EA and IT Infrastructure - 1© Minder Chen, 1995-2014 Enterprise Architecture, IT Infrastructure,...

EA and IT Infrastructure - 1 © Minder Chen, 1995-2014

Enterprise Architecture, IT Infrastructure, and

Cloud Computing

Minder Chen, Ph.D.CSU Channel Islands

Martin V. Smith School of Business and [email protected]


Big Picture

Business Strategy

Business Processes

IT Strategy

Business Capabilities

IT Solutions

Approach:

Cost/Value Analysis

Focus: Governance Portfolio Architecture Sourcing

Need: Resilience, Flexibility, Opportunism

Drivers: People, Process, Information, Relationships

Focus: “Processized” Analysis – Vocabulary Metrics

Context


Zackman Framework

Source: http://www.zifa.com/framework.pdf


Heat Map


IT Infrastructure

• “The hardware, software, and telecommunication/ networking systems or equipment together provide the underlying foundation to support the organization’s goals.”



Web-based IT Infrastructure

HTTP

TCP/IP

WWW

Internet Run dynamicbusiness logic components

Software Applications

DBMS

Browsers

UserInterface

DataProcess

App.

Firew

all

3 (N)-Tier Application Architecture


Stages in IT Infrastructure Evolution

Mainframe/Mini Computers

Personal Computer

Client/Sever Computing

Web-based enterprise applications

Cloud Computing/mobile device BYOD (Bring Your Own Devices)


The Network Is the Computer

• "Sun has always been very early, and often way too early with a lot of our ideas.

• For example, in the '80s we were preaching that the network is the computer.

• Shame on us for not summing it up in one word – cloud.“

– Scott McNealy


On the Cloud

• The cloud symbol is often used as a notation as a network in the a system architecture diagram.


# of Data Centers in America?

7,0007,000Economist Survey on IT, 2008Economist Survey on IT, 2008

Virtualization


% of Utilized Server Capacity

on Average?

6%6%IDC, 2008IDC, 2008

Service Utilization


Over Provisioning = Waste

Demand

Capacity

Time13


Without Virtualization

• All require same power

• All emit same heat

• All require physical space

• Setup, (re-)configuration

• Maintenance, support…


With Virtualization

Flexibility

Rapid provisioning

Disaster Recovery

High Availability

Automation

Systems Management integration

Adaptive Datacenter


Definition of Cloud Computing

• The NIST definition of cloud computing:

Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

• The ability for end users to utilize parts of bulk resources and that these resources.


Characteristics of Cloud Services

NIST identifies several characteristics for a service to be considered “Cloud”:

• On-demand self-service: The ability for an end user to sign up and receive services without the long delays that have characterized traditional IT.

• Broad network access: Ability to access the service via standard platforms (desktop, laptop, mobile etc).

• Resource pooling: Resources are pooled across multiple customers.

• Rapid elasticity: Capability can scale to cope with demand peaks.

• Measured Service: Billing is metered and delivered as a utility service can be acquired quickly and easily.

http://resources.idgenterprise.com/original/AST-0032300_Understanding_the_Cloud_Computing_Stack.pdf


Platform Continuum

• Bring your own machines, connectivity, software, etc.

• Complete control• Complete

responsibility• Static capabilities• Upfront capital costs

for the infrastructure

• Renting machines, connectivity, software

• Less control• Fewer

responsibilities• Lower capital costs • More flexible• Pay for fixed

capacity, even if idle

• Shared, multi-tenant infrastructure

• Virtualized & dynamic• Scalable & available• Abstracted from the

infrastructure• Higher-level services• Pay as you go

On-PremisesServers

Hosted

Servers

Cloud Platform


Deployment Models: Cloud Computing

• Private cloud, Community cloud, Public cloud, Hybrid cloud

Source: http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-145/SP800-145.pdf


http://aws.amazon.com/

http://www.salesforce.com/

PaaS

Software as a service (SaaS)

Google AppEngine

Amazon's EC2 (Elastic Compute Cloud)

Fulfilled by Amazon


Cloud-based Storages/Apps

• DropBox

• Google’s GoogleDocs

• Microsoft SkyDrive

• Amazon Cloud Drive

• Apple’s iCloud


Fulfilled By Amazon

Source:

•http://services.amazon.com/fulfillment-by-amazon/how-it-works.htm

•http://amazongenius.com/fulfillmentbyamazon/


Technology drivers of infrastructure evolution

• Moore’s law and micro-processing power Computing power doubles every 2 years Contrary factors: Heat dissipation needs, power

consumption concerns Nanotechnology: May shrink size of transistors to width

of several atoms

• Law of Mass Digital Storage The amount of data being stored each year doubles

• Metcalfe’s Law and network economy Value or power of a network grows exponentially as a

function of the number of network members As network members increase, more people want to use it

(demand for network access increases)

http://www.emc.com/collateral/demos/microsites/idc-digital-universe/iview.htm


Advancing Rates of Technology (Silicon, Storage, Telecom)

Smaller & faster & cheaper


Data Volume 210 =1028


Storage: Falling Costs and Rising Investment

http://www.emc.com/collateral/about/news/idc-emc-digital-universe-2011-infographic.pdf



Backup Slides


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