Current Situation and
Future Plan of Infra Development
in Myanmar
13 June 2016
Mr. Kyi Zaw Myint
Director
Expressway Unit
Department of Highway
2 History of DOH Myanmar
3 Road Classification in Myanmar
5 Long Term Arterial Road Network Development Plan For Myanmar
7 How to Finance Myanmar's Transport Infrastructure by ADB
8 SWOT Analysis of Myanmar Transport Sector by ADB
1 Myanmar Profile
4 Issue in Arterial Road Network Development in Myanmar
6 Finding Strategies
National data
Population - 54.6 millions
Land Area - 676,578 sq km
Coastal Line - 2800 km
Road Length - 162985 km (2015)
No of Registered - 5320608 (2015 Sept)
Vehicle
Neighbouring - China, Laos,Thailand,
Countries India ,Bangladesh,
6
Myanmar National Data
Official Language
Climate
Economy
•7 States & 7 Regions
•138 National Races
Composition
•Naypyitaw (Government)
•Yangon (Economic)
•Mandalay (Culture)
Capital City
•Myanmar
•Seasons ( Summer, Rainy, Winter)
•Temperature (Mean max: 31˚C)
•Humidity (Mean ~ 70 %)
•Avg. Annual rainfall (~ 1800 mm)
•Currency – Kyat ( 1 US $ ~ 1179 kyat ) on 6JUNE2016
•Per capita GDP – 700 US $ (December 2015)
Department
of Building
Department
of Bridge
Department of
Highways
Department
of
Urban and
Housing
DevelopmentDirector General Director General Director General
Director General
Minister’s Office
Union Minister
Permanent Secretary
Colonial Era (to 1948)
Parliament Democracy Era (1948 to 1962)
Myanmar Socialist Era (1962 to 1988)
State Peace and Development Council
(1988 to 2010)
Current (2010 to Now)
Colonial Era (to 1948)
PWD was established at 1861 after Second Anglo-Burmese war.
Engineers of PWD were assigned India Services of Engineer(ISE).
Responsibility for the Construction and Maintenance of
• Roads and Bridges
• Canals, Irrigation, River Training
• Harbours and marine-time facilities, eg: lighthouses
• Hospital and School Building
• Building of offices and Official residences
• Not including Railway Construction
At 1937, after separation from India, PWD Engineers became Burma services of
Engineers(BSE).
BSE ceased to exist after independence in January 1948.
Parliamentary Government Era (1948-1962)
Responsibility of PWD are Construction and Maintenance of
• Roads and Bridges
• Canals, Irrigation, River Training
• Harbours and marine-time facilities, eg: lighthouses
• Hospital and School Building
• Building of offices and Official residences
• Not including Railway Construction
The organization of PWD was nearly same with colonial Era PWD.
Myanmar Socialist Government Era (1962 to 1988)
In 1964, Government established Public Works Corporation with all Engineers
from all Government Departments.
PWD was the only department for National Infrastructure Development
Military Government Era (1988-2010)
In 1988, Democracy revolution was appeared and the Myanmar military attained
the Country and ruled by State Peace and Development Council (SPDC).
Changed the name of Ministry to Ministry of Construction
PWD is under the Ministry of Construction
The responsibility of PWD are Construction and Maintenance of Road and
Bridges.
For irrigation is under the Ministry of Agriculture.
For canal and river training are under the Ministry of Transportation.
All of the Ministries have owned Engineering Department.
Democratic Government (2010 to Now)
PWD is under the Ministry of Construction.
The main responsibility of PWD is Construction and Maintenance of Road and
Bridges and the development of National Infrastructure especially roads
Transport Sector.
At 2015, PWD was divided into three Departments as
• Department of Highways (DOH)
• Department of Bridges (DOB)
• Department of Building
Now Ministry of Construction plan to combine the DOH and DOB into one
Department.
Now DOH is planning to reform SOE by corporatization.
Organizations Concrete road
Bituminous + AC road
Metal road
Gravelroad
Earth road
Mule road
Total (km)
1 Ministry of Construction 934.421 20426.709 4625.359 5546.808 7874.62 720.58 40128.504
2 Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Rural
Development 348.02 4778.14 18680.46 4976.69 59344.56 - 88127.87
3 Ministry of Border Areas
607.53 4405.58 2693.84 684.57 6582.01 - 14973.53
4 Yangon City Development
Committee - 1604.31 1452.63 1582.79 - - 4639.73
5 Mandalay C D C 19.01 754.68 146.90 - 314.27 - 1234.86
6 Naypyitaw C D C 407.77 160.93 41.84 1035.81 177.03 - 1823.38
7 Directorate of Military Engineers
393.48 703.08 1204.19 170.59 8482.15 - 10953.49
8 Ministry of Electrical Power
86.70 88.51 542.15 96.36 290.28 - 1104.00
Grand Total (km) 2796.93 32921.94 29387.37 14093.62 83064.92 720.58 162-985.36
(As of January, 2015)
SrNo.
Budget YearConcrete
(km)
Bituminous
(km)
Metal
(km)
Gravel
(km)
Earth
(km)
Total
(km)
1 March. 2011 638 16623 5635 5561 9326 37785
2 March. 2012 661 17185 5740 5642 9855 39083
3 March. 2013 695 18286 5255 5793 9673 39702
4 March. 2014 934 20427 4625 5547 8596 40129
5 March 2015 1217 22990 4314 4963 7090 40574
45.6% 45.7%47.8%
53.2%
59.7%
Paved Ratio : 22 %
2%
20%
18%
9%
51%
0%
Total road length 162985 (March, 2015)
Concrete - 2796.8 km
Bituminous - 32922.1 km
Metalled - 29387.2 km
Gravel - 14093.6 km
Earth - 83064.8 km
Mule - 720.6 km
1. Planning Process
2. Development Planning Strategy
3. Transport Infrastructure Development
4. How to Develop Arterial Road Networks
1
2
3
4
1. Planning Issues
○ Not Extrapolation of Current Trends → Policies for the future
Planning Process
Goals / Objectives / Targets
Current Situations
Improvement Methods
Future Situations
Improvement Strategies
forecasting
by Policies
- how much ?
- how many ?
- how strong ?
Government’s Policies on Economic Development
are in the National Comprehensive Development Plan
Transport Infrastructure is a basis for Economic Development
Goals / Objectives ⇒ O.K.
Related Strategies ⇒ O.K.
How to make it implemented ?
Targets
⇒ Socio-Economic Indicators
Strategies
Implementation
Transport
Infrastructure
2. Development Planning Strategy
Transport Planning & Spatial Development Plans are closely related
⇒ Spatial development plans should be supported
by transport infrastructure
3. Transport Infrastructure Development
4. How to Develop Arterial Road Networks ?
Master Plan
- Long-term
- Comprehensive
- Priority
Financing Strategy
- Gov. Fund
- Loan
- Private Investment
Capacity Building within Legal Frameworks
Thinking the Future Acting by Phased Plans
⇒ Long-term Master Plan
Background and Objectives
Socio-Economic Indicators
Transport Demand Forecast
Arterial Road Network Development Planning
Phased Development Planning
1
2
3
4
5
1.1 Background
Myanmar has abundant natural resources and great potentials.
However, - Lack of road infrastructure
- Higher transport costs
It is necessary to establish a comprehensive & long-term plan for
arterial road network development for socio-economic development
1.2 Objectives
to set up an optimum transport system in order to stimulate
regional socio-economic activities in Myanmar
to prepare medium- and long-term plans for arterial road network
development 1) for accelerating economic growth and 2) for supporting
efficient and systematic development of arterial road networks
▪ Scenario 1 : extrapolating the growth rate during1983~2014
▪ Scenario 2 : reflecting life expectancy increase and birth rate decrease
▪ Scenario 3 : considering lower birth rates by national strategies
A. Scenario Setup for Growth Rate of Total Population
2.1 Population
B. Estimated Population by Scenario
Year Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
2014 51.42 51.42 51.42
2020 55.30 55.23 54.91
2025 58.76 58.48 57.71
2030 62.43 61.77 60.35
2035 66.33 65.08 62.81
2040 70.48 68.40 65.03
(Unit : Million)
☞ Increase : 17million persons up to 2040
C. Future Population
Total Population
- 2014 : 51,419 ,000
- 2040 : 68,404,000
( 16,985 ,000 )
Region & State Growth
Yangon 5,268
Mandalay 2,526
Shan 1,527
Bago 1,144
Rakhine 1,101
Sagaing 891
Naypyitaw 791
Tanintharyi 785
Ayeyarwady 783
Mon 647
Magway 548
Kachin 443
Kayin 346
Chin 105
Kayah 80
Total 16,985
(Unit : 1,000 people)
Yangon
Mandalay
Shan
Bago
Rakhine
Sagaing
Ayeyarwady
5.5 m
4.9 m
2.2 Growth Domestic Products (GDP)
Most of Asian countries have recorded over 7.0% growth rates
in GDP during 20 years’ economic growth period (except for Japan)
Year Japan Korea Thailand Malaysia Indonesia China Viet Nam
1970 209 9 7 4 10 91 3
1975 261 14 10 6 14 121 3
1980 324 21 14 9 21 166 4
1985 399 33 19 12 28 277 6
1990 509 53 30 16 39 404 7
1995 546 78 45 26 57 721 10
2000 569 100 47 33 59 1,090 14
2005 604 125 61 41 74 1,737 21
2010 614 151 73 51 98 2,954 29
2012 623 160 78 57 111 3,478 33
GrowthRate
’70~’90 4.5% 9.4% 7.3% 7.7% 7.1% 7.7% 4.6%
’90~’12 0.9% 5.1% 4.4% 5.8% 4.9% 10.3% 7.3%
’70~’12 2.6% 7.1% 5.8% 6.7% 5.9% 9.1% 6.0%
(Unit : US$ Billion)
Source : http://data.un.org
A. GDP Trends in Other Countries (Constant Prices in 1970)
B. Economic Growth Scenario
▪ To reflect the targeted economic growth rates of NCDP & NTDP
▪ To consider GDP growth trends of other countries : 7.7% ~ 7.1%
Classification NCDP-MNPED1) NTDP – JICA2) Modified Growth Rate
High Growth 8.4% 7.7% 8.0%
Moderate Growth 7.2% 7.2% 7.2%
Low Growth 5.67% 6.0% 6.2%
Source 1 : The 2nd Myanmar Development Cooperation Forum, January 2014, MNPED
Source 2 : The survey program for the National Transport Development Plan(final Draft),
June 2014, JICA
▪ Targeted Economic Growth Rates : 7.2% per year
< Comparison with Other National Plans >
3.1 Transport Analysis Zone
Myanmar Arterial
Road Master Plan
- Internal Zone :
333 zones by Township
- External Zone :
with considering
international road networks
- Internal Zone :
71 zones by District
- External Zone :
with considering
international road networks
Myanmar
National Transport
Master Plan
Zoning
4 Step
Modelling1) Trip Generation
2) Trip Distribution
3) Modal Choice
4) Traffic Assignment
3.2 Results of Traffic Assignment
ClassificationAssigned Volume
(veh/day)
0~2,000
~7,000
~17,000
~45,000
45,001~
Legend
□ 2020 □ 2025
□ 2030 □ 2035
ClassificationAssigned Volume
(veh/day)
0~2,000
~7,000
~17,000
~45,000
45,001~
Legend
Transport Demand :
☞ 5.39 times (people) up to 2035
☞ 5.65 times (freight) up to 2035
Needs to :
☞ Supply more Expressways
☞ increase Quality of
Union Highways, Regional/State Roads
Center to Center
Connection
Multimodal Transport
Connectivity
International Linkage
Hierarchical Road
Network Development
Topographical
Consideration
Current Proposal
Road Class Length
Expressway 9,470㎞
Main Arterial 13,224㎞
Sub Arterial 11,684㎞
Total 34,378㎞
Expressway Arterial RoadDevelopment by Phased
Phase 1-1 (2016-2020) Phase 1-2 (2021-2025)
Road Class2016~2020
Length Cost
Expressway 558 2,886
Main Arterial 2,794 5,784
Sub Arterial 347 525
Total 3,699 9,195
Road Class2021~2025
Length Cost
Expressway1,165
(364)
5,722
(871)
Main Arterial 2,062 3,455
Sub Arterial 694 1,091
Total 3,921 10,268
Phase 2 (2026-2035) After 2035
Road ClassAfter 2035
Length Cost
Expressway3,879
(597)
18,424
(1,172)
Main Arterial 9,029 18,282
Sub Arterial 2,429 4,824
Total 15,337 41,530
Road Class2026~2035
Length Cost
Expressway2,156
(233)
9,816
(301)
Main Arterial 4,173 9,043
Sub Arterial 1,388 3,208
Total 7,717 22,067
Planning Summary
(unit : km, US$ mm)
Note : ( ) stands for the cost and the length for improvement of the existing expressway
Road ClassTotal 20yrs(2016~2035) P1 (2016~2020) P2 (2021~2025) P3 (2026~2035)
Length Cost Length Cost Length Cost Length Cost Length Cost
Expressway9,470
(597)
50,941
(1,172)
3,879
(597)
18,424
(1,172)558 2,886
1,165
(364)
5,722
(871)
2,156
(233)
9,816
(301)
Main Arterial 13,224 27,617 9,029 18,282 2,794 5,784 2,062 3,455 4,173 9,043
Sub Arterial 11,684 25,461 2,429 4,824 347 525 694 1,091 1,388 3,208
Sum 34,378 104,019 15,337 41,530 3,699 9,195 3,921 10,268 7,717 22,067
Proper Investment based on GDP: 41,106 8,349 9,331 23,427
▪ Arterial Road Networks are developed (for the next 20 years) :
- Expressway 3,879 km (41.0% of 9,470 km)
- Main Arterial 9,029 km (68.3% of 13,224 km) ~ Union Highways
- Sub Arterial 2,429 km (20.8% of 11,684 km) ~ Region/State Roads
- Sum 15,337 km [ 44.6% of the Sum 34,378km ]
US$ 41,530 million ⇨ could be evaluated as ‘positive development’ ☞ Positive development: Transport infrastructure is leading economic development
Project Costs
Funding Sources for Road Sector
Suggestions
1
2
3
1. Project Costs for the next 20 years
1,850
2,050
(2016~2020) (2021~2025) (2026~2035)
(US$ million)
US$ 9,195 mm
US$ 10,268 mm
US$ 22,067 mm
Expressway : US$ 18,424 million
Arterial Roads : US$ 23,106 million
Total : US$ 41,530 million
: 3,879 km
: 11,458 km
: 15,337 km
☞ ‘US$ 41.5 bn’ will need for the arterial road network development
for the next 20 years.
Internal
Fund
(tax,···)
External
Fund
General Account
Special Account
Overseas
Assistance
Loan
Private
Capital
Special Account : Transport Infrastructure Special Account
ODA(EDCF)
Grant(ODA)
Commercial Bank
PPP (Public-Private
Partnership)
*
*
☞ A Special Account (internal fund) is strongly recommended
to secure a stable funding source
for transport infrastructure development.
2. Funding Sources for Road Sector
MDB
Funding
Sources
for
Road Sector
Description Amount ratio
Project Costs 41,530 100.0%
Internal fund 13,840 33.3%
External
fund
Loan/Grant 13,845 33.3%
Private 13,845 33.3%
(unit : US$ million)
Internal Fund
(33.3%)
Loan(33.3%)
Private(33.3%)
3. Suggestions
5×7 = 13535 km
No NameLength
(Km)Remark
1
Express Way 10
Pathein - Kan Kone - Pan Ta Naw - Sar Ma Lout - Yangon -Bago -Tha Hton -
Hpa An - Naung Lon - Kyone Doe - Myawadi Express Way .
537
3
Express Way 30
Taunggote - Nyaungkyo - Oakshitpin -Pantaung - Sintae - Pyay - Paukkhung - Oaktwin -
Taungoo - Than Daung - Bawgali - Mawchee-Hpasoung Expressway
576
4
Express Way 40
Kyaukpyu - Maei - Ann - Padan - Minbu - Magway -Kanbyar - Myothit -Taungnyo -
Pyinmana - Kinthar - Koegway - Pinloung - Pekon - Loikaw Expressway
696
5
Express Way 50
Sittwe - Kyauktaw -Madupi - Mindat - Kanpelet -Chauk -Gwaycho - Kyaukpandaung -
Meiktila - Taunggyi - Kengtong - Tachileik - Kenglep Expressway
1681
6
Express Way 60
SarSiChauk - Hakha - Gangaw - Pale - Monywa - Myinmu - Sagaing - Mandalay -
Pyinoolwin - Lashio - Nahhu - Chinshwehaw Expressway
1104
7
Express Way 70
Tamu - Sittaung -Yaunghee - Pinlebu -Wuntho - Hteegyaing -Ngaoe - Ngabatkyee -
Sinkhan -Hanhtet - Sawunkahtaung-Mansi - Manweigyee - Namkham Expressway
569
Total ( KM ) 5483
No NameLength
(Km)Remark
1
Express Way 15
Taungpyo - Kyeinchaung - Maungdaw - Buthidaung - Kyauktaw - Myaukoo - Ann -
Maei-Taunggoup - Gwa - Pathein - Ngaputaw Expressway
950
2
Express Way 25
Tamu - Kale - Gangaw - Hteelin - Pauk - Kanpyar - Oakshitpin - Batye - Kwinkauk
- Myokwin-Hinthada - Zalun - Danubyu - Setkount - Maubin - Kyaiklat - Pyapon -
Amar Expressway
836
3
Express Way 35
Lahe - Khanti - Phongpyin - Thetkalkyin - Kalewa - Monywa - Mying - Pakokhu -
Chauk -Kanpyar - Magway - Minbu - Aunglan - Pyay - Paungde - Minhla - Taikgyi -
Yangon Express Way
1807
4
Express Way 45
Pansaung - Shinbwayyan - Tanai - Namati - Nanseaung - Indaw - Shwebo -
Sagaing - Mandalay - Yangon Express Way
1400
5
Express Way 55
Putao - Sumprabum - Myintkyina - Bamaw - Mawsikhwa - Lashio - Kyaukme -
Shwenyaung-Taunggyi - Hopon - Loikaw - Hpasaung - Papun - Natgyi - Bele -
Paung - Mawlamyine -Ye - Dawei - Tanintharyi - Bokpyin - Kawthoung Express
Way
3059
Total (Km) 8052
12×6 = 14774 km
No NameLength
(Km)Remark
1Main Arterial Road - 2
Tanintharyi - Thaephyu - Mawtaung Road
112
2Main Arterial Road - 4
dawei - Heindu - Myitta - Sinphyutaing - Htesi Road
161
3Main Arterial Road - 6
Thanbyuzayat - Taungzon - Mezali - Chaungsone - Three pagodas Road16
4
Main Arterial Road - 8
Ngayotekaung - Oakshitkwin - Ngaputaw - Myaungmya - Wakema -
Mawlamyainggun - Bogale - Pyapon - Daydaye - Kungyangone - Kautmhu - Dala
- Thanlyin - Thonegwa - Khayan - Thanatpin - Bago Road
410
5
Main Arterial Road - 10
Pathein - Kaungkone - Pantanaw - Sarmalout - Htandapin - Hmawbi - Bago -
Sittaung - Bele - Thaton - Hpaan - Jyaing - Kyondoe - Myawadi Road
561
6
Main Arterial Road - 12
Taunggup - Oakshitpin - Pantaung - Pyai - Paukkhaung - Oaktwin - Tangoo -
Taungtong - Mawche - Hpasaung Road
576
7
Main Arterial Road - 14
Kyaukphyu - Maei - Ann - Minbu - Magway - Taungtwingyi - Chaungnet -
Pyinmanar - Pinloung - Hpekhon - Loikaw Road
746
No NameLength
(Km)Remark
8
Main Arterial Road - 16
Sittwe - Ponnagyun - Kyauktaw - Paletwa - Madupi - Kanpetlet - Gazunma-
Chauk - Gwaycho - Kyaukpadaung - Meiktila - Kalaw - Taunggyi - Hopone -
Loilen - Namsang - Kunhein - Tarkaw - Mongpyin - Tontar - Kengtung -Mongma -
Monglar Road
1599
9
Main Arterial Road - 18
Sarsichauk - Haka - Gangaw - Pale - Monywa - Myinmu - Saging - Htonebo -
Pyinoolwin - Hsipaw - Lashio - Hseni - Kunlong - Nanghoo - Chinshwehaw
Road
986
10
Main Arterial Road - 20
Kalewa - Kyiekone - Thetkalkyin - Taze - Yeoo - Shwebo - Kyaukmyaung - Singu
-Latpanhla - Thapatekyin - Mongmite - Nangkham - Muse Road
708
11
Main Arterial Road - 22
Tamu - Pinlebu - Wuntho - Kyauktan - Hteegyaik - Myataung - Sinkhan - Mansi -
Nankham Road
558
12
Main Arterial Road - 24
Pansaung - Nanyon - Shinbyawyan - Tanaing - Namati - Myitkyina - Wynemaw -
Sadone - Kanpaikti Road
490
Total (KM) 6923
No NameLength
(Km)Remark
1
Main Arterial Road - 1
Bandulla - Buthidaung - Maungdaw - Ponnagyun-Pauktaw - Minbya - Kyarinntaung
- Ann - Maei -Taunggup - Thandwe - Kyaintali -Gwa - Chaungthar - Pathein Road
931
2
Main Arterial Road - 3
Tamu - Khanpat - Kyigone - Kale - Hanthawadi - Gangaw - Hteelin - Saw -Kanpyar
- Padan - Oakshitpin - Batye - Kwinkauk Road
1139
3
Main Arterial Road - 5
Nangmatie - Nanghsiaung - Nangthe -Wunkyi - Kawlin - Kyunnhla -Kanbalu -
Zigon - Karboe - Taze - Yeu - Monywa - Salingyi - Lingadaw - Myaing -Pakokku -
Latpanchipaw - Nyaungoo - Kyaukpadaung - Magway - Minbu -Minhla - Thayet -
Kamma - Pyay - Minhla - Taikkyi - Mhawbi -Yangon Road
1396
4
Main Arterial Road - 7
Myitkyina - Waingmaw -Bamaw - Sawankahtaung - Manwainlay - Ngarbatgyi -
Shwegu - Kyaydaw - Tagaung - Thabeikkyin - Mandalay - Kyaukse -Meikhtila -
Pyinmana - Taungoo - Nyaunglaybin - Bayargyi - Zayatkwin - Htaukkyant Road
1291
5
Main Arterial Road - 9
Muse - Nanpakha - Kutkai - Pangketu - Lai-cha - Loilen - Hopone - Hteesekhar -
Loikaw - Bawlakhe - Papun - Beelin - Mawlamyine - Dawei - Tanintharyi - Bokpyin -
Kawthaung Road
2345
6
Main Arterial Road - 11
Nanhoo - Mongmaw - Mongpouk - Mongkhat - Kengtung - Mongpayak - Talay-
Tachileik Road
749
Total (KM) 7851
• Myanmar’s GFCF has increased in last 10 years
• Transport spending has lagged behind and could soon limit growth potential.
• 8% GDP growth rate requires Myanmar to invest (GFCF) 30%+ of its GDP
• Fast growing Asian countries dedicated 10-15% of GFCF to transport (3-4% of GDP)
Source: Data ADB. 2015. Asian Development Outlook. Manila. National Transport Master Plan comparisons and targets for transport GFCF.
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Sh
are
of
GD
P
GFCF Public capital expenditures Public transport investment
Source: ADB. 2016. Myanmar Transport Sector Policy Note. Manila . Estimates draw from National Transport Master Plan and Yangon Urban Transport Master Plan.
• Highways : $10.5 billion
• Rural roads : $ 5.4 billion
• Urban transport : $ 9.9 billion
• Railways : $ 4.9 billion
• Ports & airports : $ 4.6 billion
• River transport : $ 0.4 billion
Maintenance and
investment needs:
$35.7 billion
(2016-2025)
Source: ADB. 2016. Myanmar Transport Sector Policy Note. Manila . Estimates draw from National Transport Master Plan
and Yangon Urban Transport Master Plan.
$45 to $60 billion transport investment needs by 2030
Source: ADB. 2016. Myanmar Transport Sector Policy Note: How to Reform Transport Institutions. Manila.
$ m
illio
n $2.3 billion
financing gap by 2020
• Multiple priorities limit government ability to scale up own budget
• Private sector investments limited by lack of long-term financing, dearth of “good”
projects, and low cost-recovery
• SOE deficit (mainly MR) may widen unless addressed
Strengths Weaknesses
Sweeping political reforms are leading to resumption
of multilateral and bilateral development assistance for Myanmar's transport sector.
Transport sector is expected to be a priority area of assistance for development partners.
Staff in the transport sector are committed and
competent, and operate relatively effectively under difficult circumstances.
Transport system is in a poor state, providing a
relatively "clean slate" for formulating a sustainable
transport strategy and policies to meet future transport demand.
National integration policy has resulted in primary road network extending to most areas of the country.
There is little encroachment on highway rights-of-way.
Existing rail network connects most regions of the country.
There is an extensive navigable river network with inland water transport services.
The institutional structure is fragmented and
there is a lack of clarity in defining roles and responsibilities.
A comprehensive and integrated transport development strategy is lacking.
State enterprises operating on a noncommercial basis dominate the transport sector.
State transport enterprises in civil aviation, ports,
railways, and bus services are operating inefficiently.
Many transport prices are centrally set and controlled.
Budgetary subsidies compensate for low transport fares, distorting financial management.
There is a lack of familiarity with international
best practices for procurement, financial
management, and environmental and social safeguards.
Opportunities Threats
Political and economic environment is
improving rapidly.
Basic subsector structures are functional.
Staff resources of the responsible transport
ministries and agencies are committed and
work effectively.
Extensive assistance is required in all areas of
the transport sector.
Considerable scope exists for public- private
partnership initiatives.
Political reform fails to be sustained of
occurs more slowly than envisaged.
Political reform occurs too quickly, creating
a vacuum in policy and regulatory control.
Economic growth fails to materialize as
quickly as expected.
Subsector agencies are unable or unwilling
to transition from subsector operators to
subsector regulators and managers.
Externally supported transport investments
are uncoordinated.
Institutional restructuring and capacity
building is not addressed.
Invitation from Myanmar
We would like to invite you to invest for Myanmar's
infrastructure development (Transport Sector) especially in
Highway Construction Projects and Department of Highway
(DOH) will cooperate and collaborate with you.