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Roles of APERC in Low Carbon Energy Development and Application

Bing-Chwen YangAsia Pacific Energy Research Center

June 6, 2012

Renewable Energy Asia 2012: Proving It’s Worth Here and Now

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• Introduction of APERC

• Declaration of APEC Leaders on Peer Review

• Peer Review of Low Carbon Energy

• Low Carbon Model Town

• Integration of Low Carbon Technology

• Conclusion Remarks

Contents

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History of APERC

• The Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre (APERC) was established in July 1996 in Tokyo, as an affiliate of the Institute of Energy Economics, Japan (IEEJ), pursuant to the Action Agenda adopted by the Asia- Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Economic Leaders at the Osaka Summit in November 1995.

• APERC acts independently as a regional research centre with its own mandates and programmes focusing on energy sector development of the APEC member economies

• The Government of Japan generously agreed to host and finance the Centre.

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Mission of APERC

• The primary objective of APERC is to foster understanding amongst APEC economies of global, regional and domestic energy demand and supply trends, energy infrastructure development, energy regulatory reform, and related policy issuesin view of the regional prosperity.

• APERC advocates rational energy policy formulation and enhances capacity building in energy research in the region, following the APEC's Non-binding Energy Policy Principles for furthering energy security, economic growth, and environmental quality in an effort to implement our mission and vision.

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• Introduction of APERC• Declaration of APEC Leaders on Peer

Review• Peer Review of Low Carbon Energy • Low Carbon Model Town• Integration of Low Carbon Technology • Conclusion Remarks

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APEC Peer Review Mechanisms

APEC Energy Ministers’ 2007 Darwin Declaration:2007 Darwin Declaration:“We directed the APEC Energy Working Group (EWG) to develop a Voluntary Energy Peer Review Mechanism, with an initial focus on progress toward attainingenergy efficiency goals”

APEC Leaders’ 2007 Sydney Declaration:2007 Sydney Declaration:“We agreed on the two specific initiatives: 1) to facilitate and review progress through voluntary APEC Energy Peer Review Mechanism, with a report back to APEC Leaders; and 2) to work towards achieving an APEC-wide goal of a reduction in energy intensity of at least 25 percent by 2030 (with 2005 as the base year)”

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Peer Review Mechanisms for Low-Carbon Energy Supply (PRLCE)

APEC Energy Ministers’ 2010 Fukui Declaration2010 Fukui Declaration:“We commend the Peer Review on Energy Efficiency (PREE) which has been successfully carried out for four APEC economies and urge additional economies to participate”.

“We instruct the EWG to explore mechanisms to encourage economies to setindividual goals and action plans for introducing low-emission power sources - renewable, nuclear and fossil fuels with carbon capture and storage (CCS) - to make our energy supply cleaner. We will create low-carbon communities in the region”.

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• Introduction of APERC• Declaration of APEC Leaders on Peer

Review• Peer Review of Low Carbon Energy • Low Carbon Model Town• Integration of Low Carbon Technology • Conclusion Remarks

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Purpose and Main Objectives of PRLCEPurpose and Main Objectives of PRLCEPurpose:

To assist volunteer APEC economy to promote low-emission power sources by providing recommendations from APEC peer review experts.Main Objectives:�Share experiences and knowledge on best practices for efficient and effective policies to promote low carbon power supplies (such as renewable energy) in developing APEC economies, and how to adapt policies and measures which have been successful elsewhereto the unique conditions of each economy;�Encourage developing APEC economies to set individual goals on power supply from low carbon sources (such as renewable energy), and to formulate action plans to achieve the goals;

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Main Roles and Responsibilities of Stakeholders

cf. “Guideline on APEC Peer Review on Low-Carbon Energy Supply (PRLCE)”

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PRLCE Work Program in Thailand

• Date: May 21 ~ 25, 2012.

• Scope of Peer Review:

�Policy, strategy and target for renewable energy

�Energy policy institutional arrangement (SPP/VSPP, grid, FIT)

�Energy regulation

�Role and activities for renewable energy promotion

�Successful case for the promotion of renewable energy

�Contribution by private sector

�CDM

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Summary of PRLCE in Thailand (1/3)

Major achievements• Clear and aggressive renewable energy targets have been

identified in the Alternative Energy Development Plan• Dedicated agency for renewable promotion (DEDE) and

involvement of relevant government offices• Dedicated regulatory authority and separation from policy office

– one stop shop for renewable regulation• Established financial support – Adder, investment grant, etc. Fit

to be introduced• Government will focus on funding R&D (NSTAD) and welcome

private-led investment in carrying out actual related projects

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Summary of PRLCE in Thailand (2/3)Major recommendations (total 49 recommendations proposed)• To stipulate the frequency of revision or updating Power

Development Plan in the law• Better co-ordination of plans across different agencies, this would

be beneficial at the implementation stage as well, especially for smart grids

• It is also important to foster domestic renewable energy relatedindustries

• Support the development of a renewable energy business association

• Consider extending financial support for small scale renewable energy developments-more attractive incentives than the original revolving fund

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Summary of PRLCE in Thailand (3/3)Major recommendations (total 49 recommendations proposed)• Harmonize standards and codes internationally• It is desirable to set up a framework for introducing foreign

investment to promote renewable energy(e.g. incentive). Criteria for evaluating the positive effects of foreign investment should be considered

• Expedite the Smart Grid / Low Carbon City activities (work with APEC)

• Establishing the complete waste recycling system, and large scale incineration system (instead of landfill) is recommended to increase the capacity of waste-to-energy rapidly.

• Encourage international cooperation for further study and R&D ondifferent pioneer renewable energy technology

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Conclusion from PRLCE in Thailand

• GREW -- Good Start, Right Direction, Effective Measures and Well prepared

• More cooperation among different stakeholders is required

• More resource integration can be enhanced

• More green energy industry is also expected

• More encouragement of renewable energy research

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Summary of PRLCE, PREE & CEEDS

APEC Leaders meeting

2007

Declaration to reduce energy intensity of APEC region by at least 25% by 2030

Introduction of Peer Review Mechanism

2009

PREE-1 New Zealand

PREE -2 Chile

PREE-3 Viet Nam

PREE-4 Thailand

EMM9

APERC reported progress on peer review mechanism

PREE-5 Chinese Taipei

2010

PREE-6 Peru

PREE-7 Malaysia

2011 2012

PREE-8 Indonesia

PREE-9 Philippines

Follow Up PREE Viet Nam

PRLCE-1Thailand

2013

CEEDS Phase 1 Chinese Taipei

CEEDS Phase 1 Japan

CEEDS Phase 2 Thailand

CEEDS Phase 2 Hong KOng

CEEDS Phase 3 USA

CEEDS Phase 3 Singapore

CEEDS Phase 4PRLCE Phase 2PREE Phase 4

PRLCE-2Philippines

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• Introduction of APERC• Declaration of APEC Leaders on Peer

Review• Peer Review of Low Carbon Energy • Low Carbon Model Town• Integration of Low Carbon Technology • Conclusion Remarks

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• The purpose of developing “ Concept of APEC Low-Carbon Town (LCT)” is to assist the central and local government officials and all relevant stakeholders including developers , non-governmental organisations and the general public to lower carbon emission towards achieving sustainable development.

• The APEC Low-Carbon Town(LCT) means towns, cities, islands and communities which seek to become low carbon with a quantitative CO2 emissions reduction target and an well-integrated low carbon developing plan irrespective of its size, characteristics and type of development.

Concept of APEC Low-Carbon Town (LCT)

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・低炭素建築・低炭素建築・低炭素建築・低炭素建築

Highly efficient air conditioning,

LED, BMS, etc.

District energy（DHC))))

Solar/wind power

generation

Waste incineration plant

Using waste heat

ＬＲＴ

〔〔〔〔Residential DistrictResidential DistrictResidential DistrictResidential District〕〕〕〕

・・・・Low carbon houses

・・・・Solar power, etc.

Electric vehicle (EV)

Farmland

〔〔〔〔Farming Farming Farming Farming CommunityCommunityCommunityCommunity〕〕〕〕

・・・・Low carbon houses

・・・・Biomass, etc.

Wind power generation

Intercity public railway

transport control system

District energy network

Using river water

Solar panels

District cooling/heating

Mega solar power generation

Biomass power

generation

Farmland

・・・・Low carbon buildings

Untapped energy

〔〔〔〔Central Business DistrictCentral Business DistrictCentral Business DistrictCentral Business District〕〕〕〕

Concept of APEC Low-Carbon Town(LCT)

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LCMT Project Scheme

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Criteria to Select the Low Carbon Model Town

• The LCT is coordinated or supervised by a relevant government authority of the APEC member economy.

• Responsible entity for the LCT is identified, and the project is already on-going or has been committed to being implemented.

• The LCT implementation plan has been developed. The plan should include major items, such as land use plan, transportation plan, energy plan, environment plan and area management plan.

• Organization and people responsible for the F/S have been identified, and committed to provide necessary information for the purpose of F/S.

・Site Area ： About 3,860,000m2

・Total floor area ： About 9,500,000m2

・Schedule ： 2010 - 2120

・Precedent development area

Site Area ： About 396,000m2

Total floor area ： About 2,900,000m2

Precedent development area

YUJIAPU Center Business District

The First APEC Low Carbon Model Town

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Measures for Low carbon Town

省エネ機器導入（家電等）

エコカー導入

交通対策

省エネ設備導入 （給湯等）

Energy-saving

equipment

Energy-saving

Eco-building

Eco-cars

Untapped and renewable

energies

Transforming

city structures

Easing traffic congestions

Energy-saving

Area wide

optimized energy use Preserving greenery

and farmlands

Urban greenery

Heat island phenomena

effect reduction

Disaster prevention

History &

Culture

Safety Urban Policies Disaster

Prevention Economic

Dynamis

Landscape

Preservatio Convenience

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Samui Island – Second LCMT in APEC

Vision of Samui Island – Value creation

•Social & human value

•Environment & resource value

•Economic value

Green island for tourist

The Second APEC Low Carbon Model Town

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• Introduction of APERC• Declaration of APEC Leaders on Peer

Review• Peer Review of Low Carbon Energy • Low Carbon Model Town• Integration of Low Carbon Technology • Conclusion Remarks

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Concept of Zero Emission Building

Green Building(Envelop, A/C, SSL)

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Conclusion Remarks

• Increase in energy consumption and fast economic growth in the APEC region needs a more aggressive approach and efforts for the development and application of low carbon energy.

• Low carbon energy should consider the implementation of the system design for low carbon technology with the optimum cost effective measures in order to fulfill the sustainability development of our Earth.

• APERC will always bring the system integration concept to act as the coordinator to push forward the sustainability development in APEC Region with the cooperation of each country in this region and instruction of APEC Leaders.

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Thank youThank you for your kind attentionfor your kind attention

http://www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/http://www.ieej.or.jp/aperc/

e-mail: yang@aperc.ieej.or.jp