Organic Vegetable Industry in CAR

• A total area of 175,026 sq.m. (17.5 has) is cultivated for organic production in Benguet; 1.8 has in Ifugao; 1.67 has in Kalinga and 0.08 has in Mt. Province

National Program

Organizational Structure

National Program Coordinating Office

National Coordinator - Rodel G. Maghirang/UPLB

ARMRD Team Leader – Eduardo P.Paningbatan

ARMRD Director

ARMRD Technical Staff

Sc. Res. Spec. II

Program 1 Leader

Pablito M. Villegas/OPTA

Program 2 Leader

Rodel G. Maghirang/UPLB

Program 3 Leader

Purisima P. Juico/CLSU

Program 4 Leader

Luciana M. Villanueva/BSU

7 Project Leaders

Documentation of Organic

Vegetables Production in

Region 1,2 and 10

Documentation of Organic

Vegetables Production and

Supply Chain Improvement

for Commercially Grown

Organic Vegetables in

CAR, Region 3, 4

5 Project Leaders

8 Project Staff

Evaluation of Vegetable

Varieties Under Organic

Condition

On-Farm Trials of Selected

vegetable Varieties in

Commercial Organic

Gardens

Production of Organically

Grown Seeds of Selected

Vegetable Varieties

5 Project Leaders

6 Project Staff

Development of Biofertilizer

Products and Systems for

Vegetable Farms Under

Conversion

Formulation of Organic and

Microbial Fertilizers for

Specific Vegetables in

Organic Farms

Development of Low-Cost,

Slow-Release Fertilizer for

Organic Vegetables

5 Project Leaders

6 Project Staff

Development of Insect

Pest Management

Products and Systems

for Organic Vegetable

Production

Disease Management in

Organic Production of

Vegetables

Pilot Testing of Products

and Systems

Regional Program Structure in CAR

Regional Program Leader

Luciana M. Villanueva

Project 1 Leader

Jovita Sim

Project 2 Leader

Belinda A. Tad-awan

Project 3 Leader

Carlito P. Laurean

Project 4 Leader

Luciana M. Villanueva

Project Staff:

Clifton Llanes

Evangeline

Cungihan

Research Staff:

Melarine Tayaban

Project Staff:

Jocelyn C. Perez

Research Staff:

Meynard Tosay

Josie Orlang

Project Staff:

Asuncion L. Nagpala

Research Staff:

Hoti Cristobal

Picpican

Marvin Martin

Richard B. Garcia

Project Staff:Eulogio V. Cardona, Jr.

Ammie S. Dayao

Research Staff:

Jake M. Bulcio

Jezreel Zyra D. Ibis

Leila P. Luis

Estrella P. Yadyadoc

Noel I. Ollayan

Organic Vegetable R&D Program in CAR

Project 1: Documentation of Organic Production Practices and Supply Chain Improvement for Commercially Grown Organic Vegetables

Project 2: Variety Evaluation, On-Farm Trials and Seed Production of Organic Vegetables

Project 3: Organic Fertilizers and Microbials for Improved Soil Fertility in Organic Vegetable Production

Project 4: Development of Pest Management Products and Systems for Organic Vegetable Production

PROJECT 1: Supply Chain

OBJECTIVE

• To generate baseline data and information through documentation of the socio-economic, biophysical, technical and institutional environment affecting the organic vegetables production industry and to analyze and recommend intervention measures to improve the supply chain for organic vegetables currently grown in commercial scale

OBJECTIVE

• To increase organic vegetable production through selection of varieties for organic gardens and organically produced seeds

PROJECT 2: Varietal Evaluation

PROJECT 3 : Biofertilizers and Microbials

OBJECTIVE

• To develop organic microbial fertilizer products and systems utilizing locally available materials and microorganisms to enhance organic vegetable production

PROJECT 4:

Pest Management Products and Systems

OBJECTIVE

• To develop organic pest management products and systems for the control of insect pests and diseases in organic vegetable farms

Target Crops

Crop Variety/Seed Biofertilizers Biopesticides For:Cabbage Recommended

varietyBeneficial

microorganism (BM)

Cutworm, Flea beetles, Diamondback moth, Aphids,Black rot, Alternarialeaf spot

Carrot Recommended varietySeeds

BM CutwormRoot-knot nematode

Garden pea

Recommended varietySeeds

BM Pod borer, AphidsFusarium wilt, Powdery mildew

Tomato/Potato

Recommended varietySeeds

BMEnhanced

NFI

Fruit worm, Cutworm, White fly, leaf minerBacterial Wilt, Late blight

DEVELOPMENT OF PEST MANAGEMENT PRODUCTS

AND SYSTEMS FOR ORGANIC VEGETABLE

PRODUCTION IN THE CORDILLERA

ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

A JOURNEY FROM THE LABORATORY TO THE FARM

LUCIANA M. VILLANUEVA

EULOGIO V. CARDONA JEZREEL ZYRA IBIS

JOCELYN C. PEREZ JAKE M. BULCIO

AMMIE S. DAYAO LEILA P. LUIS

CLARENCE CODOD

KATHERINE BASALONG

RATIONALE

Insect pests and diseases areimportant challenges in organicvegetable production.

Intensive and indiscriminate use of chemicals pose serious environmental problems

OBJECTIVES

GENERAL :

To develop organic pest management

products and systems against major insect

pests and diseases in organic vegetable farms

in the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR).

OBJECTIVES

SPECIFIC :

1. To develop pest management products and

systems for the specific insect pests and

diseases of priority organic vegetables in the

Cordillera Administrative Region;

2. To test the efficacy and socio-economic

acceptability of the potential pest

management products and systems in

organic farms

3. To evaluate the profitability of the developed

technology.

PROBLEMLack of organic management options for some pests and diseases that remain as

problems even in dedicated organic vegetable farms

EXPECTED

OUTPUTS

Insect and disease management products/systems

Patent application for insect and disease management technology/products

Packages of organic vegetable production systems

Trained students, farmers and entrepreneurs

POTENTIAL

OUTCOME

Increase in organic vegetable area and production

Increase in farmer’s income

IMPACTSYield loss due to particular pests and diseases

Erratic production and loss of potential markets and income

S&T

INTERVENTION

Insect Pest and Disease Management Products and Systems for Organic Vegetable Production

Components

Development of insect

Pest Management

Products and System for

Organic Vegetable Production

Development of Disease

Management Products

and Systems for Organic Vegetable Production

Pilot testing of products and systems

CROPS PESTSSELECTED PLANTS

LABORATORY BIOASSAY

GREENHOUSE AND ON

STATION TRIALS

ON-FARM TRIAL

CONVERGENCE

M

E

T

H

O

D

O

L

O

G

Y

Rearing and Collection of Test Insects

GARDEN PEA

CABBAGE

POTATO

LABORATORY TRIALSBIOASSAY

The evaluation started with laboratory bio-assay where several botanicals

PLANT EXTRACTS

CHILLI DENGAW

GARLIC BASIL

CHILLI + GARLIC OREGANO

CHILLI + ONIONS PANDAN

CHILLI + YELLOW GINGER

CHILLI + SUNFLOWER

GARLIC + ONIONS

GARLIC + YELLOW GINGER

GARLIC + SUNFLOWER

PEPPER

GAWED

botanicals were tested using different

extractants.

BIGNAY WINE STRAWBERRY WINE

Component 1Laboratory Screening of Plants

Vinegar

Potential products

Botanicals BCAsOther organic products

WineWaterEnhancement Mass production

LC 50 / LD 50Chemosterility effect

Antifeedant / repellant effect

Predatory consumption and parasitic rate

Greenhouse evaluation

On-station field evaluation

On-farm evaluation

Potential products

Botanicals BCAs Other organic products

Wine VinegarWater EnhancementMass production

In-vitro tests(for facultative

pathogens)

In-vivo tests(for obligate parasites)

Greenhouse evaluation

On-station field evaluation

On-farm evaluation

Botanicals and other organic

products: Agar well technique

BCAs:Dualculture /

Agar block technique.

Component 2 (Laboratory Trials)

LABORATORY TRIALS

BIOASSAY

Bioassay against Fusarium

GREENHOUSE TRIALS

GREENHOUSE TRIALS

Untreated StandardOrganic

FIELD TRIALS

Untreated Organic Standard

Table 15. Production cost and income of organic and conventional garden pea production in a 1,000 sq m area, 2013-2014

Particulars Man-day Organic (Php) Conventional (Php)

1.0Labor

(Php 250.00/md)

1.1 Land preparation

Cleaning 5 1,250.00 1,250.00

Digging 7 1,750.00 1,750.00

Fertilizer application 4 1,000.00 1,000.00

1.2 Planting 2 500.00 500.00

1.3 Irrigation 16 4,000.00 4,000.00

1.4Biopesticide application/

Pesticide application2 500.00 500.00

1.5 Hilling-up 10 2,500.00 2,500.00

1.6 Harvesting and packing 5 1,250.00 1,250.00

2.0 Farm supplies QtyValue/ unit

(Php)Qty

Value/ unit

(Php)

2.1 Seeds (kg)

3

(150

pcs/kg)

300.00 300.00

3

(150

pcs/kg)

300.00 300.00

2.2 Trellis (pcs) 300 15.00 4,500.00 300 15.00 4,500.00

BSU organic fertilizer

(sacks)15 250.00 3,750.00

14-14-14 (sacks) 3 1,500.00 4,500.00

2.3 Fungicides

Organo BIG (sacks) 12 19.06 228.72

EYCOG (L) 50 19.50 975.00

Mancozeb (kg) 2.5 440.00 1,100.00

Kumulus (kg) 2.5 293.330 733.33

2.4 Insecticide

NPV/Infected worms (pcs) 1,406 1.00 1,406.00

Karate (L) 1 950.00 950.00

TOTAL PRODUCTION COST 23,909.72 24,833.33

3.0 Gross income

Garden pea yield (kg) 607 150.00 91,050.00 1026 80.00 82,080.00

4.0 Net income 67,140.28 57,246.68

Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) 280.81% 230.52%

Black rot

Alternaria

Table 17. Production cost and income of organic and conventional cabbage production in a 1,000 sq m area, 2013-2014

Particulars Man-day Organic (Php) Conventional (Php)

1.0Labor

(Php 250.00/md)

1.1 Land preparation

Cleaning 5 1,250.00 1,250.00

Digging 7 1,750.00 1,750.00

Fertilizer application 4 1,000.00 1,000.00

1.2 Planting 2 500.00 500.00

1.3 Irrigation 16 4,000.00 4,000.00

1.4Biopesticide/Pesticide

application2 500.00 500.00

1.5 Hilling-up 10 2,500.00 2,500.00

1.6Harvesting, sorting and

packing5 1,250.00 1,250.00

2.0 Farm supplies QtyValue/unit

(Php)Qty

Value/unit

(Php)

2.1 Seeds (can) 1 750.00 750.00 1 750.00 750.00

2.2 BSUGaP (sacks) 20 250.00 5,000.00

14-14-14 (sacks) 4 1,500.00 6,000.00

Chicken manure (bags) 20 150.00 3,000.00

2.3 Fungicides

BSU GaP (kg) 5 604.50 3,022.50

Mancozeb (kg) 1 440.00 440.00

Vitigran blue (kg) 1 610.00 610.00

2.4 Insecticide

NPV/Infected worms (pcs) 2,812 1.00 2,812.00

Karate (L) 2.00 950.00 1,900.00

TOTAL PRODUCTION COST 24,334.50 25,450.00

3.0 Gross income

Cabbage yield (kg) 1283 60.00 76,980.00 1336 30.00 40,080.00

4.0 Net income 52,645.50 14,630.00

Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) 216.34% 57.49%

Table 16. Production cost and income of organic and conventional potato production in a 1,000 sq m area, 2013-2014

Particulars Man-day Organic (Php) Conventional (Php)

1.0 Labor

(Php 250.00/md)

1.1 Land preparation

Cleaning 5 1,250.00 1,250.00

Digging 7 1,750.00 1,750.00

Fertilizer application 4 1,000.00 1,000.00

1.2 Planting 2 500.00 500.00

1.3 Irrigation 16 4,000.00 4,000.00

1.4 Biopesticide application 2 500.00 500.00

1.5 Hilling-up 10 2,500.00 2,500.00

1.6 Harvesting and packing 5 1,250.00 1,250.00

2.0 Farm supplies Qty

Value/unit

(Php) Qty

Value/unit

(Php)

2.1 Tubers (kg) 200 35.00 7,000.00 200 35.00 7,000.00

2.2

BSU organic fertilizer

(sacks) 20 250.00 5,000.00

14-14-14 (sacks) 4 1,500.00 6,000.00

Chicken manure (bags) 20 150.00 3,000.00

2.3 Fungicides

OrganoSun (L) 50 10.00 500.00

Mancozeb (kg) 1 440.00 440.00

2.4 Insecticide

NPV/Infected worms (pcs) 1,406 1.00 1,406.00

Karate (L) 1.80 950.00 1,710.00

TOTAL PRODUCTION COST 26,656.00 30,900.00

3.0 Gross income

Potato yield (kg) 1,125 100.00 112,500.00 1930 35.00 67,550.00

4.0 Net income 85,844.00 36,650.00

Return on Cash Expenses (ROCE) 322.04% 118.61%

BIOPESTICIDE PRODUCTS

LIQUID NPV

POWDERED

NPV

• Powdered formulations of products against target insect pests and diseases

Powdered formulations in small packets

EYCOG

BSU GaP

BLACK ROT ANDALTERNARIA LEAF SPOT OF HEAD CABBAGE

ORGANO sunLATE BLIGHT

ORGANO BIG

Fusarium wilt

Date

Garden Pea Potato Cabbage

Organic Conventional Organic Conventional OrganicConventio

nal

6-Feb Garlic-Vin Actara Garlic-Vin Agrimek Xentari Success

7-Feb EYCO Kumulus FAA Vitigran

blue

10-Feb Rice hull

vinegar

Parafungus

12-Feb NPV

13-Feb NPV Kumulus NPV YG 2011-001 Vitigran

blue

14-Feb Rice hull

vinegar

Parafungus

17-Feb Baking soda Kumulus

20-Feb Baking soda Kumulus Rice hull

vinegar

Parafungus FAA Funguran

24-Feb Baking soda Kumulus Rice hull

vinegar

Parafungus Pepper-wine Funguran

28-Feb Garlic-Vin Actara Garlic-Vin Agrimek

29-Feb Enhanced garlic Kumulus YG 2011-001 Success

2-Mar Drenching FFJ Drench FFJ Drench FFJ

7-Mar Baking soda Kumulus Bamboo wood

vinegar

Parafungus FAA Funguran

9-Mar Vertea Actara Garlic-Vin Parafungus Pepper-wine Success

12-Mar Rice hull

vinegar

Parafungus

13-Mar Fermented

Mungbean

YG 2011-001

Fermented

Mungbean

Funguran

15-Mar Enhanced garlic Actara Pepper-wine Success

20-Mar FAA Funguran

Table 1.Schedule of spraying for integrated field experiment

COMPONENT 1

A. Mature technologies for dissemination

1. Nucleo polyhedrosis Virus (NPV) for the control of

cutworm applied in powder or liquid form; applied late in

the afternoon or early morning; stored in dark bottles

(liquid) or with colored dye like Robin’s blue if in powder

form to protect it from UV radiation.

1. Garlic, yellow ginger and chilli applied singly or in

combination for the control of DBM, cabbage butterflies,

aphids, flea beetle in cabbage; thrips and leafminer in

potato; aphids and leafminer in garden peas.

A.Mature technologies for dissemination

(Insect Pest Management)

1.Nucleo polyhedrosis Virus (NPV)

2. CONTROL OF CUTWORM

3.

applied in powder or liquid form;

applied late in the afternoon or early morning;

stored in dark bottles (liquid) or with colored dye like Robin’s blue if in powder

form to protect it from UV radiation.

A. R and D Breakthroughs

1. Powdered formulations of bio-insecticides proved to be much

more effective in controlling pod borer and aphids compared

to the liquid formulation.

1. Mortality using effective botanicals is either when ingested or

when applied topically.

2.

GRANOLA

CPG 34

RARE BALL

BIOFERTILIZER AT

5TONS/HA

A. Technologies that need further research verification.

The package of technology generated which revolves around

the application of the potential bio-insecticides (garlic + yellow

ginger + chilli combination and NPV) both in liquid and powder

formulations, using vinegar as extractant, should be refined by

verifying the contribution of the extractant to the efficacy of

the biopesticide before pilot testing the technology in several

organic fields across different agroecological zones Botanical

extracts that proved to be effective but not consistent and the

establishment of the LD 50 of each formulation should be

done.

Review of the Philippine National Standards for Biopesticides

before the mass production and commercialization of

formulated bio-pesticides is intensified.

A. Mature technologies for dissemination-COMPONENT 2

1. Use of EYCO (egg yolk + canola oil-a Korean technology) forthe management of powdery mildew in garden pea

A. R and D Breakthroughs

1.Enhanced EYCO (egg yolk + canola oil + garlic powder) for

the management of powdery mildew in garden pea.

2.BSU GaP ( combination of perla soap, garlic and pepper)

for managing black rot and alternaria leafspot on head

cabbage

3.Organo Sun ( vertea + sodium bicarbonate + sunflower)

for the management of potato late blight

4. Organo BiG ( B. subtilis + calcium carbonate+ garlic +

sterile soil) for the management of Fusarium wilt in garden

pea.

A. Technologies that need further research verification

1. Pilot testing of Package of Technology (POT) for organic

production of cabbage, garden pea and potato in several

organic fields across different agroecological zones.

2. Technology promotion and commercialization of the above

package of technologies.

A.Mature technologies for dissemination

(Disease Management)

1.Potato - Late Blight

GRANOLA BIOFERTILIZER

5 tons/ha

Organo Sun (a liquid mixture of sunflower

extract, baking soda and vermi compost tea

2. Garden Pea

CPG 34

EYCOG (a liquid mixture of egg yolk + canola oil + garlic extract )

against powdery mildew and OrganoBiG (a product made up

of soil inoculated with B. subtilis, mixed with garlic powder and

CaCO3 against Fusarium wilt )

biofertilizer at the rate of 5 tons/ha.

3. Cabbage

RARE BALL BIOFERTILIZER

5 TONS/HA

BSU GaP (combination of powdered garlic and pepper

for the management of Alternaria leaf spot and black rot)

BAFS Requirement for testing Products for organic Agriculture.

1.Provide substantial description of theproduct to be tested

2.As much as possible use inorganicregistered product as standard

3.The test product should have 3 rates(recommended rates and higher 2 rates)

OTHER ACCOMPLISHMENTS

TRAINING OF

AFNR STUDENTS