Drag QueenDrag Queen

16.0016.00LTA Completed Design ReviewLTA Completed Design Review

Nestor Lara, 2004Nestor Lara, 2004

Drag QueenDrag Queen

Nestor LaraNestor LaraChicago, IllinoisChicago, Illinois

Alice FanAlice FanOrlando, FloridaOrlando, Florida

Benjamin FeinbergBenjamin FeinbergLawrenceville, New JerseyLawrenceville, New Jersey

Matt WilliamsMatt WilliamsBattle Creek, MichiganBattle Creek, Michigan

Hyon LeeHyon LeeWindsor, CanadaWindsor, Canada Nikhil (friend of group), Nikhil (friend of group),

20042004

Table of ContentsTable of ContentsIntroductionIntroduction

ObjectivesObjectivesSelection of Final Selection of Final

DesignDesignSchematics of Final Schematics of Final

DesignDesignControl SystemsControl Systems

Aerodynamic AnalysisAerodynamic AnalysisWeekly TimelineWeekly Timeline

ConclusionConclusion

IIIIIIIIIIIIIVIVVVVIVIVIIVIIVIIVII

ObjectivesObjectives

• To discuss the procedure and To discuss the procedure and final selection of Drag Queen final selection of Drag Queen structurestructure

• To provide analysis regarding To provide analysis regarding the components and method of the components and method of functioning of the final designfunctioning of the final design

• To accurately analyze the To accurately analyze the aerodynamics of the final designaerodynamics of the final design

• To present a final design that To present a final design that will work based upon correct will work based upon correct calculationscalculations

Ben Feinberg, Ben Feinberg, 20042004

Final Design – IntroFinal Design – IntroPDR DesignPDR Design CDR DesignCDR Design

3 balloons assembled in row3 balloons assembled in row 3 balloons assembled on 3 balloons assembled on triangular frametriangular frame3 motors: 2 large, 1 small3 motors: 2 large, 1 small 3 motors: 2 large, 1 small3 motors: 2 large, 1 smallLong, thinLong, thin Compact, tightCompact, tight

AdvantagesAdvantages:: Advantages:Advantages:

Somewhat stableSomewhat stable Stronger structureStronger structureLift can be adjustedLift can be adjusted Less wobbly in turnsLess wobbly in turnsSimpler StructureSimpler Structure Less chance for ‘rollover’Less chance for ‘rollover’AerodynamicAerodynamic Symmetrical sides are possibilitySymmetrical sides are possibility

Less risk in turns, greater mobilityLess risk in turns, greater mobilityDisadvantages:Disadvantages:

Disadvantages:Disadvantages:Unstable in turnsUnstable in turns““Rollover” capabilitiesRollover” capabilities Larger Drag (but low speeds)Larger Drag (but low speeds)UnoriginalUnoriginal

Final Design FeaturesFinal Design FeaturesSymmetrySymmetry•Triangular symmetry desired, but too complicatedTriangular symmetry desired, but too complicated•Established ‘front’ and ‘back’ to triangular LTAEstablished ‘front’ and ‘back’ to triangular LTA

StructureStructure•2 triangles (.9m sides) were assembled atop one another2 triangles (.9m sides) were assembled atop one another•Between triangles is balsa wood to create durable and strong structureBetween triangles is balsa wood to create durable and strong structure

ElectronicsElectronics•Triangular structure allows all electric motors to be relatively close to one Triangular structure allows all electric motors to be relatively close to one anotheranother•1 small motor (altitude) in front , 2 large motors (thrust, steering) in each 1 small motor (altitude) in front , 2 large motors (thrust, steering) in each back cornerback corner•Wires originate and join battery pack on platform in middle of LTAWires originate and join battery pack on platform in middle of LTA

PowerPower•Altitude: Power comes from small motor in frontAltitude: Power comes from small motor in front•Thrust: both large motors powered at same speedThrust: both large motors powered at same speed•Steering: with one motor / propeller fixed and one free to rotate, greater Steering: with one motor / propeller fixed and one free to rotate, greater torque can be created in desired direction when turningtorque can be created in desired direction when turning

Final Design – Scale Final Design – Scale DrawingDrawing

Hyon Lee, 2004Hyon Lee, 2004

Control SystemsControl Systems

4 Controls4 Controls

1. Speed of Motor 1 (rear left)1. Speed of Motor 1 (rear left)2. Speed of Motor 2 (rear right)2. Speed of Motor 2 (rear right)3. Rotation of Motor 23. Rotation of Motor 24. Altitude4. Altitude

Controls 1 and 2Controls 1 and 2

The speed of each motor’s propeller is The speed of each motor’s propeller is independent of one anotherindependent of one another

Thus, differential steering is possibleThus, differential steering is possible

Control 3Control 3

Motor 2 is on a swivel: when pointed Motor 2 is on a swivel: when pointed straight ahead its range is 90 straight ahead its range is 90 degrees to the left or 90 degrees degrees to the left or 90 degrees to the rightto the right

To add to the idea of differential To add to the idea of differential steering, this will provide greater steering, this will provide greater torque in direction of steeringtorque in direction of steering

Control 4Control 4

Self-explanatorySelf-explanatoryUsed to provide lift and keep LTA Used to provide lift and keep LTA

stable in case of uneven air stable in case of uneven air conditionsconditions

Control SystemsControl Systems

DRAG QUEEN FeaturesDRAG QUEEN Features

Our LTA is capable of differential steering and thrusting Our LTA is capable of differential steering and thrusting and also makes use of a rotating motor.and also makes use of a rotating motor.

With only 4 controls on the transmitter, we are effectively With only 4 controls on the transmitter, we are effectively and efficiently using all controls to create a working and efficiently using all controls to create a working

LTA.LTA.

Control Systems – SchematicControl Systems – Schematic

Hyon Lee, 2004Hyon Lee, 2004

Aerodynamic AnalysisAerodynamic Analysis

Note: Some values taken from Note: Some values taken from Interactive Aerospace Engineering and DesignInteractive Aerospace Engineering and Design: D. Newman: D. Newman

ItemItem QuantitQuantityy

Unit Unit Wt.Wt.

Total Total Wt.Wt.

BalloonBalloon 33 70 g70 g 210 g210 g

Large Motor / Large Motor / PropellerPropeller

22 210 g210 g 420 g420 g

Small Motor / Small Motor / PropellerPropeller

11 90 g90 g 90 g90 g

AA BatteryAA Battery 44 50 g50 g 200 g200 g

ReceiverReceiver 11 27 g27 g 27 g27 g

Receiver BatteryReceiver Battery 11 94 g94 g 94 g94 g

ServosServos 11 43 g43 g 43 g43 g

TotalTotal 1284 g1284 g

Structural FrameStructural Frame 11 293 g293 g 293 g293 g

PayloadPayload TBDTBD

Drag Queen Total Mass :Drag Queen Total Mass : 1377 g1377 g

Vehicle Mass Limit : Vehicle Mass Limit : 1750 g1750 g

Aerodynamic AnalysisAerodynamic Analysis

Thrust based on 9V batteryThrust based on 9V battery

Helium Volume Required:Helium Volume Required:

)( heliumairg

WV

Lift From VolumeLift From Volume

)( heliumairgVL

Thrust:Thrust:

NT

NNT

vertical

horizontal

14.

4.1)7(.2

3

3

166.

23.1

38.1

m

kgm

kg

kgW

helium

air

313. m

N35.1

Aerodynamic AnalysisAerodynamic Analysis

dCS

Tv

5.

dair CvD 2

2

1

Vehicle Velocity:Vehicle Velocity:

Vehicle Drag:Vehicle Drag:

Endurance:Endurance: (Based on battery life and change of volume of balloons (Based on battery life and change of volume of balloons during flight)during flight)

sec5588

min Ev

m

v

dE

v

dE ideal

ideal

5.

14.3

)5(.44

1

4

1

2

1

40.1

2

2

d

front

horiz

C

m

S

NT

s

m58.1

N77.With Non-Perfect

Flight, we estimated the endurance of 1 round trip would be:

sec70

Drag Queen TimelineDrag Queen TimelineWeekly Timeline

1 – Complete PDR

2 – Build Structural Frame

3 – Attach Motors

4 – Install Electrical System

5 – Attach Stabilizers

6 – Testing, Tweaking; CDR

7 – Trials Week, Final Tweaking

8 – Official Race Day

Alice Fan, 2004Alice Fan, 2004

ConclusionConclusion

By analyzing various designs and assessing the strength and weaknesses of each, we were able to select a design that provides optimal reliability and efficiency.  The incorporation of two large motors allows for better maneuverability and maximum thrust, while the small motor underneath the vehicle allows for stability and lift control.  The lightweight design contributes to the improved aerodynamics of the vehicle and provides greater support to the frame of the dirigible.  Thus, these features of our team's LTA make it highly competitive and give us the leading edge.

Good Luck Drag QueenGood Luck Drag Queen