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D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

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D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC. University of Provence and University Paul Cézanne N. BERNIER (d) , F. BOCQUET (a) , A. CHARAÏ (a) , W. SAIKALY (b) C. MARTIN (c) , M. RICHOU (c) , P. ROUBIN (c) , C. BROSSET (d) , B. PEGOURIE (d) (a) TECSEN, University Paul Cézanne - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 20 TORE SUPRA Association Euratom-CEA D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC University of Provence and University Paul Cézanne N. BERNIER (d) , F. BOCQUET (a) , A. CHARAÏ (a) , W. SAIKALY (b) C. MARTIN (c) , M. RICHOU (c) , P. ROUBIN (c) , C. BROSSET (d) , B. PEGOURIE (d) (a) TECSEN, University Paul Cézanne (b) CP2M, University Paul Cézanne (c) PIIM, University of Provence (d) Association Euratom-CEA, Cadarache
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Page 1: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

University of Provence and University Paul Cézanne

N. BERNIER(d), F. BOCQUET(a), A. CHARAÏ(a), W. SAIKALY (b)

C. MARTIN(c), M. RICHOU(c), P. ROUBIN(c), C. BROSSET(d), B. PEGOURIE(d)

(a) TECSEN, University Paul Cézanne

(b) CP2M, University Paul Cézanne

(c) PIIM, University of Provence

(d) Association Euratom-CEA, Cadarache

Page 2: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Multiscale porosity

1g C sphere math, r =5 mm, S=3.10-4 m2

mono-layer surface : deposit : 120 m2/g D/C =3 %CFC : 2 m2/g

Supermicropore (1.3 < d < 2 nm)

Ultramicropore(d < 1.3 nm)

1E-7 1E-6 1E-5 1E-4 1E-3 0.01 0.1 10.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

TX (600°C) TS (600°C)

Coverage

Relative pressure

CH4 adsorption, isotherm 77 K

Relative pressure

adsorption

desorption

N2 adsorption, isotherm 77 K

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.00.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0Coverage

Volumetric adsorption

Mesopore2 nm < d < 50 nm

Porositymicro ~10 %meso ~ 4 %

Page 3: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

10 m

Macropores

Ovoid axis

.

Foil = 15 µm x 5 µm x 100 nm

mesopore Parallel network slit-shaped pores

Granulesspherical particles 20-50 nmhomogeneous growth

Macropores(d > 50 nm)45 ° from ovoid axis

Page 4: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Deposits, no D dust : generation /

clustering

mesopores

45°45°

granulesmacropore

Concentric shells ~ a few µmMesopores and macroporesorientation / ovoid axis ~ 45°pore network ovoid

symmetry ?Distance between mesopores ~ 50

nm clustering of granules of 20-50 nm

micropores d ~ 1 nm, 120 m2/g 10 %

mesopores d ~ 10 nm 4 %

macropores d ~ 100 nm

Multiscale structure BUT no D trapping

Growth of deposits, impact on dust ?

Tentative schemeof an ovoid

Page 5: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA CFC Sample

diagnostic

B

pI

Sample Holder

Langmuir Probe

L. Begrambekov

d002=0.335 nm

Page 6: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

1 m0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

10-2

10-1

100

101

102

D c

once

ntra

tion

[at.%

]

Depth [m]

= 1.0 x 1025 D.m-2

= 4.7 x 1024 D.m-2

= 1.4 x 1024 D.m-2

= 3.1 x 1022 D.m-2

~ 1020 D.m-2

~ 3.7 m

D rich deposit : D/C ~ 0.4

NRA flat top = D trapped in amorphous layer

D tail-off in CFC where ? how ?

NRA

Page 7: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

1 m

D in CFC amorphous

d = 0.335 nm

in CFC matrix

no loss of sp2

/ virgin CFC

no D content

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

loss of sp2 (sp2 bond) amorphous C

sp2 signature no D content, D free C

Page 8: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

1 m

Platinium migration on virgin CFC

macropore : 100 nm large between matrix & fiber

b)

D in macroporosity of CFC-N11

~ 100 nm~ 100 nm

D tail in CFC = macropores

relationship to D trapping & deposits ?

100 nm

Page 9: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA Summary

D trapped in layerD in CFC macropores D long term retention ?

little D trapped in deposit micro-meso-macro poresdust inventory ?

Tsurface = 1000 K Tsurface = 50 K

Page 10: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Focussed Ion Beam carving for fast electron

probing

Pt Deposition FIB carving

Torsion Relaxation of contraints Final cut

Focused Ion Beam

Thickness ~ 100 nm

5 µm

Page 11: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

d002=3.35Ǻ

Caractérisation de la structure du CFC-N11

Lame FIB du CFC irradié

Couche a

morphe

Matrice

du CFC

Interface

Page 12: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 810-2

10-1

100

101

102

D c

once

ntr

atio

n [at.%

]

Depth [m]

= 1.0 x 1025 D.m-2

= 4.7 x 1024 D.m-2

= 1.4 x 1024 D.m-2

= 3.1 x 1022 D.m-2

~ 1020 D.m-2

Caractérisation de la structure du CFC-N11

Profil de concentration en deuterium obtenu par NRA (technique par faisceau d’ions)

V. Kh. Alimov

3.7 m

Plateau de D Décroissance de D

Echantillon étudié

Page 13: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Description des techniques employées

EELS Structure électronique

Faisceau d’électrons

Zone illuminée

échantillon

Ecran du microscope

Ouverture d´entrée

Secteurmagnétique

Camera CCD

quadrupolessextupoles

Fente de sélectionen énergie

Lentilles d´ alignement

Interactions inélastiques

Bande de valence

1s

Bande de conduction

1s vers * ou *

DOS

Energie

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

180000

200000

270 280 290 300 310 320 330 340 350

Perte d'énergie (eV)

Inte

nsi

té (

ua)

1s→*

1s→* Spectre du graphite

Page 14: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Description des techniques employées

La comparaison du spectre d’un échantillon de carbone amorphe inconnu à celui du graphite permet de déterminer la fraction d’atomes de carbone hybridé sp2 dans l’échantillon

Caractère sp2 ↔ 285 eV

Diamant: sp3

Graphite: sp2

4

3 et 1

Page 15: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

C-K1s→* 1s→*

Energy-loss (eV)

Inte

nsit

y (a

rb. u

nits

)

f)

fraction sp2 = 72% 4%

fraction sp2 = 96 % 2%

Spectres EELS

Caractérisation de la structure du CFC-N11

1 m

Une fois l’interface franchie, présence d’une structure graphitique identique à celle du CFC vierge

Page 16: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Caractérisation de la structure du CFC-N11

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 810-2

10-1

100

101

102

D c

once

ntra

tion

[at.%

]

Depth [m]

= 1.0 x 1025 D.m-2

= 4.7 x 1024 D.m-2

= 1.4 x 1024 D.m-2

= 3.1 x 1022 D.m-2

~ 1020 D.m-2

~ 3.7 m

1 m

72 %

96 %

Présence du deutérium en profondeur dans le matériau, mais non lié dans la matrice du CFC

Page 17: D trapping in Multi-scale structure of carbon PFC

ITPA Toronto 2006 Ph. Ghendrih November 2006

TORE SUPRA

AssociationEuratom-CEA

Caractérisation de la structure du CFC-N11

Avant irradiation plasma

10 m


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