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United Nations Asian and Pacifc Training Centre or Inormation and Communication Technology or Development

Session 1!Introduction to

Disaster"is# $anagement

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Basic Defnitions, Terms

& ICTLearningLearningObjectivesObjectives

At the end of this session,you should be able todene:

• Dene disaster,

hazard, risk, elementsat risk, vulnerability,capacity, response,relief, rehabilitation,

reconstruction,mitigation,preparedness andprevention

•

nderstand !"# needsin disaster $isk

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&' (azard)' Disaster

*' $isk  

+' lements At $isk 

-' .ulnerability/' "apacity

0' $esponse

1' $elief  

2' $ehabilitation&&' $econstruction

&)' Development

&*' %itigation

&+' 3reparedness

&-' 3revention&/' Disaster $isk

%anagement

&0' Disaster %anagement

&1' $ecovery

Basic

Terminology

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3henomenon or situation,4hich has the potential tocause disruption ordamage to people, theirproperty, their servicesand their environment

There is a

potential foroccurrence

of an event

%a&ards are the result o aninteraction !et'een humanactivities and thenatural and technological processesthat can generate e(treme events

Hazard

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DisasterDisaster

5erious disruption offunctioning of society,causing 4idespreadhuman, material orenvironmental losses,

4hich e6ceed theability of the a7ectedpeople to cope usingtheir o4n resources' An e ve

n t, e i t her 

man8made or

 

na t ura l,  s udden or 

progre s s i ve, 

ca u s ing 

 4 ide spr

ead 

 h uman, ma ter ia l or 

a l 

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Vulnerability 

8.ulnerability a condition or setso conditions that reduces people)sa!ility to prepare or* 'ithstand orrespond to a ha&ard

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RiskRisk$isk 9 A probability

that a communitysstructure orgeographic area is to

be damaged ordisrupted by theimpact of aparticular hazard, onaccount of their

nature, constructionand pro6imity to ahazardous area'

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CapacityCapacity"apac i t ies

 are 

 t hose pos i t i ve 

cond i t ion or a ! i l i t

 ies 

 ' h ic h  increase a

 

commun i t y)s a ! i l i t y 

 to dea l  ' i t h  ha &a

rds 

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(azard .ulnerabilityx

Disaster$isk "apacity

=

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Persons*!uildings* cropsor other such li#esocietalcomponents

e(posed to#no'n ha&ard*'hich are li#elyto !e adversely

a+ected !y the

Elements at RiskElements at Risk

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Response

 $e a s u re s  t h a t  a re 

 re, u i red  i n

  se a rc h  a nd 

 re sc ue o f  s

 u r v i vo r s*  a

 s 

 'e l l  to  mee t  t he

  ! a s ic 

 need s  fo r  s

 he l te r*  ' a te r* 

 food  a nd  h

e a l t h c a re

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ReliefActions ta#en immediately ollo'ing theimpact o a disaster 'hen e(ceptionalmeasures are re,uired to meet the !asic

needs o the survivors

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;hat is the di7erencebet4een

1 "ecovery- "eha!ilitation

. "econstruction

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Recovery The process

underta#en !y adisaster/a+ectedcommunity to

ully restoreitsel to pre/disaster level ounctioning

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RehabilitationActions taken in

the aftermathof a disaster to:

0 assist victims torepair theird'ellings

0  re/esta!lish

essentialservices

0  revive #eyeconomic andsocial activities

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Reconstruction

3ermanentmeasures torepair or

replacedamagedd4ellings andinfrastructure

and to set theeconomy backon course'

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$ehabilitati

on

$econstructio

n

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Mitigation$itigation /measures ta#enprior to the

impact o adisaster tominimi&e itse+ects

2sometimesreerred to asstructural andnon/structural

measures3

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Structural$itigation

4and Use$anageme

nt

Mitigation

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reparedness

$easures ta#en in anticipation o adisaster to ensure that appropriate ande+ective actions are ta#en in the

atermath

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Disaster Risk Management

A broad range ofactivities designedto:

Prevent the loss o lives

$inimi&e humansu+ering

Inorm the pu!lic andauthorities o ris#

$inimi&e propertydamage and economic

loss

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E!ample " #dentify #nformation needs for appropriateand ade$uate Risk Reduction Measures "

Risk %ssessment &HVC%'

#o ensure theappropriatenessand relevance ofthe risk reduction

measures

--

)' 3rioritizeelements atrisk 

*' !dentifypossible riskreduction

measures

+' "heck 4hich