl cyclase, isozyme properties, 235

H protein of the alternative pathway, 258 Heat shock proteins

xviii Index to subiects .

classification, 984 differentiation from chaperones, 985 hsp90, interaction with steroid hormone receptors, 483 human, nucleosomr+TFIID binding, 438 regulation of response by chaperones, 987

Helix-loop-helix proteins MASHI, mouse neural crest, 963-964 myogenic factors, 925

Hematopoietic system, and cell adhesion molecules, 787-788 Heparan sulfate, in cel,l migration, 795-796 Heparin, in cell proliferation, 796 Hepatitis B surface antigen-containing virus, prenylation of proteins, 632 Hepatitis B virus, and cyclin A gene, 146 Hepatocyte growth factor, cell proliferation, 162 Hexose transport, plasma membrane, 663664 Higher plants see Plants Histone HI

gene expression, regulation, 166-173 histone protein-DNA interactions, 168-171 hyperphosphorylation, 415 phosphorylation sites, 414 transcription repressors, 437

HMC-1 protein gene expression, regulation, 437 high mobility group-l, mitotic phosphorylation, 416

Human KDEL receptor, 605 Human placental lectin, 258 Hyaluronan, in cell migration, 795-796

I-kappa8 proteins, 498-499 g, p-lminodipropionitrile (IDPN), and neurofilament transport, 11 Immediate early genes, 496-501 Immunoglobulin-like counter-receptors, 843-844 Immunoglobulins, trigger molecules, 824-825 Immunophilins, chaperones, 988 Indomethacin, inhibition of lipid metabolism, 187 Inflammatory and immunological responses, 787-788

affinity, regulating mechanisms, 825826 Inhibitors of cell proliferation, 186-191 Inhibitory actin protein, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-39 Inner centromere protein, contractile ring, 44 lnositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate

and calcium-release channels, 221 receptor, non-ER, location, 223

lnositol lipids 3-phosphorylated, 215-216 cell signalling, 212-219 inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate, as second messenger, 214-215

inositof triphosphate and CaS2 + s release, 213-214 nuclear inositides, 216

Insulin protease, regulation of insulin, 1033 Integral membrane proteases, 805806

list, 804 tumor invasion, 806

Integral membrane protein TAN-l, ECF-like molecule, 814 lntegrins

activation cytoplasmic domains, 767-768 ligand-induced, 768-769

membrane-associated proteins, 777-778 conformation and affinity modulation, 767 cooperative role with selectins, 844846 cytoskeleton-immobilized signaling machine, 774-776 CPllb/llla, 788

disintegrin binding, 760 nomenclature, 843

and immunoglobulin-like counter receptors, 843-844 inside-out signalling 766-771 integrin-modulating factor, 826

receptors extracellular matrix-receptor interactions, 772-773 signal transduction, 772-781, 788

regulation, adhesion cascades, 825-826 RCD sequence, 768-769 tyrosine kinase activity, 789

Interleukins, activation by proteases, 1034 Intermediate filaments

dynamics dephosphorylation, 101 phosphorylation as modifier

in vitro, 100 in vivo, lO(t101

in vivo, 99-100 gene regulation, 111-112 keratin, association of adjacent molecules, 95-96 molecular biology, II&116 promoter analysis, 112 structure, 9498

coiled-coil domain, 94-95 terminal domains, 95

Interphase, chromatin fine structure changes, 418419 Interphase fibroblasts, Xenopus, and maturation-promoting factor, 49 lntron splicing patterns, 445 Ion channels

control of activity, 666667 membrane-spanning M2 region as component, 672 novel plasma membrane channels, 665 novel vacuolar channels, 665 permeation, ion selectivity, reversal potentials and current-voltage relations, 670-671

lonotropic glutamate receptor family, 674675

jun, /os/jun transcription, 496498 jun oncogene, myogenesis, 926

Keratin, transfection, 100 Keratin intermediate filaments, 95-96

dominant negative mutant, in man, 110 murine, 110-111 mutations in side chain causing EBS, 96

Keratin proteins, mutant, in EB5 and transgenic animals, 113 Kex-2-like endopeptidases, 1032 Kinesin family

antibodies, 69 kinesin heavy chains, properties, 68 kinesin light chains, 69 microtubule motors, 66-69 structure and function, 69-70

Kinetochores assembly, centromere protein antigens requirement, 9&91

Index to subjects xix

defined, 86 DNA component, 86 function, 380 structure, 90-93

Kistrin see Disintegrins

Lamin A, avian, nonexpression in murine cells, 107 Lamin 8

CXXX-signalled modifications, 632 receptor, 1013

Lamin-chromatin interactions, 107 Laminin

in basement membrane assembly, 81&811 EGF-like motifs, 782-783 functional domains, 819-821 laminin-derived YICSR peptide, 821 macrophage-binding, IFN-enhanced, 788 receptor multiplicities, 773

Lamins, nuclear assemblyDdisassembly, 105-109

control by cell-cycle dependent phosphorylation, 106 in vivo and in vitro, 105-106

evolution, 433 lamina structure/function, 430-431 p34Scdc2s substrates, 101 primary structure, 105-106

Laser, photobleaching use, 9 Lectin-CAMS see Selectins Lectins see Sialic acid-binding lectins Leucine zipper

DNA binding, 481 fosljun transcription, 496-498 myc proto-oncogenes, 469470

Leukocytes attachment and extravasation, 787-788

molecular mechanisms, model, 845 leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, 840-849 rolling and tight adhesion, 787-788, 826, 841, 844-846

Lewis syalyl carbohydrate structures, 787-788 Ligand-gated cation channel receptors, calcium permeation, 67-77 Light-regulated development, higher plants, 254 Lipid modifications of proteins, structure and biological effects, 629-636 Liver-enriched transcription activator, 482-483 Lovastatin, inhibition of lipid metabolism, 187, 189 Luteinizing hormone/hCC receptors, 195 Lysosomes, targeting signal, mannose-6-phosphate, 603

Macrophage, membrane glycoprotein movements, 6 Magaininase, Xenopus endopeptidase, 1033 Maize, viviparous-7 (vpl) mutation, 253-254 Mammalian cells

gene repair, ‘repair cold spots’, 386 Kex-S-like endopeptidases, 1032 Pax gene family, 967-972 Rab proteins, 594 signal transduction pathways, comparison with other species, 994 snRNP Sm antigens, nuclear ‘speckles’, 448 splicing factors, 446-447 stress response, glucose-regulated protein family, 267-273

Mammals, axonal transport, moving and stationary compartments of cytoskeleton, 8-10 Mannose-bphosphate, targeting signal, lysosomes, 603 MAP kinase see Mitogen-activated protein kinase activator Matrix ATP, role, mitochondrial protein import, 648 Matrix metalloproteases, 803-804 Maturation-promoting factor, 413, 417

activation by cdc25, 175 mitosis entry, 47-49

Max Myc-Max complex, model, 471-473 structure/function, 469-470 transcriptional activity, 468-474

Meiotic recombination, 401-405 physical monitoring 405 synaptonemal complex, 404

me/-18, cell proliferation, 277 Membrane(s)

editorial overview, 569-72 plant membrane transport, 661-669

Membrane fusion, mechanisms, 596-597 Membrane permeability

editorial overview, 653 ligand-gated cation channel receptors, 670-677

Membrane proteases, tissue remodeling and tumor invasion, 802-809 Membrane transport proteins, 684695

basolateral sorting signals, 623-628 cell cycle regulation, 596 intracellular regulation, 593-599 random insertion as transport pathway, 623-624 related transporters, 685-688

alignment of sequences, 690-691 evolutionary relationship, 68-90, 692 internal sequence duplications, 691 sequence divergence, 692 substrates and organisms (list), 686

sequences and structures, 685 Membrane-anchored disintegrins, 762-763 Membrane-associated proteins

incorporation into secretory granules, 619 integrin activation, 777-778 ~53, defining ERCIC, 600

Membrane-spanning M2 region amino acid involved in desensitization, 672-674 as component of ion channels, 672

Mice see Mouse Microtubule motors, 66-73

kinesin family, 66-69 sites of action, 67

Microtubule organising centers, centrioles and spindle pole

bodies, 80-85 Microtubule-associated protein-2 kinase see Mitogen-activated protein kinase Microtubule-associated proteins

dynamics, 10, 62-63 MAP-2, and’antisense probes, 4-6 mRNA localization, 15 phosphorylation, 63 repeat sequences, 54 tau, and antisense probes, 4-6 tubulin, 54-55

xx Index to subiects

Microtubules cold-stable, 11-12 dynamics of assembly, IO, 58-65

dilution-induced disassembly, 59-61 ends of tubules, dynamic disassembly, 62 fixation artifacts, 62 CTP analogues, 62 GTP cap model, 58-59

few tubulinDCTP subunits, 61-62 new record, 63-64

endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi compartment transport, 606 mitotic spindle, benzimidazole poisoning, 176-177 stationary, properties, 11 traffic, and Colgi complex, 609-615 tubular membrane connections, 610-611 see a/so Tubulin

Mitochondrial proteins, import, 646-651 cytoplasmic ATP, role, 647-648 energy requirements, 646647 major routes, 646 matrix ATP, role, 648

Mitogen-activated protein kinase activator, 992-999 functions, antisense RNAs, 6 homology with yeast protein kinases, 993-994 identification, 992 microtubule dynamics, 63 purification and characterization, 993 regulation by protein phosphorylation, 995-996

Mitogens, proteoglycans, 796-797 Mitosis

chromatin condensation, histone Hl and topoisomerase II, 415-416 phosphorylation of high mobility group-l non-histone proteins, 416 recombination, 405 S phase and M phase coupling, 414-415 see also Cell cycle; Cytokinesis

MMPs see Matrix metalloproteases Monensin, inhibition of lipid metabolism, 187 Mouse

coat color genes differentiation factors, 963 Pax gene family, 967-972

Dilute, p190 and MyC.2 unconventional myosins, 31-32 DNA repair mutants, 392-393 MyoD family, muscle differentiation, 924-925 neural crest, trophic and transcription factors, 962-966

MPF see Maturation-promoting factor mRNA chaperones, identification, 17 mRNA localization

in cytoskeleton, 15-19 determinants, 975-978 editorial overview, 973

mRNA splicing see RNA processing mRNA stability

regulation, 979983 untranslated regions, 979

mRNA targetting cytoplasm, 17 nascent chain targetting IS-16

mRNA translocation, and anchoring, 17 mRNA-binding proteins

-

AU-rich elements, 979 tram-acting factors, 979-980 untranslated regions, 979

MTOCs see Microtubule organising centers Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes, activation, 199 Muscle differentiation, 923-928

axial and limb musculature, 923-924 MyoD family, 924-925

mouse, 924-925 quail, 924-925 Xenopus, 924925

neuromuscular junctions, 869-870

MYC DNA-binding, 470 Myc-Max complex, model, 471473 nuclear localization, 470 structure/function

b/HLH, 469 leucine zipper, 469-470

transcriptional activity, 468-474 myc oncogene, immunoglobulin heavy chain enhancer transgene, 277 MyoD family

muscle differentiation, 924-925 myogenin, myf-5, MRF4, 924-925 transcriptional activation, 925

Myogenesis, and cell growth, 925-926 Myosin I, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-39 Myosin II

contractile ring protein, 44, 45-46 light chain kinase regulation, 48

Myosin light chain kinase, cleavage furrow regulation, 47 Myosins

Acanrhamoeba h.m.w. unconventional myosin, 31 ameboid myosin-1

containing membrane-binding domain and no actin-binding site, 28 and second actin-binding site, 27-28 brush border myosin I, 28-30 calmodulin/light chain-binding domain, 32-33 Dilute, p190 and MyC2 unconventional myosins, 31-32 NinaC, fly photoreceptor cells, 30-31 tail homology domains, 27-28 unconventional, 27-33

N-Myristoylation MARCKS, 632 proteins, 629-630, 632

N-CAMS, nerve growth cones, 6 Nerve growth cones, motility, 46 Nerve growth factor, ligand for Trk, 162 Neural crest

differentiation factors, new roles, 963 trophic and transcription factors, 962-966 tyrosine kinase systems, 963

Neurite growth, 863-868 inhibitors, 864-866

Neurotibromatosis type 1, cloning, 158 Neurofilaments

dynamics of assembly, 10 transport, regulation by phosphorylation, 11 triplet protein, 100

Index to subjects xxi

Neuromuscular junction, agrin isoforms, 869-870 Neurons

calcium permeation, 670-677 migration modulators, 863-868

Neurospora crassa, mitochondrial protein import, 648-649 Neurotrophin-3, ligand for Trk, 162 Neutral endopeptidase, thermolysin homologue, 1033 Neutrophils, extravasation into tissues, 262 Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor family, 671-672

calcium flux, 673-674 Nidogen see Entactin Nile red, tubulin binding, 55 NinaC, Drosophila photoreceptor cells, 30-31 Nonsense-mediated mRNAs, decay, 981 NSF see (N-)Ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein Nuclear envelope

breakdown (NEBD), differentiation from lamin disassembly, 106 and cytoskeletal structures, 432-433 mitotic assembly/disassembly, 416417

structure/function, 430-435 Nuclear inositides, 216 Nuclear lamina see Lamins, nuclear Nuclear lamina, structure and cell cycle dynamics, 43&432 Nuclear localization signal-binding proteins, 426 Nuclear location sequences, 639-642 Nuclear matrix protein, histone H4-FOIOE gene promoter, 168-l 69 Nuclear pore complex, 426

architecture, 637638 model, 427 molecular trafficking, 637645 polypeptides, 638-639 signals for nuclear import, 639

import receptors, 639-640 pathway, 640-641 regulation, 641642 RNA export, 642

structure/function, 637 Nuclear proteins

cell-cycle-dependent phosphorylation, 414 import-export, 425-426 nuclear import-export, reversible phosphorylation, 420

Nucleocytoplasmic transport, 424-429 RNA transport, 424425

Nucleolar proteins, 426 Nucleosomes, transcription repressors, 436 Nucleotides, exchange and hydrolysis, regulation, 594595 Nucleus and gene expression, edirorial overview, 377-378

Odorant receptors, 195 Okadaic acid

inhibition of protein phosphatases, 1000, 1003 phosphatase inhibition, 187

Oligosaccharides N-linked, roles, 1019-1020 sialic acids, 102&1021

Oncogenes and disease models, 276-277

phosphorylation sites, 414 see also Proto-oncogenes

Oocytes, mRNA localization, 15

Organellar proton-ATPases, 654-660 Origin activation, transcription factors, 460+63 Origin recognition, DNA replication, 459-467 Osteoblast developmental sequence, cell-growth controlled histone gene, 167 Oxytricha, telomere-binding proteins, 381

P34cdcz gene dephosphorylation, 175-176 expression in cell cycle, 175 phosphorylation sites, 414 5. pombe cell cycle, 144

~34cnczs START gene, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 144-145 Pancreas-specific transcription factor, 426 Pax gene family, 967-972

in development, 97&971 mutational analysis, 969-970 mutations in mouse and man, 968-969 structure/function, 967-968

Pectic polysaccharides regulation of cell activities, 860 synthesis and properties, 859-860

Phalloidin, contractile ring filaments, actin recycling, 46 Phosphatases see Protein phosphatases Phosphatidylinositol 3’ kinase fPl3K)

and PDGF receptors, 161-162 and tyrosine kinase receptors, 161

Phosphodiesterase and diseases, 237-238 distribution, 237 isozyme properties, 236 regulation, 237 structure/function, 237

Phosphoinositidase C regulation, 212-213

by C proteins, 212-213 Phosphoproteins

nuclear import-export, 420 see also Protein phosphatases

Photoactivation, tubulin transport studies, 9-10 Photobleaching

actin, 5, 8-10 tubulin, 5, E-IO vimentin-containing fibers, 100

Photoreceptor cells, NinaC, 30-31 Physarum polycephalum, microtubule organising centers, 82-83 PIC see Phosphoinositidase C PKA, PKC see Protein kinase

see a/so Mitogen-activated protein kinase activator

Plants abscisic acid and seed maturation programme, 252-254 cell wall, synthesis, assembly and function, 856-862 light-regulated development, 254 membrane transport, 661-669

carriers, 663-655 ion channels, 665-667 primary pumps, 661-663

meristem identity, 929-930 organ identity, 930-932 signal transduction, 252-255 see a/so Antirrhinum; Arabidopsis

Plasma membrane

xxii Index to subiects

cation antiport systems, 664-665 HS + s-ATPase, 661-662 hexose transport, 663-664 NaS + s-coupled transport, 663 vacuolar carriers, 664

Platelet-derived growth factor bFCF binding 796 binding to proteoglycans, 785 receptor

and phosphoinositidase C, 212 and PIC-b, 212

v-sis proto-oncogene product, PDCF homolog, 785 Platelets

integrin-mediated cytoskeletal reorganization, 774-776 surface glycoproteins, 774-775

PNPP substrate, cdc25 activity, 175 Polarization of cells, 626 PolyfA) metabolism, trans-acting factors, 980-981 Polyphosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C LPLC)

ECF and PDCF receptors, 161-162 PLC-b and PLC-a activation, 163 and tyrosine kinase receptors, 161

Polysaccharides of plant cell walls, 856-862 Post transcriptional processes, editorial overview, 973-974 Prenyl transferase, protein prenylation, 1010 Primary pumps

plasma membrane HS + s-ATPase, 661-662 vacuolar HS + s-ATPase, 662-663 vacuolar HS + s-pyrophosphatase, 663

Profilin, Acanthamoeba, 39-40 Prohormone convertases, 1032 Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, 151 Proteases

cytokines, activation, 1034 disease-associated, 10341035 inactivation of hormones and peptides, 1032-1033 novel, 1032-1036 processing of prohormones and propeptides, 1032 protease 265, breakdown of ubiquitinated proteins, 1027-1028 protein degradation, 1034

Protein(s) glycophospholipid addition, 631 lipid modifications, structure and biological effects, 629-636 N-myristoylation, 629-630, 632

prenylation, 630-631, 632-633 see also Membrane protein(s)

Protein degradation

editorial overview, 974 proteases, 1034 ubiquitin, 1024-1031

signals and substrates, 1024-1026 Protein folding

and chaperones, 984-981 editorial overview, 973-974

Protein glycosylation, 1017-1023 sialic acids, 1020-1021 site-specific glycosylation, 1020

Protein Identification Resource, 685 Protein kinase

CAMP-dependent see CAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibition, 187

structure, 244 initiation of mitosis, 175 PKA

CAMP-dependent, Dictyostelium, 935-936

mitogen-activated protein kinase activator, 992-999 PKC

and diacylglycerol second messenger, 163 integrin cytoplasmic domains as substrates, 766 site-specific mutagenesis, 198

viral tyrosine, 789 Protein modification, editorial overview, 973-974

Protein phosphatases 1 and 2A, entry/exit from mitosis, 49 cell cycle regulation, 1002-1004 cell signalling 1000-1007 inhibition, okadaic acid, 187 initiation of mitosis, 175-176 membrane-to-nuclear transduction, 1000 mitosis-specifc activation of src kinase, 1004 T cell activation, 1001 transcription factor activity regulation, 1002 tyrosine kinase pp60-src, 1004

Protein prenyl transferases, list, 1010 Protein prenylation, 629-630, 632, 1008-1016

farnesyl transferase, 1008-1009 functional consequences, 1012-1014 geranylgerannyl transferase, 1008-1009 prenyl transferase, 1010 Ras proteins, 632-633 signals, 1009-1010 substrates, 1010-1012

Protein recycling endoplasmic reticulum-Colgi intermediate compartment, 605-606 Protein retention signals, 604-605

list, 604 Protein sequences, Protein Identification Resource, 685 Protein sorting and mRNA localization, 15-18 Protein synthesis, inhibition agents, 188 Protein targeting, endoplasmic reticulum membranes, 573-580 Protein tyrosine phosphatase 16, 175-176 Proteoglycans

binding growth factors, 784-786 in cell adhesion, 793-795 in cell migration, 793-795 in cell proliferation, 796 defined, 1018 extracellular matrix assembly, 810 as mitogens, 796-797 molecular interactions, 794 transforming growth factor-a interactions with growth factors, 784-785 types, 784-786

Proto-oncogenes

jun, myogenesis, 926 Myc and Max, transcriptional activity, 468-474 raf-7, regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activator, 995 see a/so Oncogenes

Proton-ATPases, 654-660 evolution, 656658 F-ATPases and V-ATPases, 654 molecular biology, 655-656

Index to subjects xxiii

structure/function relations, 654-655 Psoralen

crosslinks, 391 monoadducts, 385

Purkinje cells calcium regulation, 222 IP-3R release channel, 223

Radiation resistance gene, 389 Radixin, contractile ring protein, 44, 45 raf-1, regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase activator,

995 Ras proteins

CXXX-signalled modifications, 632 prenylation, 632-633, 1013

RCCI-Ran/TC4 regulatory pathway, 174 Receptor desensitization, 198 Regulator of chromatin condensation (RCCI), cdc2 kinase activity, suppression, 414 Replication fork, DNA polymerase u., 150 Restriction enzyme-mediated integration, Dicryoslelium, 936 Reticulomyxa

microtubule sliding 9 organelle transport studies involving dyneins, 70-71

Retinal sodium-calcium exchangers, 678683 Retinoblastoma (Rb) gene

cell cycle, 152, 155, 155-156 and myc interactions, 156 other functions of Rb protein, 156157

Retinoic acid neural crest transcription factors, 963-964 nuclear RA receptors, 963-964

negative regulation of keratin genes, 113 RCD sequence

disintegrins, 760 integrins, 768-769

Ribosome, tram-acting factors, 981 Ribosomenascent chain-signal recognition particle complex, 573 RNA polymerase II transcription, 480-487, 488495

alternate protein-protein interactions, 480-487 pre-initiation complex formation, 488-489 various promoter environments, 488495

RNA polymerase Ill transcription, 475-479 cloned components, 478

RNA processing, 444-452 alternative pre-mRNA splicing, 447

mammalian splicing factors, 446 pre-mRNA processing

eukaryotes, 444-445 yeast, 445-446

pre-mRNA splicing, 44&449 and transport, 424425

RNA synthesis, inhibition agents, 188 RNA transcription, initiation, and chromatin structure, 436 RNA-binding

ribonucleoprotein consensus sequence, 449 see also mRNA

Ryanodine receptor (RyR) calcium channels, 221

S-phase enzyme gene regulation, cell cycle, 149-154 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ARS elements, and transcription factors, 463-464 centriole replication, 82-83 centromeres, 379-380

cloning, 87 protein components, 87-88

cyclins Cl CLNI and 2 gene transcription, 144-148 Cl phase regulation, 145

deletion formation, single-strand annealing, 406 DNA topoisomerases, 396400 ‘domain’ vs ‘strand’ repair, 386 double-strand breaks, protein phosphorylation and cell cycle, 39(t392 epigenetic transcriptional states and position effects, 453-454 gene targeting, 407 histone-mediated silencing of mating-type genes, 437 meiotic recombination, 403 mitotic spindle, centrosomal components, 81-82 mutants, encoding V-ATPases, 658 MY07 myosin II heavy chain, 46 nuclear pore complex, 638 pre-mRNA processing mutants, 445 protein targeting to ER membranes, 573-580 RCCl homologues, mitotic checkpoints, 174 replication and DNA damage, 389 signal recognition, targeting and insertion of pre-proteins on ER membranes, 574-575 signal transduction pathways, comparison with other species, 994 site-specific recombination, 406 spindle pole bodies, 82-83 transcription factors and DNA replication, 463-464

vesicle budding, 589-590 vesicle traffic

fusion mechanism, 58&589 genetic and biochemical analysis, 587-592 regulation of targeting, 587-588

Salmonella Typhimurium, DNA topoisomerases, 397 Salvage pathway, 149 a-Satellite arrays, polymorphisms, 89 Schizosaccharomyces pombe

centromeres, 87, 90, 380 cyclin-dependent kinases, 144-148 cyclins

cdc2 + gene, 144 Cl phase regulation, 145 START p34SCDC2&, 144

mating-type gene switching 406 meiotic recombination, 403 mitosis, premature, 1003 p34Scdc2s gene, cell cycle, 144 p8OScdc25s gene, HI kinase activation, 175 RCCl homologues, mitotic checkpoints, 174 sds22S + s gene, 177 signal transduction pathways, comparison with other species, 994

Secretory granules biogenesis, 616-622

formation on biosynthetic pathway, 617 incorporation of membrane proteins, 619

Secretory vesicles, endocytotic pathway, 617-619

xxiv Index to &bie&

Selectins and carbohydrate ligands, 840-843 cell adhesion molecules, 782 combinatorial specificity, 827 cooperative role with integrins, 844-846 leukocyte (L-selectin), 787, 826, 841 leukocyte rolling (E-selectin), 787-788, 826, 841 and neutrophil extravasation into tissues, 262 and other mammalian sialic acid-binding lectins, 257-266 P-selectin. 787-788, 826, 841 sialyl Lewis carbohydrate structures, 787-788 Weibel-Palade bodies, 787-788

Serendipity-a, contractile ring protein, 44 Serine proteases

function, 804-805 tumor infiltrates, 805

Serotonin transporter, sodium cotransport proteins, 699 Severin, structure and amino acid sequence, 38-40 Sialic acid

characterization, 261 structure/function, 1020-1021

Sialic acid-binding lectins cell-cell interactions, in viva and in vitro, 261-262 mammalian, other than selectins, 259 oligosaccharide ligands, biosynthesis and structure/function relationships, 257-261 structure, 257

Sialyl Lewis carbohydrate structures, 787-788 Signal recognition, targeting and insertion of pre-proteins, 574-575 Signal recognition particles

mammalian, 574-575 protein disposition in membranes, 581-586 receptor, 573 Yarrowia, 575 yeast, 573

Signal transduction fodjun transcription, 496-498 higher plants, 252-255 inside-out, integrins, 766771 integrin receptors, 772-781 pathways, comparisons among species, 994 serine/threonine protein kinase cascade, 992-999

‘Signal-anchor’ sequences membrane insertion, 583-584 protein disposition in endoplasmic reticulum membranes, 581-583 in transgenic animals, 274276

Silkworm, transcription complexes, 476-477 Skin disease, mutations in side chain of keratin intermediate filaments, 96 Small cell lung cancer cells, cell proliferation, 162 Snake venom see Disintegrins Sodium cotransport proteins, 696-702

serotonin transporter, 699 sodium-chlorid&ABA cotransporter family (CAT-~),

698-700 sodium-glucose cotransporter family, 696-698

Sodium-calcium exchange, 67%683 Sorting

by default, defined, 623 machinery and mechanisms, 625-626

and polarization, epithelial cells, 623-628 Spectrin, contractile ring protein, 44 Sphingomyelin, synthesis, 603 Spindle asters, cleavage furrow regulation, 47 Spindle pole bodies, and centrioles, b-tubulin conservation, 82 Spissula, cell-free system from oocytes, centriolar assembly and replication in vitro, 83 Spliceosomes, 444 Splicing factors

Drosophila, 447 mammal, 446-447

Steel locus product, growth factor, 162 Stress response, mammalian, glucose-regulated protein family, 267-273 Stromelysin, cell surface, 804 SV40, phosphorylation sites, 414 SV40 large T antigen

nuclear loction sequences, 639 proteins binding, 640

Synaptogenesis, agrin isoforms, 869874 Syndecan, 784

in cell adhesion, 793-795 in cell proliferation, 797

T cells activation, protein phosphatases, 1001 adhesion cascades, 826-827

Tau protein, microtubule-binding site, 62263 Telomere-binding proteins, 381-382 Telomeres

DNA sequence, 381 structure/function, 38&382 synthesis, 381

Tenascin, 763 ECM protein, 783 and neurite growth, 863

Teniposide, DNA topoisomerases as targets, 398 Terpenticin, DNA topoisomerases as targets, 398 Jetrahymena

Hl dephosphorylation, 415 telomere synthesis, 381

Thermolysin homologue, neutral endopeptidase, 1033 Thrombospondin

ECM protein, 783 functional domains, 821

Thymidine kinase gene expression, 149-150 JK promoter, 149

Thymidylate synthase, gene expression, 150 Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptors, 195 Tight junctions see Adherens junctions Tissue plasminogen activator, site-specific glycosylation, 1020 Tissue remodeling, membrane proteases, 802-809 Topoisomerase genes, 396400 tPA (tissue plasminogen activator), 1020 Transacting factors

antisense RNAs, 981 endo- and exoribonucleases, 980 inhibitor studies, 981 mRNA-binding proteins, 979-980 nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, 981 in poly(A) metabolism, 980-981

Index to subjects xxv

ribosome, 981 Transcription

class III complexes, 475-479 epigenetic mechanisms, 453-458

Transcription factors

assembly of DNA replication complexes, 462-463 and control of DNA replication, 459467 deregulation by mutation or deletion, 484 DNA-binding sites, 484-485 /OS, rg/, 156 gene regulation of IF, 113 Ikappa proteins, 498-499 neural crest, chick, 963-964 origin activation, 460-463

template change, 461 Pax gene family and proteins, 967-972 phosphorylation, 419-420 pofymerase II transcription, 480-487

alternative splicing, 482 homo- and heteromeric combinations, 480-482 positive and negative regulation, 482-483 sequestration by compartmentalization, 4833484

polymerase Ill transcription, 475-479 polypeptide composition and known functions, 489 protein phosphatases, activity regulation, 1002 Rel/NF-kappa8 proteins, 498 RNAPII, initiation competent complex, 492

sequestration by compartmentalization, 483-484 SW14 andSWl6, 145 TATA-containing promoters, pre-initiation complex formation, 49&493 TFIID-nucleosome complex, 438 transcription-repair coupling factor fTRCF), 385-386 U6 genes, yeast and mammals, 477

Transcription repressors histone Hl, 437 nucleosomes, 436

Transforming growth factor-a, 784 Transforming growth factor-a

and bone morphogenetic protein family, 861 expression, regulation by Retinoblastoma (Rb) gene, 156 proteoglycan binding, 796797 thrombospondin binding 783

Transgenesis modification of cell and tissue function, 274279 signalling pathways, 274-276

Transposon-initiated recombination events, 406

Trigger molecules, cell adhesion, 824-825 Trigramin see Disintegrins

Tropomyosins, structure and amino acid sequence, 38 Trypanosoma

gene targeting 407 glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) addition to proteins, 631

Tubulin competitive/noncompetitive inhibitors, 55

b-tubulin, 53-54 component of spindle pole bodies and centrioles, 82

Lys350 mutation and colchicine resistance, 55 microtubule-associated proteins, 5455 photobleaching 5, 8-10 structure and biochemistry, 53-57

ligands, 55 post-translational modifications, 54

sulfhydryl group, 55 see also Microtubules

Tubulin-CDP microtubule dynamics, 58-65

detection by filtration assay, 59 Tumor invasion, integral membrane proteases, 802-809 Tumor suppressor genes

~53, 152, 157 cell cycle, 155-160

putative, G-protein genes, 208 rg/, 155160 selection, 157-158

Tumor suppressor proteins, cyclic phosphorylation, 420 Tyrosine kinase

neural crest systems, 963 regulation of phosphoinositidase C, 213

Tyrosine kinase receptors ligands for Trk, met and kit, 162 signal transduction, 161-162

Tyrosine phosphatase IB, 175-176 Tyrosine phosphatases

tyrosine kinase pp60-src, 1004 unidentified, 1001

Ubiquitin de-ubiquitination, 1027 intracellular protein degradation, 1024-1031 ubiquitin-activating enzymes, 1026 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, 1026

Ustilago maydis, single-strand annealing, 406 UTRs see mRNA, untranslated regions

V-ATPases, 654 amino acid sequences, 656 catalytic, evolution, 657 diversity, 658

Vacuolar carriers, 664 Vacuolar HS + s-ATPase, 662-663 Vacuolar HS + s-pyrophosphatase, 663 Vasopressin, tyrosine kinase activation, 199 Vero cells, ERCIC, 601 Versican, ECM protein, 783 Vesicle traffic

and Golgi complex, 609-615 mammalian cells, Rab proteins, 594 Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 587-592

vesicle intermediates, 593-594 Vesicles, coat assembly/disassembly, 596 Villin, structure and amino acid sequence, 39-40 Vimentin

filament organization in muscle, 111 transfection, 100

Vinca alkaloids, microtubule assembly, 55 Vinculin, barbed-end capping protein, 834-835 Vitronectin-like proteins, plant cell wall, 860-861

Waardenburg’s syndrome, Pax gene mutations, 968-969 Weibel-Palade bodies, P-selectin, 787-788 White spothg growth factor, 162 Wilm’s tumor-l, cloning 158 Wool keratin intermediate filaments, 95

xxvi Index to subjects

Xenopus axonal transport, moving and stationary compartments of cytoskeleton, 9-10 cell cycle regulation, protein phosphatases, 1003 chromatin condensation, 415-416 double-strand breaks, repair, single-strand annealing, 406 endopeptidase, magaininase, 1033 interphase fibroblasts, and maturation-promoting factor, 49 mitogen-activated’protein kinase activator, 995 mRNA localization, determinants, 975 Myo-D in early embryonic development, 483

muscle differentiation, 924-925 myosin II light chain kinase, phosphorylation, 48-49 RCCI homologues, mitotic checkpoints, 174 topoisomerase II requirement, 415

vegetal pole zipcode sequences, 975 Xenopus oocytes, nuclear pore complex, 637-638 Xeroderma pigmentosum

DNA excision repair deficiency, 387 gene-specific bypass replication, 390 tumor suppression and point mutations, 387-388

Xyloglucans, structure/function and assembly, 857-859

yarrowia, signal recognition particles, 575 Yeast see Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yi protein complex, 149 Yi transcription complexes, 156

Zinc fingers, DNA-binding motifs, cardiac muscle, 257-260 Zinc metalloprotease, endopeptidase 24.11 (neutral endopeptidase), 1033