Atmospheric crude heaters

Reduced-crude vacuum heaters

Diluted Bitumen

Reboilers

Circulating-oil heaters

Catalytic-reformer charge

Delayed coker heaters

Visbreaker heaters – heating

section

Visbreaker

heaters – soaking section

Propane deasphalting heaters

Hydrocracker charge heaters

Xfh

Arch

Anchor

Heat Duty

Breeching

Damper

Crossover

Casing

Stack

Heat Flux Density

Flue Gas

Corbel

Manifold

Burner

Turndown

Coil

Sootblower

Draft

HOW COMBUSTION CONDITIONS INFLUENCE DESIGN AND

OPERATION