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E3S Web of Conferences XX, xxxxx (2020)

1st ICVAES 2019

1st ICVAES 2019

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In submitting conference proceedings to E3S Web of Conferences, I certify to the Publisher that I adhere to the Policy on Publishing Integrity of the journal in order to safeguard good scientific practice in publishing.

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Title, date and place of the conference

The Ist International Conference on Veterinary, Animal, and Environmental

Sciences (ICVAES 2019)

Banda Aceh, Indonesia/ October 15-17, 2019

Proceedings editor(s):

Dr. Gholib, S.Pt.,M.Si (Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia) Dr. drh. Amalia Sutriana, M.Sc (Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Antje Engelhardt (Liverpool John Moores University, UK) Dr. Julie Duboscq (The French National Centre For Scientific Research (CNRS), French) Drh. Rumi Sahara Zamzami (Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia)

Date and editor’s signature

Banda Aceh, Indonesia, 27/01/2020

17, avenue du Hoggar ‐ PA de Courtabœuf – BP 112 ‐ 91944 Les Ulis Cedex A (France)

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E3S Web of ConferencesVolume 151 (2020)

The 1st International Conference on Veterinary, Animal, and EnvironmentalSciences (ICVAES 2019)

Banda Aceh, Indonesia, October 15-17, 2019 G. Gholib, A. Sutriana, A. Engelhardt, J. Duboscq and R. Sahara Zamzami (Eds.)

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About the conference Published online: 14 February 2020PDF (470 KB)

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Statement of Peer review Published online: 14 February 2020PDF (315 KB)

Open Access

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Preface 00001G. GholibPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015100001PDF (1.045 MB) NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Formulation and Investigation Antioxidant of O/W Cream Containing Euphorbiahirta L. Herb Extract 01001Fadli A. Gani, Nadia Isnaini and Siti MaryamPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101001PDF (389.1 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

Open Access

Blood hematology pro�le at postpartum in Ettawa grade does fed with di�erentfatty acid �ushing diets during the late gestation period and di�erent litter sizes

01002Prasetyo Nugroho, Komang G. Wiryawan, Wasmen Manalu and Dewi A. AstutiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101002PDF (683.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

Open Access

Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) Reduce Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 Alpha(HIF-1 alpha) and Endometriotic Tissue Size in Mice Model of Endometriosis 01003Dedy Syahrizal, Cut Mustika, Teuku Renaldi, Mohammad G. Suryokusumo and Hendy HendartoPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101003PDF (408.7 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Physical Quality Assessment of Aceh Cattle Meat and Their Relationship with MeatTypes and Hair Color Di�erences 01004Al Azhar, Muslim Akmal, Muhammad Hambal, Mustafa Sabri, Teuku S. Rosa, RahmaddiansyahRahmaddiansyah, Bambang Purwantara and Dasrul DasrulPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101004PDF (269.5 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015100001

https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/pdf/2020/11/e3sconf_icvaes2020_00001.pdf

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020E3SWC.15100001G




https://www.e3s-conferences.org/articles/e3sconf/ref/2020/11/e3sconf_icvaes2020_01001/e3sconf_icvaes2020_01001.html






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The use of transrectal massage combined with arti�cial vagina as semen collectionin javan banteng (Bos javanicus) bull 01005Vincentia T. Yoelinda, Raden I. Ari�antini, Muhammad Agil, Dedi R. Setiadi, Yohana T. Hastuti,Jansen Manansang and Dondin SajuthiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101005PDF (337.1 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The Potency of endophytic fungi from the bark of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels asantifungal agents 01006Nurhaida Nurhaida, Syarifah A. Rashid and Darah IbrahimPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101006PDF (420.3 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

Open Access

Validation of Commercial ELISA kit for Non-Invasive Measurement of CortisolConcentrations and the Evaluation of the Sampling Time of Blood and Fecal Samplein Aceh Cattle 01007Gholib Gholib, Sri Wahyuni, Ahmad Wahyudi, Khoiriyah S. Silalahi, Muslim Akmal, Mustafa Sabri andTau�q P. NugrahaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101007PDF (289.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The E�ectiveness of Lugol for Endometritis Therapy in Aceh Cow 01008Juli Melia, Baroli Sadri, Tongku N. Siregar, Ginta Riady, Nuzul Asmilia, Muhammad Hana�ah andBudianto PanjaitanPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101008PDF (551.5 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Estrus Synchronization Using Prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) and Combination of PGF2αand Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone In Ongole Crossbred 01009Pudji Astuti, Claude M. Airin, Slamet Widiyanto, Sarmin Sarmin, Amelia Hana, Hera Maheshwari andLuth�ralda Sjah�rdiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101009PDF (336.5 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service







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Open Access

Decreased bull fertility: age-related changes in sperm motility and DNAfragmentation 01010Berlin P. Pardede, Iman Supriatna, Yudi Yudi and Muhammad AgilPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101010PDF (306.4 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

Open Access

E�ect of Carica papaya L. Stem Bark Extracts on Cholesterol Concentration in RatsInduced with Streptosozin 01011Safrida Safrida and Mustafa SabriPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101011PDF (482.2 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Conservation status of shark �sh in the Aceh province coastal area 01012Hazia Awanis, Ismul Huda and Muhammad A. SarongPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101012PDF (674.4 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

Open Access

Oviposition Deterrent Activity and Ovicidal E�ect of Pometia pinnata Leaves Extractagainst Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti (Diftera: Culicidae) 01013Luth� Suharyo, Rizqulla K. Arthari and Fitria S.N. RochmahPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101013PDF (376.7 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Who’s Responsible? Issues in Eradicating Marine Litter In Aceh Jaya Regency 01014Ika Kusumawati, Mita Setyowati, Agung D. Syakti, Achmad Fahrudin and Nodi MarefandaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101014PDF (429.4 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Correlation Between Testosterone Concentrations with Scrotal Circumference, andSemen Characteristics in Aceh Bulls 01015







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Dasrul Dasrul, Sri Wahyuni, Sugito Sugito, Abdulah Hamzah, Zulzya Zaini, Abdul Haris andGholib GholibPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101015PDF (279.5 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Diversity and Activities of Mosquito in Yogyakarta Special Region Province,Indonesia, a Non Filariasis Endemic Area 01016Siti Istianah, Budi Mulyaningsih and Sitti R. UmniyatiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101016PDF (1.239 MB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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E�ect of Yeast and Lactic Acid Bacteria Probiotic on The Growth of Tiger Shrimp(Penaeus monodon), Microbiology and Water Quality 01017Nurliana Nurliana, Fauzia Khairunisa, Baharuddin H. Siregar, Dicky H.M. Harahap, Rumi S. Zamzami,Siti R. Ayuti, Ismail Ismail and Rastina RastinaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101017PDF (255.3 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The Distribution of Malaria with Seasonal in Kokap Yogyakarta 2012-2017 01018Raden A.K. Lestari, Novyan Lusiyana and Fitria S. NurochmahPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101018PDF (477.6 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Entamoeba histolytica Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Agents that InfectHumans and Some Other Mammals: A Review 01019Junaidi Junaidi, Umi Cahyaningsih, Trioso Purnawarman, Hadri Latif, Etih Sudarnika, Zinatul Hayatiand Muslina MuslinaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101019PDF (345.1 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The correlation between spermatozoa morphometry and the testosterone levels inthe epididymis of aceh cow 01020






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Sri Wahyuni, Gholib Gholib, Rizki Maulana, Dasrul Dasrul, Tongku N. Siregar, Hamny Hamny,Muhammad Jalaluddin, Fadli A. Gani, Mudhita Z. Ritonga and Muslim AkmalPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101020PDF (307.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Isolation, Identi�cation, and Critical Points of Risk of Escherichia coli O157:H7Contamination at Aceh Cattle Breeding Centre 01021Teuku R. Ferasyi, Mahdi Abrar, Muhammad Subianto, Cut Afrianandra, Muhammad Hambal,Razali Razali, Ismail Ismail, Nurliana Nurliana, Rastina Rastina, Wahyu E. Sari et al. (7 more)Published online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101021PDF (364.9 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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E�ect of exposure to palm oil mill e�uent on reproductive impairment of male NileTilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) 01022Muliari Muliari, Yusrizal Akmal, Ilham Zulfahmi, Ni W.K. Karja, Chairun Nisa, Mahyana Mahyana andRindhira HumairaniPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101022PDF (872.1 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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E�ect of After-Treatment of Strychnos ligustrina Extract on The Percentage ofParasitemia in Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei 01023Umi Cahyaningsih, Siti Sa’diah, Wasrin Sya�i, Rita K. Sari, Harisyah M and Maeda WahyuningrumPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101023PDF (370.7 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Potential Natural Aromatase Blockers on Enhance the Frequency and Sound Qualityof Male Canaries 01024Pudji Astuti, Claude M. Airin, Alfarisa Nurrurozi, Rizal Aidi, Amelia Hana, Susilo Hadi andHarimurti HarimurtiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101024PDF (460.4 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Occurrence of Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp Infection in Aceh Cattle01025

Muhammad Hambal, Rizka Ayuni, Henni Vanda, Amiruddin Amiruddin and Farida AthaillahPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101025PDF (334.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Identi�cation of Active Compounds of Kepok Banana Peel and the E�ect onTestosterone Concentration in Male Rats with High-Fat Diet 01026Baidillah Zulki�i, Muslim Akmal, Sri Wahyuni, Tongku N. Siregar and Gholib GholibPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101026PDF (433.2 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) 316 on Calpain Gene in Aceh Cattle 01027Teuku S. Rosa, Al Azhar, Muslim Akmal, Muhammad Hambal, Triva M. Lubis, Teuku R. Ferasyi andSukmawan F. SantosaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101027PDF (475.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Con�rmation of Anopheles balabacensis as natural vector of malaria caused byPlasmodium knowlesi inhabits forested areas in Kecamatan Balik Bukit, WesternLampung Regency 01028Agus A. Wibowo, Sitti R. Umniyati, Jontari Hutagalung and Tanti RahayuPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101028PDF (451.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Potential of Malacca leaf (Phyllanthus emblica) against Salmonella sp 01029Nuzul Asmilia, Mahdi Abrar, Yudha Fahrimal, Amalia Sutriana and Yobeswi HusnaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101029PDF (392.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Chemical Quality of Longissimus Muscles of Kacang Goat After Supplemented WithA Combination of Palm Kernel Meal and Powdered Katuk Leaf 01030







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https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/#abs/2020E3SWC.15101026Z





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Razali Razali, Teuku R. Ferasyi, Azhari Azhari, Rastina Rastina, Ismail Ismail, Anwar Anwar,Rijanto Hutasoit and Andi TariganPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101030PDF (320.6 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Fecal Cortisol and Progesterone Concentrations in Post Partus of EtawahCrossbreed Goat 01031Claude M. Airin, Amelia Hana, Sarmin Sarmin and Pudji AstutiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101031PDF (409.1 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Growth Patterns Crassostrea sp in Various Cultural Media of Marine Water Area,Banda Aceh 01032Fauzi Arja, Muhammad A. Sarong, Suhendrayatna Suhendrayatna and Ismul HudaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101032PDF (791.5 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The Histomorphological Study on Testicular Cells of Hypercholesterolemia RatsTreated by Polysaccharides of Sea Cucumber, Holothuria nobilis 01033Fitrah A. Ulhusna, Tutik Wresdiyati and Adi WinartoPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101033PDF (333.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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E�ect of Salix Tetrasperma Roxb. Extract on The Value of Feed Conversion Ratio,Carcass Weight, and Abdominal Fat Content of Broiler Chicken with Heat StressCondition 01034Sugito Sugito, Erdiansyah Rahmi, Mira Delima, Nurliana Nurliana, Rusli Rusli and M. IsaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101034PDF (204.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Distribution of Insect Species as An Indicator for Determining Durian Tree age inPulo Seunong Plantations, Tangse-Pidie 01035





















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Rifki Mufti, Muhammad A. Sarong, Khairil Khairil, Safrida Safrida and Muhammad SayuthiPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101035PDF (217.2 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Deviation of Body Weight Estimation using Lambourne Formula Against Aceh Bull’sActual Body Weight 01036Muhammad Hasan, Utari D.M. Lubis, Nellita Meutia, Muhammad Hambal, Fadli A. Gani andDian MasyithaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101036PDF (688.9 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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E�ect of Aloe vera Extract in Reducing Formaldehyde in Salted Squid (Loligo indica)and Sensory Evaluation 01037Safrida Safrida, Devi Syafrianti and Irma HaryaniPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101037PDF (328.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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E�cacy of Jatropha curcas Latex Cream in The Epithelialization Phase of WoundHealing in Mice Skin 01038Muhammad N. Salim, Moma Silvia, Dwinna Aliza, Dian Masyitha, Cut D. Iskandar, Rusli Rusli,Sugito Sugito, Muhammad Hasan, Mustafa Sabri and Abdul HarrisPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101038PDF (868.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Identi�cation and Characterization of Protamine1 Gene in Aceh Cattle 01039Teuku Z. Helmi, Muhammad Hambal, Sugito Sugito, Rumi S. Zamzami, Rusli Rusli and Muslim AkmalPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101039PDF (327.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Detection Of Blood Parasites In Cattle In Kutalimbaru Subdistrict, Deli SerdangRegency, North Sumatera 01040Mudhita Z. Ritonga, Andhika Putra, Agun Prastia, Firdaus Nasution and Risdawati Br Ginting































Published online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101040PDF (142.7 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Levels of protein and fat produced by black soldier �y (hementia illucens) larvae inthe bioconversion of organic waste 01041Heni Aristi, Era H. Mudji, Koesnoto Soepranianondo, Nenny Haridjani and Zelvy ApriliaPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101041PDF (152.4 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Co�ee Grounds Extracts against FishPathogenic Aeromonas hydrophila 01042Wahyu E. Sari, Muhammad Hambal, Henni Vanda, Maryulia Dewi, Rumi S. Zamzami,Sukmawan F. Santosa, Mudhita Z. Ritonga, Awaluddin Awaluddin, Siti R. Ayuti, Roby Luksmana et al.(2 more)Published online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101042PDF (147.3 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Acute Toxicity Test of Pigeon Pea Leaves Extract (Cajanus cajan) in Rats 01043Tutik Wresdiyati, Stephany Stephany, Ekowati Handharyani, Siti Sa’diah and Made AstawanPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101043PDF (516.2 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Potential of Flamboyant Flower (Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook) Raf) Extract to MaintainPost-Dilution Quality of Aceh Cattle (Bos taurus indicus) Spermatozoa 01044Marlina Muhammad, Kartini Eriani, Aida Fithri, Amalia Rusdi and Hendra SaputraPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101044PDF (826.3 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Comparison of Estrous Performance and Progesterone Level of Kacang GoatsInduced by PGF2α Versus Ovsynch Protocol 01045Budianto Panjaitan, Almira Dewi, Fadli FR Nasution, Mulyadi Adam, Tongku N. Siregar, Cut N. Thasmiand Syafruddin Syafruddin













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Published online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101045PDF (704.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Anthelmintic Activity of Curcuma Aeruginosa Roxb Extract on Fasciola gigantica inVitro 01046Henni Vanda, Rizki Parindra, Muhammad Hambal and Farida AthaillahPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101046PDF (471.4 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The Amino Acid Contents in Mangrove Rhizophora mucronata Leaves in Asahan,North Sumatra, Indonesia 01047Sri S. Ningsih, Da�t Ariyanto, Dian Puspitasari, Anuraga Jayanegara, Hamim Hamim andHeru GunawanPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101047PDF (334.9 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Recipient Selection to Support The Success Rate of Frozen-Thawed Belgian BlueEmbryo Transfer 01048Weni Kurniati, Muhammad Agil, Bambang Purwantara and Muhammad ImronPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101048PDF (295.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Survey to Investigate the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Pet Owners onAnimal Health Control in the City of Banda Aceh 01049Amiruddin Amiruddin, Teuku R. Ferasyi, Erdiansyah Rahmi, Rusli Sulaiman, Farida Athaillah,Muhammad Hambal, Erwin Erwin, Muhammad Hasan, Muhammad Jalaluddin,Muhammad N. Salim et al. (3 more)Published online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101049PDF (454.2 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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The Length-Weight Relationship of Metapenaeopsis mogiensis in North AcehWaters, Indonesia 01050











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Abdullah A. Muhammadar, Dedi F. Putra, Maria Ulfa, Zulfahmi Zulfahmi and Muhammad A. SarongPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101050PDF (198.0 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Histology of Watersnake (Enhydris enhydris) Lung 01051Zainuddin Zainuddin, Nurul Fadhilah, Dian Masyitha, Muhammad N. Salim, Erdiansyah Rahmi,Fadli A. Gani and Muhammad JalaluddinPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101051PDF (243.6 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Histology of Watersnake (Enhydris Enhydris) Digestive System 01052Dian Masyitha, Lena Maulidar, Zainuddin Zainuddin, Muhammad N. Salim, Dwinna Aliza,Fadli A. Gani and Rusli RusliPublished online: 14 February 2020DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015101052PDF (491.8 KB) References NASA ADS Abstract Service

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Potential of Flamboyant Flower (Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook) Raf) Extract to Maintain Post-Dilution Quality of Aceh Cattle (Bos taurus indicus) Spermatozoa

Marlina Muhammad1*, Kartini Eriani2, Aida Fithri2, Amalia Rusdi2, and Hendra Saputra3

1 Master Program of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Indonesia. 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Aceh, Indonesia. 3 Animal Husbandry Office of Aceh Province, Indonesia

Abstract. The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of flamboyant flower extract as a natural antioxidant on sperm quality of Aceh cattle after dilution and equilibration. Fresh semen was collected from 2 healthy bull aged 3.5-4 years old. The research took place in BIB Laboratory. The method used was CRD (Completed Randomized Design), with 6 treatments and 5 replications each The treatments (m/v) were 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of flamboyant flower extracts. The method used was CRD (Completed Randomized Design), with 6 treatments and 5 replications each. The treatments (m/v) were 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of flamboyant flower extracts. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Parameters evaluated in this study were motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and abnormality. Results showed that there was an insignificant effect (p˃0.05) of flamboyant flower extract on the quality of Aceh cattle spermatozoa. The best percentage of motility and viability, 80.0% and 88.4%, respectively, were found at P3 (0.15% flamboyant flower extract). In can be concluded from the research that the addition of 0.15% (m/v) D. regia flower extract was able to maintain sperm quality of Aceh cattle to be used in the artificial insemination program.

Keywords: flamboyant flower extract, Aceh cattle, motility, viability.

1 Introduction

Aceh cattle (Bos taurus indicus) is one of beef cattle that is scattered in Aceh province [1]. Aceh cattle were able to be adapted well to the restrictiveness of the environment [2]. Aceh cattle have a small size of body and solid, auburn and sorrel fur, it can bear breed every year and it had a perfect reproduction system3. Besides, ox's weight is around 450-600 kg [4]. Aceh cattle had an important role in the fulfillment of beef in that province. Besides, Aceh cattle also had a significant contribution to the economic, social and cultural life of the local community [30]. Based on the superiority, Aceh breeder chose to maintain Aceh cattle to increase the local economic [5]. According to Decree of the Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia Number: 2907/Kpts/OT.140/6/2011 11th June 2011, Aceh cattle had been appointed as one of local beef breed germ plasma and the wealth of animal genetic resources in Indonesia that needs to be protected and preserved [1]. Currently, it is reported that the quality of semen after thawing is increased. However, spermatozoa which are damaged during the cryopreservation process and thawing reached 50,00%, until caused decreasing in fertilization [6]. However, the cryopreservation process

on Aceh cattle is often got obstacles, such as finite dilution which is able to protect spermatozoa quality until the freezing process and minimize the lowering quality of spermatozoa during the freezing process [5,7].

The use of nature dilution has been widely carried out, including using the extract of dragon fruit, carrot extract, and tomato extract, though, did not obtain yet the motility rate of freezing Aceh cattle above 40% [31]. Commercial diluent such as Andromed is often used in process of cattle freezing. It was known that this diluent is easy to use because it is available in a package that ready to use, has the patent and contains substances that are needed in semen cryopreservation. Yet, this process had the obstacles which influenced the process run well. One of the obstacles is the cost of dilution is expensive and difficult to find it in a certain time. The more economical dilution substance could obtain from tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, it had the capability in increasing motility and viability of spermatozoa, which had used on Simmental cattle [8], and Limousin cattle [32]. Furthermore, diluent tris had a role as a prop in protecting and maintaining the quality of spermatozoa [33].

Tris dilution was combined with egg yolk was reported that it had a good quality of dilution, such as on the sperm of the coastal ox [8,9]. Therefore, the

© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

E3S Web of Conferences 151, 01044 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/2020151010441st ICVAES 2019

alternative is to use tris egg yolk thinner whose composition is almost the same as the andromed thinner. Besides, the selection of diluent that suitable, the success of sperm freezing is also influenced by processing, semen conservation and also the quality of sperm after freezing [10]. Generally, it was reported the success semen after freezing on cattle Po 48,14% [27]; Bali cattle 51,36% [11]; Aceh cattle 45,22%5 and 36,4% [12]. Some of that report can be seen the percentage of freezing Aceh cattle is easier so that it is needed to research media of diluent for maintaining the sperm quality for increasing the quality of genetic to support local economies.

The dilution process is important to do because the efficiency in utilization ejaculate sperm that spermatozoa concentration reached billions in once ejaculate. Thus, it was needed dilution media which was able to maintain the quality of sperm as the quality of natural semen. The diluent process was not suitable for natural semen can cause damage to sperm, so that improved fertility capacity. Many efforts are done to improve semen quality, one of them by adding antioxidants into dilution of tris egg yolk. All the time, the using antioxidant to keep semen quality which was reported, including additional vitamin C on rabbit semen [13]; extract dragon fruit on aceh cattle [14]; extract guava on freeze semen of bali cattle [15], and extract moringa leaf on the wild ox of Java [16]. Antioxidant synthetic like β carotene is able to play a role in maintaining motility and vitality of spermatozoa Bali cattle [17]. The price of β commercial carotene is more expensive, it is no easy to gain at a certain time. The utilization of natural antioxidant which exists in the air, it was expected to maintain motility of spermatozoa.

One of the plants that had potential in producing antioxidant is flamboyant flower (Delonix regia), besides produced carotenoid, it also produced saponin, anthocyanin, alkaloid, flavonoid, and tannin [18,19]. Play a role to impede oxidize lipid to bring back cell integrates and improved viability so that sperm motility sperm still keep after preservation [20]. The utilization of flamboyant flower as an antioxidant on extender tris egg yolk during process freezing of semen Aceh cattle. Based on the explanation above, hence it needs to do research towards potential extract flamboyant flower Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. to improved spermatozoa quality of Aceh cattle after adding dilution. 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Experimental design The Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments and five replications was used in this study. The tested treatment is: P0 = 0%, 0,002% β karoten, 0,05%, 0,10%, 0,15% and 0,20% flamboyant flower extract. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued by Duncan's multiple. The treatment test is the difference of concentration flamboyant flower extract (D. Regia) in sperm dilution. Those treatments were 0%, 0,05%, 0,10%, 0,15% dan

0,20%. The thinner used is tris egg yolk [21]. and cryoprotectant used is glycerol 7,00% [22]. Besides, to control antioxidant positive used β karoten 0,002 %17. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Artificial Insemination Center (Balai Inseminasi Buatan/BIB) Saree, Aceh Besar District and Brackish Water Aquaculture Center (Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau/BPBAP) Ujung Batee, Aceh Besar. 2.2 Sample Preparation The research objects were two aceh oxen. Its weight is 350 kg and already trained for keeping semen by professionals of BIB Saree to be able to do the breeding process in a crowded environment. Besides, the aceh cattle are also trained to use artificial vagina in temperature 40-42°C [23] with the help of a breeder cow when the process of semen keeping. 2.3 Manufacturing of Flamboyant Flower Extract and Yolk Dilution Manufacturing of flamboyant flower extract used the maceration method which is guided by the combination method of Fitriana and Pasaribu [24,25]. Sample of flamboyant flower Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. used is part of petal which is dried on room temperature. Production of tris egg yolk diluent solution is guided by combination research of Dwitya [26]. 2.4 Semen collection The collection of semen from two Aceh cattle (seulawah and panglima type) by the help of ox stimulus [23]. The collection of sperm was in the morning (08.30 a.m.-09 p.m.) on twice ejaculation for each collection. Then, semen was collected by using an artificial vagina which is filled up warm water and is smeared vaseline, next at the end of the artificial vagina was inserted a collection tube and put into a sarong so that it does not tumble [26]. 2.5 Evaluation of fresh semen Semen which had been collected was evaluated macroscopically (color, smell, pH, consistency, and volume) and evaluated microscopically, it is mass movement (++) and (+++)27, motility percentage (≥70%), spermatozoa concentration ≥ 800 million cell/ml, spermatozoa viability (%) and secondary abnormality of spermatozoa (<20%) [27]. 2.6 Dilution and additional of antioxidant The diluent material and antioxidant were prepared in the laboratory before collected semen. Fresh semen was evaluated and adequate for cryopreservation was moved into diluent solution of tris egg yolk in accordance treatment i.e. P0, P0+, P1, P2, P3, P4 by adding cryoprotectant glycerol (7,00%) [22], and antioxidant of extract flamboyant flower (previous research) by modified it is P0 = 0% extract flamboyant flower, P1= 0,05% extract flamboyant flower, P2 = 0,10% extract

2


flamboyant flower, P3 = 0,15% extract flamboyant flower, and P4 = 0,20% extract flamboyant flower per 100 ml diluent). Meanwhile, to control positive (P0+) used synthetic antioxidant; karoten = 0,002% [17]. Dilution (0,5ml) is filled up into the tube, mixed fresh semen then evaluated as dilution data. 2.7 Semen collection The first equilibration process occurred when semen was diluted into an extender solution. Then, semen which was diluted is packed up into a microcentrifuge tube, re-equilibrated in the refrigerator with a temperature around 5oC [27] for 3 hours. After the equilibration process, semen was moved into the freezer of the refrigerator (-20oC) for 15 minutes28 and it was evaluated as data equilibration. 3 Results and Discussion The average semen quality aceh cattle showed that semen quality can be processed to the next step to process dilution and equilibration (Table1).

Table 1. Data evaluation quality of fresh semen of aceh cattle (five replications)

The motility of fresh spermatozoa was also

categorized (Table 1). Progressive spermatozoa after ejaculation largely determine success in fertilization. The percentage of viability of fresh sperm is higher than motility, it is suspected that not all viability moves progressively so that the motility is lower. The motility percentage was lower than the viability percentage, due to the fact that spermatozoa that were not progressively motile were still alive and thus were not exposed at the time of fixation. The observation of fresh spermatozoa abnormalities in this study is 9%. The percentage of abnormality obtained is below 20%, so it is categorized as good quality aceh cattle semen [23].

The percentage of motility at the dilution phase > 70% which showed the addition of flamboyant flower extracts in the egg yolk tris extender has the same potential as beta carotene in protecting sperm. Based on statistical tests on all treatments did not have a significant effect (P> 0.05) on the percentage of the spermatozoa motility of aceh cattle. The results of the motility of adding flamboyant flower extract to P3

(0.15%) at the dilution stage have the same value as the positive control treatment (P0+). beta carotene 0.002%. The addition of flamboyant flower extract (0.15%) and β carotene (0.002%) produced the highest value than P0, P1, P2, and P4. The addition of β carotene by 0.002% to buffalo sperm gets better results than controls [17]. Table 2. Percentage of sperm quality of aceh cattle after approved concentration of flamboyant flower extract after dilution

Notes: The mean values with different superscripts in the same column differ p (<0.05) significantly. P0, P0+, P1, P2, P3 and P4 = 0%, 0,002% (β caroten), 0,05%, 0,10%, 0,15%, 0,20% flamboyant flower extract (five replications).

The percentage of the whole plasma membrane (MPU) in the dilution phase is not much different from the percentage of viability. This statement is in accordance with Surachman [29], metabolism that works well if the plasma membrane is intact. The best percentage at phase P1 used the yolk tris extender combined with 0.05% flamboyant flower extract. It is known that the egg yolk tris containing lecithin and cholesterol work together with antioxidants in preventing damage to the spermatozoa plasma membrane during freezing21. The addition of appropriate antioxidants plays an important role in maintaining the spermatozoa membrane in the dilution process. The percentage of motility at the equilibration stage is still high, but lower than the dilution stage. It is suspected that at this stage the temperature used is 5oC so that it might be able to affect the movement of sperm. The percentage of sperm motility at the best equilibration stage is the addition of flamboyant flower extract (0.10%) is 71.00%. This shows that the addition of flamboyant flower extract (0.10%) to the egg yolk tris extender can maintain sperm motility almost the same as the addition of 0.002% beta carotene. The percentage of spermatozoa viability after equilibration is highly dependent on the dilution content and integrity of the spermatozoa membrane. Decreased sperm viability during the equilibration process greatly affects temperature, diluent content and equilibration time [28]. Nutrient content in extender is needed by sperm to adapt to cold temperatures. Explained that extenders around spermatozoa have the ability to protect spermatozoa in the equilibration process9. Based on the results of equilibration, spermatozoa are able to adapt to

Parameter Results

Macroscopic : Volume (ml) 5,62 ± 1,10 Smell Putrid (specific) Colour Milk Consistency Mediumtothick Ph 6,80 ± 0,44 Microscopic : Motility (%) 81% ± 4,18 Massa movement +++ Concentration (106/ml) 1.337 x 106 ±86,20 Spermatozoa alive (%) 86,20% ± 1,89 Abnormalities (%) 9,00% ± 1,00

D. regia Concentr

ation

Sperm motility

(%)

Sperm viability

(%)

MPU (%) Abnormality

P0 73,0 ± 2,73bc

80,1 ± 4,39a 82,5 ± 3,04a 14,1 ± 2,74a

P0+ 75,0 ± 3,53c

82,8 ± 1,03a 82,5 ± 3,02a 12,4 ± 1,51a

P1 70,0 ± 6,12bc

83,8 ± 1,92a 81,9 ± 2,88a 13,2 ± 2,38a

P2 71,0 ± 2,23bc

82,8 ± 0,82a 81,8 ± 2,77a 14,5 ± 2,06a

P3 70,0 ± 3,53bc

82,2 ± 2,22a 81,8 ± 2,77a 14,5 ± 1,32a

P4 68,0 ± 4,47a

81,4 ± 4,02a 82,3 ± 3,65a 15,2 ± 1,03a

3


the extender before the freezing process, but the death of sperm cells and the effect of cold shock at this stage will occur with a degree of decrease in temperature. Table 3. Percentage of sperm quality of aceh cattle after the approved concentration of flamboyant flower extract after equilibration.

Note :The mean values with different superscripts in the same column differ p (<0.05) significantly. P0, P0+, P1, P2, P3 and P4 = 0%, 0,002% (β caroten), 0,05%, 0,10%, 0,15%, 0,20% flamboyant flower extract (five replications). The results of the evaluation of the percentage of MPU at the equilibration stage based on the results of statistical tests were not significantly different in all treatments. The decrease in MPU percentage at the equilibration stage with the addition of a flamboyant flower extract dose is thought to be due to a change in polarity on the extender that affects the stability of the membrane resulting in high mortality in spermatozoa. Spermatozoa have an intact plasma membrane, their tails curl upward and their heads bulge. This is caused because when exposed to a hypoosmotic solution the liquid from the outside environment will enter the sperm cell. The highest MPU percentages in this study were P0+ and P0 (82.5%), P4 (82.3%), P1 (81.9%), P2 and P3 (81.8%). Sperm abnormalities at the equilibration stage based on statistical tests were not significantly different in each treatment. In general, the percentage of abnormalities obtained at this stage is an increase due to a decrease in temperature, but still within normal limits. According to (Figure 1), Abnormality which appears is a minor abnormality such as up circle tail, only tail, only head, and birds tail.

Figure 1. Abnormal spermatozoa of cattle aceh: a. head arrow (convolve tail and short eye), b. Arrow (small head), c. head arrow (only head), d. arrow (double head), e. Head of the arrow (stuck head), f. Head of the arrow (only tail) 4 Conclusion The addition of the flamboyant flower extract gave a positive effect on sperm quality after dilution which included motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and sperm abnormality. The optimum concentration of flamboyant flower extracts for aceh cattle sperm was 0.15%. Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Kemenristekdikti through Master Thesis Research Grant (Contract Number:099/SP2H/LT/DPRM/2019). Therefore, the authors thank the Kemenristekdikti for financial support. Also thanks to Aceh Husbandary Office who gave valuable contribution to this research.

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D. regia Concentr

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Sperm viability

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MPU (%) Abnormality

P0 73,0 ± 2,73bc

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P0+ 75,0 ± 3,53c

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P3 70,0 ± 3,53bc

82,2 ± 2,22a 81,8 ± 2,77a 14,5 ± 1,32a

P4 68,0 ± 4,47a

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4


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