Digestive SystemDigestive SystemBy: Andrew, Stephanie, Alex, Luke, Ashley, and John

MECHANICAL DIGESTIONMECHANICAL DIGESTIONMashing crushing and breaking down of

food.Three parts of nutrientsCarbohydrates – A biochemical

composed of one or more simple sugars banded together that is used to provide and store energy.

Proteins – A biochemical that is composed of amino acids. It’s functions include regulating chemical reactions transporting and storing materials and providing support.

Fats – Energy-storing nutrients that help the body store some vitamins.

Chemical digestionChemical digestionIt begins in the mouth.Food particles are broken down into

nutrientsUses chemicals called digestive

enzymes.The enzymes and water are

responsible for breaking down the food.

After breaking down the food, smaller particles go to the cells.

What is the purpose of What is the purpose of the digestive enzymes in the digestive enzymes in chemical digestion?chemical digestion?Digestive enzymes control the

reaction speed. Meaning, when they are present, the

digestion speed accelerates. But if they are not there, the speed decreases.

These are the eight enzymes that are responsible for the digestion process: Nuclease, Protease, Collagenase, Lipase, Amylase, Elastase, Trypsin, and Chymotrypsin.

The Mouth The Mouth The first part of the digestive system is the mouth Inside there are teeth which include; canine,

Incisors, premolars, and molarsTeeth are very important to the Mechanical

DigestionThe outermost layer of the tooth is the enamel

which protect nerves and soft material inside the tooth.

Blood Vessels and nerves are inside and underneath the tooth

When you chew your food it gets mixed with saliva Saliva is made with salivary glands that contain

enzymes in which begin the chemical digestion When that process is done the mouth drops the

food off into the esophagus

The MouthThe Mouth

The EsophagusThe EsophagusThe esophagus is a long straight

narrow tube that connects the throat and the stomach

After the food has been chewed by the mouth the tongue pushes it into the esophagus

The esophagus squeezes the food with rhythmic muscle contractions that are known as peristalsis

Peristalsis forces the food into the stomach

The The EsophagusEsophagus

The StomachThe Stomach The stomach is a muscular baglike organ of the

digestive tract that is attached to the lower end of the esophagus

It breaks down the food by squeezing its content with muscular contractions

The stomach grinds and mixes food for hours before it releases the mixture in the small intestines

During the process enzymes and acids are produced by the stomach for the digestion in the stomach

Stomach acids usually kill most of the bacteria you might have swallowed

After a few hours your food turns into a soupy mixture called chyme

After the food is made into chyme it is slowly released into the small intestine through a small ring of muscle that works like a valve

The St machThe St mach

The Liver The Liver

Produces cholesterol and bile Bile is a greenish liquid that helps with fat

digestion Stores and distributes nutrients

Filters blood Can regenerate itself

The Pancreas The Pancreas

Makes juice that neutralizes chyme

Protects the small intestine from damage

Makes hormones Regulates blood sugarMakes insulin

What is the importance of the What is the importance of the gallbladder for the digestive gallbladder for the digestive system?system?The gallbladder stores the bile,

which is used for the digestion of food, from the liver. It can only hold two ounces.

The gallbladder helps in the effectiveness of the digestion of food. However, it can be removed if gallbladder stones cannot exit. But if it is removed, the digestive effectiveness is lowered.

What is the What is the Gallbladder?Gallbladder?Small green organ located next

to liver and right of rib cage.Used for the storage of bile from

the liver to the small intestine.Unlike the liver, it cannot

regenerate itself if cut. One of the organs you can live

without.

SMALL INTESTINESSMALL INTESTINESSmall intestinesVilliThree parts of the small

intestines

The Large The Large IntestineIntestineThe Large Intestine - Is the organ of the

digestive system that compacts, stores, and eliminates indigestible material from the body.

What the large intestine does? It can carry your waste through the body with three parts the ascending colon, transverse colon, and the descending colon.

And on the receiving end of the descending colon is the rectum.

What does the rectum do? Well the rectum is a part of the digestive system that carries out the waste to the anus.

RectumRectumThe rectum is part of the digestive

system just under the descending colon of the large intestine.

The rectum is the part of the system where it carries out the waste from the receiving particles of the colon (large intestine). Rectum is important to the body for two reasons. One is it is a transporter for waste between the descending colon and the anus.

Two it is important so it can have a place to travel for the connections between large intestine and anus.

AnusAnusThe anus is the very last part of the

whole digestive system.It helps the waste get released from

the body and soon after a meal the whole process will start over again.

This process must not be able to last very long. Cause with the body it needs its nutrients. So what the system can also do is absorb the nutrients from the body and feed it to your system.

Digestive TractDigestive TractThe digestive tract is a series of tube like

organs that are joined end to end.The digestive process starts in your mouth.

The food travels down your esophagus and drops down to your stomach. It then goes through the small intestine and goes into the large intestine. Lastly, it exits your body through your anus.

Digestive SystemDigestive SystemThe digestive system is a group of organs

that work together to digest food so that it can be used in your body.

Made up of mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.