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Laurie Stepanek Nebraska Forest Service EAB: Biology and Identification Nebraska Forest Service
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
EAB:Biology and Identification
NebraskaForest
Service
Penn. Dept ofConserv. & NRBugwood.org
Penn. Dept ofConserv. & NR
Bugwood.org
Agrilus species
Emerald ash borer Bronze birch
borer Two-lined chestnut borer
Green
White
Some native ash speciesFraxinus spp.
Black
Blue
Velvet
Pumpkin
Marshall’s SeedlessPatmore
Autumn Purple
(cultivars)
Oregon
California
Texas
Carolina
Mexican
Chihuahuan
Green > White, Black > Blue
Susceptibility
Kathleen KnightUS Forest Service
Kathleen KnightUS Forest Service
Lingering ash
Not true ash species
Wafer-ashWater-ashHoptree
Ptelea spp.
Mountain-ash
Sorbus spp.
EAB: Basic LifecycleEgg
Larva
PupaAdult Debbie MillerUSDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
City of Hamilton, California
David CappaertMichigan State Univ, Bugwood.org
Houping LiuMichigan State University
Bugwood.org
David CappaertMichigan State Univ.
Bugwood.orgDebbie MillerUS Forest ServiceBugwood.org
Joseph O’BrienUS Forest Service
Bugwood.org
Adult emergence in spring
D-shaped exit holes
University of Illinois
David CappaertMichigan State Univ.
Bugwood.org
Adult emergence begins:
> mid-May
> 450-500 degree days
(base temp 50o F)
Leslie J MehrhoffUniv of ConnecticutBugwood.org
Black locust in full bloom
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
Debbie MillerUS Forest ServiceBugwood.org
Maturation feeding: 2 weeks
Females lay 50-90 eggs
On ash bark
Eggs hatch in 1-2 weeks
All photos:Houping LiuMichigan State UniversityBugwood.org
Creamy white larva
“Small tapeworm”
4 stages (instars)
David CappaertMichigan State Univ.
Bugwood.org
Feeds in phloem and outer xylem
Edward CzerwinskiOntario Ministry of Natural ResourcesBugwood.org
Steven KatovichUS Forest ServiceBugwood.org
Sparse foliage
Branch dieback
City of Boulderbouldercolorado.gov
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
epicormic sprouts
Edward CzerwinskiOntario Ministry of Nat. Res.
bugwood.org Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
bark stripping (woodpeckers)
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
University of Illinois
Most suspicious symptoms:
Winding tunnels under bark
D-shaped exit holes
David CappaertMichigan State Univ.
Bugwood.org
1- or 2-year lifecycle
Early-stage infestation
(tree relatively healthy)
Older, established infestation
(tree stressed)
2 years
1 year
Overwinters as a larva
(prepupa)
Pupates in spring
David CappaertMichigan State UnivBugwood.org
David CappaertMichigan State UnivBugwood.org
Pupation: 2-4 weeks
Debbie MillerUS Forest ServiceBugwood.org
Lifecycle complete
Debbie MillerUSDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org
Pause . . .
David CappaertMichigan State UnivBugwood.org
James SolomonUSDA Forest ServiceBugwood.org
Emerald ash borer
Lilac borerLilac-ash borer
Ash borer
beetle(Coleoptera)
moth(Lepidoptera)
Emerald ash borer
Lilac borerLilac-ash borer
Ash borer
David CappaertMichigan State UnivBugwood.org
David CappaertMichigan State Univ
Bugwood.org
flattened (“tapeworm”)no legs
rounded bodylegs present
Emerald ash borer
Lilac borerLilac-ash borer
Ash borer
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
Art WagnerWashington State Dept of Ag
Bugwood.org
tunnels just beneath the bark
tunnels deep into wood
Emerald ash borer
Lilac borerLilac-ash borer
Ash borer
L StepanekNFS Laurie Stepanek
Nebraska Forest Service
D-shape1/8 inch
round1/4 inch
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
L StepanekNFS
L StepanekNFS
James SolomonUSDA Forest Service
Bugwood.org
Flatheaded appletree borer
Carpenterworm
(copyright) Lewis Scharpf
Ash and privet borer Redheaded ash borer
Howard Ensign EvansColorado State UniversityBugwood.org
Joseph BergerBugwood.org
Other borers of ash
EAB & Look-alikes
Susan Ellisbugwood.org
Pennsylvania Dept of Conserv. & Nat. Resourcesbugwood.org
Pennsylvania Dept of Conserv. & Nat. Resources
bugwood.org
University of Illinois
EAB
Dogbane beetle
Tiger beetle
Gold dust buprestid
Leafhopper
Laurie StepanekNebraska Forest Service
Questions?
Nebraska Forest Service
EAB website:
nfs.unl.edu/EAB
