Drill BitBy: Mazn, Darawan and Bawan

History

• Older method included percussion drilling, often took many years to make a single well this way.

• Revolutionary idea as Howard Hughes’ rotary two cone bit changed the industry

Bits

• Responsible of crushing and breaking the rock formations as it penetrates the different layers of earth’s crust.

• Either fixed cutters or roller cone

Bit design

Inserts and cutters

PDC (polycrystalline diamond compact) bit

• This type of drill bits includes using diamonds with the bit

• Today nearly two-thirds of the oil we use comes from wells drilled using the (PDC) bits.

• Many drill bits include a combination of steel, tungsten-carbide, PDC and diamond cutting and grinding edges.

IADC classification

Developed by International Association of Drilling Contractors it has been representative of drillers since 1940.

PDC drill bit nomenclature

Matrix body

• Matrix is very hard composition contain tungsten carbide grains bonded with a softer and tougher metallic binder.

Steel body

• it is capable of withstanding high impact loads, but is relatively soft and, without protective features, would quickly fail by abrasion and erosion.

Roller Bits

Monocone roller bit Two cone roller bit

Tricone roller bits

This particular bit was developed by engineers from the Sharp-Hughes Tool Company in 1933 using the company's two cone bits as a base design.

• Tricone roller bits are generally classified as either tungsten carbide insert (TCI) bits or milled-tooth bits.

Hybrid drill bits

• Hybrid drilling technology is a paradigm shift in innovation, a coalescence of roller cone and PDC bits into a single, patented design. The result is a technology designed to exploit the best attributes of each bit type, bridging the gap between them.

• Has features and advantages over both PDC fixed cutters and roller cones

Bit evaluation

• It is important to maintain careful written records of the performance of each bit for future references. Bits are worn by abrasion and shocks while drilling.

• The amount of wear on teeth, bearings and gauge is recorded according to a special coding system. Teeth wear is graded in eighths of the original tooth height.

Bit gaugeGauge wear, This can be determined by using a ring gauge and ruler, the gauge ring is placed around the bit and fitted to one side and the space between the ring and third cone is measured. Usually, this measurement is used for the amount of wear.

Thank you for listening

Questions?