March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 1

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)

Submission Title: [STMicroelectronics proposal for IEEE 802.15.3a Alt PHY]Date Submitted: [03 March, 2003]Source: [Philippe Rouzet (Primary) Didier Helal (Secondary)] Company [STMicroelectronics]Address [STMicroelectronics, 39 Chemin du Champ des Filles 1228 Geneve Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland]Voice [+41 22 929 58 72 or +41 22 929 58 66], Fax [+41 22 929 29 70], E-Mail:[didier.helal@st.com, philippe rouzet@st.com]Re:

[This is a response to IEEE P802.15 Alternate PHY Call For Proposals dated 17 January 2003 under number IEEE P802.15-02/372r8 ]

Abstract: [This document contents the proposal submitted by ST for an IEEE P802.15 Alternate PHY based on UWB technique.]

Purpose: [Presentation to be made during March IEEE TG3a session in Dallas, Texas]Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 2

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

IEEE 802.15.3a Alternate PHY

March 2003, Dallas, Texas

STMicroelectronics Proposal for

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 3

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Contents

• UWB PHY Proposal – Modulation and Principle

– System Block Diagram

– Assets

• Performances at 110Mb/s– PHY protocol Criteria

– MAC protocol Enhancement Criteria

– General Solution Criteria

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 4

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Pulse Position + Polarity Modulation

1 to Np positions +1 / -1

Number of bits per pulse = 1+log2(Np)

Proposed Modulation

Position 2Position 1

PositivePolarity

NegativePolarity

Position Np

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 5

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Flexible Modulation for data rate scalability

Adaptive Pulse Repetition Period

CODE RATE Modulation PRP (ns) PAYLOAD Bit Rate (Mbps)

1/3 2PPM +pol 6.05 1101/2 2PPM +pol 9.05 1102/3 2PPM +pol 12.1 1101/3 4PPM +pol 5 2001/2 2PPM +pol 5 2002/3 2PPM +pol 6.65 2007/8 8PPM+pol 7.25 4802/3 16PPM+pol 6.9 480

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 6

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Known Training Sequenceinserted into frame preamble

Example of a simplified emitted pulse train

Pulse shape not shown (use rectangle for clarity)

Trainingsequence Modulated user data

Time Hopping + Polarity

2-PPM + Polarity (Time Hopping optional)

PRP (Pulse Repetition Period)

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 7

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Demodulation is performed by Match-Filtering

The match-filter is the estimate of the pulse signature through channel propagation

No pulse shape is assumed by receiver !

Take advantage of multi-path (complete immunity)

Match-filtering

Compound Channel Response

Average

Demodulation

Channel Estimation

Tx signalRx signal

Channel+ Noise

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 8

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Proposed Alternate PHY enables

Single Chip FULL CMOS solution

Through

DIRECT SAMPLING on 1 BIT

DIGITAL MATCHED FILTERINGLearn pulse signature after channel propagation

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 9

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Compliant with existing MAC IEEE 802.15.3

Introduction of minor adaptations to optimize receiver power consumption and complexity

• MCTAs and Slotted Aloha used instead of CAP (CCA difficult with UWB-PHY)

• Approximate frames Times Of Arrival (TOAs)– Announced by source DEV at the begining of CTA– Used for channel estimation & synchronization

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 10

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

RF block

Antenna

BPFilter

PulseGenerator

ClockSynthesizer

1-bitADC

TDD

Switch

ABR

ABR

Optional

LNA

PTC

UWB System-on-ChipBlock Diagram

Channel estimationSynchronization

DemodulationChannelDecoding

ChannelCoding

Modulation &coding

Baseband block

TXData

RXData

TXPreparation

Frag-mentation

TXControl

RXControl

Defrag-mentation

MAC block (Bottom part)

PTC

ABR = Adaptive Band RejectionPTC = Piconet Time Control

MAC+ BB+RF on same silicon except BP filter and Antenna

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 11

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Proposal forIEEE 802.15.3a Alternate PHY

Performances at 110Mb/s

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 12

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Typical Pulse Shape

BW-10dB = 7GHz

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 13

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Link Budget at 110Mb/s at 10mThroughput Rb (Mb/s) 110Distance (m) 10.0Average TX power Pt (dBm) -5.13Tx antenna gain Gt (dBi) 0.0Fc (Hz) 5.8E+09Path loss 1 meter L1 (dB) 47.7Path loss at d meter L2 (dB) 20.0Rx antenna gain Gr (dBi) 0.0Rx power Pr (dBm) -72.9N = -174 + 10*LOG10(Rb) (dBm) -93.6Noise Figure (dB) 7.0Average noise power per bit Pn (dBm) -86.6Eb/No min (dB) 6.7Implementation Loss (dB) 5.0Link Margin (dB) 2.0Proposed Min Rx sensitivity Level (dBm) -74.9

Noise figure for all RX chain referred at the antenna output

Implementation loss5dB = 3dB due to jitter

(<10ps rms) + 2dB margin

Antenna

BPFilter

PulseGenerator

ClockSynthesizer

1-bitADC

TDDSwitch

ABR

ABR

Optional

LNA

2dBloss

1dBloss

NF = 3.5dB2dB

G = 16dB

NF = 9dB

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 14

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

System Performances

MODE CODERATE

Modulation PRP (ns)

PAYLOAD Bit Rate (Mbps)

PAYLOAD Bit RateTarget (Mbps)

Eb/No

0 1/3 2PPM +pol

6 111 110 6.7dB

1 2/3 2PPM +pol

12 111 110 6.8dB

20Gsamples/s 1-bit ADC

CM4 Channels, Turbo Code (1/3)

PRP = 6ns, 2PPM + pol

6.2 6.4 6.6 6.8 70

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

CM3 Channels, Turbo Code (2/3)

PRP = 12ns, 2PPM + pol

6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 70

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25PER PER

Eb/No Eb/No

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 15

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

PHY-SAP Data Throughput close toPayload Bit Rate

T_PA_INITIAL

T_PHYHDR

T_MACHDR

T_HCS T_MIFS T_SIFS T_PA_CONT

T_RIFS

3s 0.145 s

0.727 s

0.145 s

1s 5s 3s 10 s

Payload Bit Rate (Mb/s)

PHY-SAP Throughput (Mb/s) 5 frames

PHY-SAP Throughput (Mb/s) 1 frame

T_DATA (1020 Bytes MPDU)

110 (mandatory) 101.63 97.73 74.18 s

200 (optional) 174.44 163.27 40.8 s

480 (optional) 356.57 312.82 17 s

PHY Header, MAC Header (802.15.3 format), HCS use 110Mb/s mode

Optimized Packet Overhead Times

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 16

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Signal Acquisition in superframeStep 1 : Coarse synchronization during Beacon Preamble.

• Acquisition sequence : Quadratic-Congruence HadamardGood cross-correlation and spectral propertiesMinimize ISI effectMax. length L = 2000 pulses; PRP = 10ns; Max. duration = 20 s

• False Alarm Probability = 10-4

• Miss Detection Probability = 10 –4

Cm3 Single Piconet

Free Space AWGN 10m Acq. time = 480 ns (L=48)

Multipath Channel 10m Acq. time = 900 ns (L=90)

Acquisition

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 17

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Step 2 : Fine synchronization only during Frame Preamble

• Joint Channel Estimation and Fine Synchronization• Estimation valid during channel stationnarity (1ms)• Quadratic-Congruence Hadamard sequences : 3 s• Use of approximate frame TOAs to manage different lengths of

frames

CTA slot in superframe

Frame 1 MIF

S

Frame 2 MIF

S

MIF

S

MIF

S

3 Frame 4 Frame 5

MIF

S

6

MIF

S

TOA

1

TOA

2

TOA

3

TOA

4

TOA

5

TOA

6 TOA 1 TOA 2 TOA 3 TOA 4 TOA 5 TOA 6

MIF

S

CTA Header announcing TOAs

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 18

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Simultaneously operating Piconets

piconet 2TX DEV RX DEV

piconet 1

piconet 3

dmin

dmin

dmin

multipath channel, 10m

Fine synchronization / Channel estimation /Demodulation

• UWB interferers transmit continuously through multipath CM1 channel

• RX Power = RX sensitivity + 6dB dmin = 1.7 m

Cm3 Multiple PiconetsFree Space AWGN 10m dmin = 1.50m (L=2000)

Multipath Channel 10m dmin = 4m (L=2000)

Coarse synchronization

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 19

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Adaptive channel coding• Turbo codes PCCC (Parallel Concatenation of

Convolutionnal Codes)– Code rate 1/3. With puncturing:1/2, 2/3,7/8.– RSC (recursive systematic convolutional) 13,15(octal def.).– Block size: 512.– Low latency : 5 s

• Optional Convolutional codes for lower complexity– Code rate 1/2. With puncturing:2/3,7/8– Constraint length: 7 -> [133,171]

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 20

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Interference and SusceptibilitySystem supports low Signal-to-Interferer-Ratios :

SIR > -50dB for any in-band narrow-band Interferer

• Adaptive Band Rejection802.11a OFDM interferer : SIR>-30dB (at 5.3GHz or other)Generic in-band interferer : SIR>-30dB (at any frequency)

• BaseBand Filtering rejection : SIR > -20dB

All out-of-band interferers supported (according to IEEE 802.15-3a proposed criteria).

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 21

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Low Power Consumption– Baseband MODEM down to 220 kGates in 2PPM at 82.6MHz.

• 60% gates in stand-by during 90% of time (channel est.)• Plus CODEC (60k to 500 kGates depending on architecture)

– Power consumption of RF: RX< 70mW - TX < 40mW

Full Scalability– Data throughput is adjustable (flexible modulation)– Compatibility between HDR and LDR devices– Multi-operating piconets supported– Complexity decreases along with data rate– Power consumption decreases with data rate

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 22

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

• Coexistence with in-band systems ensured by TX pulse shaping or filtering– System is independent from pulse shape

• Transmit power control reduces interferences– Helped by location awareness capability (distance can be

estimated with 3cm resolution)• No impact on current regulation

– FCC’s Part 15 rules followed– Additional spectrum protection can be supported

• 802.15.3 Power Management modes are supported(DSPS, PSPS, APS)

Coexistence and regulatory impact

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 23

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Easy Manufacturability and attractive form factor

• Full system can be built in CMOS technology– single chip– Die size estimated at less than 5mm2 in 0.13m

• Antenna size : expected 3cm x 3cm

Time to Market can be less than 1.5 years !

System matches all criteria !

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 24

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

BACKUP SLIDES

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 25

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Channel Estimation Algorithm• The channel response is estimated with the training sequence

• Coherent integrations (on the received pulses) reduces noise and ISI effects.

• Most of channel energy is recovered by so.

• SNR at RX is good enough to reduce PRP and to increase data rate.

• System is independent from transmitted pulse shape – No need for Pulse Template

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 26

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

NPPM Correlations

APP calculations

N-PPM (number of Pulse positions) soft values corresponding to each PPM position at Pulse Repetition Frequency.

Channel estimation

RF DeinterleavingBL=BTC/C

depuncture channel decoder

(Turbo decoder or Viterbi decoder)

channel decoding architecture

descrambling

Uncorrelates bit errors at the input of the decoder :C=code rateBTC=Turbo code block length.

Adds scalability

demapping and soft A priori per bit Probability calculations.

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 27

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Turbo code

• Latency is mainly due to the storage of one block into the channel de-interleaver.

@110Mbps: 512/110e6~5us.@ 55Mbps: 512/55e6=10us.

• Complexity: – RAM: 50 000 bits.– ~500 kGates (Current estimation).

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 28

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Outline

• MAC Considerations

• Sequence design

• Coarse Synchronization

• Fine Synchronization

• Clock Synchronization

• Timeline

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 29

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

PNC

DEV-A

DEV-B

MAC considerations

DEV-A wakes up, and needs to synchronize to DEV-B’s clock.

DEV-A’s clock is synchronized to DEV-B’s clock, and can start to demodulate the data contained in the frame sent by DEV-B.

Contention Free Period

MC

TA 1

C

TA 1

MC

TA n

C

TA 2

CTA

m

prea

mbl

e

head

er

bo

dy

Beacon

CTA

x

Contention

Access

Period

Superframe N

Scenario

Body

Frame sent to DEV-A by DEV-B

Hea

der

Prea

mbl

e

Frame Synch: Fine Synch only (made jointly with ch.est.)

DEV-A and DEV-B are synchronized to PNC’s clock

Fine Synch

prea

mbl

e

Clock Synch

Coarse Synch- Detection- Alignement

Cell sy

nch Cell synch

Frame synch

PNC tells DEV-A and DEV-B that DEV-B will send data to DEV-A in CTA x.

Superframe N+1

Cell Synch = Coarse + Fine + Clock

… … … …

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 30

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Preamble Training Sequence Design

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Autocorrelation function for L=79

Lnic in mod)*( 2)(

• L: length of sequence• i = 1,2,…,L-1: sequence number• n = 0,1,…,L-1: TH offset index

Good peak to side-lobe ratio: L/2 e.g. 16 dB with L = 79

-0.5 0 0.5-50

-45

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

f*T p

dB

Spectrum with TH + polarity, L=79

Good spectral propertiese.g. 11 dB smoother spectrum

Compared to any TH code with L =79

Quadratic-Congruence Hadamard sequences

• TH positions:

• Polarity: derived from row of a Hadamard matrix of size (L ± 1) x (L ± 1)

• Used both for beacon training sequences and for frame training sequences

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 31

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Performance Indicators

• False Alarm probability (PFA): a preamble is detected where there is none

A target PFA ~ 10-4 is assumed

• Missed Detection probability (PMD): the preamble is not detected

A target PMD ~ 10-4 is assumed

• Beacon training sequence length ~ overhead percentage ~ synchronization time

Hypotheses

• No clock jitter present

• No clock drift present

• Send at max power allowed by FCC

• Maximum beacon training sequence length: 20 s

• Superframe ~= 10 ms

• 4 scenari studied

• CM3 channels utilised

Coarse synchronization

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 32

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

-25 -20 -15 -10 -5 010

-5

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1

100

PMD vs. SNR, for different beacon training sequence lengths, no jitter, CM3; PFA = 10-4 (constant); PRP = 10 ns

PM

D

-23.3 -20.3

-17.2 -13.9

-10.9 -7.2

-3.1

L=50

L=100

L=200

L=400

L=800

L=1600

L=3200

SNR [dB]

Max expected loss due to jitter: 1-2dB

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 33

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Coarse synch: Scenario 1PNC DEV

Free space AWGN channel,10 m

• For meeting target performances:

sequence length needed L = 48

• PRP = 10 ns => sequence duration = 48*10ns = 480 ns

• Pulse width = 100ps

D1 = Ps -Pn –NF –Gjitter +Gduty-cycle = -73 +75 –7-2 + 20 = 13 dB

Detectability

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 34

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Coarse synch: Scenario 2

• Use largest beacon training sequence allowed: 20 s

• PRP = 10 ns => L = 2000

• Dtarget = -10.3 dB

PNC DEVFree space AWGN channel,10 m

piconet 1

piconet 2

piconet 3

d

d

d

D2 = -10log10(3) - 20log10(10/d) –NF –Gjitter + Gduty-cycle =

= -13.77 dB + 20log10(d)

  dmin = 1.50 m

Detectability

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 35

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Coarse synch: Scenario 3

PNC DEVmultipath channel,10 m

D3 = D1 +Gchannel +Gmultipath = 13 +8.5 = 4.5 dB

• For meeting target performances: beacon training sequence length needed L = 90

• PRP = 10 ns => sequence duration = 90*10ns = 900 ns

Detectability

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 36

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Coarse synch: Scenario 4

piconet 2

  dmin = 4 m

PNC DEV

piconet 1

piconet 3

d

d

d

multipath channel,10 m

D4 = D2 + Gmultipath = -22.27 dB + 20log10(d)

• Use largest beacon training sequence allowed: 20 s

• PRP = 10 ns => L = 2000

• Dtarget = -10.3 dB

Detectability

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 37

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Channel estimation Simulation Results

• Loss due to reduction of training sequence length from 6s to 3s equal to 1dB

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

Eb/No

Ser

Cm3 PRP=6ns

NCI=500NCI=1000NCI=750NCI=600

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 140

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45Cm4 PRP=6ns

Eb/No

Ser

NCI=1000NCI=500NCI=600NCI=750

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 38

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Clock synchronization

Pulse autocorrelation function

• Goal: align DEV’s clock frequency to PNC’s (drift correction)

• Continuously performed over subsequent superframe beacon preambles

• Filter correction feedback-0.25 -0.2 -0.15 -0.1 -0.05 0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

-0.8

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

Time [ns]

Nor

mal

ized

Am

plitu

de

76 [ps]

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 39

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Timeline• Coarse synchronization:

Assumed number of different beacon training sequences for PNCs: 8

DEVs search in a serial manner one among the 8 sequences

At each superframe, one new sequence is searched for

Superframe length ~= 10 ms worst search time = 80 ms

• Clock synchronization: Is performed continuously, based on beacon training sequences

• Frame synchronization: Performed on frame training sequence

If failed, frame is lost

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 40

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Pulse Repetition Period at 110Mb/s

Nbit/Pulse 1 2 3 4 5Modulation POL 2PPM

POL4PPM POL

8PPM POL

16PPM POLCR = 1/3 3 6.05 9.05 12.1 15.15

CR = 1/2 4.5 9.05 13.6 18.15 22.7CR = 2/3 6.05 12.1 18.15 24.2 30.3CR = 3/4 6.8 13.6 20.45 27.25 34.05CR = 7/8 7.95 15.9 23.85 31.8 39.75CR = 1 9.05 18.15 27.25 36.35 45.45CR = Code Rate All PRP values in nanosecond

Low order modulation preferred to minimize gate count/costfor low data-rate devices

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 41

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Pulse Repetition Period at 200Mb/s

Nbit/Sym 1 2 3 4 5Modulation POL 2PPM

POL4PPM POL

8PPM POL

16PPM POL

CR = 1/3 1.65 3.3 5 6.65 8.3

CR = 1/2 2.5 5 7.45 10 12.45

CR = 2/3 3.3 6.65 10 13.3 16.65

CR = 3/4 3.7 7.45 11.25 14.95 18.7

CR = 7/8 4.35 8.75 13.1 17.5 21.85

CR = 1 5 10 15 20 24.95

CR = Code Rate All PRP values in nanosecond

Low order modulation preferred to enableintermediate data-rate devices

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 42

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Pulse Repetition Period at 480Mb/s

CR = Code Rate All PRP values in nanosecond

Nbit/Sym 1 2 3 4 5Modulation POL 2PPM

POL4PPM POL

8PPM POL

16PPM POL

CR = 1/3 0.65 1.35 2.05 2.75 3.45

CR = 1/2 1 2.05 3.1 4.15 5.2

CR = 2/3 1.35 2.75 4.15 5.55 6.9

CR = 3/4 1.55 3.1 4.65 6.2 7.8

CR = 7/8 1.8 3.6 5.45 7.25 9.1

CR = 1 2.05 4.15 6.2 8.3 10.4

Larger PRP preferred to avoid too small inter-position delay !

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 43

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Manufacturability• Architecture matches full CMOS implementation

– Low cost, single chip product– Using today’s silicon technology

• Simulation proven hardware architecture– SystemC model used– Performance and gate complexity estimated

• Demonstrator in development– 0.13 m CMOS technology

• Size and form factor– Single chip silicon allows small size like PC card, memory stick,

…, and would be usable in portable devices

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 44

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Estimated Gate Count (DEMOD)List of parameters :Chanel Length (number of slices) 10Time Hopping Slot number 64 (1 slot = 50 ps)Number of Coherent Integration 64PPM number 2

Demodulation Blocks Hamming LinearTime Hopping Processing 17920 17920Channel Estimation & Fine Synch. 161280 286720Demodulation Metric 35840 209920Total for Base Band Receiver 215040 514560TX Part <20000 <20000

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 45

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Power consumption

• Low power Architecture– Minimum RF front end (low power with respect to

alternative architecture)– Demodulation processed in digital– Channel estimation gates (~2/3 of demodulation count)

used only during frame preamble (<10% of time) – Typical clock frequency is PRP (only RF front end is

high speed)– Digital power consumption will scale as Moore’s law

in future technology

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 46

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Scalability

• Low data rate (LDR) permits lower power, lower complexity– Channel estimation power cost can be reduced for low

data rate (need less path, and shorter sequence)– Simple modulation (polarity) compatible with HDR

devices• High data rate scalable easily

– ST expect data rate of up to 750 Mbps shortly– 1 Gbps theoretically possible

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 47

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Location awareness

• Relative location (distance between stations) available at almost no cost– Thanks to channel estimation principle

• 2 performance levels possible (implementor choice)– A few decimeters accuracy (simple processing)– A few centimeters accuracy (signal processing of

estimated channel)– Minimal additional hooks in 802.15.3 MAC

March 2003

Didier Helal and Philippe Rouzet, STMSlide 48

doc.: IEEE 802.15-03/139r0

Submission

Multipath immunity

• Channel estimation principle allows capture of most received energy – Equivalent to infinite rake architecture

• Excellent performance in worst multipath environment• Pulse shape/spectrum independent

– The receiver architecture don’t need a-priori knowledge on pulse shape (this is why it is so easy to match specific regulation)

– Dense multipath channel with overlapping pulses don’t degrade performance