Date post: | 11-May-2015 |
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Forensic DNA for the Paralegal
First and Foremost, Which DNA?
• Deoxyribonucleic Acid
aka DNA
• Human Genome DNA
• Forensic DNA
When is Forensic Testing Required?
• Identify potential suspects.• Exonerate wrongly accused people.• Identify catastrophe victims. • Establish paternity/family relationships. • Identify endangered/protected species. • Detect bacteria and other organisms.• Match organ donors with recipients.• Determine pedigree for seed or livestock.• Authenticate consumables.
What is a DNA Fingerprint?
• Profiling, Testing, Typing or Genetic Fingerprinting are Synonymous.
• Saliva, Sperm, Blood, Hair, Skin Cells, or Human Tissue Samples.
• Encrypted Sets of Numbers That Reflect a Unique DNA.
What is the DNA Databank?• COmbined DNA Index System aka “CODIS” Blends Computer and DNA Technologies.
• FBI-Managed Dual Index System of Convicted Offender and Forensic Indexed Databases.
• 5 Million DNA Profiles in 2007.
• 500,000 DNA Sample Backlog in 2007.
DNA Standards and Uniqueness• FBI Sets the Standard w/13
Genetic Markers or LOCI.
• There are Between 4 and 40 Variations of LOCI.
• 1 in 5B Chance of Matching.
• DNA Forensics are Superior • to Eyewitness or Fingerprints.
What Are the Technologies Used in Forensic Investigation
• Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism
• Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Short Tandem Repeat• Michondrial• Y-Chromosone
Where Are the Samples Tested?
• Bureau of Forensic Services aka BFS.• Scientific Arm of the CAGO.• Collect, Analyze and Compare
Forensic Evidence.• Specialized Training and Services.
Handling DNA
• Understanding the Lab Report: The First Item you Need in a DNA Report
• Looking Behind the Lab Report: Are the Laboratory's Conclusions Fully Supported by the Test Results?
• Chain of Custody
Ethical, Legal and Social Concerns on DNA
DataBanking
• Privacy• Genetic Traits• Destruction• Statute of Limitations• Arrestees vs. Convicted
Shocking DNA Events
• Twin Birthing from Different Fathers• False DNA Evidence Planted at
Crime Scenes• DNA Test Kits for 10yo at Target
Stores Online
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