Ecological Practices

RAINWATER HARVESTING - STORAGE

PARADOX ?

Rainwater harvesting components:

1) Catchment

2) Conveyance

3) Filtration

4) Storage

5) Recharge

<<< The saree is the

Catchment, conveyance

And filter !!!!!!

The collection and storage of rain for future productive use

MONTH DAYS QUANTITY (mm)

JAN 0.2 2.70

FEB 0.5 7.20

MAR 0.4 4.40

APR 3.0 46.30

MAY 7.0 119.60

JUN 6.4 80.80

JUL 8.3 110.20

AUG 10.0 137.00

SEP 9.3 194.80

OCT 9.0 180.40

NOV 4.0 64.50

DEC 1.7 22.10

TOTAL 59.8 970.00

Rainfall pattern in Bangalore30 years data

How much water can I harvest

Plot Size Area(sqm) Avg 30mm rain runoff (KL)

Annual 970mm rain runoff (KL)

No of days of use

30ft x 40ft 110 3 96 142

60ft x 40ft 220 6 192 285

50ft x 80ft 367 10 321 475 Assumed 5 member families with a daily per capita consumption of 135 litres Assumed only 90% runoff from rooftops

Rain barrel : easiest way to begin rainwater harvesting

First Rain separator and Filtration

Commercial Filters

RAINWATER HARVESTING – GROUND WATER MANAGEMENT

The pit has reach the silt layer

Pit and concrete rings

Placing of the rings

The making of a recharge well

Procedure ….. continued Locate recharge well in the channel or off the

channel Make arrangements to remove silt and leaves

before water enters recharge well Monitor the rate of recharge and decide on the

number of recharge wells necessary for the catchment

34 acres , 400 + plots 100+ Recharge Wells Self Regulation Metering of borewells Block Tariff No private borewells

Locate Recharge Wells / Other appropriate Recharge structures strategically

Drain and Catchment Management

Recharge wells details

Silt and leaves trap in a stormwater drainCovers : grilled or perforated RCC

Direct Borewell Recharge

Should be absolutely sure of

Water quality, water directly

Entering into the aquifer

Aquifer Management

…a source and a sink

GROUNDWATER

Sink

Source

Crystalline

A hydrogeological section: a part of Bengaluru – data derived through a participatory citizen survey

20 years ago

5-10 years ago

2 years ago

WASTE WATER TREATMENT AND REUSE

Waste Water Treatment

The product

Waste Water Reuse

CURRENT Gardening Flushing Construction ?? Industry ??

FUTURE (ALMOST THERE) Lakes ?? - Puttenahalli -> L&T South City Groundwater Recharge ?? Domestic ?? Tzed, Old Airport Road

WHAT IS THE

COST ENERGY REQUIREMENT

TO TAKE WASTE WATER BACK TO ITS

ORIGINAL QUALITY PLACE

Phytorid

MBR – Membrane Bio Reactor

SBT : Soil Bio Technology : Herohalli, Magadi Road + many more

DEMAND MANAGEMENT

Simple Steps Dual Flush/Eco San RO reject Low flow shower heads – kitchen, bathroom Bucket Bath Tippy Tap Kitchen wash water Gardening use

Metering

Metering Source Metering Distribution

Metering ConsumptionMetering Waste

- Water Balance –- Embedded Energy in Water -

Metering a Borewell – Electricity and WaterKnowing your numbers

Every household connection METERED !!!!

Production cost of waterCost component Example expenses Example Sources of data

Cost of maintaining source groundwater management and borewell maintenance

Cost accounting monies spent on these (Bills)

Cost of pumping from source Borewell / well pumping costs Electricity bills

Cost of treating source quality to consumption quality

RO system for TDS management Electricity and “Outsourcing” bills

Cost of distribution pumping and distribution maintenance

Hydro pneumatic pumping, valves, pipes maintenance

Electricity and maintenance bills

Cost of Conveying waste Sanitation pipes maintenance Cost accounting monies spent on these (Bills)

Cost of Waste Water treatment STP running costs Electricity and “Outsourcing” bills

Cost of Treated Waste water disposal

“Pumps to throw it out” / Wells to recharge treated waste water to ground / reuse for gardening

Cost accounting monies spent on these (Bills) and Electricity bills

Ecological Cost of Water : Cost of Returning it to nature at the same quality you extracted it

1. Go to Indiawaterportal.org2. Search for “When Pigs fly : Citizens at the centre of integrated urban water management”3. Download

A. Production cost of water toolB. Ecological framework

Principles for Tariff SettingFinancial sustainability

Cover all operating costs (pumping bills,salaries etc) – assuming equity issues not there

Sinking fund for infrastructure maintenanceWater supply security

Water supply continuity fund (digging new borewells)Ecological security and responsibility

Source management / Sustainability fund (eg: recharge and maintenance of recharge, future investments for reuse etc)

Principles for Tariff SettingDemand Management (most important ?)

Increasing block Tariff Incentivize conservative use of water Penalize wasteful use

Let the Water Bill tell the story – its more than numbers

Demand ManagementControl Lever : Water Tariffs

Don’t bundle Water charges into other charges

A Water Bill can be a communication tool (Make your bill tell the story)

Understand Production cost of water

Can an increasing block tariff be imposed ?

Are there mechanisms to penalise wasteful use

Are there mechanisms to incentivise conservative use

Consumption slab

Tariff

0 – 10 KL Rs 10/-

10 – 20 KL Rs 15/-

20 – 30 KL Rs 25/-

30 – 40 KL Rs 80/-

> 40 KL Rs 120/-

Demand ManagementWater Literate means Water responsible

Engage with the communityCommunicate water issues, get the kids involved

Educate CommunityProvide Data and Information

Voices for Water !!!!

Water Efficient DevicesTaps : Flow rate ? 75lpm or 2 to 10 lpm

Showers : Flow rate ? 30lpm or 10 to 12 lpm (Bucket Bath ?)Water closets : 10/20 litres or 6/3 litre dual flush

Washing m/c : 150 litres or 70-100 litres, Front loading not top loadingBath Tubs : DON’T USE THEM (Bucket Bath ?)

COMMUNICATION

Communication

Estate Manager stories

Estate Manager stories

Borewell stories

Borewell stories

Borewell stories

Well digger stories

Well digger stories

Well digger stories

Citizen Stories

JAKKUR LAKE

Treatment Plant and Jakkur Lake

Treated Wastewater entering the wet Land System of Jakkur Lake

Fisheries

THANK YOU !!