Demographic Dividend of India

8/4/2019 Demographic Dividend of India

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DEMOGRAPHICDIVIDEND OF INDIA


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5 small kids + oldgrand parents for theLilliputs + a lovely

caring wife

small and

beautifulfamily

India in 1965


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About my family


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Analysis of thesituation!!!

9 people Person capable of doing productive work but

not working wife

Dependent people 5 children + 2 oldiesDependency ratio = 7 : 2 (exceptionally

high!!)

Poor hygiene, low literacy rate, less flexibilityto changing prices. It means overall lowstandard of living.


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Hum dohumare do!!!!

India at present!!!

Nuclear

family


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Family reloaded!!!


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Analysis Reloaded!!!

2 dependent + 2 independent

i.e. dependency ratio = 1

Introduction of women in the work force. Easy ride through difficult times as seen

in great recession of 2007-08.

Better standard of living than ever. In spite of all these benefits there is gap

created between parents and childrenas well as decreased involvement insocial activities.


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This is what Demographic Dividendall about

Rise in rate of economic

growth due to a risingshare of working age

people in a population. . .


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Demographic dividend trendsAge distribution of the population by broad age groups for the

major states of India from 1961 to 2001


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Annual population growth rate by broad age group(1961-2001, in percent)


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Age-specific annual growth rate of populationfrom 1981-91 and 1991-2001.


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Female Labour Force Participation (1981-2001, inpercent)


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n aWhere do we stand and where will westand?

1. The Dependency

ratio(%)


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2.Working population %change


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3.Our populationpyramids

India 2011

India

2025India

2040


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4. The real GDP growthrate


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Question is-Why do we stand on such

a high platform where we cancompare our selveswith the best in the

business??


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And here is the answer-three phases ofdemographic transition

And here

are we


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Another model of demographic transition

R se n t e or orce


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R se n t e wor orcehow-???

Falling fertility rates and infant mortality rates

And due to this-there is the entryof women into the workforce


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A convenient truth

In Bihar the fertility rate-3.9

(highest in entire nation)


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In Tamil Nadu thefertility rate is 1.7

Figures speak of themselves &

Development comes where there is a

zeal


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Thus for achieving overall

developmentWe are targeting women and child


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Gradual shift in age pyramid(15-60)

year- 2016

the bulge appearing in the middle

part of the population pyramid is seen to be

advantageous in delivering what is popularly


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Positive aspects on Indianeconomy

Savin

gratesincrea

ses

1. Age structure

transition2. Decrease in

dependency

ratio.


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Explanation

Present

Total member 62 working

2 old age (hometown)2 kids

Dependency ratio-4/2=2

EarlierTotal members 92- working

2- old age(nonworking)

5- kidsDependency

ratio- 7/2=3.5


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More no. of women in

working ageDue to decline in fertility rate morewoman are likely to enter in working age

Earlier this was the major hurdle. Previously due to higher fertility more

time was spent in child care and gestation

period Decline in fertility allows to spend moretime in economic activities


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Present

condition

Earlier

condition


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Peopleinvest

moreontheir

ownhealthwhen

childrenare

fewerinno.

1. Betterproductivityand

economic

benefits tothe

household.2. Better

standard ofliving..


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Government will also be in a

position to spend and invest inmore productive acitivities ..

because

With decline in the no of children aspublic spending more on educationand health can be diverted to more

productive activities.

Result inBetter infrastructure and

development of the country


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Better development and

infrastructure


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Demographic dividend/nightmare

Deceleration

in rate of jobcreation


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Highest no. of people

below poverty line


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Caste discrimination

Division of laboron the basis of

caste lines

Low productivity


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Poor

employabilityWorld ranking

Widening gap.


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Worsening sexratio

UnstableAgriculturalproductivity

Too hugepopulation to

educate & train

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Challenges

India's so-called "demographic dividend" ofa younger population is as much anopportunity as it is a challenge.

High infantmortality rate

46% of childrenopt out of study

after middleschool

Position ofwomen in

society

Pooreconomic

condition of

India

Employability ofIndians


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At present 480universities +22000 colleges

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Too huge population

By 2020 India would account for 25% of globalworkforce.

Total Indian population at present constitute 35% ofglobal.

Indias goal to achieve 30% of 240 million schoolchildren to higher education which is 12.4%.

Infrastructure required for this goal is too huge for anynation to undertake.

Its an emergency on a global level and thus forms aglobal issue.

Poor economic condition of India further makes it toodifficult to achieve.

Affordability and course structure.

700 universities+ 35000 collegesWe Require


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As known only 19% population of India will

comprise of above 60yrs of age. This means

max of people will be of working age.

Today even a skilled Indian employee lags

behind due to its poor communication skills and

his competitiveness. Also the quality of

education is too low of Indians.

Training required for all new recruits.

This makes Indian unattractive for future

Education


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High infant mortality rate

and low fertility rateInfant mortality rate of India is still far more thanany other developed as well as developing

nations. Fertility rate of women has gone low as compared

to situation in 1960s when each woman used tohave minimum of 6 to 7 children on an average.

This has endangered the demographic dividend ofIndia as it would reduce the future work force.

To eradicate this better medical facilities has to beprovided along with proper hygiene, living

conditions and awareness.


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Targeting mother & child

A hi t


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Current position of women in India has improved alot.

Women in the work force.

Sent to schools & colleges. ISB along withGoldMann Sachs providing certificate courses to

women entrepreneurs. Development of women always leads to

development of whole society as she is the onewho nurtures the family through her knowledge.

Achievements

Negations still prevailing Women in some states of India are still kept aloof

from development. In Bihar, U.P, Punjab, Haryana,

Uttarakhand etc. women are still harassed. Not sent to study or allowed to run any business or

own a profession except house wife.

In some villages child marriage is going on and it

affects productivity from women part, they getburdened with res onsibilities at earl a e.

i i


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Worsening sex ratio We study in daily news about the infanticide this

has brought down the sex ratio of our countryfrom about 960:1000 to 914:1000.

And still we are fighting this evil in our society.

This is a big challenge for govt.


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Poor economic condition &unsustainable agricultural

growth Indian economic condition is highly unstable due

to its dependency on agriculture sector.

Even in case of bumper crop distribution is not

done properly and grains decay in go downs.

People in India do not accept changes easily andrefuse to work with new technology.

Uncontrolled corruption has eaten away all theinner strength of India.Large no. of imports alsoaffects badly. Fluctuations in international

markets also adversely affectsIndian market andemployment too.


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To handle such an enormous workforce is not a joke.so there are

Some solutions from the core of ourhearts.

Food securitymust be the

priority forgovt.

Ex- food


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Education needs to be on the priority line& there is theneed to develop Better research facilities so that we stop beingthe technology beggars.

.

Better

educationsystem


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"Economic reforms are not about goofy rich guys buyingMercedes cars, the fruits of reforms must reach the aamaadmi. For that there is need of a transparent system ofmoney distribution.

A d h li d th i i t


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And as we have realized there is a requirementof enormous investment in public health,sanitation, drainage ,etc. sectors and with it there

is a need to invest into productive sectors.


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Indian government will have to mandatorily assume a moreproactive and participatory role in providing better educationaland public health facilities to nurture the job-seekers of

tomorrow.

This alone can turn the `demographic dividend' into anunmatched opportunity fuelling the great Indian dream of the


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And as said by the noted economist C.J.Punnathara

The demographic dividend can either be afortuitous economic opportunity or a missedchance, depending on how the Governmentdeploys the huge emerging workforce into

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Demographic Dividend of India

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