East Asia in WHAP

China figures in prominently but so does Korea and Japan…May the

Fourth be with you!!!!!

Free Response?

• 2002 CCOT Global Trade patterns, Comparing Japanese industrialism

• 2003 Women 1750-1914• 2004 DBQ spread of Buddhism, Comp impacts Post WWI• 2006 DBQ silver trade(Ming) CCOT 100C.E-600 C.E, COMP land

redistribution China 1911 to Mexico or Russia• 2007 DBQ Han and Rome technology• 2009 CCOT Silk routes 200 B.C.E-1450 C.E• 2010 Comp Han imperial admin to Rome or India• 2011 CCOT long distance migration 1700-1900 (coolies

anyone?)

Pretty girls Hate China?

The Mandate of Heaven governed the relationship between the ruler and the ruled in

a) Chinab) Japanc) Franced) Ghanae) Russia

Zhou begins the process of rise and fall

• A ok, really easy, this will help if you know the Chinese Dynasty some and what makes for a new/strong dynasty (redistribution of land, restoration of peace, rebuilding infrastructure) and what contributes to the decline and fall (corruption of government officials, nomadic barbarians to the north, natural disasters, decaying infrastructure) and BOOM!!! New dynasty. Not quite that smooth but good enough.

Ethnocentric middle kingdom

• Ok, this is easyA characteristic that the Shang Chinese shared with Egyptian civilization was

the

a) Principle of the mandate of heavenb) Lack of a social hierarchyc) Development of a writing systemd) Ancestor worshipe) Development of walled settlements to defend against invaders.

It’s the oracle bones which gave it away diving future events and killing those poor tortoise…I like turtles

Classical time

Which of the following is true of both the Han Empire and the Gupta Empire?

a) Both empires had long-established traditions of dynastic rule.

b) Both were overrun by Germanic tribes in their declining years.

c) Both empires were characterized by religious unity.d) Both saw a number of technological advancese) Both chose administrators on the basis of extensive

examination systems.

Great advances made them classical

• D technologies for the Han included paper making, sericulture (silk) , wheelbarrow, bronze, seismograph, and calligraphy just to name a few. Civil service and the emphasis on Confucian advancements would contribute to this

Ah Confucius, you’re a sexy teacher

All of the following were part of the Confucian social order except

a) Loyalty to the rulerb) Filial obedience to one’s fatherc) Respect for the oldd) Chastity by wivese) Chastity by husbands.

You think this Patriarchy would keep men from smushing?

• E . “ A Woman talking is like a hen crowing” this institution prized women as dutiful daughters, obedient wives and giving mothers. This philosophy will guide the civil service exam and provide essential glue to hold Chinese societies together for over 3500 years.

More Confucianism

• Confucianism encourages its followers to:• (A) Learn from foreigners better ways to excel• (B) Believe that their rulers were not in any

way divine• (C) Seek principles of science• (D) Follow ethical rules that promoted

harmony and order•

D follow those ethical rules

• Social harmony is what Confucius was looking for and will remain an important philosophy throughout dynastic China even reinforcing the Mandate of Heaven

Ah, Confucius, you’re a sexy teacher

All of the following were part of the Confucian social order except

a) Loyalty to the rulerb) Filial obedience to one’s fatherc) Respect for the oldd) Chastity by wivese) Chastity by husbands

E chastity by husbands

• Men were supposed to be just and noble toward their wife but never chaste. It was the woman’s job (according to the 5 relationships) to be loyal and chaste

Another double shot: Core Curriculum style

“‘I cannot make a tree grow or flourish’ [said the gardener]…‘All I do is avoid hindering a tree’s growth – I have no power to make it grow.’ ‘Would it be possible to apply this philosophy of yours to the art of government?’ asked the questioner. ‘My only art is the growing of trees,’ said [the gardener]. ‘Government is not my business.’”~ Liu Zongyuan, Chinese scholar-official, circa 800 C.E.

. The ideas expressed in the passage were most strongly influenced by which of the following?(A) Buddhism(B) Confucianism(C) Daoism(D) Environmentalism 54. A historian of Tang China (618-907 C.E.) would probably find the passage of Liu Zongyuan most useful as a source of information about which of the following?(A) Levels of taxation(B) The main cause of peasant unrest(C) Ideas about proper governance(D) Agricultural productivity in ancient Greece

C.Daoism and C. proper governance

• Peasants in China were quite often Taoist wo worked in peace and harmony with the environment. This worked best for government officials (who were usually Confucianist)to prevent rebellions. Although when forced with loss of land due to overtaxation, even a Taoist might rebel (Yellow Turban Rebellion)

Confucius Say…

“He (the superior man) does not mind not being office; all that he minds about is whether he has qualities that entitle him to office. He does not mind failing to get recognition; he is too busy doing the things that entitle him to recognition.” (Analects IV.14)

The above quote from the Confucian Analects stresses the idea thatA. The emperor is close to the gods and should be treated as such.B. Proper behavior and respect for parents must always be considered.C. The real leader focuses on work, rather than recognition.D. A superior man always receives praise for a job well done.E. Recognition comes and goes, but a superior man always has his family.

C. Focus on your work not recognition

• The ideal of virtuous work as illustrated by the meritocracy was the ethic of hard works’ value is in the job itself and not the adulation which it brings. It reinforces the knowledge of one’s role and emphasizes efficiency where productivity is at a premium (get ‘er done!!!)

Fall of the Classics

The lessons of the late Han China and the late Roman empires are that the decline of a civilization, whether temporary or permanent,

A. is not simply the result of attack by outside invaders.B. follows inevitably from centralized, unrepresentative governmentC. results from undue dependence on slaveryD. results from social rebellion in which the poor attack the rich and tear down their institutionsE. results from a lack of religious conviction

There’s never just one reason for anything… you know that!!!

• A there are no simple reasons for the decline and fall of any empire during any time. Remember the rule of Empire … theres always someone bigger and badder, always someone who wants it more and always someone who will wait in the wings for you to overextend your territorial boundaries, overtax the peasantry, fail to keep up with technology, abuse your authority for your own selfish desire.

Sociologists maintain that there are no atheist in foxholes

• Which of the following belief systems emerged from political disorder, did not worship a deity, and remained primarily regional beliefs?

A. Buddhism and Confucianism.B. Buddhism and Hinduism.C. Confucianism and Islam.D. Judaism and Islam.E. Confucianism and Daoism.

A Confucianism and Buddhism

• During times of chaos (Confucianism in Zhou Dynasty) and upheaval ( Buddhism at the end of the Han Dynasty) , religions and philosophies help adherents deal with the bleak outlook the future (in this life) holds and, therefore, need to promise of something better.

Technological Prowess

Which of the following had the greatest manufacturing capacity during the time period 600 to 1450 C.E.?

a) Japanb) Indiac) Chinad) Western Europee) Russia

Tang-Song Dynasties produce

• C is for China which produces paper money, credit and banking . Protoindustrialism and ,of course , that Champa rice so nice you grow it twice leads to advancements which make Chang’ An the first city of over two million… and the Grand Canal connects Yantze and the Yellow

Need to know meritocracy

• Which of the following most often characterizes a meritocracy?

A well-defined tribute system with a method of recordkeepingB Increasing use of civil service exams to fill government positionsC. Clear rules of succession for leadership transitionsD. Establishment and publication of a uniform system of law •

C is for civil service

• The arduous examination in which well qualified bureaucrats passed this rigorous test lasting up to 72 hours in some cases for government employment

Just the Tang-Song Golden Age

• . Which of the following were significant technological innovations of the Tang-Song era?

• (A) Gunpowder and paper• (B) Paper and moveable type• (C) Domed architecture and the use of the

magnetic compass for navigation• (D) The use of the magnetic compass for

navigation and gunpowder

D Compass and Gunpowder

• Perhaps important because of the Sinification of Korea Viet Nam and Japan or perhaps its influence on the rest of the world (especially after Mongol conquest)

Hint-first to have over 2 million inhabitants

• Which of the following civilizations had a capital city that was the largest in the world during the Post-Classical era?

• (A) Tang China• (B) The Delhi Sultanate• (C) France• (D) England

A Tang China

• Chang ‘An was the capital city which served as the Eastern terminus of the Silk Route, In addition, the Grand canal and addition of Champa rise would create a population boom

Trading time

• Which of the following correctly matches the product with its origin and its destination?

• • Products Traded Over the Silk Roads• • Product Origin Destination• • (A) Porcelain India China• (B) Silk Rome China• (C) Pepper Rome India• (D) Horse Central Asia China

D Central Asian horses of course

• First domesticated on the Steppes of Central Asia, the horse was a significant commodity traded to China for agricultural products across the silk routes to nomads.

… and now Japan

The term “samurai” describes men in feudal Japan who were most like the men in feudal Europe known as:

a) Lords of the manorb) Catholic bishopsc) Serfsd) Knightse) Merchants

Feudal Japan happens after Nara and Heian periods

• Japan models after the Tang Dynasty (Zen Buddhism, 17 article constitution, Court dress, etc) but due to geography, court corruption (see Tales of the Genjii)and just the overall decentralized brolicism of the Bakufu warlord families, the Gampei Wars lead to the rise of the Shoguns.

Think about that last slide

• When the emperor moved his government from Nara to Heian (Eighth Century C.E.),

• (A) Shintoism was formally suppressed.• (B) Buddhism ceased to play a major role in Japanese

society.• (C) The scholar-gentry was able to assert itself through the

examination system.• (D) Buddhism was formally suppressed.• (E) The aristocracy took over most of the positions of the

central government.•

E. Aristocracy took over most of central government

• Aristocracy=land owners= feudal arrangements of land for military protection and loyalty and service. This became known as bakufu or military shogunates

Don’t forget the Mongols

• The Mongol conquests of much of Eurasia in the thirteenth century tended to encourage trade along the Silk Roads primarily by

• (A) opening large new markets for both European and East Asian goods in Central Asia

• (B) increasing the demand for military supplies needed by the Mongol armies that occupied various regions

• (C) decreasing the risk of bandit attacks and reducing the number of local rulers collecting tribute from trade caravans

• (D) discouraging seaborne trade along the Indian Ocean routes that competed with the Silk Roads

C Keeping it safe for Ibn and Marco

• The tribute exacted by the Mongol Empire fostered the Pax Mongolica establishing connections across the trade networks and enabling trade of gunpowder weaponry, inspiring a resurgent European trade and spreading the black plague

More Mongols in Yuan

• The MongolsA. Failed in their campaign against Southwest Asian territories.B. Brought foreign administrators into China.C. Expanded their rule into Japan in the thirteenth century.D. Persecuted Christians within their empire.E. Encouraged intermarriage between themselves and the Chinese.•

B The first foreign rulers

• Certainly not the last (the Manchu will later rule the Qing Dynasty). The Mongols under Kublai Khan’s Yuan Dynasty will lower the status of ethnically Han Chinese and open up China’s silk route to visitors.

Onto the Ming( end of post-classical)

Which of the following contributed to the Chinese government’s decision to stop voyages of exploration in the Indian Ocean in the early fifteenth century?

a) Armed resistance from Arab naviesb) Lack of sufficient Chinese goods for tradec) The destruction of the Chinese fleet by typhoons.d) Government concern with domestic problems and

frontier securitye) Fear of the spread of the plague to China

Get your mandate on

• D… Confucianism and the Mandate of Heaven maintain that a government must provide for the needs of its own populace and not expand its maritime contacts by some Muslim Eunuch who brings back giraffes and zebras jeeez!!! (say it in Napoleon Dynamiteis voice and its kinda funny)

It started in the Song Dynasty

• The adoption of Neoconfucianism by the Ming dynasty during the fourteenth century was primarily motivated by the

A. Rejection of traditional Chinese thinkersB. Need for competent government administratorsC. Desire to continue Mongol practices in ChinaD. Arrival of Jesuit missionaries in ChinaE. Goal of becoming a sea-based empire•

B need for competent government

• The traditional emphasis on the 5 relationships, Confucius’ teachings (Analects) on serving others, industrious work ethics, moral virtue would be emphasized time and again throughout various Chinese Dynasties.

All for the cost of beauty

In the nineteenth century, women’s use of bound feet (China), white face paint (Japan), and corsets (Western Europe) are examples of which of the following?

a) Practices that inhibit female activitiesb) The beauty of middle-class womenc) Fashions that spread worldwided) The middle class’ setting the fashion for womene) Women’s participation in the workforce

So you think you’ve come a long way baby

• A- yea, these practices inhibited (limited) female activities along with other patriarchal methods like Sati, veiling, denying education, denying suffrage, compulsory abortion (one-child policy) and your frequent go make me a sandwhich comments. The glass ceiling still exists and maybe we need another May Fourth movement

Japan bests China 1750-1900

Which of the following best explains why Japan was more successful than China in resisting imperialist encroachments in the nineteenth century?

a) Japan’s manipulation of the rivalries among western governments

b) The introduction of democracy by the Meiji Restoration

c) The willingness of Japan’s elite to sponsor reformd) Lack of interest in Japanese marketse) Abundant natural resources

Zaibatsu to the rescue

• C Japanese elite under Mejii reforms would industrialize based on the Western model while maintaining that traditional work ethic to fast forward Japan as a powerhouse defeating China in the Sin-Japanses Wars (1898) and then pulling the ultimate upset defeating Russia in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)

20th Century China: End of the Dynasties?

Mao Zedong and Mohandas Gandhi both appealed to which of the following as a base of support?

a) Warlords, wealthy landowners, and merchantsb) Westernized elitesc) Traditional rulersd) Peasantse) Urban factory workers

Maoism not Taoism: Not the proletariat, the peasants

• D both Ghandi and Mao utilized the masses of humanity to inspire revolution. Ghandi’s was peaceful, Mao killed tens of millions. Mao Zedog’s “long march” to the North during Japanese imperialism shielded the Communist who would strike back in 1949 and accuse the sparrows of being lazy, take a great leap forward(more backward) and culturally revolt much of traditional China