Date post: | 20-Aug-2015 |
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The“VirtuousRepublic”
Classical view of
a model republic
“City on a hill”
[John W
inthrop]Ideal citizen
[Cincinnatus]
1. Govt. gets its authority from the citizens.
2. A selfless, educated citizenry.
3. Elections should be frequent.
4. Govt. should guarantee individual rights & freedoms.
5. Govt.’s power should be limited [checks & balances].
6. The need for a written Constitution.
7. “E Pluribus Unum.” [“Out of many, one”]
8. An important role for women raise good, virtuous citizens.[“Republican Womanhood”].
Enlightenment
Thinking
Slide credit: Susan Pojer Horace Greeley HS
Articles of ConfederationNational Government
War and Defense• Power to declare
war• Make peace• Sign treaties
Finance• Borrow $$$• Set $$$ standards• Est. postal service
Nat. Am.• Negotiate with • Defend
against
Articles of Confederation
Strong points• First Constitution-
set in motion a nat’l gov’t
• Pwr to the states (debatable)
• Gov’t closer to the ppl
Weak points• Could not tax• No regulation of
interstate trade • Unanimous
consent required in order to make changes
Adam Smith
• Wealth of Nations• Argued that social order and progress were
the natural result of individualism and self-interest
John Dickinson
• Known for his stance prior to the War of Independence and writing Letters From a Farmer in Pennsylvania
• Believed that a republic required virtuous people
Differences on the meaning of republicanism
John Dickinson• The new gov’t
could only succeed if people placed the good of the nation above their personal interests
Adam Smith• If a gov’t allowed
independent citizens to pursue their own economic and political interests the whole nation would benefit
Constitutional ConventionFair representation
slavery
Auth. Of Nat’l gov’t
Rel. b/w St. & Nat’l
Issues Debated
Great Compromise HUSp.142AP186
3/5ths Compromise HUSp142AP188
3 branch gov’t & checks and balances
Two plans proposed
James Madison: VA Plan
• More pwr to st w/ lg pops• Bicameral (2 house)• Membership based on
pop.• Voters elect to lower
house and who would elect members to the upper
William Patterson: NJ Plan
• Better for smaller states
• Single house congress (unicameral)
• Ea state having an equal vote
The Great Compromise
• Proposed by Roger Sherman–2 house Congress–Equal representation in the Senate
(each state getting 2 reps)–Lower house (H. of Reps)
representation based population
Federalists
PPL • George Washington• James Madison
Grps • Merchants, skilled wrkrs, and laborers
Goals/ideas• Gov’t w/ strong central authority• Protection of division of pwr• Checks and balances
Anti-Federalists
PPL• Patrick Henry• Samuel Adams• Richard Henry Lee
Grps • Rural citizens, large states, states w/ a strong ec
Goals/ideas
• Centralized authority could lead to abuses of pwr
• Country is too large to be under single gov’t authority
• Req. a Bill of Rights in order to support Const.