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Delphi Expert Survey on
Smart Cities Switzerland 2035
FFRC’s Futures Conference
Turku, 11-12 June 2015
Vicente Carabias ([email protected]),
Tina Braumandl, Diego Sanchez, Corinne Moser, Harry Spiess, Yann Blumer,
Christian Hertach, Adrian Müller,
ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland
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ZHAW Institute of Sustainable Development
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«Context of Technology»
• Sustainable Energy Systems
• Sustainable Transportation
Systems
• Risk Management &
Technology Assessment
Interdisciplinary Team
25 Persons
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1st Delphi –
survey round
2nd Delphi –
survey round
- Research
- Objectives
- Questionnaire outlining
3rd Delphi –
survey round
Evaluation of 1 st round
and & question outliningEvaluation of 2nd round
& question outliningEvaluation of 3rd round
and & conclusions
Delphi expert survey method
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• Online-survey with Unipark (QuestBack)
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Scope of the Delphi survey
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n=47 (37%)
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socio-
technical
perspective
purely
technical
perspective
Integrated
approach
Single focus on
topic/technology
Analysed Scientific Studies take an
Integrated Approach… while Practice is more
focused…
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Shows the importance of a trans-sectoral integration
Deficient consideration of social aspects and sensitization of the population
Smart Cities Switzerland
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Living together with a high quality of life has
been named trans-sectoral by all experts as
one of the most important goals
An energy supply from renewable energy ist from
the point of view of the experts important, but not
absolutely urgent
Interestingly, security
relevant aspects are far
behind
Goals of a Smart City
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It seems that especially in the energy sector a reduction of
emissions, sustainable transportation and a reduction from
foreign energy imports is not perceived as a key relevance.
Sectoral perception of the Goals of a Smart City
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In the service sector however, there seems to be a
contradiction between the (perceived) need for sustainable
mobility resp. energy mix and an overall reduction of
emissions.
Sectoral perception of the Goals of a Smart City
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Sectoral perception of the Goals of a Smart City
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Especially the service and ICT sectors
complain about poor coordination of policy
makers. Regarding regulatory framework
conditions and leadership, there seems
therefore to be a need for action.
From point of view of various activity areas
inside the energy sector, an expansion of
the electrical infrastructure is perceived
as necessary, which currently remains a
subject of significant political debates.
Especially the extent and network level of
the desired expansion is being discussed.
Coordinating measures for the transformation
into a Smarter City
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The first survey round has shown that,
regarding this specific question, there
seems to be a consens accross all sector
boundaries.
An initiation of the process including a
monitoring on local / regional level is
strongly desired.
However, in this first survey round it has
not yet been evaluated how the specific
measures and framework conditions which
are needed are to be established.
Leadership in the transition towards Smart City
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Towns and local communities (public administration)
Innovativ companys
Utilities and power suppliers
Urban planners
Mobility experts
Proactive initiative of the local population
Researchers
Architects and designers
Environmental engineers
Computer scientist and ICT companys
Social scientists
Educational facilitys, teachers
Automation engineer for buildings
Cooperatives
NGO's
Automobile manufacturer
Stakeholders for Smarter Cities
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Drivers for Smarter Cities
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Sectoral differences on drivers for Smart Cities
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Sectoral differences on drivers for Smart Cities
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"The idea of a Smart City does not integrate social challenges such as poverty, cultural differences and
necessities sufficiently in its concept"
"An electronic networking of devices, infrastructure and mobility will make a Smart City vulnerable for Hackers
and Terrorists."
"A Smart City will make it easy to monitor individuals"
"The implementation of a Smart City will generate substantial costs"
"Only little progress will be made by 2035, because the transformation process is complex and time-consuming"
"Smart City is nothing more then a marketing term without any added value and of temporary fashion"
"The population will mostly be overwhelmed by a rapid increase of modern technology"
"Smart City will do little to contribute to the solution of environmental issues"
General comments on Smart Cities
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• Term «Smart City» is more a declaration of intent than application
• An increase of quality of life is the overarching objective
• Responses tend to suggest technology-based solutions
• More attention needs to be given to sufficiency based strategies,
which are often mentioned from participants sharing the opinion that
not all problems can be adressed with technology-based solutions
• Views and ideas on how to reach the overall objective of a Smart
City are largely diverging
• Vulnerability (data protection and safe access) is prioritised
remarkably low
• The concept of Smart City can, from the point of view of the
participants, not solely resolve all environmental issues, but give an
important and relevant contribution to address these problems
Summary on Results of Survey Round 1
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• The second survey round is intended to focus on clarification of
terms and definitions, and methods on how to achieve the common
objectives of a «Smart City»
Questions will comprise:
• In which aspects can a Smart City contribute to a higher quality of life?
• What does the term of smart mobility include?
• How should the idea of innovation towards «Smart City» be promoted?
• What (specific) measures to include stakeholders (particularly the local
inhabitants) need to be integrated?
• What is needed to improve Stakeholder cross-communication?
• How are things to proceed with the term / concept «Smart City»?
Outlook on 2nd Delphi survey round
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Vicente Carabias ([email protected])
Lecturer of Technology Foresight
Head Sustainable Energy Systems
ZHAW Institute of Sustainable Development
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