BEYOND THE CURRENT Thijs Asselbergs & Leo Oorschot

The problem Transition from fossil based to zero carbon • Climate Conference Paris 2015 • Change Dutch Housing Act 2015 • Dutch Energy Agreement 2015 • All existing social houses must

have a energy label B in 2020 and zero carbon in 2050

The problem Existing Housing Stock • NoM (zero carbon) row houses • Supply driven by contractors • No heritage • No user preferences • No social houses • No multi storey tenement

apartment blocks of the cities

The problem Deep renovation to Energy label C • Housing Associations • Tenement apartment blocks • Inter and post war period • No lift, collective stair well • 480.000 apartments in G4 • No feasible deep

renovation approach

Sabira

Leo

Thaleia

Tim

Our research team Beyond the Current: Ir. Sabira El Messlaki (+ Clarine) Dr.ir. Thaleia Konstantinou Dr.ir. Tim de Jonge Dir.ir. Leo Oorschot Delft University of Technology Architecture and Built Environment • Chair: Housing Management

Prof.dr.ir. Vincent Gruis Dr. Clarine van Oel

• Chair Architectural Engineering Prof.ir. Thijs Asselbergs Ir. Tjalling Homans

• Chair Heritage & Design Prof.ir. Wessel de Jonge Ir. Lidwine Spoormans

Utrecht University of Applied Sciences • Prof. Jan Willem Kroon

Our research team Beyond the Current: Ir. Sabira El Messlaki (+ Clarine) Dr.ir. Thaleia Konstantinou Dr.ir. Tim de Jonge Dir.ir. Leo Oorschot Delft University of Technology Architecture and Built Environment • Chair: Housing Management

Prof.dr.ir. Vincent Gruis Dr. Clarine van Oel

• Chair Architectural Engineering Prof.ir. Thijs Asselbergs Ir. Tjalling Homans

• Chair Heritage & Design Prof.ir. Wessel de Jonge Ir. Lidwine Spoormans

Utrecht University of Applied Sciences • Prof. Jan Willem Kroon

Involved stakeholders Universities Institutes Architects Housing Associations

HERITAGE quality of the environment • municipalities & local politics • local heritage departments • preferences neighbourhood • user preferences

USER PREFERENCES quality of the apartments • housing associations • municipalities • tenant organisations • local politics • preferences tenants apartments

SUSTAINABILITY transition towards zero carbon quality of the society • municipalities & local politics • housing associations • consultancies • Institutes & universities • contractors & suppliers of service systems • user preferences

Why Research Through Design? 1 - Aim research is provide quantitative data about user preferences for this building type 2 – Contribute to new practice of feasible and integral deep renovation for tenement apartment blocks based on the parameters: • Sustainability • Heritage • User preferences

Why RTD as method? • Integral approach, different fields of sciences • Real live context with housing associations, tenants and municipalities • Multiple sources of evidence are used • Multiple research methods are used

• Leo Building type inventory and value assessment survey • Thaleia Energy assessment • Tim Life cycle cost assessment • Sabira User preference assessment

• Learning from the past pilot project (Energiesprong and NoM)

Why Research Through Design? Why this method? Our general approach?

Building type inventory Method: archive and literature research and value assessment Researcher: dr.ir. Leo Oorschot

Energy assessment Method: energy model and calculation Researcher: dr.ir. Thaleia Konstantinou

User preference assessment Method: discrete choice modelling Researcher: ir. Sabira El Messlaki (+ dr. Clarine van Oel)

Calculating building Method: Live Cycle Costing assessment and exploitation cost Researcher: dr.ir. Tim de Jonge

Four design cases, a number of feasible design variations Designers: All

How did Research and Design meet? Building type inventory and value assessment The object of research, characteristics and evaluation of deep renovation problems Choice of Design and Test Cases

How did Research and Design meet? Four subtypes Four design cases 1. Inter war Amsterdam 2. Inter war Den Haag 3. Post war mix traditional

and building systems 4. Dry building system

with precast elements

How did Research and Design meet? Our research approach based on the design cases

Design Case 1 (subtype post war)

Step 1

Discussion about attributes Attribute list A

Step 2

Designs variations

Step 3 & 4 Energy assessment Live Cycle Costing

assessment

Step 5 User preference assessment

Questionnaires list A

Step 6 Evaluation results

Design Case 2&3 (subtype inter war)

Step 1

Discussion about attributes Attribute list B

Step 2

Designs variations

Step 3 & 4 Energy assessment

Live Cycle Costing assessment

Step 5 User preference assessment

Questionnaires list B

Step 6 Evaluation results

Design Case 4 (subtype post war) Architect workshop

Test Case 1&2 (subtype post war) User preference

assessment Questionnaires list A

Test Case 3&4 (subtype inter war) User preference

assessment Questionnaires list B

Pre-phase

Building type inventory and value assessment

Energy assessment

Live Cycle Costing

assessment

User preference assessment

How did RTD affect our result and process? From design variations to attribute list to questionnaires list

Design Case 2 & 3 (inter war building types) Attribute list as basis of questionnaires list B Uitgangspunten Beyond the Current

• Isoleren schil tot lage temperatuurverwarming mogelijk is, dan is ook een warmtepomp met voorraadvat toe te passen

• Woonlasten (huur + energiekosten) blijft gelijk

• Investeringsbudget komt uit de huurprijs Proces

• Staat van bewoning (onbewoond of bij mutatie) Heritage

• Waardering karakteristieken gevel

• Waardering karakteristieken in de woning Energiehuishouding

• Hoofdverwarming (warmtepomp/voorraadvat, blokverwarming, stadsverwarming)

• Ventilatie (mech of balans met wtw)

• Hernieuwbare energie (PV panelen, batterij)

• Trombe glas

• Witgoedpakket Functionaliteit

• Positie en indeling badkamer-toilet

• Positie en indeling keuken-woonkamer

• Balkon (als bestaand of vergroot) Extra inkomsten (vergroting verhuurbaar oppervlakte)

• Toevoegen van een woning op zolderverdieping

Design Case 1 (post war building types) Attribute list as basis of questionnaires list A Uitgangspunten Beyond the Current

• Woonlasten (huur + energiekosten) blijft gelijk

• Investeringsbudget komt uit de huurprijs Proces

• Staat van bewoning (onbewoond of bij mutatie) Façade (binnen heritage kaders)

• Waardering karakteristieken gevel (bestaand, half open, helemaal open)

Energiehuishouding

• Isoleren schil gebouw (energy label B of A+)

• Hoofdverwarming (warmtepomp/voorraadvat)

• Ventilatie (mech of balans met wtw)

• Hernieuwbare energie (PV panelen, Solar Collector) Functionaliteit

• Geluidisolatie vloeren/plafonds

• Positie en indeling badkamer-keuken

• Relatie keuken-woonkamer

• Positie aantal slaapkamers versus woonkamer

• Toevoegen galerij met lift Extra inkomsten (vergroting verhuurbaar oppervlakte)

• Toevoegen kleine woningen begane grond

• Toevoegen serre aan de tuinzijde

In what way did you combine Research and Design? Example of a design variation: The kitchen, bathroom area The three choices

Choice B Extension

Choice A Existing

Choice C New floor plan

Discrete Choice Modelling Image question list • Design variations are translated to images for the questionnaires • Questions in several languages (Dutch, English, Turkish, Arabian) • 3D models produced in Maya • Online questionnaire • Hardcopy questionnaires is possible on demand Kind of questions : 1. Social demographic questions 2. Questions about the appreciation and characteristics of the current dwelling 3. Discrete choice questions with images about the designs

In what way did you combine Research and Design? Example of a design variation: The kitchen, bathroom area Discrete Choice Modelling Design translated into a images and questionnaires

How RTD accelerate and improve the results and process? Discrete Choice Modelling Preliminary results user preferences At the moment there are 533 respondents of the questionnaires, more respondents are expected

How RTD accelerate and improve the results and process? Discrete Choice Modelling Preliminary results user preferences

If • rent and energy cost (woonlasten) of tenants

are not changing • investments are 30-40 years Then: • Reduce energy cost to finance deep renovation • Enlarge the program to finance deep renovation

(new apartments basement and/or attic or roof) Extreme deep renovation variations are possible: • Lift and glass serre garden side

Personal challenge, lessons and solutions we encountered and created during project? Information housing associations provide us during excursions Support of housing associations with the questionnaires

Personal challenge, lessons and solutions we encountered and created during project? Workshops with and meetings with architects Discussions and meetings with housing associations

HERITAGE quality of the environment

USER PREFERENCES the quality of the apartments

SUSTAINABILITY transition towards zero carbon quality of the society

Statement 1 - Aim research is provide quantitative data about user preferences for this building type 2 – Contribute to new practice of feasible and integral deep renovation for tenement apartment blocks based on the parameters: • Sustainability • Heritage • User preferences

Challenge is to unite: • sustainability • heritage • user preferences Towards an integral approach of retrofitting tenement apartment blocks.

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

BEYOND THE CURRENT RESEARCH GROUP DELFT