University of Massachusetts Amherst University of Massachusetts Amherst

ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst

Doctoral Dissertations Dissertations and Theses

April 2014

Design and Syntheses of Donor-Acceptor Dyads and Triads for Design and Syntheses of Donor-Acceptor Dyads and Triads for

Improved Light Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaics Improved Light Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaics

Andrea Della Pelle University of Massachusetts - Amherst

Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2

Part of the Chemistry Commons

Recommended Citation Recommended Citation Della Pelle, Andrea, "Design and Syntheses of Donor-Acceptor Dyads and Triads for Improved Light Harvesting in Organic Photovoltaics" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 36. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_2/36

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occurs when no current is flowing. In organic photovoltaics, this value is directly

related to the energy level difference between the HOMO of the donor and the

LUMO of the acceptor. Therefore a donor material with a low HOMO would be

desirable for maximizing the VOC of the device. Unfortunately, as the VOC is

optimized, the bandgap, and thus the light harvesting, of the device is

compromised. Careful tuning of the energy levels of the active layer materials is

essential for the optimization of the VOC.

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the current that flows through a solar cell when there is no external resistance.

The JSC relates to the generation and collection of light generated charge carriers.

For OPVs, the JSC depends on the efficiency of each step discussed in Section 1.2:

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light absorption, exciton diffusion and dissociation, charge transport, and charge

collection. As far as the active layer is concerned, the JSC is improved if the

absorbance of the film is improved. Therefore materials with low bandgaps and

high extinction coefficients are desirable. The JSC is also improved if the materials

in the active layer have high charge mobility and appropriate morphology.

The FF is the ratio of the maximum power output to the theoretical power

output. The maximum power output is given as the point on the J-V curve where

the maximum power is produced. On the J-V curve this is represented as a

rectangle with an area equal to the product of the Jmpp and the Vmpp. The

theoretical power output is given as the product of the JSC and the VOC. Therefore

the equation for calculating the FF of an OPV is:

FF =JmppVmpp

JSCVOC

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a photovoltaic device is the ratio

of the power output to the power input. The equation for determining the PCE is:

PCE =JmaxVmax

Pin

= FFJSCVOC

Pin

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