Dr. Yogesh V. UshirM. Pharm (Pharmacognosy), Ph.D.

ECOLOGY AND ENVIROMENT

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Neurons

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ECOLOGYEcology includes the study of interactions organisms have with each other, other organisms, and with abiotic components of their environment. The study of living organisms in the natural environment

How they interact with one another (Biotic factor) How they interact with their nonliving environment (Abiotic factor)

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ECOSYSTEMAn ecosystem is a community of living

organisms called producers, consumers, and decomposers

The study of certain processes that link the living, or biotic, components to the non-living, or abiotic, components 

Ecosystem = Community + Abiotic environment, interacting

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COMPONENT OF ECOSYSTEMBIOTIC

Primary producersHerbivores- Eats only plantsCarnivores- Eats only animalsOmnivores- Eat both plants and animalsDetritivores- Chemically breaks down dead matter

ABIOTICSunlightTemperatureprecipitationWater or moistureSoil or water chemistry (e.g., P, NH4+)

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Processes of Ecosystems

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Thus earth is an open system with respect to energy.

Transform of Energy

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Food chains

TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMSTerrestrial ecosystems

Forest Ecosystems-an abundance of flora, or plants, is seen so they have a big number of organisms which live in relatively small space.

Desert EcosystemGrassland EcosystemMountain Ecosystem

Aquatic EcosystemsMarine Ecosystem-cover around 71% of Earth's

surface and contain 97% of out planet's water. Freshwater Ecosystem-covers only 0.8% of

Earth's surface and contains 0.009% of the total water

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Thank You……27.02.201616 S.M.B.T. College of Pharmacy, Nandi Hills