Economic Survey Summary 2013.doc

7/28/2019 Economic Survey Summary 2013.doc

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/economic-survey-summary-2013doc 1/62

KNEJEION ^[PQK_ 02<0)<>^]L]K EA ]HK KNEJEI_ LJM RPE^RKN]^

Vhock Ojmol&s rknkjt scewmewj os plrtcy reetkm oj kxtkrjlc nlusks# meikston nlusks lrk lcseoipertljt* ]hk strejf pest)aojljnolc)nrosos stoiucus ckm te strejfkr frewth oj 022?)<2 ljm

02<2)<<* Hewkvkr# thk èest te nejsuiptoej# neupckm woth suppcysomk nejstrlojts# ckm tehofhkr ojacltoej* Iejktlry pecony wls tofhtkjkm# kvkj ls kxtkrjlc hklmwojms te frewthojnrklskm* ]hk nejskqukjt scewmewj# kspknolccy oj 02<0)<># hls `kkj lnress thk èlrm# wothje sknter ea thk knejeiy ujlaakntkm* Alccojf slvojfs wotheut l neiikjsurltk alcc oj lffrkfltkojvkstikjt hlvk ckm te l womkjojf nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot (NLM/* Vheckslck pronk ojmkx (VRO/ojacltoej hls `kkj neiojf mewj oj rknkjt iejths* Hewkvkr# aeem ojacltoej# latkr l `roka scewmewj# nejtojuks te `k hofhkr thlj evkrlcc ojacltoej* Fovkj thk hofhkr wkofhtlfk te aeem ojnejsuikr pronk ojmonks (NRO/# NRO ojacltoej hls rkilojkm ncesk te meu`ck mofots* Ljethkrnejskqukjnk ea thk scewmewj hls `kkj cewkr)thlj)tlrfktkm tlx ljm jej)tlx rkvkjuks* Voththk su`somoks òcc# plrtonuclrcy thlt ea pktreckui premunts# ojnrklsojf# thk mljfkr thlt aosnlctlrfkts weucm `k `rklnhkm su`stljtolccy `knlik vkry rklc oj thk nurrkjt yklr* ]hk sotultoejwlrrljtkm urfkjt stkps te rkmunk fevkrjikjt spkjmojf se ls te nejtloj ojacltoej* Lcserkquorkm wkrk stkps te alnocotltk nerperltk ljm ojarlstrunturk ojvkstikjt se ls te klsk suppcy*

^kvkrlc iklsurks ljjeujnkm oj rknkjt iejths lrk loikm lt rksterojf thk aosnlc hklcth ea thkfevkrjikjt ljm shrojdojf thk NLM ls lcse oiprevojf thk frewth rltk* Voth thk fce`lcknejeiy lcse codkcy te rknevkr seikwhlt oj 02<># thksk iklsurks sheucm hkcp oj oiprevojfthk Ojmolj knejeiy&s eutceed aer 02<>)<=*

FPEV]H EA FMR LJM E]HKP ILNPE LFFPKFL]K^

Aeccewojf thk scewmewj ojmunkm `y thk fce`lc aojljnolc nrosos oj 0228)2?# thk Ojmolj knejeiyrkspejmkm strejfcy te aosnlc ljm iejktlry stoiucus ljm lnhokvkm l frewth rltk ea 8*1 pkr nkjtljm ?*> pkr nkjt rkspkntovkcy oj 022?)<2 ljm 02<2)<< (]l`ck <*</* Hewkvkr# woth thk knejeiykxhoòtojf ojacltoejlry tkjmkjnoks# thk Pkskrvk @ljd ea Ojmol (P@O/ stlrtkm rlosojf pecony rltksoj Ilrnh 02<2* Hofh rltks ls wkcc ls pecony nejstrlojts lmvkrskcy oiplntkm ojvkstikjt# ljm ojthk su`skqukjt twe yklrs voz* 02<<)<0 ljm 02<0)<># thk frewth rltk scewkm te 1*0 pkr nkjtljm ;*2 pkr nkjt rkspkntovkcy* Jkvkrthkckss# mkspotk thos scewmewj# thk neipeujm ljjulc

frewth rltk (NLFP/ aer fress meikston premunt (FMR/ lt alnter nest# evkr thk mknlmk kjmojf02<0)<> os 6*? pkr nkjt*

]hk iemkrltoej oj frewth os proilrocy lttroùtl`ck te wkldjkss oj ojmustry (neiprosojf thkiojojf ljm qulrryojf# iljualnturojf# kckntronoty# fls ljm wltkr suppcy# ljm nejstruntoejsknters/# whonh rkfostkrkm l frewth rltk ea ejcy >*; pkr nkjt ljm >*< pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0ljm 02<0)<> rkspkntovkcy* Frewth oj lfronucturk hls lcse `kkj wkld oj 02<0)<># aeccewojfcewkr)thlj)jerilc rlojalcc# kspknolccy oj thk ojotolc phlsks (iejths ea Gujk ljm Gucy/ ea thkseuth)wkst iejseej*

Latkr lnhokvojf meu`ck)mofot frewth nejtojueuscy aer aovk yklrs ljm jlrrewcy iossojf meu`ckmofots oj thk soxth (`ktwkkj 022;)21 ljm 02<2)<</# thk frewth rltk ea thk skrvonks sknter lcse mkncojkm te 8*0 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ljm 1*1 pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<>* Oj 02<<) <0 thk sknterthlt plrtonuclrcy scewkm wothoj thk skrvonks sknter wls ]rlmk# Hetkcs# ljm Pkstlurljts#

]rljspert ljm Neiiujonltoejs# ljm ots frewth aurthkr mkncojkm oj 02<0)<>* Lntovotoks oj thossknter# `kojf aeris ea mkrovkm mkiljm# tkjm te frew lt l scewkr rltk woth thk scewmewj ea knejeion lntovoty oj thk ojmustry ljm lfronucturk sknters*

Vhy hls thk knejeiy scewkm mewj se rlpomcy mkspotk rknevkrojf strejfcy arei thk fce`lcaojljnolc nrosos5 L jui`kr ea alnters lrk rkspejso`ck* Aorst# thk èest te mkiljm fovkj `yiejktlry ljm aosnlc stoiucus aeccewojf thk nrosos wls clrfk* Aojlc nejsuiptoej frkw lt ljlvkrlfk ea evkr 8 pkr nkjt ljjulccy `ktwkkj 022?)<2 ljm 02<<)<0* ]hk rksuct wls strejfojacltoej ljm l pewkrauc iejktlry rkspejsk thlt lcse scewkm nejsuiptoej mkiljm* ^knejm#stlrtojf oj 02<<)<0# nerperltk ljm ojarlstrunturk ojvkstikjt stlrtkm scewojf èth ls l rksuct ea ojvkstikjt èttckjknds ls wkcc ls thk tofhtkr iejktlry pecony* ]hormcy# kvkj ls thkknejeiy scewkm# ot wls hot `y twe lmmotoejlc shends7 l scewojf fce`lc knejeiy# wkofhkm mewj`y thk nrosos oj thk Kure lrkl ljm ujnkrtlojtoks lèut aosnlc pecony oj thk [jotkm ^tltks# ljm lwkld iejseej# lt cklst oj ots ojotolc phlsk*



L^RKN]^ EA FPEV]HOj thk clst mknlmk# frewth hls ojnrklsojfcy neik arei thk skrvonks sknter# whesk nejtroùtoejte evkrlcc frewth ea thk knejeiy hls `kkj 1; pkr nkjt# whock thlt ea thk ojmustry ljmlfronucturk sknters hls `kkj 06 pkr nkjt ljm 8 pkr nkjt rkspkntovkcy* Aofurk <*< shews thknejtroùtoejs ea thksk sknters te thk evkrlcc frewth ea thk knejeiy arei 022>)2= te 02<0)<>* ]hk fkjkrlc plttkrj evkr rknkjt yklrs hls `kkj thlt# oj yklrs ea shlrpcy hofhkr frewth# FMRfrewth lt ilrdkt pronks kxnkkms FMR lt alnter nest ljm thk rkvkrsk os truk oj yklrs ea scewfrewth*



OJQK^]IKJ]

]hk frewth rltk ea thk knejeiy sojnk 022>)2= hls `kkj strejfcy nerrkcltkm wothojvkstikjt rltk* ]hk ojvkstikjt rltk lvkrlfkm >=*; pkr nkjt `ktwkkj 022>)2= ljm 02<<)<0#

jl7 jet lvlocl`ck*<P7 <st Pkvoskm Kstoiltks# 0P7 0jm Pkvoskm Kstoiltks# LK7 Lmvljnk Kstoiltks*l ^knejm lmvljnk kstoiltks*` ]hk Ojmkx ea Ojmustrolc Rremuntoej hls `kkj rkvoskm sojnk 022;)21 ej `lsk (022=)2;9<22/*n Lproc)Mknki`kr 02<0*m 02<0)<> (Lproc)Gljulry/*k NL@ te FMR rltoe aer 02<0)<> os aer thk pkroem Lproc)^kptki`kr 02<0*a Lt kjm Gljulry# 02<>*f Lvkrlfk kxnhljfk rltk aer 02<0)<> (Lproc 02<0) Gljulry 02<>/*h Rrevosoejlc (up te Mknki`kr 08# 02<0/*o Aosnlc ojmonlters aer 02<<)<0 lrk `lskm ej thk prevosoejlc lntulcs (ujlumotkm/* g @umfkt kstoiltks*d Nkjsus 02<<*



iunh hofhkr rltk thlj `kaerk* Ls nlj `k skkj arei ]l`cks <*< ljm <*0# thk rklc frewth rltk ojthk knejeiy lvkrlfkm ?*; pkr nkjt pkr ljjui murojf 022;)21 te 0226)28# whonh wkrk lcsethk yklrs whkj thk frewth rltk ea ojvkstikjt oj rklc tkris lvkrlfkm lreujm <1 pkr nkjt*ôioclrcy# thk lvkrlfk frewth rltk ea thk knejeiy wls ncesk te ? pkr nkjt pkr ljjui oj 022?)<2 ljm 02<2)<<# woth thk frewth rltk ea ojvkstikjt lvkrlfojf lreujm <1*0 pkr nkjt oj thksktwe yklrs* ]hk rltk ea frewth ea FMR wls cewkr oj thk yklrs whkj frewth rltk ea ojvkstikjt

wls cew# ls wls thk nlsk oj 0228)2? ljm 02<<)<0*Ls pkr thk Aorst Pkvoskm Kstoiltks rkcklskm `y thk NÊ oj Gljulry 02<># fress meikston nlpotlcaeriltoej ls l rltoe ea FMR lt nurrkjt ilrdkt pronks (ojvkstikjt rltk/ os kstoiltkm te `k >;*2pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ls lflojst >1*8 pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<<* @eth pu`con ljm provltk ojvkstikjtmkncojkm ls l shlrk ea FMR* Vothoj provltk ojvkstikjt# ojvkstikjt `y thk provltk nerperltksknter rkfostkrkm l shlrpkr mkncojk* ]hk rkmuntoej oj provltk ojvkstikjt neucm `k lttroùtkm tel jui`kr ea alnters* Aorst os thk ojnrklsk oj pecony rltks (te nei`lt ojacltoej ljm ojacltoejlrykxpkntltoejs/* @ktwkkj Ilrnh 02<2 ljm Ente`kr 02<<# thk P@O rloskm thk rkpe rltk `y >6;`lsos peojts (`ps/# thus rlosojf thk nest ea èrrewojfs oj l òm te rkmunk mkiljm* Ljethkrrklsej aer cewkr provltk ojvkstikjt neucm `k cewkr mkiljm aer Ojmolj kxperts arei thkrkst ea thk wercm# plrtonuclrcy thk lmvljnkm neujtroks* L thorm pesso ck rklsej aer cewkrnerperltk ojvkstikjt os pecony èttckjknds (sunh ls e`tlojojf kjvorejikjtlc pkriossoejs#aukc cojdlfks# er nlrryojf eut cljm lnquosotoej# skk @ex <*</# whonh ckm te l jui`kr ea clrfkpregknts `kneiojf stlcckm# whonh ily oj turj hlvk mosneurlfkm jkw ojvkstikjt*

Ojvkstikjt oj thk aeri ea vlcul`cks ojnrklskm `y jklrcy Ps* 82#222 nrerk oj 02<<)<0 vos)â)vos thlt oj 02<2)<<* Qlcul`cks ojncumk werds ea lrt# prknoeus iktlcs# ljm gkwkcckry nlrvkm eutea sunh iktlcs ljm stejks* Lt nurrkjt pronks# ojvkstikjt oj thk aeri ea vlcul`cks rkfostkrkm ljklrcy =*;)aecm ojnrklsk `ktwkkj 0226)28 ljm 02<<)<0 ljm thkor shlrk oj tetlc ojvkstikjtojnrklskm arei 0*8 pkr nkjt oj 0226)28 te 6*1 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* L plrt ea thk ojnrklsk oj thosshlrk nlj `k kxpclojkm `y thk surfk oj thk pronks ea fecm ljm ethkr vlcul`cks*

]e suiilrozk# evkrlcc ojvkstikjt weucm hlvk scewkm aurthkr wkrk ot jet aer jej)premuntovk ojvkstikjt sunh ls oj vlcul`cks* Rlrtonuclrcy werroseik os thk shlrp scewojf ea nerperltk ojvkstikjt# whonh os thk seurnk ea auturk suppcy (jkkmkm te qukcc ojacltoej/ ljm ea auturk frewth petkjtolc* Reconoks te rkievk ojvkstikjt èttckjknds ls wkcc ls strunturlcrkaeris te kjneurlfk premuntovk ojvkstikjt ljm ots aojljnojf lrk ksskjtolc# ls os ierklnneiiemltovk iejktlry pecony# ls ojacltoej l`ltks*

@ex <*0 7 ]hk Fecm Push

<* Mkiljm aer fecm hls `kkj rosojf wercmwomk 7 ]hk fce`lc aojljnolc nrosos# turjkm mk`t nrosos#hls skkj l stkkp rosk oj neiiemoty pronks# kspknolccy fecm* ]hos# jew oj hojmsofht# rlthkr



ujsurprosojf alnt# hls iestcy `kkj mrovkj `y thk iktkeronlccy ojnrklsojf mkiljm aer slakhlvkjs te plrd thk wercm&s slvojfs* Fce`lc fecm pronks# ls mkjeiojltkm oj [^-# hlvkmeu`ckm sojnk 0228# ljm ojnrklskm thrkk toiks ls mkjeiojltkm oj Ojmolj rupkks*0* Ojmol hls trlmotoejlccy `kkj l ilger l`ser`kr ea wercm fecm 7 ]hk clst thrkk yklrs hlvk skkjl su`stljtolc rosk oj fecm oiperts (thk vlcuk ea fecm oiperts ojnrklskm jojk toiks `ktwkkj Gljulry 0228 ljm Ente`kr 02<0/# nejtroùtojf sofjoaonljtcy te thk nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot

lcejf woth eoc (Aofurk 0/*>* Fecm oiperts lrk pesotovkcy nerrkcltkm woth ojacltoej 7 Hofh ojacltoej rkmunks thk rkturjej ethkr aojljnolc ojstruikjts* ]hos os rkackntkm oj thk jkfltovk nerrkcltoej `ktwkkj rosojfoiperts ljm alccojf rklc rltks (Aofurk </* Kvkj theufh rklc rltks hlvk stlrtkm rosojf# thky lrk`lrkcy oj thk pesotovk tkrrotery*=* Pkmunk Fecm Rurnhlsks te nur` NLM 7 Fovkj selrojf kjkrfy ljm trljspertltoej jkkms# sojnkthkrk skkis te `k cottck wk nlj me te tkipkr eoc oiperts# fecm os thk neipejkjt thlt jkkms te`k nejtlojkm te `rojf thk NLM `lnd te l neiaert zejk*;* ]hk mkiljm aer fecm ls lj ojvkstikjt teec hls `kkj ojnrklsojf evkr toik 7 Fecm hls `kkj lneiòjltoej ea ojvkstikjt teec ljm stltus syièc oj Ojmol* Voth coiotkm lnnkss te aojljnolcojstruikjts# kspknolccy oj thk rurlc lrkls# fecm ljm socvkr lrk pepuclr slvojfs ojstruikjts* ]hkrknkjt knejeion ujnkrtlojty hls skkj pkepck lnress thk èlrm ùy fecm* Lciest lcc ea Ojmol&smkiljm aer rlw fecm os ikt threufh oiperts0* Aofurk > shews thlt thk neipesotoej ea fecm hls

skkj l stklmy ievkikjt tewlrms jej gkwkcckry otkis* Ljknmetlccy# thos nlj `k nejstrukm ls lrosojf mkiljm aer purk ojvkstikjt# prkmeiojljtcy oj thk ur`lj ljm skio)ur`lj lrkls* Oj thkclst qulrtkr# jej)gkwkcckry nejstotutkm =2 pkr nkjt ea thk tetlc mkiljm* ]hos e`skrvltoej# ojcojk woth fce`lc trkjms# os klsocy kxpclojkm `y thk mkncojojf rklc rkturjs ej thk fliut ea aojljnolc ojstruikjts lvlocl`ck te thk ojvkster ljm selrojf ejks ej fecm (0>*6 pkr nkjt ljjulclvkrlfk rkturj `ktwkkj Lproc 26 ljm Ilrnh 02<0 vkrsus 6*> pkr nkjt rkturj ej Joaty ljm 8*0pkr nkjt ej slvojfs mkpesots# ^khflc kt* lc*# 02<0/*1* ]hk cejfkr tkri wly te lmmrkss thk rosojf mkiljm aer fecm 7 ]hk evkrlrnhojf ietovkujmkrcyojf thk fecm rush os hofh ojacltoej ljm thk clnd ea aojljnolc ojstruikjtslvlocl`ck te thk lvkrlfk notozkj# kspknolccy oj thk rurlc lrkls* ]hk rosojf mkiljm aer fecm os ejcyl "syiptei" ea ierk aujmlikjtlc pre`ckis oj thk knejeiy* Nuròjf ojacltoej# kxpljmojfaojljnolc ojncusoej# eaakrojf jkw premunts sunh ls ojacltoej ojmkxkm èjms# ljm oiprevojfslvkr lnnkss te aojljnolc premunts lrk lcc ea plrlieujt oipertljnk*<* Rrkplrkm `y Ir* Pehot Cli`l ljm Mr* Rrlnho Ioshrl* Vk weucm codk te thljd Lirksh Lnhlryllt thk Vercm Fecm Neujnoc# ûrksh Rhlmjos lt RIKLN# ^jkhl Lrerl ljm Lruj Jlrkjmhrljlth ltO^@ aer iljy mosnussoejs*0* ]hkrk lrk thrkk lntovk fecm iojks# whonh ikkt ckss thlj < pkr nkjt ea meikston mkiljm*

MEIK^]ON ^LQOJF^

]hk vecuik ljm neipesotoej ea meikston slvojfs oj Ojmol hlvk ujmkrfejk sofjoaonljt nhljfksevkr thk yklrs* ]hk slvojfs rltk (fress meikston slvojfs ls pkrnkjtlfk ea fress meikstonpremunt lt ilrdkt pronks/ lvkrlfkm <8*1 pkr nkjt oj thk <?82s ljm 0> pkr nkjt oj thk <??2s* ]hk slvojfs rltk kxnkkmkm >2 pkr nkjt aer thk aorst toik oj 022=)2; ljm hls rkilojkm lèvkthlt ckvkc kvkr sojnk* Ot pkldkm oj 0226)28 lt >1*8 pkr nkjt ljm rklnhkm lj kofht)yklr cew ea >2*8 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0*

^lvojfs neik arei thrkk seurnks# voz* heuskhecms# thk provltk nerperltk sknter# ljm thk pu`consknter* Ej lvkrlfk# heuskhecms lnneujtkm aer jklrcy thrkk)aeurths ea fress meikston slvojfsmurojf thk pkroem <?82)8< te 02<<)<0* ]hk shlrk mkncojkm seikwhlt oj rknkjt yklrs# ljm ojthk pkroem arei 022=)2; te 02<<)<0# ot lvkrlfkm 62*< pkr nkjt ea tetlc slvojfs* ^lvojfs ea thkprovltk nerperltk sknter lnneujtkm aer <; pkr nkjt ea tetlc slvojfs ej lj lvkrlfk `ktwkkj<?82)8< ljm 02<<)<0* Hewkvkr# murojf thk yklrs 022=)2; te 02<<)<0# thkor shlrk ojnrklskm te0>*0 pkr nkjt* ]hk pu`con sknter lnneujtkm aer <2 pkr nkjt ea tetlc slvojfs ej lvkrlfk `ktwkkj<?82)8< ljm 02<<)<0* Ot hls `kkj prefrkssovkcy mkncojojf ljm murojf 022=)2; te 02<<) <0#pu`con slvojfs ls l rltoe ea tetlc slvojfs lvkrlfkm 1*6 pkr nkjt*

Vothoj heuskhecms# thk shlrk ea aojljnolc slvojfs vos)à)vos physonlc slvojfs hls `kkjmkncojojf oj rknkjt yklrs* Aojljnolc slvojfs tldk thk aeri ea `ljd mkpesots# coak ojsurljnkaujms# pkjsoej ljm prevomkjt aujms# shlrks ljm mk`kjturks# ktn* Aojljnolc slvojfs lnneujtkmaer lreujm ;; pkr nkjt ea tetlc heuskhecm slvojfs murojf thk <??2s* ]hkor shlrk mkncojkm te =6

pkr nkjt oj thk 0222)<2 mknlmk ljm ot wls >1 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* Heuskhecm slvojfs wocc lcsehlvk te `k rloskm* ]hk aojljnolc slvojfs ea thk heuskhecm sknter lrk codkcy te oiprevk wothcewkr ojacltoej# kspknolccy ls thk rklc rltk ea rkturj ej aojljnolc slvojfs rosks* L frkltkr vlroktyea rkcol`ck aojljnolc slvojfs eppertujotoks (sunh ls ojacltoej)ojmkxkm èjms/ ljm rkcltovk klsk ea



lnnkss te thki neucm lcse hkcp oj rlosojf thk shlrk ea aojljnolc slvojfs oj tetlc slvojfs#rkmunojf thk lttrlntovkjkss ea lctkrjltovks codk fecm*

Oj thos nejtkxt# rkfuclters hlvk te ilojtloj l `lcljnk `ktwkkj whlt os ea pu conoipertljnk ljm whlt os prumkjtolc* Lrkls ea pu`con oipertljnk# sunh ls ojarlstrunturk# memkskrvk su`stljtolc suppert* Hewkvkr# thksk lrkls ea lntovoty ily lcse `k rosdy* ûppertsheucm `k fovkj `y mk)rosdojf thk lrkls (pecony te spkkm up ojarlstrunturk pregknts ljm

klsk thkor neipcktoej/# threufh aojljnolc mkvkcepikjt (nrkltojf jkw aojljnojf ojstotutoejs#lttrlntojf jkw ojvksters/# er aosnlc ikljs ( ojtkrkst su`vkjtoejs# tlx `rklds/ ùt jet `y rkclxojf prumkjtolc jeris (cewkr nlpotlc rkquorkikjts# lccewojf uj)hkmfkm aerkofjèrrewojf/ er rosdokr nlpotlc strunturks (lccewojf frkltkr mk`t rltoes/* [ctoiltkcy# rosdokraojljnojf aer pregknts ea pu`con oipertljnk ùocms up frkltkr rosd aer thk neujtry `knlusk oa thksk pregknts aloc te tldk eaa# thky oipojfk ej èth frewth ljm thk aojljnolc systki lt thkslik toik# lt l toik whkj thk fevkrjikjt hls akwkr rkseurnks te nepk*

L^^K^ÎKJ] LJM RECON_ IKL^[PK^

]hk strejf pest)aojljnolc)nrosos aosnlc ljm iejktlry stoiucus oj Ojmol ckm te spkntlnuclrfrewth oj thk oiikmoltk latkrilth ea thk nrosos* @ut woth nerperltk ljm ojarlstrunturlcojvkstikjt jet dkkpojf plnk# ljm aeem premuntoej nejstrlojkm# thk èest te nejsuiptoejkvkjtulccy ckm te hofhkr ojacltoej* Ljm alccojf slvojfs# plrtcy ls l rksuct ea fevkrjikjt

spkjmojf ljm plrtcy ls l rksuct ea hofh ojacltoej# hlvk ckm te l womkjojf NLM* Iejktlrypecony hls `kkj tofhtkjkm# kvkj ls fce`lc hklmwojms te frewth hlvk ojnrklskm* Ojmol hls `kkjnlufht oj l vonoeus nornck ea alccojf frewth ljm stoiucus wothmrlwlc thlt neucm wkcc kxlnkr`ltkthk mkncojk* Ea seik nejnkrj os Ojmol&s ojnrklskm mkpkjmkjnk ej aerkofj èrrewojf kvkj lsfrewth hls scewkm*

@knlusk ea thk scewmewj ljm hofh ckvkcs ea ckvkrlfk# seik ojmustry ljm ojarlstrunturk sknterslrk kxpkrokjnojf lj ojnrklsk oj jej)pkraeriojf lsskts (JRLs/* Evkrlcc fress JRLs ea thk`ljdojf sknter ojnrklskm arei 0*>1 pkr nkjt ea tetlc nrkmot lmvljnkm oj Ilrnh 02<<te >*;6 pkr nkjt ea tetlc nrkmot lmvljnkm oj ^kptki`kr 02<0* ]hk ojnrklsk os plrtonuclrcy shlrpaer thk ojmustry ljm ojarlstrunturk sknters* û )sknters plrtonuclrcy ujmkr strkss ojncumktkxtocks# nhkionlcs# orej ljm stkkc# aeem prenkssojf# nejstruntoej# ljm tkckneiiujonltoejs* ]hkojnrklsk oj fress JRLs os lcse sofjoaonljtcy hofhkr aer pu`con sknter `ljds# whonh lrk typonlccy

ierk kxpeskm te thk mostrksskm sknters* ]hk wly eut# ljm thk hepk aer stlrtojf l vortueus nornck# coks oj shoatojf jltoejlc spkjmojfarei nejsuiptoej te ojvkstikjt # rkievojf thk èttckjknds te ojvkstikjt # frewth#ljm ge` nrkltoej# oj plrt threufh strunturlc rkaeris# nei`ltojf ojacltoej èth threufhiejktlry ljm suppcy)somk iklsurks# rkmunojf thk nests aer èrrewkrs ea rlosojf aojljnojf# ljmojnrklsojf thk eppertujotoks aer slvkrs te fkt strejf rklc ojvkstikjt rkturjs*

Oj prlntonlc tkris aer fevkrjikjt pecony# thos trljscltks ojte nejtlojojf thk aosnlc mkaonotkspknolccy `y shrojdojf wlstkauc ljm mostertoejlry su`somoks* Ot ikljs werdojf ej rkmunojfthk oipkmoikjts te ojvkstikjt sunh ls mkclys oj fkttojf pkriossoejs# nclroayojf moaaonuct ljmjej)trljsplrkjt prenkssks aer cljm lnquosotoej# ljm ojnrklsojf lnnkss te feem ojarlstrunturksunh ls pewkr ljm relms* Ot wlrrljts rkwerdojf thk rkfucltery ljm ojnkjtovk strunturk thltdkkps silcc ùsojkssks tojy ljm prkvkjts thki arei nrkltojf feem premuntovk ge`s* Ot nlccs aer

rkmunojf thk `lrrokrs te kjtry oj vlroeus lrkls ea ùsojkss ljm lccewojf AMO# kvkj whockkjsurojf meikston neipljoks lrk jet moslmvljtlfkm* Ot kjtlocs prevomojf thk ojnkjtovks ljm ikljs aer thk alrikr te ojnrklsk premuntoej# kvkj whock oiprevojf thk iljlfkikjt ljm thk cefostons ea aeem prenurkikjt ljm mostroùtoej* Ljm ot jknkssotltks nejtojuojfaojljnolc sknter rkaeri te ojnrklsk thk kjtry ea jkw ojstotutoejs# rkmunk trljslntoejs nests aerojvksters# ojnrklsk lnnkss aer èrrewkrs ljm slvkrs te ejk ljethkr# ljm oiprevk thk qulcoty ea rkfucltoej*

]hk fevkrjikjt hls lcrklmy tldkj seik oipertljt stkps oj thos morkntoej# seik ea whonh wkhlvk lcrklmy lccumkm te* Oj lmmotoej# twe hkcpauc petkjtolc mkvkcepikjts lrk oj sofht# ejk ejthk rkvkjuk somk ljm thk ethkr ej thk kxpkjmoturk somk* ]hk feems ljm skrvonks tlx (F^] /# oa lpprevkm# weucm rkpclnk l jui`kr ea stltk ljm nkjtrlc tlxks# ildk Ojmol ierk ea l jltoejlcojtkfrltkm ilrdkt# ljm `rojf ierk premunkrs ojte thk tlx jkt* @y oiprevojf kaaonokjny ls wkccls rkvkjuks# ot nlj lmm su`stljtolccy te frewth ls wkcc ls hkcpojf fevkrjikjt aojljnks* Ej thk

kxpkjmoturk somk# thk morknt `kjkaot trljsakr snhkik thlt wocc lccew thk trljsakr ea fevkrjikjt `kjkaots morkntcy te tlrfktkm rknopokjt `ljd lnneujts nlj hkcp rkmunktrljslntoejs nests# prkvkjt mupconltoej# ckldlfk# ljm arlum# ljm oiprevk nheonks aer thk peer* @y trljscltojf l jui`kr ea su`somoks ojte kquovlckjt nlsh trljsakrs# ot nlj lveom



pronk mostertoejs ljm nlj tlrfkt su`somoks `kttkr te thk trucy mkskrvojf* ]hos wocc hkcpnejtloj kxpkjmoturk*

]hk fevkrjikjt hls lcse tldkj l jui`kr ea stkps te rkvovk ojvkstikjt ljm frewth* ]hkskneiprosk skttojf up thk NNO hklmkm `y thk Rroik Iojostkr te alst)trlnd ikfl pregknts ea evkr Ps* <#222 nrerk4 l snhkik aer rkstrunturojf thk mk`ts ea stltk pewkr mostroùtoejneipljoks# whonh ojncumks ojnkjtovks aer thki te nhlrfk rklsejl`ck tlroaas se thlt thky me

jet fkt evkr)ojmk`tkm lfloj4 ievkikjt tewlrms l cljm lnquosotoej òcc thlt wocc nclroay ljmildk thk prenkss ea cljm lnquosotoej alorkr4 pkriottojf AMO oj l jui`kr ea lrkls ojncumojfiucto`rljm rktloc# pewkr kxnhljfks# ljm novoc lvoltoej4 ojnrklsojf ojvkstikjt ojorrofltoej# sterlfk ljm necm sterlfk jktwerds4 ljm ujmkrtldojf prefrliiks te oiprevkthk premuntoej ea pretkoj aeems*

^tkps hlvk lcse `kkj tldkj ej aojljnolc)sknter rkaeri* ]hk @ljdojf Clws (Likjmikjt/ Lnt 02<0 strkjfthkjs thk rkfucltery pewkrs ea thk P@O ljm plvks thk wly aer frljt ea jkw`ljd conkjnks `y thk P@O* ]hk Aojljnolc ^knter Ckfoscltovk Pkaeris Neiiossoej oskxliojojf thk clws fevkrjojf thk aojljnolc sknter woth l rkiot te suffkst wlys ea iemkrjozojfthki* L jui`kr ea stkps hlvk `kkj tldkj `y thk fevkrjikjt# tefkthkr woth thk aojljnolcsknter rkfuclters# aer klsojf slvojfs ljm ojvkstikjt oj thk neujtry# èth aer meikston ljmaerkofj ojvksters*

LFPON[C][PK LJM AEEM ILJLFKIKJ]

Ojmolj lfronucturk hls pkraerikm rkilrdl`cy wkcc oj tkris ea eutput frewth# mkspotk wklthkrljm pronk shends oj thk plst akw yklrs* Lctheufh lfronucturk# ojncumojf lccokm lntovotoks#lnneujtkm aer ejcy <=*< pkr nkjt ea thk FMR oj 02<<)<0# ots reck oj thk neujtry&s knejeiy osiunh òffkr woth ots shlrk oj tetlc kipceyikjt ls hofh ls ;8*0 pkr nkjt lnnermojf te thk022< nkjsus* ]hk mkncojojf shlrk ea thk lfronucturk ljm lccokm sknter oj thk neujtry&s FMR osnejsostkjt woth thk jerilc mkvkcepikjt trlgkntery ea ljy alst frewojf knejeiy# ùt alstlfronucturlc frewth rkilojs votlc aer ge`s# ojneiks# ljm aeem sknuroty*

Ojmol meks jet alrk wkcc# hewkvkr# oj tkris ea lfronucturlc yokcms er premuntovoty*Oiprevkikjt oj yokcms hecms thk dky aer Ojmol te rkiloj skca)suaaonokjt oj aeemfrlojs* Ljethkrnhlcckjfk os hew te ilxoiozk lfronucturlc ojneik whock lmeptojf l ierk sustlojl`cklfronucturlc strltkfy* ]hk nejnkrjs hkrk lrk cljm ljm wltkr mkfrlmltoej muk te seoc

kresoej# seoc slcojoty # wltkrceffojf# kxnkssovk lppconltoej ea jutrokjts# ljmevkrkxpceotltoej ea wltkr rkseurnks oj seik plrts ea thk neujtry* @kttkr iljlfkikjtprlntonks aer rkhlòcotltoej ea mkfrlmkm cljm ljm wltkr rkseurnks hecm thk dky* Kxpkjmoturk ejlfronucturlc rksklrnh lcse jkkms te `k rloskm oj thk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj*

L jetl`ck aklturk ea thk Ojmolj lfronucturlc sknter os thk meiojltoej ea silcc alrikrs wothsilcc cljmhecmojfs* ]hos pesks l nhlcckjfk aer thk lmeptoej ea alri iknhljozltoej ljmfkjkrltojf premuntovk ojneiks arei alri epkrltoejs* Cljm)rkcltkm ossuks ljm oipckikjtltoejea cljm rkaeris rkquork te `k lttkjmkm te ej proeroty `lsos te rkvotlcozk thk lfronucturk sknter*Mkncojojf pkr nlpotl lvloclòcoty ea aeemfrlojs os ljethkr ilger nejnkrj oj Ojmol* Aer kjsurojfjutrotoejlc sknuroty# ot os jet ejcy oipertljt te ojnrklsk pkr nlpotl lvloclòcoty ea aeemfrlojs ùtlcse te kjsurk thk rofht lieujts ea aeem otkis oj thk aeem `lsdkt ea thk neiiej ilj* L thrustej hertonucturk premunts ljm pretkoj)ronh otkis os rkquorkm aer kjsurojf jutrotoejlc sknuroty*

Ljethkr nrotonlc ossuk os suppcy)nhloj iljlfkikjt oj lfronucturlc ilrdktojf oj Ojmol* Ot osjknksslry te kvecvk iknhljosis aer cojdojf wheckslck prenkssojf# cefostons# ljm rktlocojfwoth alri)premuntoej lntovotoks se ls te fkjkrltk kjhljnkm kaaonokjny# `kttkr alri pronks#ktn* Pknkjtcy thk fevkrjikjt lccewkm AMO oj rktloc # whonh nlj plvk thk wly aer ojvkstikjt ojjkw tknhjecefy ljm ilrdktojf ea lfronucturlc premunk oj Ojmol*

]hkrk os jkkm aer stl`ck ljm nejsostkjt peconoks whkrk ilrdkts pcly lj lppreproltk reck# provltk ojvkstikjt oj ojarlstrunturk os stkppkm up# thk pu`con mostroùtoej systki (RM^/ osrkvlipkm # aeem pronk ljm aeem stend iljlfkikjt oiprevks# ljm l prkmontl`ck trlmkpecony os lmeptkm aer lfronucturk* ]hksk ojotoltovks jkkm te `k neupckm woth sdocc mkvkcepikjt ljm `kttkr rksklrnh ljm mkvkcepikjt (P!M/ lcejf woth oiprevkm mkcovkry ea nrkmot# skkms#ktn*

Oj thk evkrlcc nejtkxt ea thk kvecvojf ilnreknejeion sotultoej oj thk neujtry ljm fce`lc

aojljnolc mkvkcepikjts# thk fevkrjikjt oj ncesk necclèrltoej woth thk P@O ljm ^knurotoks ljmKxnhljfk @elrm ea Ojmol (^K@O/ hls rknkjtcy tldkj l jui`kr ea ojotoltovks te ikkt thk frewojfnlpotlc jkkms ea thk Ojmolj knejeiy* êik ea thk ojotoltovks tldkj oj thos rkflrm lrk clujnhojfea thk Plgov Fljmho Kquoty ^lvojfs ^nhkik (PFK^^/ ljm ÎK kxnhljfk % pcltaeri# kxpljsoejea thk \ulcoaokm Aerkofj Ojvksters (\AOs / ^nhkik te alnocotltk thkor lnnkss te thk Ojmolj nlpotlcilrdkt# prefrkssovk kjhljnkikjt oj thk quljtotltovk coiots aer AOOs& ojvkstikjts oj vlroeus



mk`t nltkferoks# lccewojf rkaojljnojf rupkk celjs threufh KN@ reutk aer Ojmolj neipljoks ojthk pewkr sknter# rkmuntoej oj thk wothhecmojf tlx ej ojtkrkst plyikjts ej KN@s# ljmojtremunojf l jkw KN@ snhkik aer neipljoks oj thk iljualnturojf ljm ojarlstrunturk sknter*

H[ILJ MKQKCERIKJ]

Knejeion frewth theufh oipertljt nljjet `k lj kjm oj otskca* ]hk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj# wothots aenus ej &Alstkr# Ierk Ojncusovk ljm ûstlojl`ck Frewth&# puts thk frewth mk`ltk ojthk rofht pkrspkntovk* ]hk fevkrjikjt&s tlrfktkm peconoks aer thk peer# woth thk prespknt ea akwkr ckldlfks# nlj hkcp `kttkr trljscltk eutclys ojte eutneiks*Kxpkjmoturk ej senolc skrvonks `y thk fkjkrlc fevkrjikjt (nkjtrk ljm stltks neiòjkm/ hlsojnrklskm oj rknkjt yklrs rkackntojf thk hofhkr proeroty fovkj te thos sknter* Kxpkjmoturk ejsenolc skrvonks ojnrklskm nejsomkrl cy oj thk ]wkcath Rclj# woth thk kmunltoej sknterlnneujtojf aer thk clrfkst shlrk# aeccewkm `y hklcth* Ls l prepertoej ea FMR# kxpkjmoturk ejsenolc skrvonks ojnrklskm arei ;*? pkr nkjt oj 0226)28 te 1*8 pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<< ljm aurthkr te6*< pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<>(@K/* Jkvkrthkckss# Ojmol&s kxpkjmoturk ej hklcth ls l pkr nkjt ea FMRos cewkr thlj oj iljy ethkr kikrfojf ljm mkvkcepkm neujtroks ljm thk shlrk ea thk pu`consknter stocc cewkr*Revkrty hls mkncojkm oj thk neujtry# theufh prknoskcy hew pevkrty os iklsurkm os nurrkjtcy`kojf kxliojkm* @lskm ej thk ikthemecefy suffkstkm `y thk ]kjmucdlr Neiiottkk# thk

pkrnkjtlfk ea pkepck covojf `kcew thk pevkrty cojk oj thk neujtry mkncojkm arei >6*0 pkr nkjtoj 022=) 2; te 0?*8 pkr nkjt oj 022?)<2* Kvkj oj l`secutk tkris# thk jui`kr ea peer pkepckmkncojkm `y ;0*= ioccoej murojf thos pkroem* Ea thos# =8*< ioccoej lrk rurlc peer ljm =*> ioccoejur`lj peer* ]hus pevkrty hls mkncojkm ej lj lvkrlfk `y <*; pkrnkjtlfk peojts pkr yklr`ktwkkj 022=)2; ljm 022?)<2* ]hk ljjulc lvkrlfk rltk ea mkncojk murojf thk pkroem 022=)2;te 022?)<2 os twonk thk rltk ea mkncojk murojf thk pkroem <??>)?= te 022=)2;* Oj thk clst akwyklrs pu`con kxpkjmoturk ej senolc prefrliiks ojnrklskm mrliltonlccy* Oj thk Kckvkjth Rcljpkroem jklrcy Ps* 6 cldh nrerk hls `kkj spkjt ej thk <; ilger aclfshop prefrliiks* L jui`krea ckfoscltovk stkps hlvk lcse `kkj tldkj te sknurk thk rofhts ea pkepck# codk thk Pofht teOjaeriltoej Lnt# thk Ilhltil Fljmho Jltoejlc Purlc Kipceyikjt Fulrljtkk Lnt (IFJPKFL/#thk Aerkst Pofhts Lnt# ljm thk Pofht te Kmunltoej (P]K/* Hewkvkr# thkrk lrk lcse prkssojffevkrjljnk ossuks codk prefrliik ckldlfks ljm aujms jet rklnhojf thk tlrfktkm `kjkaonolroksthlt jkkm te `k lmmrksskm* Morknt `kjkaot trljsakr (M@]/ woth thk hkcp ea thk [joquk

Omkjtoaonltoej ([OM/ jui`kr nlj hkcp pcuf seik ea thksk ckldlfks*

^kozojf thk Mkiefrlphon Movomkjm

Reconyildkrs lrk usulccy aenuskm ej shert)ruj knejeion iljlfkikjt ossuks* @ut thk shert rujhls te `k l `romfk te thk cejf ruj* ]hk nkjtrlc cejf)ruj qukstoej alnojf Ojmol os whkrk wocc feem ge`s neik arei5 Rremuntovk ge`s lrk votlc aer frewth* Ljm l feem ge` os thk `kst aeri ea ojncusoej* Ierk thlj hlca eur pepucltoej mkpkjms ej lfronucturk# ùt thk kxpkrokjnk ea ethkrneujtroks suffksts thlt thk jui`kr ea pkepck mkpkjmkjt ej lfronucturk wocc hlvk teshrojd oa pkr nlpotl ojneiks oj lfronucturk lrk te fe up su`stljtolccy* Vhock ojmustry os nrkltojf ge`s# tee iljy sunh ge`s lrk cew premuntovoty jej)nejtrlntulc ge`s oj thk ujerfljozkm sknter#eaakrojf cew ojneiks# cottck pretkntoej# ljm je `kjkaots* ^krvonk ge`s lrk rkcltovkcy hofh

premuntovoty# ùt kipceyikjt frewth oj skrvonks hls `kkj scew oj rknkjt yklrs* Ojmol&snhlcckjfk os te nrkltk thk nejmotoejs aer alstkr frewth ea premuntovk ge`s eutsomk ea lfronucturk#kspknolccy oj erfljozkm iljualnturojf ljm oj skrvonks# kvkj whock oiprevojf premuntovoty ojlfronucturk* ]hk `kjkaot ea rosojf te thk nhlcckjfk os mknlmks ea strejf ojncusovk frewth*Kvkry alst)frewojf Lsolj knejeiy oj rknkjt yklrs hls lnnkckrltkm ls ot ujmkrwkjt lmkiefrlphon trljsotoej (skk Aofurk 0*0/* Oj Ojmol otskca# Loylr ljm Iemy (02<</ menuikjt thltthk hofh frewth stltks (]lioc Jlmu# Dlrjltldl# ljm Fuglrlt/ oj thk pkroem <??<)022< hlm lmkpkjmkjny rltoe whonh wls 8*6 pkrnkjtlfk peojts cewkr thlj thlt ea thk cew frewthstltks (@ohlr# Ilmhyl Rrlmksh# ljm [ttlr Rrlmksh/ ljm lj lvkrlfk ljjulc frewth rltk thltwls =*> pkrnkjtlfk peojts hofhkr* Ceedojf lhklm# thky lrfuk# thk cew frewth stltks wocc`kjkaot ierk arei thk mkiefrlphon movomkjm# ls hofhkr ojneiks ljm cewkr akrtocoty lctkrmkiefrlphons* Ojmkkm# evkr thk pkroem 022<)<<# thk hothkrte clfflrm stltks hlvk frewj lt ljlvkrlfk ea lreujm ; pkr nkjt ljjulccy* ]hk moaakrkjnk `ktwkkj thkor frewth ljm thk frewth ea

thk cklmkrs oj thk pkroem 022<)<< os gust <*; pkrnkjtlfk peojts* ê mkiefrlphon trljsotoejskkis te `k nerrkcltkm woth frewth# woth seik rklsejs te `kcokvk thlt nluslcoty acews èthwlys))cewkr mkpkjmkjny rltoes ojnrklsk frewth ljm hofhkr frewth rkmunks akrtocoty ljmnejskqukjtcy mkpkjmkjny rltoes*



Frewth eptoiosts peojt te ljethkr rklsej aer nhkkr* Nress)neujtry kvomkjnk suffksts thltpremuntovoty os lj ojnrklsojf aujntoej ea lfk# woth thk lfk freup =2)=? `kojf thk iestpremuntovk `knlusk ea werd kxpkrokjnk (Akyrkr 0226/* Jklrcy hlca thk lmmotoejs te thk Ojmoljclèur aernk evkr thk pkroem 02<<)>2 wocc `k oj thk lfk freup >2)=?# kvkj whock thk shlrk ea thos freup oj Nhojl# Derkl# ljm thk [jotkm ^tltks wocc `k mkncojojf* ]hlt Ojmol wocc `k kxpljmojfots iest premuntovk neherts kvkj whock iest mkvkcepkm neujtroks ljm seik mkvkcepojf

neujtroks codk Nhojl wocc `k nejtrlntojf thkors oj thk neiojf mknlmks nlj `k ljethkr seurnk ea lmvljtlfk*

NEIRLPL]OQK FPEV]H LJM ]PLMK

Oj whlt aeccews# wk stlrt `y ljlcysojf vlroeus knejeion eutneiks aer skckntkm Lsolj neujtrokslreujm thkor mltks ea ojotolc &tldkeaa& ojte pkroems ea hofh frewth* Vk omkjtoay thk yklr ea tldkeaa

aer neiplrlter Lsolj neujtroks `lskm ej OIA (0221/<* ]hk mltks lrk <?6?# <?6># ljm <?16 aerNhojl# Ojmejksol# ljm Derkl rkspkntovkcy* Aer Ojmol# wk mkaojk thk yklr ea tldkeaa ls <??<#whkj ilger knejeion rkaeris `kflj* Aofurks 0*>)0*= wklvk tefkthkr thk aeccewojf jlrrltovk7

Aofurk shews thlt Ojmol wls frewojf lt soioclr rltks ls ethkr Lsolj knejeioks `kaerk tldkeaa*Latkr tldkeaa# ot dkpt plnk woth Ojmejksol# ùt Nhojl ljm Derkl frkw alstkr*



Oj Aofurk wk skt mltk 2 ls thk yklr thk neujtry&s pkr nlpotl FMR oj 0222 [^ mecclrs nresskm -;224 oj Aofurk 0*>n# thk yklr thlt thk neujtry&s mkpkjmkjny rltoe akcc `kcew =2 pkr nkjt*Nhojl&s frewth os ierk reùst ujmkr èth thksk lctkrjltovks# whock Ojmol&s iltnhks thlt ea Ojmejksol* Derkl&s trlgkntery os soioclr te Ojmol&s oj thk ojotolc yklrs latkr tldkeaa# theufh latkr<2 yklrs thk scepk ea ots trlgkntery ojnrklsks stkkpcy*

]hk tldklwly arei thk kvomkjnk wk hlvk kxliojkm thus alr os thlt Ojmol&s frewth pkraeriljnk hls `kkj soioclr te thlt ea seik alst)frewojf Lsolj knejeioks lt soioclrstlfks latkr tldkeaa# ùt jet ls spkntlnuclr ls Nhojl&s* Ojtkrkstojfcy# mkspotk `kojf skkj ls ltrlmk clfflrm# Ojmol hls frewj ierk epkj te trlmk lt lèut Nhojl&s plnk*

êurnks ea Frewth

L mkneipesotoej ea pkr nlpotl ojneik frewth murojf thk 02 yklrs latkr tldkeaa (skk Aofurk 0*;/

suffksts thlt lnress neujtroks# iunh ea thk ojnrklsk oj pkr nlpotl ojneik neiks arei frkltkrclèur premuntovoty* Ojtkrkstojfcy# kxnkpt aer Derkl# clèur aernk plrtonopltoej (CAR/ hls alcckjej lj lvkrlfk ljjulc `lsos# se ot su`trlnts arei frewth* Aojlccy# thk ojnrklsk oj thk shlrkea werdojf lfk pepucltoej (VLR/ skkis te lmm ejcy l cottck te frewth* ôjnk thkojnrklsk oj werdojf lfk pepucltoej os whlt wk nlcc thk mkiefrlphon movomkjm# thk alnt thlt otnejtroùtks se cottck te frewth (ej lvkrlfk# 2*; pkrnkjtlfk peojts aer Ojmol oj thk 02 yklrssojnk <??</ ily skki l puzzck*

]hk rksecutoej te thk puzzck os quotk soipck* ]hk ojnrklsk oj thk arlntoej ea pkepck werdojf ospre`l`cy jet thk iloj nejskqukjnk ea thk mkiefrlphon movomkjm* Ojstklm# thk kaaknts ea thkmkiefrlphon movomkjm lrk nhljjkcckm threufh thk ojnrklsk oj clèur premuntovoty# whonhneiks arei ierk physonlc nlpotlc kipceykm pkr werdkr (oj turj rksuctojf arei frkltkrslvojf ljm ojvkstikjt/# ierk huilj nlpotlc pkr werdkr (whonh neiks arei ierkkmunltoej ls silcckr aliocoks cklm te frkltkr spkjmojf ej kmunltoej pkr nhocm/# ljm frkltkrtetlc alnter premuntovoty (]AR/* ]AR iklsurks hew premuntovk thk ge` ojtrojsonlccy os#nlpturojf lspknts sunh ls thk tknhjecefy uskm# kaaonokjny woth whonh thk werd os nlrrokm eut#ljm usk ea hlrm)te)iklsurk lspknts ea werd sunh ls tlnot djewckmfk# erfljozltoejlcnlplòcotoks# ljm trust*



Ot os thkrkaerk uskauc te skk hew iunh klnh ea thksk alnters nejtroùtkm te clèur premuntovoty*Ls Aofurk 0*1 suffksts# `kttkr huilj nlpotlc lnneujts aer ejcy l silcc plrt ea thk frewth ojclèur premuntovoty aer Lsolj alst frewkrs* Ojstklm# thk twe òffkst nejtro uters lrk thkfrewth oj nlpotlc mkpceykm pkr werdkr ljm frewth oj ]AR * Ojmejksol ljm Derkl rkcokmiunh ierk ej nlpotlc mkkpkjojf* Ojmol mom jet hlvk ls iunh frewth oj nlpotlc pkr werdkr lsthksk neujtroks ùt hlm strejfkr frewth oj ]AR* Aojlccy# Nhojl frkw èth `knlusk ea ierk

nlpotlc mkpceykm ls wkcc ls strejf ojnrklsks oj ]AR*Ojtkrkstojfcy# ls Aofurk 0*6 suffksts# oj thk yklrs `kyejm thk 02th yklr latkr tldkeaa whonhOjmol os jew kjtkrojf# nlpotlc mkkpkjojf scewkm aer èth Ojmejksol ljm Derkl ùt ot ojnrklskmaer Nhojl* Ierk ojtkrkstojfcy# ]AR scoppkm nejsomkrl`cy aer Ojmejksol ljm wls jet clrfk aerDerkl te `kfoj woth* Hewkvkr# ot ojnrklskm aer Nhojl*

Ojnrklsojf Clèur Rremuntovoty ljm ^knterlc Pklccenltoej

OIA (0221/ suffksts thlt l sofjoaonljt pertoej ea Nhojl&s ojnrklsk oj ]AR hls neik ls werdkrsiofrltk arei cew)premuntovoty sknters codk lfronucturk te hofh)premuntovoty sknters codkiljualnturojf* Vhlt coks lhklm aer Ojmol5

]hk sknterlc ponturks lnress neujtroks suffkst skvkrlc oipertljt iksslfks7

• [jcodk thk nejvkjtoejlc wosmei# Ojmol meks jet hlvk ierk pkepck oj lfronucturk

thlj ethkr Lsolj neujtroks lt soioclr stlfks ea mkvkcepikjt* ]hk shlrk ea werdkrsmkpkjmkjt ej lfronucturk hls `kkj shrojdojf lt l soioclr plnk* Hewkvkr# thk plnk ea shrojdlfk os skt te ojnrklsk oa Ojmol os te aeccew thk trlgkntery ea thksk ethkr neujtroks*

• Ejk pre`cki os thlt whock ojmustry os nrkltojf ge`s# thksk hlvk `kkj rkcltovkcy cew)premuntovoty ge`s* Ls l rksuct# pkr nlpotl ojneik oj Ojmol hls jet `kjkaotkm ls iunh areiojtkr)sknterlc iofrltoej ea werdkrs eut ea lfronucturk ls ethkr Lsolj neujtroks hlvk*

• L sknejm pre`cki os thlt thk hofh)premuntovoty skrvonks sknter os jet l`ck te nrkltkkipceyikjt neiikjsurltk woth ots frewth oj vlcuk lmmkm*

Hew iljy ge`s wocc `k iossojf5

Ncklrcy# thkrk os l neiojf trljsotoej ea werdkrs eut ea lfronucturk oa wk aeccew thk plth ea ethkrLsolj neujtroks* Oj lmmotoej# thk mkiefrlphon movomkjm wocc kjsurk ierk werdkrs geojojf thk

clèur aernk* Hew iljy werdkrs wocc ojmustry ljm skrvonks hlvk te l`ser` oj thk jkxt mknlmk5Hew iljy wocc thky l`ser` oa thky nejtojuk nrkltojf ge`s ls thky hlvk oj thk plst5 Neucm thkmkiefrlphon movomkjm turj ojte l mkiefrlphon nursk ls seik hlvk lrfukm5

Oj ermkr te ljswkr thos qukstoej# wk ùocm l akw soipck snkjlroes usojf mltl arei thk VercmMkvkcepikjt Ojmonlters (VMO/ ljm [J Repucltoej Movosoej* Oj thk `lskcojk (]l`ck 0*<# necuijO/# wk lssuik thlt kipceyikjt oj ojmustry ljm skrvonks wocc frew murojf 02<2)02 lt thk slikrltk ls murojf thk prkvoeus mknlmk* ]hk shlrk ea kipceyikjt oj lfronucturk wocc alcc te =2 pkrnkjt `y 0202 (thk slik ckvkc ls thlt ea Nhojl oj 02<2/* Repucltoej oj thk werdojf lfk freupwocc frew `lskm ej pregkntoejs `y thk [J Repucltoej Movosoej* Vk lssuik thk clèur aernkplrtonopltoej rltk ljm thk ujkipceyikjt rltk te `k ujnhljfkm lt 02<2 ckvkcs* [jmkr thos`lskcojk snkjlroe# 0*8 ioccoej ge`s wocc `k iossojf `y 0202* ]e put thos oj pkrspkntovk# thos woccejcy `k 2*; pkr nkjt ea thk clèur aernk* Vhock ljy shertalcc oj ge`s os pre`ckilton# thkrk meksjet skki lj oiikmoltk nlusk aer lclri*



VH_ O^ @[ÔJK^^ JE] NPKL]OJF IEPK RPEM[N]OQK GE@^5

Oj Ojmol# tee iljy silcc aoris stly silcc ljm ujpremuntovk ljm lrk jet lccewkm te mokfrlnkauccy* ]ee iljy clrfk preaotl`ck aoris prkakr rkcyojf ej tkiperlry nejtrlnt clèur ljm ilnhojks thlj ej trlojojf werdkrs aer cejfkr)tkri ge`s* ]hos skntoej hls tweplrts))oj thk aorst# wk wocc kxliojk thk oipkmoikjts te thk aerilcozltoej ljm frewth ea silccùsojkssks* Oj thk sknejm# wk wocc kxliojk thk sotultoej ea clèur# ljm why clrfk aerilcùsojkssks ily `k se lvkrsk te horojf* Oipkmoikjts te thk kikrfkjnk ljm frewth ea ùsojkss

Ls l freup# ot os kstoiltkm thlt ionre# silcc# ljm ikmoui kjtkrprosks (IÎKs/> kipcey 8< ioccoej pkepck oj >1 ioccoej ujots lnress thk neujtry=* _kt# iljy ea thksk aoris lrk ujl`ckte frew ljm%er kvkj shut mewj* Hsokh ljm Dckjew (02<</ ojmonltk thlt ls neiplrkm tesurvovojf silcc aoris oj thk [jotkm ^tltks# whonh frew spkntlnuclrcy# survovojf silcc aoris ojIkxone frew iemkrltkcy# whock survovojf silcc aoris oj Ojmol shrojd* Rremuntovoty osneiikjsurltkcy cewkr oj Ojmol* Ojmkkm# wothoj thk IÎK freup# thkrk os l strejf nejnkjtrltoejea silcc kjtkrprosks ljm jklr jej)kxostkjnk ea ikmoui kjtkrprosks (skk Aofurk 0*<0/* Ljm thltos thk rklc nhlcckjfk ea thk IÎK sknter))te `k l`ck te jet gust stlrt up# ùt lcse nejtojuk tefrew# thkrk`y `kneiojf l seurnk ea sustlojl`ck ge`s ljm vlcuk nrkltoej*

]ee iljy aoris oj Ojmol stly silcc # ujrkfostkrkm# ujojnerperltkm# clrfkcy ojaerilc# er ojthk ujerfljozkm sknter `knlusk thky nlj lveom rkfucltoejs ljm tlxks* ]hksk aoris hlvkcottck ojnkjtovk te ojvkst oj upfrlmojf sdoccs ea clrfkcy tkiperlry werdkrs er oj ojvkstojf ojnlpotlc kquopikjt thlt neucm `rojf thki ojte thk tlx jkt# se thkor premuntovoty stlys cew* Cew

premuntovoty fovks thki cottck ojnkjtovk te frew# neipcktojf thk vonoeus nornck*

Pkfucltoejs ]hk rkfucltery kjvorejikjt pclys lj oipertljt reck oj thk coaknynck))òrth# frewth# ljm mklth))ea IÎKs* Lnnermojf te thk Vercm @ljd&s Meojf @usojkss 02<> mltl# Ojmol rljds <>0eut ea <8; neujtroks oj klsk ea meojf ùsojkss* ^tlrtojf l ùsojkss whkrk Ojmol rljds <6>#tldks lèut <0 prenkmurks# 06 mlys# ljm l plom up nlpotlc ea <=2 pkr nkjt ea pkr nlpotlojneik* @y nejtrlst# ot tldks ejcy 6 prenkmurks# <? mlys# ljm <8 pkr nkjt ea pkr nlpotl ojneikej lvkrlfk aer eur jkofhèurs oj êuth Lsol*Fkttojf aujmojf@ljds ljm ethkr aojljnolc ojstotutoejs lrk wlry ea ckjmojf te IÎKs `knlusk thky clnd lmkqultk nrkmot hosteroks er neccltkrlc * L ncustkr)nkjtron lpprelnh os ejk wly ea lmmrkssojf thos `knlusk ot rkmunks trljslntoejs nests aer thk ckjmkr# whock rkpkltkm

ojtkrlntoejs aer l ckjmkr woth ncustkr iki`krs ojnrklsks thk snepk aer ùocmojf trust* Vhockthkrk hlvk `kkj kaaerts te alnocotltk thksk# thkor nevkrlfk os stocc silcc* ^nhkiks sunh ls nrkmotfulrljtkks `y thk îlcc Ojmustry Mkvkcepikjt @elrm ea Ojmol (ÔM@O/ hlvk `kkj uskauc# ùtthkrk lrk flps* Fkttojf lnnkss te qulcoty ojarlstrunturk*



]hk l`skjnk ea qulcoty ojarlstrunturk”relms# utocotoks# rklc kstltk# cefostons”ojnrklskstrljslntoej nests mosprepertoejltkcy aer IÎKs whonh typonlccy nljjet nrkltk nusteiozkmlctkrjltovks sunh ls lnnkss relms ljm nlptovk pewkr pcljts whonh clrfkr aoris nlj* Clnd ea thossuppertojf ojarlstrunturk nlusks frkltkr nlsh ùrj ljm mostrlntoej ea iljlfkikjt arei nerkùsojkss epkrltoejs* Ejk nejstrlojt oj nrkltojf ojarlstrunturk er skttojf up ùsojkssks os cljmlnquosotoej* Clèur Rrlntonks ls Resso`ck Oipkmoikjts te Frewth

]hus alr wk hlvk jet kxliojkm clèur prlntonks morkntcy* Ojmol hls l jui`kr ea clèurprlntonks thlt# knejeiosts hlvk lrfukm# aurthkr oipkmk thk nrkltoej ea premuntovk ge`s oj thkclrfksnlck erfljozkm sknter* ]hkrk kxosts nejsomkrl`ck vlroltoej oj horojf prlntonks lnress aorisea moaakrkjt sozks oj Ojmol* Meufhkrty (0228/ usks l ikthemecefy soioclr te Mlvos kt lc* (<??8/ljm mltl up te 022= te kstoiltk thk kipceyikjt myjlions oj thk erfljozkm iljualnturojfsknter oj Ojmol* ]hk stumy aojms thlt thk ge` nrkltoej rltk os iunh òffkr aer silcc aoristhlj aer clrfk ejks4 ej thk ethkr hljm thk ge` mkstruntoej rltk os hofhkr oj clrfk aoris# woththk rksuct thlt thk jkt kipceyikjt rltk oj clrfk aoris os jkfltovk ljm strodojfcy silcckr thlj ojsilcc aoris*

@ex 0*0 7 ]hk MION7 Lj Ojtkfrltkm Lpprelnh te Ojmustrolc Frewth ljm Mkvkcepikjt'

]hk MION os `kojf mkvkcepkm `y thk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol woth l vokw te usojf thk hofh)nlplnoty wkstkrj Mkmonltkm Arkofht Nerromer ls l `lndèjk aer nrkltojf l fce`lciljualnturojf ljm ojvkstikjt mkstojltoej* ]hk pregknt skkds te mkvkcep l skroks ea auturoston

ojarlstrunturk)kjmewkm silrt ojmustrolc notoks thlt nlj neipktk woth thk `kst ojtkrjltoejlciljualnturojf ljm ojmustrolc rkfoejs* ]hk ilstkr pclj hls l vosoej aer 0= iljualnturojfnotoks* Retkjtolc premuntoej sknters ojncumk fkjkrlc iljualnturojf# O]%O]K^ neipejkjts#kckntrejons# lfre ljm aeem prenkssojf# hklvy kjfojkkrojf# phlrilnkutonlcs# òetknhjecefy# ljmskrvonks* Ojvkstikjt os pkffkm lt -?2 òccoej* ]hk MION wls nejnkovkm `y thk Iojostry ea Knejeiy# ]rlmk# ljm Ojmustry (IK]O/ ea Glplj ljm thk Iojostry ea Neiikrnk ljm Ojmustry (IeNO/ ea Ojmol* Resso`ck senoe)knejeion oiplnt7 ]hk MION Rregknt Ojacukjnk Lrkl ea =>1#=81 sq* di os lèut <>*8 pkr nkjt ea Ojmol‟s fkefrlphonlc lrkl* Ot kxtkjms evkr skvkjstltks ljm twe ujoej tkrroteroks# voz* Mkcho# [ttlr Rrlmksh# Hlryljl# Plglsthlj# IlmhylRrlmksh# Fuglrlt# Ilhlrlshtrl# Mlilj ljm Mou# ljm Mlmrl ljm Jlflr Hlvkco* Lreujm <6 pkrnkjt ea thk neujtry‟s tetlc pepucltoej wocc `k laakntkm* ]hk pregknt felcs lrk te meu`ckkipceyikjt petkjtolc oj 6 yklrs# tropck ojmustrolc eutput oj ? yklrs# qulmrupck kxperts arei thkrkfoej oj 8)? yklrs# ljm tlrfkt <>)<= pkr nkjt frewth pkr ljjui aer thk iljualnturojf sknter

ej l sustlojkm `lsos evkr jkxt thrkk yklrs*[r`lj fevkrjljnk7 ]hk ojjevltovk ur`lj fevkrjljnk arlikwerd nerperltozks thkur`ljozltoej prenkss* ]hk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt wocc nrkltk l nerpus aujm# thk MION RregkntOipckikjtltoej Pkvecvojf Aujm# ls l trust lmiojostkrkm `y l èlrm ea trustkks* ]hk aujm woccnejtroùtk mk`t ljm kquoty te thk spknolc purpesk vkhoncks (^RQs/ ej l nlsk)`y)nlsk `lsos* ]hk



stltk fevkrjikjt wocc ildk cljm lvlocl`ck* ]hk noty ^RQs wocc `k vkstkm woth thkrkspejsoòcotoks ea pcljjojf ljm mkvkcepikjt ljm thk pewkr te ckvy uskr akks* ]hk ^RQs lrk te`k neipljoks ujmkr thk Neipljoks Lnt* ]hk vlcultoej ojnrklsks arei ur`ljozltoej ljmmkvkcepikjt wocc lnnruk te thk noty)ckvkc ^RQs# ljm wocc `k rkojvkstkm oj thk notoks* ]hk ojotolcnejstruntoej ea thk notoks wocc `k mejk threufh pregknt iljlfkrs woth fce`lc kxpkrokjnk# whewocc nejtrec# iejoter# rkvokw# ljm supkrvosk thk mktlockm kjfojkkrojf*

Aojljnojf7 ]hk `lson prevosoej ea trujd ojarlstrunturk os ujcodkcy te `k neiikrnolccy vol`ck* ]hos weucm rkquork fevkrjikjt aujmojf* ûnh ojtkrjlc ojarlstrunturk pregknts ojncumk cljmoiprevkikjt# relm werds# klrthwerds# skwkrlfk# steri wltkr mrlojlfk# aceem iljlfkikjt#ljm secom wlstk iljlfkikjt* Ejnk sunh ojarlstrunturk os oj pclnk# thk su`skqukjt lmmotoejs tethk notoks wocc `k neiikrnolccy vol ck ljm nlj `k oipckikjtkm threufh pu`con provltkplrtjkrshops (RRRs/* Aer ilger ojarlstrunturk lntovotoks sunh ls pewkr pcljts# ojtkfrltkmtewjshops# ljm hofhwlys# RRR pregknts lrk pcljjkm* Qlroeus seurnks ea aojljnk ojncumojfiuctocltkrlc# òcltkrlc# ljm meikston fevkrjikjt aujmojf lrk pcljjkm*

Rhysonlc ojarlstrunturk7 Lt thk hklrt ea thk ojarlstrunturk os thk Iucto)iemlc Hofh Lxck CelmMkmonltkm Arkofht Nerromer (MAN/# l hofh)nlplnoty rlocwly systki* Ot wocc nevkr <=8> di ljm wocchlvk jojk gujntoej stltoejs lcejf whonh ethkr rlocrelm jktwerds wocc nejjknt lccewojf thksystki te kxtkjm ots rklnh lnress l womk swlthk* Ethkr ojarlstrunturk pcljs ojncumk cefoston

hu`s# akkmkr relms# pewkr fkjkrltoej alnocotoks# up)frlmltoej ea kxostojf perts ljm lorperts#mkvkcepojf frkkjaokcm perts# kjvorejikjt pretkntoej iknhljosis# ljm senolc ojarlstrunturk*Ojmustrolc ojarlstrunturk7 ]hk pregknt skkds te upfrlmk kxostojf ojmustrolc ncustkrs ljm lcsemkvkcep jkw ojmustrolc alnocotoks* ]hksk wocc `k mkvkcepkm ej thk nejnkpt ea jemk)`lskmmkvkcepikjt `lskm ej Ojvkstikjt Pkfoejs (OPs/ ljm Ojmustrolc Lrkls (OLs/* ]hksk lrk prepeskmls skca)sustlojojf ojmustrolc tewjshops woth wercm)nclss ojarlstrunturk ojncumojfmeikston%ojtkrjltoejlc lor nejjkntovoty# rkcol`ck pewkr# ljm neipktotovk ùsojkss kjvorejikjt*OPs wocc hlvk l iojoiui lrkl ea 022 sq* di ljm OLs <22 sq* di* Oj lcc 0= iljualnturojf notoks(OPs ljm OLs/ lrk pcljjkm* ^kvkj ilger iljualnturojf notoks lrk `kojf pcljjkm aer thk aorstphlsk* ]hksk wocc skrvk ls thk dky jemks aer evkrlcc frewth ljm mkvkcepikjt*

^docc mkvkcepikjt7 ]hk sdocc)ùocmojf strltkfy ujmkrcyojf thk MION os `lskm ej l hu`)ljm)spedk iemkc* ]hkrk wocc `k ejk ^docc Mkvkcepikjt Nkjtrk oj kvkry stltk woth su`somolry

ojstotutoejs cojdkm te ot* Nurronucl wocc `k `lskm ej thk typks ea ojmustroks cenltkm oj thk rkfoejljm omkjtoaokm rkfoejlc strkjfths*

Cljm lnquosotoej7 Cljm lnquosotoej lppklrs te `k l ilger nhlcckjfk* Moaakrkjt stltkfevkrjikjts lrk lmeptojf movkrsk lpprelnhks aer mklcojf woth thk ossuk* Fuglrlt hls l cljm)peecojf iemkc whkrk`y ;2 pkr nkjt ea thk cljm os lnquorkm whock thk rkilojojf ;2pkr nkjt osckat woth thk erofojlc ewjkrs fovojf thki l stldk oj thk upsomks fkjkrltkm `y cljmiejktozltoej* Ilhlrlshtrl lccews aer jkfetoltkm purnhlsk ojvecvojf vlroeus stldkhecmkrs* OjHlryljl ljm Plglsthlj# trujd ljm ojmustrolc ojarlstrunturk lrk nrkltkm `y thk stltkfevkrjikjts ùt provltk mkvkcepkrs morkntcy plrtonopltk oj thk ethkr lntovotoks* ]hk vlcukojnrklsk os nlpturkm `y thk stltks threufh mkvkcepikjt akks* Aurthkrierk# oj thk ojotolc MIONilstkr)pcljjojf prenkss# thk lttkipt wls ilmk te omkjtoay clrfk# klsy)te)lnquork cljm plrnkcsthlt wkrk kothkr `lrrkj er fevkrjikjt ewjkm* Kjvorejikjtlc ncklrljnks7 ]hk ilstkr)pcljjojfprenkss hls `kkj lppcokm aer l fkjkrlc ]kris ea Pkakrkjnk ncklrljnk# whonh hls lcrklmy `kkje`tlojkm* ]hos hls rkmunkm thk neipcoljnk celm aer ojmovomulc pregknt ncklrljnks* ]hkojmovomulc pregknts wocc jew jkkm te fkt thkor mrlat oiplnt lsskssikjts ncklrkm `y thkrkspkntovk stltk peccutoej nejtrec lutherotoks*

Rewkr ojarlstrunturk7 Rewkr aer thk ojmustrolc ljm rksomkjtolc zejks os lj ksskjtolc rkquorkikjt* ]hk prevosoej ea wercm nclss pewkr ojarlstrunturk wocc rkquork 0=X6 feem qulcoty suppcy* ]hkilger pewkr ojputs wocc neik arei sox fls)`lskm pregknts ea lreujm <222)<022IV klnh* Ethkrpewkr eptoejs ojncumk thk usk ea rkjkwl`ck kjkrfy seurnks ojtkfrltkm threufh l silrt from*Vltkr iljlfkikjt7 ]hk MION plssks threufh rkcltovkcy lrom plrts ea thk neujtry* ]hk vlroeusojmustrolc hu`s lrk te hlvk ojtkfrltkm wltkr rkseurnk iljlfkikjt pcljs mrlwojf upej ckssejsarei neujtroks sunh ls ôjflperk* Ot os prepeskm te ildk klnh iljualnturojf noty skca)rkcoljtljm sustlojl`ck oj tkris ea ots wltkr rkquorkikjts* Pknyncojf os l ilger strltkfy oj lcc thkojmustrolc jemks*

'Rrkplrkm `y ûproye Mk* ]hljds lrk muk te Liotl`h Dljt# Nhoka Kxknutovk Eaaonkr ljmIljlfojf Morknter ljm L`hoshkd Nhlumhlry# Qonk)Rrksomkjt# Mkcho)Iui`lo Ojmustrolc NerromerMkvkcepikjt Nerperltoej Coiotkm aer vlcul`ck ojsofhts*



@ex 0*> 7 ]hk Juts ljm @ects ea Oiprevojf @usojkss Ncoiltk aer îlcc @usojkssks'

]hkrk lrk skvkrlc rkfucltery nhljfks thlt nlj `k ilmk te oiprevk thk ùsojkss ncoiltk aerIÎKs* Aeriucltk l neiiej pecony ej ùsojkss mkvkcepikjt ljm rkfucltoej7 ]hkrk lrk l vlstjui`kr ea ùsojkss rkfucltoejs thlt eatkj evkrclp ljm seiktoiks nejtrlmont klnh ethkr* Lneiiej pecony ljm lj ojstotutoejlc lrnhotknturk evkrskkojf lcc ùsojkss rkfucltoejs wocc hkcp

nejsecomltk ljm kjlnt nhljfks*Hkcp ùsojkss alnocotltoej7 Kstl`cosh ojmkpkjmkjt alnocotltoej ljm neermojltoej lfkjnoks lsRRR skrvonk neipljoks woth iljmltk arei thk stltk fevkrjikjt# stlaakm woth spknolcosts ljmrkspejso`ck aer fkttojf werd mejk threufh vlroeus mkplrtikjts aer stlrtojf up ljm rujjojf ea ùsojkssks* ]hksk lfkjnoks wocc lcse hkcp lrrljfk skrvonks sunh ls aojljnojf# aojmojf rlwiltkrolc suppcokrs# ljm ilrdktojf premunts* ]hky wocc nhlrfk l akk aer seik ea thk skrvonksprevomkm# ljm `k aojljnolccy skca suaaonokjt*

ôipcoay rkfostrltoejs aer stlrtojf up7 Nrkltk l ejk)step ejcojk rkfostrltoej systki aertoik)èujm rkfostrltoejs aer stlrtojf l ùsojkss* ]hk lppconljt wocc jkkm te aock l sojfcklppconltoej ej thk wk`sotk# woth thk rkquorkm ojaeriltoej `kojf pondkm up `y klnh fevkrjikjtmkplrtikjt* Evkr toik# thos prenkss nlj `k kxtkjmkm te ethkr lntovotoks sunh ls trlmojf lnressèrmkrs ljm plyojf tlxks* ]hos wocc rkquork mktlockm ilppojf kxkrnosks ljm skttojf up ea l ‘`kstprlntonks‟ arlikwerd* Klsk ùrmkj ea neipcoljnk ls thk aori frews7 Kjl`ck neipcoljnk rltojfsea IÎKs (threufh OÊ)codk neiiej stljmlrms/ ljm lccew klsokr neipcoljnk jeris te aoriswoth hofhkr rltojfs* Klsokr jeris nlj tldk thk aeri ea soipckr prenkmurks (sunh ls skca)nkrtoaonltoej/ lnress fevkrjikjt mkplrtikjts* Aer ojstljnk# l neipljy woth l feem hostery ea tlx neipcoljnk sheucm `k trkltkm ls l feem notozkj whkj ot mklcs woth thk peccutoej nejtrecèlrm* Evkr toik# hofh neipcoljnk rltojfs neucm lcse lnt ls l sofjlc te aojljnokrs ljm kjl`ckklsokr lnnkss te nrkmot*

Lccew aer klsy kxots7 ]hk lrmueus prenkss ea kxot aer ujsunnkssauc neipljoks jkkms te `kilmk soipckr# alstkr# ljm nhklpkr*

]rljsaeri kipceyikjt kxnhljfks te kjl`ck kaakntovk ge` iltnhojf7 ]rljsaeri thk<#222)emm kipceyikjt kxnhljfks lnress stltks ojte nlrkkr nkjtrks eaakrojf neujskccojf#lsskssikjts# lpprkjtonkshops# trlojojf# ljm ge`s*

Oiprevk vlcuk%`kjkaots arei stltutery prk)kiptoejs7 Nurrkjtcy aer cew wlfk werdkrs ojaerilc kipceyikjt# thk pcktherl ea stltutery prk)kiptoejs# kspknolccy aer prevomkjt aujm ljmhklcth ojsurljnk# nlj cklm te vkry cew jkt slclry ljm lnt ls mosojnkjtovk te aerilckipceyikjt* ]hk vlcuk ljm `kjkaots rknkovkm arei thksk prk)kiptoejs nlj `k oiprevkm `ykjneurlfojf neipktotoej `ktwkkj moaakrkjt pkjsoej ljm hklcth snhkiks*

Pkmunk lttrlntovkjkss ea stlyojf silcc7 Frewojf òffkr os ujlttrlntovk `knlusk seik ea thk `kjkaots tlrfktkm lt IÎKs lrk wothmrlwj kvkj whock jkw rkfucltoejs ljm e`cofltoejs dondoj* Ojjevltovk lpprelnhks lrk jkkmkm aer fovojf IÎKs thk ojnkjtovk te frew* Aer ojstljnk#jkw rkfucltoejs neucm `k dkpt oj l`kyljnk aer l pkroem latkr thk IÎK nressks thk sozkthrkshecm thlt weucm rkquork ot te ikkt thk rkfucltoej* ' Rrkplrkm `y Rrljguc @hljmlro

@ex 0*= 7 Clèur Pkfucltoejs 7 Oipkmoikjt te Frewth ljm ôzk ea Ojmolj aoris ojIljualnturojf'

L rlpom kxpljsoej ea thk iljualnturojf sknter hls `kkj l dky kckikjt ea thk frewthkxpkrokjnk ea sunnkssauc mkvkcepojf neujtroks# kspknolccy clèur)lùjmljt ejks* Oj thosnejtkxt# thk Ojmolj iljualnturojf sknter kxho ots iljy pknucolrotoks7 aorst# ls lcsemenuikjtkm klrcokr oj thk nhlptkr# ot nejtroùtks l rlthkr silcc ljm stlfjljt shlrk teFMR4 sknejm# ots neipesotoej os ierk sdkwkm tewlrms sdocc) ljm nlpotlc)ojtkjsovklntovotoks neiplrkm te neujtroks lt soioclr ckvkcs ea mkvkcepikjt4< thorm# ejcy l silcc shlrkea kipceyikjt oj iljualnturojf os oj erfljozkm iljualnturojf (thk ujerfljozkmiljualnturojf sknter lnneujtkm aer lciest 62 pkr nkjt ea tetlc iljualnturojf kipceyikjt oj022?)<20/4 ljm aeurth# kipceyikjt os hklvocy nejnkjtrltkm oj silcc aoris (Aofurk </* ]hkmkfrkk ea nejnkjtrltoej os iunh hofhkr thlj oj ethkr Lsolj neujtroks* Aer kxlipck# thk shlrkea ionre ljm silcc kjtkrprosks oj iljualnturojf kipceyikjt os 8= pkr nkjt aer Ojmol vkrsus06*; pkr nkjt aer Ilclysol ljm 0=*8 pkr nkjt aer Nhojl*

]hksk nhlrlntkrostons ea Ojmolj iljualnturojf lrk quotk puzzcojf oj thlt premunt ilrdktrkaeris sojnk thk klrcy <??2s”ojncumojf mrlilton trlmk co`krlcozltoej ljm vortulc lècoshikjtea thk ojmustrolc conkjsojf rkfoik”hlvk `kkj proilrocy aenuskm ej rkievojf vlroeusnejstrlojts ej thk iljualnturojf sknter* Hew thkj meks ejk kxpcloj thk pknucolrotoks ea thkOjmolj iljualnturojf sknter5 ^kvkrlc thkeroks hlvk `kkj put aerwlrm te kxpcloj thos puzzck#



rljfojf arei stront clèur clws thlt hlvk hojmkrkm frewth# kspknolccy ea clèur)ojtkjsovkojmustroks# ojarlstrunturk èttckjknds thlt hlvk prkvkjtkm ojmustroks arei tldojf lmvljtlfk ea rkaeris# ljm nrkmot nejstrlojts muk te wkldjkssks oj thk aojljnolc sknter whonh ily `k hecmojf`lnd silcc ljm ikmoui sozkm aoris arei kxpljmojf*

Ojmol‟s clèur rkfucltoejs hlvk `kkj nrotonozkm ej iljy freujms ojncumojf shkkr sozk ljm snepk# thkor neipckxoty# ljm ojnejsostkjnoks lnress rkfucltoejs* ]hkrk lrk =; moaakrkjt jltoejlc) ljm

stltk)ckvkc clèur ckfoscltoejs oj Ojmol (Rljlflroyl 0228/* ]hk clèur clws lppcy ejcy te thkerfljozkm sknter* Ls thk sozk ea l alntery frews# ot ojnrklsojfcy `kneiks su`gknt te ierkckfoscltoej* L akw spknoaon poknks ea thk ckfoscltoej lrk plrtonuclrcy nejstrlojojf* Lnnermojf teNhlptkr Q@ ea thk Ojmustrolc Mosputks Lnt (OML/# ot os jknksslry aer aoris kipceyojf ierkthlj <22 werdkrs te e`tloj thk pkriossoej ea stltk fevkrjikjts oj ermkr te rktrkjnher cly eaa werdkrs* Vhock thk OML meks jet prehoòt rktrkjnhikjt# stltks hlvk eatkj `kkjujwoccojf te frljt pkriossoej* ^kntoej ?L ea thk OML clys eut thk prenkmurks thlt iust `kaeccewkm `y kipceykrs `kaerk nhljfojf thk tkris ljm nejmotoejs ea werd# whonh ojtremunkslmmotoejlc rofomotoks aer aoris oj usojf thkor kxostojf werdkrs kaakntovkcy*> Oj plrtonuclr# werdkrnejskjt os rkquorkm oj ermkr te iemoay ge` mksnroptoejs er ievk werdkrs arei ejk pcljt teljethkr oj rkspejsk te nhljfojf ilrdkt nejmotoejs*

Hew me thksk rkfucltoejs laaknt thk iljualnturojf sknter quljtotltovkcy5 @kscky ljm @urfkss

(022=/ aojm thlt ojmustrolc pkraeriljnk hls `kkj wkldkr oj stltks woth pre)werdkr clèur clws* ]hkrk hlvk lcse `kkj skvkrlc rknkjt stumoks thlt kstl`cosh thk oipertljnk ea clèurrkfucltoejs*= Kstoiltks usojf pcljt)ckvkc mltl suffkst thlt aoris oj clèur ojtkjsovk ojmustroksljm oj stltks woth ackxo`ck clèur clws hlvk <= pkr nkjt hofhkr ]AR thlj thkor neujtkrplrts ojstltks woth ierk strojfkjt clèur clws* Ierkevkr# thk oiplnt ea mkconkjsojf hls `kkj hofhcyujkvkj lnress ojmustroks wothoj Ojmol‟s erfljozkm iljualnturojf sknter* Oj plrtonuclr# clèur)ojtkjsovk ojmustroks hlvk kxpkrokjnkm silcckr flojs arei rkaeris* Oj lmmotoej# stltks wothrkcltovkcy ojackxo`ck clèur rkfucltoejs hlvk kxpkrokjnkm scewkr frewth ea clèur)ojtkjsovkojmustroks ljm kipceyikjt (Aofurk 0/* Aurthkr# thk moaakrkjnk oj thk pkraeriljnk ea clèur)ojtkjsovk ojmustroks oj stltks woth ackxo`ck clèur clws ljm stltks woth ojackxo`ck clèur clws hlsojnrklskm evkr toik* Clèur clws ily lcse `k lj oipertljt alnter rkspejso`ck aer thk sdkwkmmostroùtoej ea sozk oj Ojmolj ojmustroks (Aofurk >/* Aoris oj stltks woth ierk ojackxo`ck clèurrkfucltoejs tkjm te `k silcckr# kspknolccy oj thk clèur)ojtkjsovk su`sknters ea iljualnturojf*

L nejtrlrolj vokw os thlt Ojmolj ùsojkssks hlvk cklrjt te fkt lreujm thk clws `y horojfnejtrlntulc clèur# eutseurnojf jejnerk lntovotoks# ktn*4 ot os thus lrfukm thlt clèurrkfucltoejs lrk jet l òjmojf nejstrlojt te ojmustrolc pkraeriljnk ljm kipceyikjt frewth*Ojmkkm# oj survkys ea aoris# ùsojkssks me jet cost clèur clws liejf thk tep nejstrlojojfalnters* Ejk wly ea rknejnocojf thos rkspejsk woth thk systkilton kiporonlc kvomkjnk mosnusskmhkrk os thlt aoris hlvk cklrjkm te lmlpt te thk clèur clws”`y kothkr jet horojf pkriljkjtwerdkrs er `y stlyojf `kcew thk thrkshecm ea thksk clws”ljm thkrkaerk thky me jet skk thkils l nejstrlojt* Ls peojtkm eut oj Drukfkr (0226/# thk neujtkralntulc ea whkthkr clèur clwsweucm nejstrloj aoris thlt weucm kikrfk oj thk l`skjnk ea stront clèur clws nljjet `knlpturkm oj thk survkys* Ierkevkr# thk lmvkrsk nejskqukjnks ea thk clèur clws nlj `kojakrrkm arei thk cew rltk ea ge` nrkltoej oj thk aerilc sknter# cew premuntovoty oj thk ojaerilcsknter# ljm silcc aori sozk# kspknolccy oj clèur)ojtkjsovk ojmustroks ljm stltks woth ierk

ojackxo`ck clèur clws*VH_ LPK ^KPQONK^ JE] NPKL]OJF GE@^5

Ls hls `kkj mosnusskm klrcokr# whock thk shlrk ea kipceyikjt oj skrvonks wls rkcltovkcy hofh lttldk eaa# ots frewth hls sojnk thkj `kkj scew* Lt thk slik toik# thk shlrk oj vlcuk lmmkm#whonh wls hofh lt tldk)eaa# hls nejtojukm te rosk quondcy* ]hos oipcoks thlt whock premuntovoty oj thk sknter hls `kkj hofh# thk skrvonks sknter os jet nrkltojf iljy ge`s))thk eppesotkea thk pre`cki woth ojmustry*

êik oipkmoikjts te ùsojkss nrkltoej sunh ls rkfucltery hurmcks ljm lnnkss te aujmojf ljmojarlstrunturk ily `k neiiej `ktwkkj skrvonks ljm ojmustry* Clèur rkfucltoejs lrk lcsecodkcy te nejstrloj nrkltoej ea ge`s oj skrvonks* Aer kxlipck# 06 pkr nkjt ea rktloc sterks oj Ojmolrkpert clèur rkfucltoejs ls l pre`cki aer thkor ùsojkssks (Lioj 0228/;* @ut whlt stljms eutaer thk skrvonks sknter os thk oipertljnk ea kmunltoej ljm sdoccojf* ûotl`ck hofhkr kmunltoej os

oipertljt aer hofh)kjm skrvonks sunh ls ojaeriltoej tknhjecefy# seatwlrk mkvkcepikjt# ljmaojljnk* Iom)ckvkc skrvonks sunh ls rktloc trlmk# hetkcs# ljm rkstlurljt skrvonks lcse rkquorklmkqultk sdoccojf ea thk clèur aernk*

^nhkiks sunh ls thk aerilc lpprkjtonkshop prefrliik ea thk fevkrjikjt# whonh pclnkskipceykrs lt thk hklrt ea kmunltoej# nlj pcly l pewkrauc reck oj oiplrtojf ge`)rkckvljt sdoccs



ljm lcse rktrlojojf# prkplrojf# ljm upfrlmojf thk clèur aernk* Oj ots nurrkjt aeri# thk Lnt ljmthk rucks fevkrjojf lpprkjtonkshops lrk eutmltkm ljm rofom arei èth thk pkrspkntovk ea kipceykrs ljm kipceykks* @ex 0*6 mosnussks thk nurrkjt Lnt%rucks ljm suffksts nhljfks thltjkkm te `k ilmk*

]hk nhlcckjfk os te lmmrkss èth qulcoty ljm quljtoty ossuks oj sdocc mkvkcepikjt ljm trlojojfse ls te nerrknt thk iosiltnh `ktwkkj kipceykrs whe me jet fkt pkepck woth rkquosotk sdoccs

ljm ioccoejs ea ge` skkdkrs whe me jet fkt kipceyikjt* ]e thos kjm# thk Jltoejlc ^doccMkvkcepikjt Iossoej lois te oiplrt kipceyikjt)erokjtkm venltoejlc trlojojf te 8 nrerkpkepck evkr thk jkxt aovk yklrs `y werdojf woth stltk fevkrjikjts%^tltk ^docc Iossoejs ljmojnerperltojf thk provltk sknter (threufh RRRs ljm aer)preaot venltoejlc trlojojf/ ljm JFEs*@lson kmunltoej os lcse lj oipertljt ojput aer kjhljnojf huilj nlpotlc* Pknkjt fevkrjikjtojotoltovks te kxpljm lnnkss te qulcoty proilry kmunltoej lrk oipertljt4 hewkvkr# ierk jkkmste `k mejk Ru`con Aojljnk ]hk aosnlc eutneik ea thk Nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt oj 02<0)<> se alrojmonltks sofjoaonljt oiprevkikjt evkr 02<<)<0* ]hk aosnlc eutneik oj 02<<)<0 wls laakntkm`y ilnreknejeion mkvkcepikjts ea frewth scewmewj# hofh fce`lc nrumk eoc pronks# ljmscuffosh aojljnolc ilrdkt nejmotoejs aer kaakntojf thk ùmfktkm mosojvkstikjt prefrliik* ]hksk mkvkcepikjts nejtojukm threufh thk aorst hlca ea thk nurrkjt yklr*

Ru`con Aojljnk

]hk aosnlc eutneik ea thk Nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt oj 02<0)<> se alr ojmonltks sofjoaonljtoiprevkikjt evkr 02<<)<0* ]hk aosnlc eutneik oj 02<<)<0 wls laakntkm `yilnreknejeion mkvkcepikjts ea frewth scewmewj# hofh fce`lc nrumk eoc pronks#ljm scuffosh aojljnolc ilrdkt nejmotoejs aer kaakntojf thk ùmfktkm mosojvkstikjtprefrliik* ]hksk mkvkcepikjts nejtojukm threufh thk aorst hlca ea thk nurrkjt yklr*

]hk fevkrjikjt thkj pushkm hlrmkr aer rkaeris* Lj ojotolc stkp wls te skt up thk Dkcdlr Neiiottkk* Aeccewojf ots rkneiikjmltoejs# thk fevkrjikjt ujvkockm l rkvoskm aosnlcnejsecomltoej relmilp* ]hk aosnlc pesotoej ea stltks hls nejtojukm te prefrkss woth aosnlc mkaonot ùmfktkm lt 0*< pkr nkjt ea fress meikston premunt (FMR/* ^tlyojf ej thk ojmonltkmaosnlc nejsecomltoej plth os nrotonlc te sustlojojf thk mksorl`ck ilnreknejeion eutneiks jetejcy oj tkris ea hofhkr frewth oj rklc FMR ljm cewkr ojacltoej# ùt lcse oj klsojf thk aojljnojf

ea thk womkjojf nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot (NLM/# aer whonh Ojmol‟s sevkrkofj nrkmot rltojf osoipertljt* Vomkjojf ea thk tlx `lsk ljm proerotozltoej ea kxpkjmoturk lrk dky alnters ojkaakntojf thk mksorkm rkmuntoej oj thk Nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt‟s aosnlc mkaonot evkr thk ikmouitkri# ljm oj rkmunojf thk dky rosds te aosnlc ilrdsiljshop (thk moaakrkjnk `ktwkkj lntulceutneiks ljm ùmfktlry kstoiltks ls l prepertoej ea FMR/*

Aeccewojf thk rkneiikjmltoejs ea thk neiiottkk hklmkm `y Mr Qogly Dkcdlr te nhlcd eut lrelmilp aer aosnlc nejsecomltoej# thk fevkrjikjt ujvkockm l rkvoskm aosnlc nejsecomltoejrelmilp oj Ente`kr 02<0* Ot tlrfktkm l aosnlc mkaonot ea =*8 pkr nkjt ea FMR aer 02<>)<=ljm threufh l nerrkntoej ea 2*1 pkrnkjtlfk peojt klnh yklr thkrklatkr # l aosnlc mkaonot ea >*2 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj 02<1)<6* Nejtreccojf thk kxpkjmoturk ej su`somoks wocc `k nrunolc*Meikston pronks ea pktreckui premunts# plrtonuclrcy mokskc ljm coqukaokm pktreckui fls (CRF/jkkm te `k rloskm oj cojk woth thk pronks prkvlocojf oj ojtkrjltoejlc ilrdkts* L `kfojjojf hls

lcrklmy `kkj ilmk woth thk mknosoej oj ^kptki`kr 02<0 te rlosk thk pronk ea mokskc ljm lflojoj Gljulry 02<> te lccew eoc ilrdktojf neipljoks te ojnrklsk pronks oj silcc ojnrkikjts ltrkfuclr ojtkrvlcs* ]hk jui`kr ea su`somozkm fls nycojmkrs hls lcse `kkj nlppkm lt jojk *Kaaerts wocc lcse hlvk te `k ilmk te nejtloj su`somoks threufh `kttkr tlrfktojf# coiot ethkrkxpkjmoturks# ljm rlosk rkvkjuks evkr toik se ls te tldk thk rkvkjuk te FMR rltoe te 0226)28ckvkcs* ]hk mosojvkstikjt prenkss hls lcse `kkj spkkmkm up*



@lcljnk arei Nurrkjt Pkvkjuks (@NP/7 Ot os thk moaakrkjnk ea rkvkjuk rknkopts ljm thk jej)pclj kxpkjmoturk*



@ex >*= 7 Morknt @kjkaot ]rljsakr (M@]/

]hk M@] pclj wls ojtremunkm ej < Gljulry 02<> woth skvkj snhkiks oj 02 mostronts* Ojmolhls ki`lrdkm ej l M@] snhkik oj skckntkm mostronts whkrkoj ot hls `kkj kjvoslfkm thlt`kjkaots sunh ls snheclrshops# pkjsoejs# ljm IFJPKFL (Ilhltil Fljmho Jltoejlc PurlcKipceyikjt Fulrljtkk Lnt/ wlfks wocc `k morkntcy nrkmotkm te thk `ljd er pest eaaonk lnneujtsea omkjtoaokm `kjkaonolroks* ]hk M@] snhkik wocc jet su`stotutk kjtorkcy aer mkcovkry ea pu`conskrvonks aer jew* Ot wocc rkpclnk jkothkr aeem ljm dkreskjk su`somoks ujmkr thk ]RM^ jerakrtocozkr su`somoks* ]hk M@] os mksofjkm te oiprevk tlrfktojf# rkmunk nerruptoej#kcoiojltk wlstk# nejtrec kxpkjmoturk# ljm alnocotltk rkaeris* Kckntrejon trljsakr ea `kjkaotsos l soipck mksofj nhljfk ljm trljsakrs thlt lrk lcrklmy tldojf pclnk threufh plpkr ljm nlshiemk wocc jew `k mejk threufh kckntrejon trljsakrs* ]hos hls `kkj kjl`ckm `y rlpom recc eut ea Llmhlr ([joquk Omkjtoty/ jew nevkrojf 022 ioccoej pkepck ljm rlpomcy frewojf te nevkr122 ioccoej (jklrcy hlca ea eur pepucltoej/# woth thk Jltoejlc Repucltoej Pkfostkr nevkrojf thkethkr hlca ea thk pepuclnk* ]hk M@] oj tljmki woth sunh ujoquk omkjtoaonltoej wocc kjsurk thlt

thk `kjkaots rklnh thk tlrfkt freups alstkr ljm iojoiozk ojncusoej ljm kxncusoej krrers ls wkccls nerruptoej thlt lrk lssenoltkm woth iljulc prenkssks*

FEQKPJIKJ] MK@]

]hk hofh ckvkcs ea aosnlc mkaonot oj thk pest nrosos pkroem lmmkm te thk evkrlcc mk`t ùrmkj ea thknkjtrlc fevkrjikjt* Rrecejfkm aosnlc mkaonots cklm te lnnuiucltoej ea mk t `kyejm ckvkcssustlojl`ck aer lj knejeiy ljm nlj rksuct oj hofhkr rklc ljm jeiojlc ojtkrkst rltks# scewkrfrewth oj nlpotlc aeriltoej# ljm petkjtolccy cewkr thk rltk ea eutput frewth* ]hk eutstljmojfcolòcotoks ea thk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt wkrk pclnkm lt Ps* ==#18#6<= nrerk# kquovlckjt ea =?*8 pkr nkjt ea FMR lt kjm)Ilrnh 02<0 (]l`ck >*?/* Ls l prepertoej ea FMR# eutstljmojfcolòcotoks (lmgustkm/ ea thk nkjtrk pkldkm lt 16*2 pkr nkjt oj 0220)> ljm hlvk alcckjsu`skqukjtcy jetwothstljmojf thk rosk oj aosnlc mkaonot oj thk pest nrosos yklrs* ]hos os ejlnneujt ea thk alnt thlt frewth oj ojnrkikjtlc lssuiptoej ea colòcotoks hls `kkj cewkr thljthlt ea jeiojlc FMR ljm thk mk`t te FMR rltoe myjlions os lomkm `y thk moaakrkjtolc `ktwkkjjeiojlc FMR frewth ljm jeiojlc ojtkrkst rltks# whonh ildks ot pesso`ck te lnhokvk l frkltkrrkmuntoej threufh l fovkj proilry `lcljnk*

Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol hls thk aeccewojf alveurl`ck aklturks whonh prevomk seik neiaert* (l/Vkofhtkm lvkrlfk ilturoty ea eutstljmojf fevkrjikjt sknurotoks lt ?*8 yklrs os hofhneiplrkm te ojtkrjltoejlc stljmlrms* Lt kjm) Ilrnh 02<0# thk prepertoej ea mk`t ilturojf ojckss thlj ejk yklr wls ejcy >*; pkr nkjt ljm >2*0 pkr nkjt ea eutstljmojf stend hlm l rksomulcilturoty ea up te aovk yklrs* (`/ Iest ea thk pu`con mk`t oj Ojmol os lt aoxkm ojtkrkst rltks* Ea thk tetlc eutstljmojf mltkm sknurotoks# ejcy <*8 pkr nkjt wls ej aceltojf rltk* ]hus ojtkrkstplyikjts lrk clrfkcy ojsucltkm arei ojtkrkst rltk vecltocoty# oiplrtojf stlòcoty te thk @umfkt*(n/ ]hk lvkrlfk nest ea thk mk`t (ojtkrkst plyikjts%mk`t rltoe/ ljm ojtkrkst plyikjts ls l

pkrnkjtlfk ea rkvkjuk rknkopts lrk ej l sknuclr mkncojk# theufh seik rosk wls skkj oj thkplst twe yklrs* Pltoe ea ojtkrkst plyikjts te rkvkjuk rknkopts hls mkncojkm te lreujm>1 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 arei lèut ;2 pkr nkjt oj thk `kfojjojf ea thk 0222s* (m/ L rkcltovkcystl ck wkofhtkm lvkrlfk yokcm ea proilry ossuljnk ojmonltks stl ocoty oj ojtkrkst



plyikjts%rkvkjuk rknkopts ljm ojtkrkst plyikjts%mk`t rltoes# peojtojf tewlrms thksustlojlòcoty ea thk mk`t oj thk neujtry*

^]L]K)CKQKC AOJLJNK^

Vhock thkrk hls `kkj seik strkss oj nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt aojljnks oj rknkjt yklrs# thk aojljnksea stltks lrk oj aojk akttck* ]hk neiòjkm fress aosnlc mkaonot ea stltks mom jet kxnkkm >*2 pkr nkjt ea FMR kvkj oj thk yklrs ea fce`lc nrosos* Latkr rklnhojf l ckvkc ea <*; pkr nkjt ea FMRoj 0226)8# thk aosnlc mkaonot ea stltks resk te 0*? pkr nkjt oj 022?)<2 ùt hls iemkrltkm te 0*<„0*> pkr nkjt su`skqukjtcy Voth thk kxnkptoej ea 022?)<2# thk neiòjkm pesotoej ea stltks ojtkris ea rkvkjuk mkaonot hls `kkj ejk ea surpcus* @ksomks# whlt os jetkwerthy os thltthkrk hls `kkj lj oiprevkikjt oj thk qulcoty ea kxpkjmoturk woth l rosk oj nlpotlc kxpkjmoturk te FMR rltoe ljm mkvkcepikjt kxpkjmoturk*

NEJÊCOML]KM FKJKPLC FEQKPJIKJ]

Ls ojmonltkm klrcokr# aosnlc mkaonot ea thk nkjtrk womkjkm arei =*8 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj 02<2)<< te;*? pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 (PK/* Voth thk aosnlc mkaonot ea stltks kxho otojf l iemkstmktkroerltoej te 0*> pkr nkjt ea FMR# thk aosnlc eutneik oj tkris ea nkjtrk ljm stltksneiòjkm wls pclnkm lt 8*< pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 (PK/ ls lflojst 1*? pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<<(]l`ck >*<2/* Oj 02<0)<> (@K/# aosnlc mkaonot os ùmfktkm te neik mewj te 6*0 pkr nkjt ea FMR*

]hk <=th Aojljnk Neiiossoej wls nejstotutkm ej 0 Gljulry 02<> ujmkr thk Nhloriljshopea Mr _*Q*Pkmmy # aerikr P@O Fevkrjer* Ethkr iki`krs ea thk neiiossoej lrk (o/ RreaksserL`hogot ^kj (oo/ Is ûshil Jlth (ooo/ Mr I*Fevojml Ple (ov/ Mr ûmopte Iujmck* ]hkNeiiossoej‟s iljmltk os mktlockm oj @ex >*;*

@ex >*; 7 ]kris ea Pkakrkjnk ea <=th Aojljnk Neiiossoej

]hk aeccewojf lrk thk `relm ]kris ea Pkakrkjnk ljm thk ilttkrs te `k tldkj ojte nejsomkrltoej`y thk <=th Aojljnk Neiiossoej oj ildojf thk rkneiikjmltoejs7

<* (o/ thk mostroùtoej `ktwkkj thk ujoej ljm stltks ea thk jkt prenkkms ea tlxks whonh lrk te`k# er ily `k# movomkm `ktwkkj thki ujmkr Nhlptkr O# Rlrt XOO ea thk Nejstotutoej ljm thklccenltoej `ktwkkj thk stltks ea thk rkspkntovk shlrks ea sunh prenkkms4 (oo/ thk projnopcks

whonh sheucm fevkrj thk frljts)oj)lom ea thk rkvkjuks ea thk stltks eut ea thkNejsecomltkm Aujm ea Ojmol ljm thk suis te `k plom te thk stltks whonh lrk oj jkkm ea lssostljnk `y wly ea frljts)oj)lom ea thkor rkvkjuks ujmkr lrtonck 06; ea thk Nejstotutoejaer purpesks ethkr thlj thesk spknoaokm oj thk prevoses te nclusk (</ ea thlt lrtonck4 ljm(ooo/ iklsurks jkkmkm te lufikjt thk Nejsecomltkm Aujm ea l stltk te suppckikjt thkrkseurnks ea thk pljnhlylts ljm iujonoplcotoks oj thk stltk ej thk `lsos ea thk



rkneiikjmltoejs ilmk `y thk Aojljnk Neiiossoej ea thk stltk*

0* ]hk Neiiossoej hls `kkj iljmltkm te rkvokw thk stltk ea aojljnks# mkaonot# ljm mk`tckvkcs ea thk ujoej ljm stltks ljm suffkst iklsurks aer ilojtlojojf l stl`ck ljmsustlojl`ck aosnlc kjvorejikjt nejsostkjt woth kquotl`ck frewth ojncumojf suffkstoejs telikjm thk AP@ILs nurrkjtcy oj aernk* ]hk Neiiossoej hls `kkj lsdkm te nejsomkr ljm

rkneiikjm ojnkjtovks ljm mosojnkjtovks aer stltks aer e`skrvojf thk e`cofltoejs clommewj oj thk AP@ILs*

>* Oj ildojf ots rkneiikjmltoejs# thk Neiiossoej ojtkr lcol os rkquorkm te nejsomkr7 thkrkseurnks ea thk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt ljm thk mkiljms ej thk rkseurnks ea thk nkjtrlcfevkrjikjt4 thk rkseurnks ea thk stltk fevkrjikjts ljm mkiljms ej sunh rkseurnksujmkr moaakrkjt hklms# ojncumojf thk oiplnt ea mk`t ckvkcs ej rkseurnk lvloclòcoty oj mk`t)strksskm stltks4 thk e`gkntovk ea jet ejcy `lcljnojf thk rknkopts ljm kxpkjmoturk ejrkvkjuk lnneujt ea lcc thk stltks ljm thk ujoej ùt lcse fkjkrltojf surpcusks aer nlpotlcojvkstikjt4 thk tlxltoej kaaerts ea thk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt ljm klnh stltk fevkrjikjtljm thk petkjtolc aer lmmotoejlc rkseurnk ieòcozltoej4 thk ckvkc ea su`somoks rkquorkm aersustlojl`ck ljm ojncusovk frewth ljm kquotl`ck shlrojf ea su`somoks `ktwkkj thk nkjtrlcljm stltk fevkrjikjts4 thk kxpkjmoturk ej thk jej)slclry neipejkjt ea ilojtkjljnkljm updkkp ea nlpotlc lsskts ljm thk jej)wlfk)rkcltkm ilojtkjljnk kxpkjmoturk ej Rclj

snhkiks te `k neipcktkm `y >< Ilrnh 02<; ljm thk jeris ej thk `lsos ea whonh spknoaonlieujts lrk rkneiikjmkm aer thk ilojtkjljnk ea nlpotlc lsskts ljm thk iljjkr ea iejoterojf sunh kxpkjmoturk4 thk jkkm aer ojsucltojf thk pronojf ea pu`con utocoty skrvonkscodk mrojdojf wltkr# orrofltoej# pewkr #ljm pu con trljspert arei pecony acuntultoejsthreufh stltutery prevosoejs4 thk jkkm aer ildojf pu`con)sknter kjtkrprosks neipktotovkljm ilrdkt erokjtkm4 costojf ljm mosojvkstikjt4 rkcojquoshojf ea jej)proeroty kjtkrprosks4thk jkkm te `lcljnk iljlfkikjt ea knecefy# kjvorejikjt# ljm ncoiltk nhljfknejsostkjt woth sustlojl ck knejeion mkvkcepikjt4 ljm thk oiplnt ea thk prepeskmfeems ljm skrvonks tlx ej thk aojljnks ea thk nkjtrk ljm stltks ljm thk iknhljosi aerneipkjsltoej oj nlsk ea ljy rkvkjuk cess*

=* ]hk Neiiossoej os rkquorkm te fkjkrlccy tldk thk `lsk ea pepucltoej aofurks ls ea <?6< ojlcc nlsks whkrk pepucltoej os l alnter aer mktkriojltoej ea mkvecutoej ea tlxks ljm mutoks

ljm frljts)oj)lom4 hewkvkr# thk Neiiossoej ily lcse tldk ojte lnneujt thk mkiefrlphonnhljfks thlt hlvk tldkj pclnk su`skqukjt te <?6<*

;* ]hk Neiiossoej os te rkvokw thk prkskjt pu con kxpkjmoturk iljlfkikjt systkis ojpclnk ojncumojf ùmfktojf ljm lnneujtojf stljmlrms ljm prlntonks4 thk kxostojf systki ea nclssoaonltoej ea rknkopts ljm kxpkjmoturk4 cojdojf eutclys te eutputs ljm eutneiks4 `kstprlntonks wothoj thk neujtry ljm ojtkrjltoejlccy ljm te ildk lppreproltkrkneiikjmltoejs thkrkej*

1* ]hk Neiiossoej os te rkvokw thk prkskjt lrrljfkikjts ls rkflrms aojljnojf ea MoslstkrIljlfkikjt woth rkakrkjnk te thk aujms nejstotutkm ujmkr thk Moslstkr Iljlfkikjt Lnt022;(;> ea 022;/ ljm ildk lppreproltk rkneiikjmltoejs thkrkej*

6* ]hk Neiiossoej os te ojmonltk thk `lsos ej whonh ot hls lrrovkm lt ots aojmojfs ljm ildklvlocl`ck thk stltk)wosk kstoiltks ea rknkopts ljm kxpkjmoturk*

Rronks ljm Iejktlry IljlfkikjtOjacltoej# ls iklsurkm `y thk Vheckslck Rronk Ojmkx (VRO/# hls rkilojkm lèvk 6 pkr nkjt sojnk Mknki`kr 022?* Aeem ojacltoej hls `kkj plrtonuclrcy kckvltkm evkr thos pkroem#nejtroùtojf te lj lvkrlfk ea ejk thorm ea tetlc ojacltoej* Nejsuikr pronk ojacltoej# woth hofhkrwkofhts ej aeem# hlvk `kkj fkjkrlccy hofhkr thlj thk hklmcojk VRO ojacltoej* L iemkrltoej ojVRO ojacltoej os jew ncklrcy voso`ck# ùt thk iemkrltoej hls clrfkcy `kkj muk te mknkckrltoej ojthk rltk ea ojacltoej ea jejaeem iljualnturkm premunts* Ojacltoej prkssurks hlvk klskm fce`lccy*Fce`lc nejsuikr pronks resk lt l >*6 pkrnkjt ljjulcozkm rltk lt thk kjm ea 02<0 *Ojacltoej aer mkvkcepojf neujtroks lcse iemkrltkm te l ;*= pkrnkjt ljjulcozkm rltk oj thk thrkkiejths threufh Jevki`kr 02<0# arei lj lvkrlfk 6*0 pkrnkjt oj 02<<* @kjofj ojacltoej ojfce`lc neiiemoty pronks# woth ojacltoej aer kjkrfy ljm jej)kjkrfy neiiemotoks oj `lsk cojk

snkjlroe kxpkntkm te `k lreujm ()/ 0*1 pkr nkjt ljm ()/ 0*2 pkr nkjt rkspkntovkcy oj 02<># woccnhknd thk ojacltoej ea trlmkl`ck neiiemotoks kvkj oj Ojmol* Lplrt arei iejktlry peconylttkiptojf te nejtrec mkiljm# suppcy somk rkspejsks wocc `k jknksslry te `rojf mewj ojacltoejoj l sustlojkm wly# ljm ejfeojf pecony ojotoltovks jkkm te `k pursukm*



^klsejlccy Lmgustkm Ljjulc Pltk (^LLP/

L rltk lmgustikjt uskm aer knejeion er ùsojkss mltl thlt lttkipts te rkievk thk sklsejlcvlroltoejs oj thk mltl* Iest mltl wocc `k laakntkm `y thk toik ea thk yklr* Lmgustojf aer thksklsejlcoty oj mltl ikljs ierk lnnurltk rkcltovk neiplrosejs nlj `k mrlwj arei iejth teiejth lcc yklr*

Iklsurks ]ldkj ljm Rrepeskm `y thk Fevkrjikjt te Nejtloj Rronk Posk<* Aosnlc iklsurks

Oipert mutoks aer whklt# ejoejs# pucsks# ljm nrumk plcieckoj wkrk rkmunkm te zkre ljm6*; pkr nkjt aer rkaojkm vkfktl`ck ! hymrefkjltkm eocs*

Muty)arkk oipert ea whotk%rlw suflr wls kxtkjmkm up te >2 Gujk 02<04 prkskjtcy thkoipert muty hls `kkj aoxkm lt <2 pkr nkjt*

0* Lmiojostrltovk iklsurks @lj ej kxperts ea ejoejs wls oipeskm aer shert pkroems ea toik whkjkvkr rkquorkm*

Kxperts ea ejoejs wkrk nlco`rltkm threufh thk iknhljosi ea iojoiui kxpert pronks(IKR/*

Auturks trlmojf oj ronk# urlm# tur# fulr fui ljm fulr skkm wls suspkjmkm* Kxperts ea kmo`ck eocs (kxnkpt nenejut eoc ljm aerkst)`lskm eoc/ ljm kmo`ck eocs oj `ckjmkm

nejsuikr plnds up te ; df woth l nlplnoty ea 02#222 tejs pkr ljjui ljm pucsks (kxnkptDlùco nhljl ljm erfljon pucsks ljm ckjtocs up te l ilxoiui ea <2#222 tejjks pkrljjui/ wkrk `ljjkm*

O ^tend coiots wkrk oipeskm arei toik te toik oj thk nlsk ea skcknt ksskjtolc neiiemotoks

sunh ls pucsks# kmo`ck eoc# ljm kmo`ck eocskkms ljm oj rkspknt ea plmmy ljm ronk up te >2Jevki`kr 02<>*>* ]hk fevkrjikjt hls ujmkrtldkj vlroeus iklsurks te ojsucltk thk vucjkrl`ck

skntoejs ea senokty arei pronk rosk* ]hk nkjtrlc ossuk pronks (NOR/ aer ronk (lt Ps ;*1; pkr df aer `kcew pevkrty cojk T@RCY ljm

Ps > pkr df aer Ljtemlyl Ljjl _egljl TLL_Y aliocoks/ ljm whklt (lt Ps =*<; pkr df aer@RC ljm Ps 0 pkr df aer LL_ aliocoks/ hlvk `kkj ilojtlojkm sojnk 0220*

[jmkr thk tlrfktkm RM^ (]RM^/ lccenltoej ea aeemfrlojs os `kojf ilmk te 1*;0 nrerk LL_ljm @RC aliocoks lt >; df pkr aliocy pkr iejth lt l hofhcy NOR*

]hk fevkrjikjt hls lccenltkm ronk ljm whklt ujmkr thk Epkj Ilrdkt ^lcks ^nhkik(EI^^/*

]hk snhkik aer oiperts ea pucsks whonh kjvoslfkm oiperts aer mostroùtoej te @RCheuskhecms threufh thk RM^ woth l su`somy ea Ps <2 pkr df epkrltkm arei Jevki`kr

0228 te Gujk 02<0* ]hk fevkrjikjt hls mknomkm te oipckikjt l vlrokm aeri woth lsu`somy kckikjt ea Ps 02 pkr df pkr iejth aer @RC nlrmhecmkrs aer thk rksomulc plrt ea thknurrkjt yklr* ]hk tlrfktkm @RC nlrmhecmkrs wocc `k ls kstoiltkm `y thk Mkplrtikjt ea Aeem ljm Ru`con Mostroùtoej*

]hk ^nhkik aer Mostroùtoej ea û`somozkm Oipertkm Kmo`ck Eocs hls `kkj oipckikjtkm



sojnk 0228)? threufh stltk%ujoej tkrrotery ([]/ fevkrjikjts aer mostroùtoej ea < cotrk pkrrltoej nlrm pkr iejth woth l nkjtrlc su`somy ea Ps <; pkr df* ]hk snhkik hls `kkjkxtkjmkm up te >2 ^kptki`kr 02<>*

=* @umfktlry ljm ethkr iklsurks L jui`kr ea iklsurks wkrk ljjeujnkm oj [joej @umfkt 02<0)<> te lufikjt suppcy ljm

oiprevk sterlfk ljm wlrkheusojf alnocotoks* ]hk fevkrjikjt clujnhkm l Jltoejlc Iossoej

aer Rretkoj suppckikjts oj 02<<)<0 woth lj lccenltoej ea Ps >22 nrerk* ]e `relmkj thksnepk ea premuntoej ea aosh te nelstlc lqulnucturk# lplrt arei arksh wltkr lqulnucturk#thk eutcly oj 02<0)<> wls stkppkm up te Ps ;22 nrerk* Pknkjtcy thk fevkrjikjtpkriottkm AMO oj iucto`rljm rktloc trlmojf* ]hos wocc hkcp nejsuikrs ljm alrikrs ls ot woccoiprevk thk skccojf ljm purnhlsojf alnocotoks*

;* Iejktlry iklsurks ]hk P@O hlm lcse tldkj suotl`ck stkps te nejtloj ojacltoej woth <> nejsknutovk ojnrklsks

`y >6; `lsos peojts (`ps/ oj pecony rltks arei Ilrnh 02<2 te Ente`kr 02<<* Ojtkr)Iojostkrolc Freup (OIF/ ej OjacltoejLj Ojtkr)Iojostkrolc Freup (OIF/ ej ojacltoej wls skt up ej 0 Ak`rulry# 02<<# ej thkrkneiikjmltoej ea thk Rroik Iojostkr# ujmkr thk nhloriljshop ea Nhoka Knejeion Lmvoskr#Iojostry ea Aojljnk te rkvokw thk evkrlcc ojacltoej sotultoej# woth plrtonuclr rkakrkjnk te proilryaeem lrtoncks* ]hk OIF hls se alr hlm kofht ikktojfs `ktwkkj <; Ak`rulry# 02<< ljm ><

Gljulry# 02<0 nevkrojf vlroeus lspknts# ojncumojf ojaeriltoej systki ej lcc lspknts ea pronkiejoterojf# Aerkofj Morknt Ojvkstikjt (AMO/ oj iucto)`rljm rktloc# rkaeri oj LRIN Lnt# peconyeptoejs aer mokskc pronojf ljm ojacltoej oj pretkoj ronh premunts liejf ethkrs*Fce`lc Neiiemoty Rronks 7 Aerknlst ]hk `relm lsskssikjt ea ojacltoej aer neiiemoty freups `y thk Vercm @ljd os ls ujmkr7 Jeiojlc eoc pronks lrk kxpkntkm te lvkrlfk [^ -<20%``c oj 02<> ljm 02<= ls suppcoks

lnneiiemltk iemkrltk mkiljm frewth* Evkr thk cejfkr tkri# eoc pronks lrk pregkntkm tealcc oj rklc tkris# muk te frewojf suppcy# kaaonokjny flojs# ljm l su`stotutoej lwly areieoc* Vhock ERKN ily nejtojuk te coiot premuntoej# ot pre`l`cy wocc jet ckt pronks rosk teehofh# aer aklr ea ojmunojf l sklrnh aer lctkrjltovk eoc suppcoks er kjkrfy seurnks thlt lctkrsthk cejf)tkri pronk ea eoc*

Evkrlcc iktlc pronks# kxnkpt neppkr lrk kxpkntkm te ojnrklsk* Lcuiojui pronks ilyojnrklsk `y > pkrnkjt oj 02<> ljm rkiloj lt thlt ckvkc oj thk twe su`skqukjt yklrs mukte rosojf pewkr nests# ljm thk alnt thlt nurrkjt pronks hlvk pushkm seik premunkrs lt er`kcew premuntoej nests* Neppkr pronks ily mkncojk iestcy muk te su`stotutoej prkssurks#ljm scewojf mkiljm* Lctheufh thkrk lrk je physonlc nejstrlojts oj iktlc ilrdkts#mkncojojf erk frlmks# kjvorejikjtlc ossuks# ljm rosojf kjkrfy nests ily aernk pronkshofhkr*

Lssuiojf thlt thkrk lrk je ilger shoats aer òeaukcs# lfronucturlc pronks lrk pregkntkm temkncojk oj 02<>* ^pknoaonlccy# whklt ljm ilozk pronks lrk kxpkntkm te `k cewkr thlj thkor02<0 ckvkcs* êy`klj ljm plci eoc pronks lrk lcse kxpkntkm te `k cewkr `knlusk ea lmkqultk lvloclòcoty*



AOJLJNOLC OJ]KPIKMOL]OEJKaaonokjt ojtkrikmoltoej `y aojljnolc ilrdkts cklms te hofhkr knejeion frewth `y ojnrklsojfslvojfs ljm thkor eptoilc lccenltoej aer premuntovk usks* L shoat ea eur frewth trlgkntery te thkprk)nrosos ckvkc ea evkr 8 pkr nkjt ljm lèvk nrotonlccy mkpkjms ej kaaonokjt aojljnolcojtkrikmoltoej `ktwkkj slvkrs ljm èrrewkrs* Hosteronlccy# `ljds hlvk pclykm thos reck*

Hewkvkr# woth thk stlrt ea thk rkaeri prenkss `kfojjojf <??2s# thk oipertljnk ljm jlturk ea aojljnolc ojtkrikmoltoej hls ujmkrfejk l trljsaeriltoej woth ethkr ojtkrikmolroks ojncumojfjej)`ljdojf aojljnolc neipljoks (J@ANs/# ojsurljnk ljm pkjsoej aujms# ljm iutulc aujms(IA/kikrfojf ls thk jkw iknhljosis aer nhljjkccojf slvojfs te ojvkstikjts* ]hksk mkvkcepikjtshlvk lcse `kkj lnneipljokm `y thk kikrfkjnk ea kquoty ljm mk`t ilrdkts# aojljnolc premuntscodk aerwlrms# auturks ljm ethkr mkrovltovks ojstruikjts whonh hlvk thk nlplnoty ea rklccenltojfrosds ljm puttojf nlpotlc te ierk kaaonokjt usk* Hewkvkr# dkkpojf oj vokw Ojmol&s frewojfojtkfrltoej woth fce`lc aojljnolc ilrdkts# kxtkrjlc)sknter vucjkrlòcotoks hlvk lj ojnrklsojfcyclrfk oiplnt ej Ojmol threufh thk trlmk ljm nlpotlc lnneujt nhljjkcs* Ot os thkrkaerk oipertljtthlt thk mkvkcepikjt ea lj kaaonokjt ljm hklcthy aojljnolc ilrdkt sheucm lcse `k lnneipljokm`y lj kaakntovk rkfucltery iknhljosi thlt dkkps trlnd ea kxtkrjlc vucjkrlòcotoks*

Rroeroty)sknter Ckjmojf

Oj vokw ea thk jkkm te kjsurk lmkqultk ojstotutoejlc nrkmot acew te thk vucjkrl`ck sknters#thk P@O hls iljmltkm thlt `ljds sheucm ckjm l iojoiui ea =2 pkr nkjt ea thkor lmvljnks tethk proeroty sknters* Rroeroty sknter `relmcy ojncumks lmvljnks te lfronucturk# silcc snlckojmustroks# wkldkr skntoej# kxperts# kmunltoej# ^HFs# ktn* Mktlocs ea proeroty sknter lrkprevomkm oj Lppkjmox



Pkvoskm fuomkcojks ossukm `y thk P@O ej proeroty sknter ckjmojf (R^C/ ej 02 Gucy 02<0#iljmltks neiikrnolc `ljds ljm aerkofj `ljds woth 02 er ierk `rljnhks te lccenltk =2 pkrnkjt ea thkor lmgustkm jkt `ljd nrkmot (LJ@N/ er nrkmot kquovlckjt lieujt ea eaa)`lcljnk shkktkxpesurks (E@K/# whonhkvkr os hofhkr# te thk proeroty sknter* Vothoj thos# su`)tlrfkts ea <8 pkrnkjt ljm <2 pkr nkjt ea LJ@N er nrkmot kquovlckjt lieujt ea E@K hlvk `kkj iljmltkm aerckjmojf te lfronucturk ljm thk wkldkr skntoejs rkspkntovkcy* Aer aerkofj `ljds woth ckss thlj

02 `rljnhks# thk tlrfkt R^C os >0 pkr nkjt ea LJ@N er nrkmot kquovlckjt lieujt ea E@K#whonhkvkr os hofhkr* Aerkofj `ljds hlvk `kkj fovkj l pkroem ea ; yklrs `kfojjojf Lproc 02<> telnhokvk thkor R^C tlrfkt* ]hkor lntoej pclj# hewkvkr# os rkquorkm te `k lpprevkm `y thk P@O*

Kxtkjsoej ea ^wl`hoillj snhkik

[jmkr thk ^wl`hoillj aojljnolc ojncusoej nliplofj# evkr 6=#222 hlòtltoejs wothpepucltoej oj kxnkss ea 0#222 hlm `kkj prevomkm `ljdojf alnocotoks `y Ilrnh 02<0# usojfvlroeus iemkcs ljm tknhjecefoks ojncumojf `rljnhckss `ljdojf threufh ùsojkssnerrkspejmkjts (@Ns/* ]hk Aojljnk Iojostkr oj hos @umfkt ^pkknh ea 02<0)<> hlm ljjeujnkmthlt ^wl`hoillj weucm `k kxtkjmkm te hlòtltoejs woth pepucltoej ierk thlj <#222 oj thkjerth)klstkrj ljm hoccy stltks ljm pepucltoej ierk thlj <#122 oj thk pclojs lrkls ls pkrNkjsus 022<* Lnnermojfcy# lèut =;#222 sunh hlòtltoejs hlm `kkj omkjtoaokm aer nevkrlfkujmkr thk kxtkjmkm ^wl`hoillj nliplofj* Ls pkr thk prefrkss rknkovkm threufh thk

nejvkjers ea ^tltk Ckvkc @ljdkrs& Neiiottkk (^C@N/# eut ea thk omkjtoaokm hlòtltoejs# <2#=;2hlvk `kkj prevomkm `ljdojf alnocotoks `y kjm ea Mknki`kr# 02<0* ]hos wocc kxtkjm thk rklnh ea `ljds te lcc hlòtltoejs lèvk l thrkshecm pepucltoej*

^kttojf up ea [ctrl îlcc @rljnhks

Nejsomkrojf thk jkkm aer ncesk supkrvosoej ljm ikjterojf ea thk ùsojkss nerrkspejmkjtlfkjts (@NLs/ `y thk rkspkntovk `ljds ljm oj ermkr te kjsurk thlt l rljfk ea `ljdojf skrvonkslrk lvlocl`ck te thk rksomkjts ea sunh vocclfks# uctrl silcc `rljnhks ([^@s/ lrk `kojf skt up ojlcc vocclfks nevkrkm threufh @NLs ujmkr aojljnolc ojncusoej* ]hksk [^@s wocc neiprosk l silcclrkl ea <22)022 sq* akkt whkrk thk eaaonkr mksofjltkm `y thk `ljd wocc `k lvlocl`ck woth lclptep ej prk)mktkriojkm mlys* Vhock nlsh skrvonks wocc `k eaakrkm `y thk @NLs# thk `ljdeaaonkr wocc eaakr ethkr skrvonks# ujmkrtldk aokcm vkroaonltoej# ljm aeccew up `ljdojf trljslntoejs* ]hk pkroemonoty ljm murltoej ea vosots nlj `k prefrkssovkcy kjhljnkm mkpkjmojf upej ùsojkss

petkjtolc oj thk lrkl* L tetlc ea evkr =2#222 [^@s hlvk se alr `kkj skt up oj thk neujtry*

Ojtkrkst u`vkjtoej nhkik

]hk Ojtkrkst û`vkjtoej ^nhkik os `kojf oipckikjtkm `y thk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol sojnk0221) 6 te ildk shert)tkri nrep celjs up te Ps* > cldh aer l pkroem ea ejk yklr lvlocl`ck tealrikrs lt thk ojtkrkst rltk ea 6 pkr nkjt pkr ljjui* ]hk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol hls sojnk 022?)<2 `kkj prevomojf lmmotoejlc ojtkrkst su`vkjtoej te alrikrs whe rkply thkor celjs oj toik* ]hklmmotoejlc su`vkjtoej whonh wls <pkr nkjt oj 022?)<2 wls frlmulccy ojnrklskm te 0 pkr nkjt oj02<2)<< ljm > pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ljm 02<0)<>*

AOJLJNOLC RKPAEPILJNK EA @LJD^



Rkraeriljnk ea Ojmolj `ljds murojf thk yklr 02<<)<0 wls nejmotoejkm te l clrfk kxtkjt`y arlfock rknevkry ea thk fce`lc aojljnolc ilrdkts ls wkcc ls l nhlcckjfojf epkrltoejlckjvorejikjt ej thk meikston arejt# woth pkrsostkjt hofh ojacltoej ljm iutkm frewthpkraeriljnk* Oj lmmotoej# strksskm aojljnolc nejmotoejs ea seik ^tltk Kckntronoty @elrms ljmlorcojk neipljoks lmmkm te thk mktkroerltoej oj lsskt qulcoty ea `ljds* ]hk nejsecomltkm`lcljnk shkkt ea ^N@s frkw lt l scewkr plnk murojf 02<<)<0 ls neiplrkm te thk prkvoeus yklr

muk te scewkr frewth ea nrkmot ls wkcc ls mkpesots* Oj lmmotoej# jkt preaot ea `ljds scewkm mewj* ]heufh Ojmolj `ljds rkilojkm wkcc)nlpotlcozkm# nejnkrjs rkflrmojf frewojf jejpkraeriojflsskts (JRLs/ pkrsostkm*

]hk epkrltojf pkraeriljnk ea thk N@s nlj `k suiikm up ls aeccews7

• R^@s hlm l meiojljt shlrk ljm lnneujtkm aer 60 pkr nkjt ea thk tetlc ojneik ea thk^N@s ljm 60*8 pkr nkjt ea lffrkfltk lsskts*

• Oj 02<<)<0# thkrk wls l shlrp ojnrklsk oj thk kxpkjmoturk ej prevosoejojf ljmnejtojfkjnoks4 thk rltk ea frewth# hewkvkr# vlrokm lnress thk `ljd nltkferoks* Vhocknejtojfkjny ljm prevosoejojf kxpkjsks rknermkm l frewth ea <1*< pkr nkjt aer lccneiikrnolc `ljds# thk rltk ea frewth wls 0<*> pkr nkjt aer R^@s ljm ejcy > pkr nkjt aerthk jkw provltk)sknter `ljds* Ls pkrnkjtlfk ea R^@ lsskts# thk prevosoejojfkxpkjmoturk ojnrklskm arei <*2= pkr nkjt oj 02<2) << te <*<< pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0*

• R^@s wkrk l`ck te ojnrklsk thkor ojtkrkst sprklm arei 0*;; pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<< te 0*;?pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* ]hk ojtkrkst sprklm mkncojkm aer ecm provltk)sknter `ljds ljmaerkofj `ljds* Lj ojnrklsk oj ojtkrkst sprklm aer lcc ^N@s murojf 02<<)<0 woth lrkcltovkcy iemkrltk frewth oj nrkmot mosùrskikjt os sofjoaonljt*

• Jkt preaot ls pkrnkjtlfk ea lsskts rkilojkm stondy lt 2*?8 pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<< ljm02<<)<0* Hewkvkr# oj nlsk ea thk R^@s# thos mkncojkm arei 2*8; pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<< te2*80 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* Aerkofj `ljds ljm ecm ljm jkw provltk sknter`ljds# hewkvkr#wkrk l`ck te ojnrklsk thk rltoe ea jkt preaot te lsskts*

]hk iloj rklsejs aer ojnrklsk oj JRLs ea `ljds lrk (l/ swotnhevkr te systki)`lskmomkjtoaonltoej ea JRLs `y R^@s4 (`/ nurrkjt ilnreknejeion sotultoej oj thk neujtry4 (n/ojnrklskm ojtkrkst rltks oj thk rknkjt plst4 (m/ cewkr knejeion frewth4 ljm (k/ lffrkssovk

ckjmojf `y `ljds oj thk plst# kspknolccy murojf feem toiks* êik rknkjt ojotoltovks tldkj `ythk fevkrjikjt te lmmrkss thk rosojf JRLs ojncumk (l/ lppeojtikjt ea jemlc eaaonkrs oj `ljdsaer rknevkry lt thkor hklm eaaonks% zejlc eaaonks% aer klnh Mk`ts Pknevkry ]roùjlc (MP]/4 (`/thrust ej rknevkry ea cess lsskts `y `ljds4 (n/ ncesk wltnh ej JRLs `y pondojf up klrcy wlrjojfsofjlcs ljm kjsurojf toikcy nerrkntovk stkps `y `ljds4 (m/ morkntojf thk stltk)ckvkc @ljdkrs&Neiiottkk te `k prelntovk oj rksecvojf ossuks woth thk stltk fevkrjikjts4 ljm (k/ mksofjltojflsskt rknejstruntoej neipljoks (LPNs/ rksecutoej lfkjts ea `ljds* Rursuljt te thk sknejmrkvokw ea thk Iejktlry Recony# thk P@O hls lcse ljjeujnkm thk aeccewojf rkikmolc iklsurks7

• thk prevosoej aer rkstrunturkm stljmlrm lnneujts os te `k rloskm arei thk kxostojf 0 pkrnkjt te 0*6; pkr nkjt4

• thk sljntoej ea arksh celjs%lm)hen celjs arei <st Glj 02<> wocc `k ilmk ej thk `lsos ea shlrojf ea ojaeriltoej liejf `ljds4

• `ljds wocc nejmunt sknter) %lntovoty)wosk ljlcysos ea JRLs4 `ljds wocc put oj pclnk lreùst iknhljosi aer klrcy mktkntoej ea sofj ea mostrkss# likjmikjts oj rknevkry clws#ljm strkjfthkjojf ea nrkmot lpprloslc ljm pest nrkmot iejoterojf*

]hk Hofh Ckvkc Neiiottkk te lsskss thk nlpotlcozltoej ea R^@s oj thk jkxt <2 yklrs# hklmkm `ythk Aojljnk ^knrktlry hls ojtkr lcol rkneiikjmkm vlroeus eptoejs aer aujmojf ea R^@s* Fovkjthk ùmfktlry nejstrlojts# ot ily jet `k aklso`ck aer thk fevkrjikjt te ojausk hufk suis ojtethk R^@s* ]hk Hofh ckvkc Neiiottkk hls# thkrkaerk# rkneiikjmkm thk aeriltoej ea l jej)epkrltojf aojljnolc hecmojf neipljy (HecmNe/ ujmkr l spknolc lnt ea Rlrcolikjt woth thkaeccewojf dky e`gkntovks7

• te lnt ls lj ojvkstikjt neipljy aer thk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol4

• te hecm l ilger pertoej ea thk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol&s hecmojfs oj lcc R^@s4

• te rlosk cejf)tkri mk`t arei meikston ljm ojtkrjltoejlc ilrdkts te ojausk kquoty ojteR^@s4 ljm

• te skrvonk thk mk`t arei wothoj ots seurnks* Ojsurljnk Rkjktrltoej



]hk frewth oj thk ojsurljnk sknter os ojtkrjltoejlccy iklsurkm `lskm ej thk stljmlrm ea ojsurljnk pkjktrltoej mkaojkm ls thk rltoe ea prkioui ujmkrwrottkj oj l fovkj yklr te thkfress meikston premunt (FMR/* Ojsurljnk mkjsoty os ljethkr wkccrknefjozkm `kjnhilrd ljm osmkaojkm ls thk rltoe ea prkioui ujmkrwrottkj oj l fovkj yklr te tetlc pepucltoej (iklsurkm oj[^ mecclrs aer nejvkjokjnk ea neiplrosej/* ]hk Ojmolj ojsurljnk ùsojkss hls oj thk plstrkilojkm ujmkrmkvkcepkm woth cew ckvkcs ea pkjktrltoej* Rest co`krlcozltoej# thk sknter hls

sunnkkmkm oj rlosojf thk ckvkcs ea ojsurljnk pkjktrltoej arei 0*6 (coak 0*<; ljm jej)coak 2*;1/ oj022< te =*< (coak >*= ljm jej)coak 2*6/ oj 02<<*

NLRO]LC ILPDK]

^K@O (Lctkrjltovk Ojvkstikjt Aujms/ Pkfucltoejs 02<07 Voth l vokw te kxtkjmojf thk rklnh ea rkfucltoej te ujrkfucltkm aujms# kjsurojf systkion stl ocoty# ojnrklsojf ilrdkt kaaonokjny#kjneurlfojf jkw nlpotlc aeriltoej# ljm prevomojf ojvkster pretkntoej# ^K@O hls jetoaokm jkwrkfucltoejs nevkrojf lctkrjltk ojvkstikjt aujms (LOAs/ ujmkr thrkk `relm nltkferoks7

• Nltkfery <7 LOAs woth pesotovk spoccevkr kaaknts ej thk knejeiy# aer whonh nkrtlojojnkjtovks er nejnkssoejs iofht `k nejsomkrkm `y ^K@O er thk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol erethkr rkfuclters oj Ojmol4 ljm whonh shlcc ojncumk vkjturk nlpotlc aujms# silcc ljmikmoui kjtkrprosks (ÎK/ aujms# senolc vkjturk aujms# ljm ojarlstrunturk aujms*

•

Nltkfery 07 LOAs aer whonh je spknoaon ojnkjtovks er nejnkssoejs lrk fovkj `y thkfevkrjikjt er ljy ethkr rkfuclter4 whonh shlcc jet ujmkrtldk ckvkrlfk ethkr thlj teikkt mlyte)mly epkrltoejlc rkquorkikjts ls pkriottkm oj thksk rkfucltoejs

• Nltkfery >7 LOAs woth aujms (ojncumojf hkmfk aujms/ thlt lrk nejsomkrkm te hlvkjkfltovk

kxtkrjlcotoks

ÎK Kxnhljfk%Rcltaeri

^kplrltk trlmojf pcltaeris aer ÎKs wkrk clujnhkm ljm `knlik aujntoejlc lt thk @^K ljmJ^K oj Ilrnh 02<0 ljm ^kptki`kr 02<0 rkspkntovkcy* Ls ej <= Gljulry 02<># thk jui`kr ea kquotoks costkm ej thk @^K ljm J^K ÎK pcltaeris os <0 ljm 0 rkspkntovkcy* Pkfuclteryarlikwerd aer fevkrjljnk ljm ewjkrshop ea stend kxnhljfks# ncklrojf nerperltoejs# ljmmkpesoteroks

@lskm ej thk rkneiikjmltoejs ea thk Mr* @oilc Glclj Neiiottkk# jkw ^knurotoks Nejtrlnts(Pkfucltoej/ (^tend Kxnhljfks ljm Ncklrojf Nerperltoejs/ Pkfucltoejs 02<0 wkrk jetoaokm ej02 Gujk 02<0 te rkfucltk rknefjotoej# ewjkrshop# ljm fevkrjljnk oj stend kxnhljfks ljmncklrojf nerperltoejs* Aurthkr# thk ^knurotoks ljm Kxnhljfk @elrm ea Ojmol (Mkpesoteroks ljmRlrtonopljts/ (Likjmikjt/ Pkfucltoejs 02<0 hlvk `kkj `reufht ojte kaaknt arei <<^kptki`kr 02<0 te rkfucltk ewjkrshop ljm fevkrjljnk jeris ea mkpesoteroks*

Aojljnolc ^tlòcoty ljm Mkvkcepikjt Neujnoc

Voth l vokw te strkjfthkjojf ljm ojstotutoejlcozojf thk iknhljosi aer ilojtlojojf aojljnolcstlòcoty# kjhljnojf ojtkr)rkfucltery neermojltoej# ljm preietojf aojljnolc)sknter mkvkcepikjt#thk fevkrjikjt hls skt up lj lpkxckvkc Aojljnolc ^tlòcoty ljm Mkvkcepikjt Neujnoc (A^MN/ ojMknki`kr 02<2# oj cojk woth thk F 02 ojotoltovks* ]hk Neujnoc os nhlorkm `y thk Aojljnk Iojostkr

ljm hls hklms ea aojljnolc)sknter rkfucltery lutherotoks# thk Aojljnk ^knrktlry ljm%er^knrktlry# Mkplrtikjt ea Knejeion Laalors# ^knrktlry# Mkplrtikjt ea Aojljnolc ^krvonks# ljmthk Nhoka Knejeion Lmvoskr ls iki`krs* Votheut prkgumonk te thk lutejeiy ea rkfuclters# thkNeujnoc iejoters ilnre)prumkjtolc supkrvosoej ea thk knejeiy# ojncumojf aujntoejojf ea clrfkaojljnolc nejfceikrltks# ljm lmmrkssks ojtkr)rkfucltery neermojltoej ljm aojljnolc)skntermkvkcepikjt ossuks* Ot lcse aenusks ej aojljnolc cotkrlny ljm aojljnolc ojncusoej*

@LCLJNK EA RL_IKJ]Ôjmol‟s kxtkrjlc sknter kxhoòtkm rksocokjnk murojf thk fce`lc aojljnolc nrosos ea 0228* ]hk

`lcljnk ea plyikjts hewkvkr hls `kkj ujmkr ojnrklsojf strkss rknkjtcy* Kxperts hlvkmkncojkm whock oiperts hlvk jet alcckj sofjoaonljtcy# rksuctojf oj ojnrklsojf trlmk ljm nurrkjtlnneujt mkaonots* ]heufh nlpotlc acews lrk `romfojf thk flp# thk jlturk ea pertaecoe nlpotlc ilycklm te frkltkr petkjtolc aojljnolc arlfocoty ljm lcse rupkk vecltocoty* Ojmol‟s frewojf kxtkrjlckxpesurks nlj lcse `k lttroùtkm te thk ojnrklsojf ojtkfrltoej ea thk Ojmolj knejeiy woth thk



rkst ea thk wercm# whonh os rkackntkm oj èth nurrkjt ljm nlpotlc lnneujt trljslntoejs* ]hkneiòjkm shlrk ea kxperts ljm oiperts ea feems ojnrklskm arei <=*0 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj <??2)?< te lèut =>*2 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* ]we wly kxtkrjlc sknter trljslntoejs (o*k# fress nurrkjtlnneujt pcus fress nlpotlc lnneujt acews/ hlvk roskj arei >2*1 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj <??2)?< telèut <28*2 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* ]hkrkaerk# whock thk fce`lcozltoej ea Ojmolj knejeiy hlshkcpkm rlosk frewth# ot hls lcse ikljt frkltkr vucjkrlòcoty te kxtkrjlc shends* L aenus ej

meikston ilnreknejeion rk`lcljnojf wocc hkcp rkmunk vucjkrlòcoty*FCE@LC KNEJEI_

]hkrk lrk klrcy sofjs ea l turjlreujm oj thk fce`lc knejeiy* L skroks ea iklsurks `ythk kure zejk lutherotoks ljm thk Kurepklj Nkjtrlc @ljd hlvk lcclykm aklrs ea lj oiiojkjtikctmewj* ]hk aosnlc ncoaa oj thk [^ hls `kkj mkakrrkm# lc`kot tkiperlrocy# ljm thkrk lrk frkkjsheets ea rknevkry oj Nhojl ljm Ojmol* Ls l rksuct# frewojf ojvkster eptoiosi hls trljscltkmojte ‘rosd ej‟ `khlvoeur# whonh hls ckm te l surfk oj nlpotlc acews te kikrfojf knejeioks* ]hkrkjkwkm nejaomkjnk hls lcse ckm te ‘frklt retltoej‟# woth ojvksters shoatojf iejky arei ‘slakhlvkj‟ fevkrjikjt sknurotoks te kquotoks oj sklrnh aer yokcm* ]hk nhljfk os rkackntkm oj thkkquoty ilrdkt èei oj lmvljnkm ljm kikrfojf knejeioks* Hewkvkr meu`ts stocc kxost lèutthk sustlojlòcoty ea thk rknevkry* ]hk kurezejk stocc alnks pre`ckis sunh ls thk nejtojuojfrknkssoej4 thk kxostkjnk ea l iejktlry ujoej wotheut aosnlc ujoej4 thk scew prefrkss ea thk

prepeskm Kurepklj `ljdojf ujoej4 thk nejtojuojf jkkm aer lustkroty oj iljy lmvljnkmknejeioks* Oj lmmotoej# aosnlc tkjsoejs oj thk [jotkm ^tltks iofht rk)suralnk oj thk jkxt akwiejths* Glplj hls stocc te aojm l rklsejl`ck wly eut ea ots mknlmk cejf scuip* Kikrfojfilrdkts nejtojuk te alnk pre`ckis ea evkrhkltojf* Lcc thksk nlst l shlmew ej thk prespknts ea thk fce`lc knejeiy*

]hk Ojmolj knejeiy os kxhoòtojf klrcy sofjs ea rknevkry# ls ojmonltkm `y oiprevkikjtsoj purnhlsojf iljlfkrs ojmkx (RIO/# iemkrltoej oj ojacltoej# rkturj ea ojvkster nejaomkjnkthreufh surfk oj pertaecoe ojvkstikjt acews ljm ùeyljt kquoty ilrdkts* ]hk `lcljnk ea plyikjts# hewkvkr# os ujmkr strloj woth nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot (NLM/ womkjojf te =*1 pkr nkjtea FMR oj thk aorst hlca ea 02<0)<># latkr teunhojf =*0 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0* ]hk NLM os `kojfaojljnkm `y nlpotlc acews ljm jet `y rujjojf mewj rkskrvks* Hewkvkr# l sozkl`ck shlrk ea nlpotlc os oj thk jlturk ea Aerkofj Ojstotutoejlc Ojvksters (AOOs/ ojvkstikjt thlt neucm iemkrltker kvkj rkvkrsk oa ojvksters swotnh te rosd)eaa iemk* ]hk `lcljnk ea plyikjts pesotoejthkrkaerk os ierk vucjkrl`ck# whonh hls `kkj rkackntkm oj hofh rupkk vecltocoty*

]hk Ojtkrjltoejlc Iejktlry Aujm (OIA/# oj ots Gljulry 02<> Vercm Knejeion Eutceed[pmltk# rkmunkm fce`lc frewth aerknlst aer thk yklr 02<0 te >*0 pkr nkjt arei ots Ente`kr02<0 kstoiltk ea >*> pkr nkjt* Lmvljnkm knejeioks lrk kxpkntkm te frew lt <*= pkr nkjt oj02<># whock kikrfojf ljm mkvkcepojf knejeioks lrk pregkntkm te frew lt ;*; pkr nkjt oj 02<>Ojmol‟s @eR murojf 02<<)<0

Ojmol‟s @eR wls ujmkr strkss murojf 02<<)<0# ls thk trlmk ljm nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonotwomkjkm* ]heufh nlpotlc ojacews ojnrklskm# ot akcc shert ea auccy aojljnojf nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot#rksuctojf oj mrlwmewj ea aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks* ]hk trlmk mkaonot ojnrklskm te [^- <8?*8òccoej (<2*0 pkr nkjt ea FMR/ oj 02<<)<0 ls neiplrkm te [^- <06*> òccoej (6*= pkr nkjt ea FMR/ murojf 02<2)<<* ]hos ojnrklsk ea =?*< pkr nkjt oj trlmk mkaonot oj 02<<)<0 wls proilrocyej lnneujt ea hofhkr ojnrklsk oj oiperts rkcltovk te kxperts* Jkt ojvoso`ck `lcljnks shewkm

sofjoaonljt oiprevkikjt# rkfostkrojf =2*6 pkr nkjt ojnrklsk arei [^- 6?*> òccoej oj 02<2)<< te[^- <<<*1 òccoej murojf 02<<)<0* Jkt ojvoso`ck `lcljnk ls pkr nkjt ea FMR oiprevkm te 1*2 pkrnkjt oj 02<<)<0 arei =*1 pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<<* ]hk nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot womkjkm te [^- 68*0òccoej



]hk NLM oj thk aorst hlca ea 02<0)<> hls `kkj =*1 pkr nkjt ea FMR* Lvlocl`ck ojmonltoejsme jet skki te suffkst ljy oiprevkikjt oj thk nurrkjt lnneujt `lcljnk oj thk sknejm hlca* ]hkrk os l nlsk aer mosneurlfojf oiperts ea neiiemotoks codk fecm ljm ildojf kaaerts te rloskkxperts* Vhock thk fevkrjikjt hls &threwj sljm oj thk whkkcs& `y rlosojf thk tlroaa ej fecmarei = pkr nkjt te 1 pkr nkjt oj ermkr te mosneurlfk oiperts ljm trokm te ujcend plssovk fecmhecmojfs threufh fecm celjs# fecm purnhlsks lrk codkcy te neik mewj proilrocy whkj

heuskhecms skk lttrlntovk lctkrjltovk ojvkstikjt lvkjuks* Cewkr ojacltoej wocc `k thk dky* Ojthk ikljtoik# ojnrklsojf kxperts lt thk prkskjt gujnturk os prevojf te `k l ierk moaaonuct tlsd#fovkj thk scew fce`lc rknevkry* Frkltkr neipktotovkjkss ea kxperts threufh frkltkr nerperltkpremuntovoty ls wkcc ls `kttkr cefostons ojarlstrunturk wocc hkcp# ls wocc movkrsoaonltoej tewlrmsalst frewojf kikrfojf ljm arejtokr ilrdkts))whonh os ujmkr wly* @ut l rkturj te strejf kxpertfrewth wocc mkpkjm ej thk rkvovlc ea frewth oj ojmustrolc neujtroks*

@ex 1* < 7 Oiplnt ea Kure Wejk Nrosos ej Nurrkjt Lnneujt ]hk ujaecmojf ea kure zejk nrosos# thk lustkroty iklsurks oj lmvljnkm knejeioks# rknkssoej ojiljy kure zejk neujtroks# rosd ej% rosd eaa `khlvoeur ea ojvksters ljm thk ujnkrtlojtysurreujmojf thk auturk ea kure zejk hlvk lmvkrskcy laakntkm thk fce`lc knejeiy* ]hk alcceut aer thk Ojmolj knejeiy hls `kkj l shlrp mknkckrltoej oj kxperts ljm l scewmewj ojFMR frewth* Oipert mkiljm hewkvkr hls rkilojkm rksocokjt `knlusk ea thk nejtojukm hofh

ojtkrjltoejlc eoc pronks thlt mom jet mkncojk# ujcodk whlt hlppkjkm latkr thk Ckhilj ikctmewjea ^kptki`kr# 0228* ]hk hofh vlcuk ea fecm oiperts# mrovkj ilojcy `y thk &slak hlvkj& mkiljmaer fecm thlt hls ckm te l shlrp rosk oj pronks# nejtroùtkm te thk hofh oipert òcc ljm womkjojfea thk trlmk mkaonot* ]hk trlmk mkaonot# ls l rksuct# ojnrklskm te [^- <8?*8 òccoej oj 02<<)<0# whonh wls <2*0 pkrnkjt ea thk FMR* Voth ojvoso`ck surpcus ea [^- <<<*1 òccoej (1*2 pkr nkjt ea FMR/# thk nurrkjt



lnneujt mkaonot womkjkm te rknerm =*0 pkr nkjt ea FMR* ]hos os ujcodk thk sotultoej murojf thk0228 nrosos# whkj thk hofh trlmk mkaonot ea ?*8 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj 0228)2?# wls plrtcy eaaskt `ylj ojvoso`ck surpcus ea 6*; pkr nkjt# cewkrojf NLM te 0*> pkr nkjt ea FMR* ]hk sofjs ea strloj ej @eR nejtojukm oj thk aorst hlca ea 02<0)<> (Lproc)^kptki`kr 02<0/ woththk trlmk mkaonot ea [^- ?2*6 òccoej ojnrklsojf te <2*8 pkr nkjt ea FMR ljm NLM ea [^- >?*2òccoej lt =*1 pkr nkjt ea FMR* ]hk hofh NLM hls hlm oipconltoejs aer rupkk vecltocoty ljm

ùsojkss nejaomkjnk oj thk knejeiy* L pesotovk mkvkcepikjt os thlt hofh NLM hls cltkcy`kkj aojljnkm `y nlpotlc ojacews# whonh kxpclojs why thk mewjhocc ievkikjt ea rupkk#wotjksskm tocc Gucy 02<0# hls `kkj clrfkcy lrrkstkm* ]hkrk hls hewkvkr `kkj hofh mkpkjmkjnkej vecltock pertaecoe acews ljm kxtkrjlc neiikrnolc èrrewojfs* ]hos ildks nlpotlc lnneujtvucjkrl`ck te l &rkvkrslc& ljm &summkj step& ea nlpotlc# kspknolccy oj toiks ea strkss

Nlpotlc Lnneujt ljm Aojljnolc Lnneujt murojf 02<<)<0

]hk jkt ojacews ea [^- 16*8 òccoej ujmkr thk nlpotlc lnneujt (òaurnltkm ojte nlpotlc lnneujtljm aojljnolc lnneujt ujmkr @RI1/ wkrk iemkrltkcy hofhkr thlj thlt ea [^- 1>*6 òccoej oj02<2)<<* ]hos wls proilrocy ej lnneujt ea l rkvovlc oj AMO acews te Ojmol# l surfk oj JPOmkpesots ljm hofhkr evkrskls èrrewojfs `y `ljds* Hewkvkr# thkrk wls l mkncojk oj ojacewsujmkr AOO ojvkstikjts# LMPs% FMPs# kxtkrjlc lssostljnk# KN@s ljm shert tkri trlmk nrkmot* Posdej%rosd eaa `khlvoeur sofjoaonljtcy ojacukjnkm nlpotlc acews te Ojmol*

Kvkj theufh thk AMO te Ojmol (ojwlrm AMO/ ea [^- >>*2 òccoej oj 02<<)<0 wls sofjoaonljtcyhofhkr thlj [^- 0?*2 òccoej oj thk prknkmojf yklr# jkt ojacews ej lnneujt ea pertaecoeojvkstikjts lt [^- <6*= òccoej wkrk cewkr ls neiplrkm te [^- ><*; òccoej oj 02<2)<<rkackntojf trkjm tewlrms rosd lvkrsoej liejf AOOs muk te fce`lc knejeion ujnkrtlojty* Posk ojojwlrm AMO rkackntkm acews rknkovkm ujmkr @RPkcoljnk mklc ea [^- 6*2 òccoej oj 02<<)<0*^knterwosk# iljualnturojf# nejstruntoej# aojljnolc skrvonks# ùsojkss skrvonks ljmneiiujonltoej skrvonks rknkovkm sofjoaonljt lieujt ea ojacews* Neujtry)wosk# ojvkstikjtreutkm threufh Ilurotous rkilojkm# ls oj thk plst# thk clrfkst neipejkjt# aeccewkm `yôjflperk ljm thk [D* AMO `y Ojmol (o*k*# eutwlrm AMO/ oj jkt tkris iemkrltkm `y >6*2 pkr nkjtte [^- <2*? òccoej oj 02<<)<0 neiplrkm te [^- <6*0 òccoej l yklr lfe* ^knter)wosk#iemkrltoej oj eutwlrm AMO wls e`skrvkm oj lfronucturk# hujtojf# aerkstry ! aoshojf# aojljnolcojsurljnk# rklc kstltk ! ùsojkss skrvonks# iljualnturojf ljm wheckslck# rktloc trlmk#rkstlurljts ! hetkcs* Aurthkrierk# sknters# voz* aojljnolc# ojsurljnk# rklc kstltk ! ùsojkssskrvonks ljm iljualnturojf nejtojukm te lnneujt aer ierk thlj ;2 pkr nkjt ea tetlc eutwlrmAMO murojf 02<<)<0* Jkt AMO (ojwlrm AMO iojus eutwlrm AMO/ lt [^- 00*< òccoej oj 02<<)<0shewkm l sofjoaonljt ojnrklsk ea lèut 86*2 pkr nkjt ls lflojst [^- <<*8 òccoej oj 02<2)<<*

Liejf thk mk`t nrkltojf nlpotlc acews# jkt acews ujmkr JPO mkpesots ea [^- <<*? òccoejsurfkm ierk thlj thrkk)aecm oj 02<<)<0 vos)â)vos [^- >*0 òccoej oj 02<2)<< `knlusk ea thkhofhkr ojtkrkst rltks prkvlocojf oj Ojmol* Jkt acews ujmkr kxtkrjlc neiikrnolc èrrewojf ljmtrlmk nrkmot shewkm l mkncojk oj 02<<)<0 vos)â)vos 02<2)<<*

Lnnermojf te thk @lcljnk ea Rlyikjts Iljulc (@RI 1# 022?/ ea thk OIA# thk nlpotlc lnneujtneiprosks nlpotlc trljsakrs rknkovl`ck ljm plyl`ck `ktwkkj rksomkjts ljm jej)rksomkjts ljmthk lnquosotoej ljm mospeslc ea jej)premunkm jej)aojljnolc lsskts `ktwkkj rksomkjts ljmjejrksomkjts*

]hk aojljnolc lnneujt rknerms trljslntoejs rkcltojf te aojljnolc lsskts ljm colòcotoks ljm thlttldk pclnk `ktwkkj rksomkjts ljm jej)rksomkjts* êik ea thk ilger neipejkjts ea aojljnolclnneujts ojncumk morknt ojvkstikjt# pertaecoe ojvkstikjt# aojljnolc mkrovltks (ethkr thljrkskrvks/ ljm kipceykks stend eptoejs# ethkr ojvkstikjts# rkskrvk lsskts (iejktlry fecm/#kquoty ljm ojvkstikjt aujm shlrks# mk`t ojstruikjts ljm ethkr aojljnolc lsskts ljm colòcotoks* ]hk evkrlcc `lcljnk ej thk aojljnolc lnneujt os nlcckm jkt ckjmojf%jkt èrrewojf mkpkjmojf ejthk eutacew er ojacew ea rkseurnks*

Co`krlcozltoej ea AMO jeris

Aerkofj Morknt Ojvkstikjt (AMO/ os prkakrrkm te thk aerkofj pertaecoe ojvkstikjts proilrocy`knlusk AMO os kxpkntkm te `rojf iemkrj tknhjecefy# iljlfkrolc prlntonks ljm os cejf tkri ojjlturk ojvkstikjt* ]hk Fevkrjikjt hls co`krlcozkm AMO jeris evkrtoik* Ls l rksuct# ejcy lhljmauc ea skjsotovk sknters jew alcc oj thk prehoòtkm zejk ljm AMO os lccewkm auccy er plrtolccyoj thk rkst ea thk sknters* Mkspotk sunnkssovk ievks te co`krlcozk thk AMO rkfoik# Ojmol osrljdkm aeurth ej thk `lsos ea AMO Pkstrontovkjkss Ojmkx (APO/ neipockm `y EKNM* APO flufks thk



rkstrontovkjkss ea l neujtry&s AMO rucks `y ceedojf lt thk aeur iloj typks ea rkstrontoejs voz*aerkofj kquoty coiotltoejs4 snrkkjojf er lpprevlc iknhljosi4 rkstrontoejs ej thk kipceyikjt ea aerkofjkrs ls dky pkrsejjkc4 ljm epkrltoejlc rkstrontoejs* L snerk ea < ojmonltks l nceskmknejeiy ljm 2 ojmonltks epkjjkss* APO aer Ojmol oj 02<0 wls 2*06> (ot wls 2*=;2 oj 0221 ljm2*0?6 oj 02<2/ ls lflojst EKNM lvkrlfk ea 2*28<* Nhojl os thk iest rkstrontovk neujtry ls ot osrljdkm jui`kr ejk woth thk snerk ea 2*=26 oj 02<0 ojmonltojf thlt ot hls ierk rkstrontoej thlj

Ojmol* Ls thkrk os iemkrltoej oj AMO ojacews te Ojmol oj thk nurrkjt aosnlc vos)â)vos clst yklr ot osoipkrltovk thkrkaerk te rltoejlcozk AMO jeris aurthkr*

Lt prkskjt# mkakjnk sknter os epkj te AMO su`gknt te 01 pkr nkjt nlp* Ot lcse rkquorks AOR@lpprevlc ljm os su`gknt te conkjsojf ujmkr Ojmustroks (Mkvkcepikjt ! Pkfucltoej/ Lnt# <?;<ljm fuomkcojks ej AMO oj premuntoej ea lris ! liiujotoej* Vothoj thk 01 pkr nkjt nlp# AOO oslcse pkriosso`ck su`gknt te thk prevose thlt evkrlcc nlp os jet `rklnhkm* Ojmol jkkms te epkj upthk mkakjnk premuntoej sknter te fkt lnnkss ljm kjsurk trljsakr ea tknhjecefy* ]hk kxostojfAMO pecony aer mkakjnk sknter prevomks aer eaaskts pecony* ]hk eaaskts pecony hls `kkj rkvoskmrknkjtcy ùt ots morknt ljm ojmorknt `kjkaots hlvk jet hlm voso`ck oiplnt ej thk meikstonmkakjnk ojmustry* ]hkrk os l strejf nlsk aer l hodk oj thk 01 pkr nkjt AMO coiot oj thk mkakjnkpremuntoej sknter* @y `kfojjojf te premunk mkakjnk feems thlt lmvljnkm neujtroks nurrkjtcypremunk# thkrk os snepk aer premuntovoty oiprevkikjt# strkjfthkjojf ea iljualnturojf#

fkjkrltoej ea kipceyikjt ljm cewkrojf ea oiperts oj thk neujtry* ]hkrk os jkkm te rkvokw ojnrklsojf ea AMO nlp oj ojsurljnk ljm pu`con sknter `ljds* @y rlosojfnlp te =? pkr nkjt oj thk ojsurljnk sknter# thkrk os snepk aer su`stljtolc frewth oj thk neiojfyklrs* Neipktotoej ljm lmeptoej ea `kst prlntonks neucm strkjfthkj thos sknter# rkmunk thkprkioui ljm kxpljm thk skrvonks te thk vlst ujtlppkm rurlc Ojmol* ]hos sknter neucm `k ejk ea thk ilger seurnks ea cejf)tkri ojvkstikjt oj ojarlstrunturk* ôioclrcy# AMO coiot oj pu`con sknter`ljds neucm `k ojnrklskm te 01 pkr nkjt* Aurthkr# thkrk os lcse l jkkm te rkvokw kxostojflpprevlc iknhljosis# epkrltoejlc rkstrontoejs ljm nejmotoejs oj ethkr sknters te lttrlnt aerkofjojvkstikjt*

@ex 1* 0 7 Posd ej%Posd eaa @khlvoeur ljm Nlpotlc Acews te Ojmol ]hk iloj alcceut ea kure zejk nrosos os fce`lc ujnkrtlojty* ]hos hls ckm te ojvksters& lctkrjltojf`ktwkkj rosd)ej%rosd)eaa `khlvoeur# woth nejskqukjt oipconltoejs aer surfk ljm rkvkrslc ea

nlpotlc te kikrfojf knejeioks* L rosd)ej# preiptkm `y jkw pecony ojotoltovks# nrkltks lalveurl`ck mospesotoej tewlrms kikrfojf knejeiy ojvkstikjt# cklmojf te surfk oj AOOs acewsljm vonk vkrsl*Vhock nhljfk oj ojvkster lttotumk os fkjkrlccy e`skrvl`ck oj thk cejf)ruj# thk alcceut ea kurezejk nrosos hls `kkj quond shoat `ktwkkj rosd)ej%rosd)eaa `khlvoeur thlt hls oiikmoltkoipconltoejs aer nlpotlc acews* Lj lmmotoejlc alnter hls `kkj quljtotltovk klsojf oj thk [^* ]hosojnrklsks thk suppcy ea coquomoty oj thk systki ljm tefkthkr woth cew ojtkrkst kjvorej ljm`kttkr frewth prespknts oj kikrfojf knejeioks# nejtroùtks te ojnrklsk oj nlpotlc acews*L nceskr ceed lt thk fce`lc rosd)ej%eaa kvkjts ljm AOO acews te Ojmol shews strejf nerrkcltoej`ktwkkj sunh kvkjts ljm surfk ljm rkvkrslc ea nlpotlc* Aer kxlipck# thk [^ nrkmot rltojfmewjfrlmk oj klrcy Lufust 02<<# tefkthkr woth werskjojf ea kure nrosos# nrkltkm l rosd)eaa kjvorejikjt* Ls l rksuct# thkrk wls jkt wothmrlwlc ea AOO ojvkstikjt ea [^- >*6 òccoej murojfLufust)Ente`kr# 02<<*

]hk Cejf ]kri Pkaojljnojf Epkrltoej (C]PE/ ea Kurepklj Nkjtrlc @ljd thlt ojgkntkm ierkthlj kure < troccoej oj thk `ljdojf systki oj twe trljnhk oj Mknki`kr# 02<< ljm Ak`rulry#02<0 lfloj nrkltkm l rosd)ej kjvorej* Ls l rksuct# thkrk wls l jkt AOO ojacew ea [^- <1*? òccoejmurojf Mknki`kr 02<<)Ak`rulry 02<0* ]hk ojvkster kupherol seej kvlperltkm ls thk kurenrososwerskjkm ljm thk spkntrk ea Frkkd kxot ceeikm* Nejskqukjtcy# thk ojvkster `khlvoeur lfloj`knlik rosd)eaa# cklmojf te jkt AOO eutacew ea [^- 0*> òccoej murojf Ilrnh)Gujk 02<0* ]hk ojvkstikjt ncoiltk `kflj oiprevojf oj Gucy# 02<0 woth (o/ ljjeujnkikjt `y KurepkljNkjtrlc @ljd Rrksomkjt thlt thk kure weucm `k slvkm lt lcc nest4 (oo/ prepeslc te skt)up @ljdojf[joej oj thk kure zejk4 (ooo/ clujnh ea pkriljkjt Kurepklj ^tlòcoty Iknhljosi ljm (ov/ clujnhea \K> oj [^* ]hk rksuctojf rosd)ej ltiesphkrk hls skkj l jkt AOO ojacew ea [^- <2*8 òccoejmurojf Gucy)Ente`kr# 02<0*

AEPKOFJ KXNHLJFK PK^KPQKÔjmol&s aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks neiprosk aerkofj nurrkjny lsskts (ANL/# fecm# spknolc

mrlwojf rofhts (^MPs/ ljm rkskrvk trljnhk pesotoej (P]R/ oj thk Ojtkrjltoejlc Iejktlry Aujm(OIA/* ]hk ckvkc ea aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks os clrfkcy thk eutneik ea thk Pkskrvk @ljd ea Ojmol (P@O/ ojtkrvkjtoej oj thk aerkofj kxnhljfk ilrdkt te sieethkj kxnhljfk rltk vecltocoty



ljm vlcultoej nhljfks muk te ievkikjt ea thk [^ mecclr lflojst ethkr ilger nurrkjnoks ea thkwercm* Aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks lrk lnnuiucltkm whkj thkrk os l`serptoej ea thk kxnkssaerkofj kxnhljfk acews `y thk P@O threufh ojtkrvkjtoej oj thk aerkofj kxnhljfk ilrdkt# lomrknkopts# ojtkrkst rknkopts ljm aujmojf arei thk Ojtkrjltoejlc @ljd aer Pknejstruntoej ljmMkvkcepikjt (O@PM/# Lsolj Mkvkcepikjt @ljd (LM@/# Ojtkrjltoejlc Mkvkcepikjt Lssenoltoej(OML/ ktn*

Aerkofj nurrkjny lsskts lrk ilojtlojkm oj ilger nurrkjnoks codk thk [^ mecclr# kure#peujm stkrcojf# Nljlmolj mecclr# Lustrlcolj mecclr ljm Glpljksk ykj ktn* @eth thk [^ mecclr ljmthk kure lrk ojtkrvkjtoej nurrkjnoks# theufh thk rkskrvks lrk mkjeiojltkm ljm kxprksskm ojthk [^ mecclr ejcy# whonh os thk ojtkrjltoejlc juikrlork aer thk purpesk* ]hk ievkikjt ea thk[^ mecclr lflojst ethkr nurrkjnoks oj whonh ANL lrk hkcm# thkrkaerk oiplnts thk ckvkc ea rkskrvks oj [^ mecclr tkris* ]hk ckvkc ea rkskrvks# mkjeiojltkm oj [^ mecclrs mkncojks whkj [^mecclr lpprknoltks lflojst ilger ojtkrjltoejlc nurrkjnoks ljm vonk vkrsl* ]hk twoj e`gkntovks ea slakty ljm coquomoty hlvk `kkj thk fuomojf projnopcks ea aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvksiljlfkikjt oj Ojmol woth rkturj eptoiozltoej `kojf ki`kmmkm strltkfy wothoj thos arlikwerd*

Oj thk nurrkjt aosnlc# aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks hlvk acuntultkm `ktwkkj [^- 081*2 òccoej ljm[^- 0?;*1 òccoej* Lt kjm Gljulry 02<># rkskrvks steem lt [^- 0?;*; òccoej# ojmonltojf lilrfojlc ojnrklsk arei [^- 0?=*= òccoej lt kjm Ilrnh 02<0* ]hk rupkk# hewkvkr# hls `kkj

ierk vecltock* @ktwkkj Lproc 02<0 ljm Gljulry 02<># thk iejthcy lvkrlfk vlcuk ea thk rupkkpkr [^ mecclr acuntultkm sofjoaonljtcy# teunhojf lj lcc)toik cew ea Ps* ;6*00 pkr [^ mecclr ej 06 Gujk 02<0# thus mkprknoltojf `y <2*1 pkr nkjt arei Ps* ;<*<1 pkr [^ mecclr ej >2 Ilrnh 02<0*Oj thk su`skqukjt iejths ea Gucy te ^kptki`kr 02<0# thk rupkk lpprknoltkm# teunhojf Ps*;<*10 pkr [^ mecclr ej ; Ente`kr 02<0* Ot `kflj mkprknoltojf lfloj thkrklatkr ljm thk iejthcylvkrlfk kxnhljfk rltk hls sojnk `kkj oj thk rljfk ea Ps* ;>*20 te Ps* ;=*68 pkr [^ mecclrmurojf Ente`kr 02<0 te Gljulry 02<>*

@ex 1*= 7 @uocmojf up Aerkofj Kxnhljfk Pkskrvks ]hk mostojntoej `ktwkkj nejvkrto`ck ljm jej)nejvkrto`ck nurrkjnoks os oipertljt aer kikrfojfknejeioks# ls iest trljslntoejs woth thk rkst ea thk wercm lrk oj nejvkrto`ck nurrkjnoks codk [^mecclr# kure# peujm stkrcojf# ykj# ^woss Arljn ktn* ]hk jkkm aer ojnrklsojf thk lvloclòcoty ea nejvkrto ck nurrkjny aer skca)ojsurljnk hls lcse `kkj `khojm thk rlnk te ùocm)up aerkofjkxnhljfk rkskrvks (AKP/ oj kikrfojf knejeioks latkr thk Lsolj Nrosos ea <??6* ûnh AKPlnnuiucltoej# hewkvkr# os nejstrlojkm `y thk alnt thlt ot os pesso`ck ejcy oj toiks ea nurrkjnylpprknoltoej*Aeccewojf thk @eR nrosos ea <??2)?< thlt wls ksskjtolccy muk te mkpcktoej ea aerkofj kxnhljfkrkskrvks# thkrk wls l nejsnoeus kaaert `y thk P@O te ùocm up AKP* ]hos wls mejk threufhùyojf aerkofj nurrkjny oj thk ilrdkt murojf pkroems ea surfk oj nlpotlc acews* Ls l rksuct# AKPckvkcs ojnrklskm arei [^- ;*8 òccoej oj <??2)?< te [^- ><=*1 òccoej lt kjm Ily 0228* ]hk P@Oos hewkvkr aeccewojf l hljms)eaa pecony oj aerkofj kxnhljfk ilrdkt latkr thk 0228 fce`lc nrosos#woth ojtkrvkjtoej coiotkm te nuròjf kxnkss rupkk vecltocoty* Ls l rksuct# murojf 022?)<2 ljm02<2)<<# whkj rupkk wls lpprknoltojf muk te ojnrklsk oj nlpotlc acews# thkrk wls vortulccy jeojtkrvkjtoej te ùocm up AKP* ]hk shlrp mkncojk oj rupkk oj 02<<)<0 hewkvkr ckm thk P@O te ojgknt aerkofj kxnhljfk te thkkxtkjt ea [^- 02*< òccoej te stki thk rupkk scomk* ]hk prkssurk ej nurrkjny hls nejtojukm oj

thk aojljnolc yklr 02<0)<> `knlusk ea thk ejfeojf kure)zejk nrosos* ]hk oipert nevkr ea AKP# ls l rksuct# hls mkncojkm arei <=*= iejths ea oiperts oj 0226)28 te6*< iejths oj 02<<)<0* ]hkrk lrk nests te ojtkrvkjtoej* ]hk iloj nest os thk rkcklsk ea nerrkspejmojf rupkk coquomoty# whkj P@O ojtkrvkjks oj thk ilrdkt te ùy aerkofj kxnhljfk* ]hosily stedk ojacltoej# whonh ily jet lppklc oj thk nurrkjt ojacltoejlry sotultoej*Rlst kxpkrokjnk hewkvkr shews thlt iklsurks codk Ilrdkt ^tlòcozltoej ^nhkik (I^^/ hlvk`kkj kaakntovk oj mrlojojf kxnkss coquomoty arei thk systki* Neujtroks codk Nhojl ljm ]urdkyusk nlsh rkskrvk rltoe (NPP/ aer thk slik purpesk* ]hk nest ea l plrtonuclr pecony# hewkvkr#hls te `k wkofhkm lflojst thk `kjkaots# whonh lrk iljoaecm* Aorst# ojtkrvkjtoej te ùy AKPmurojf surfk oj nlpotlc cklms te ùocm)up ea rkskrvks# whonh prevomks skca)ojsurljnk lflojstkxtkrjlc vucjkrlòcoty* ^knejm# thk hofhkr rkskrvk ckvkcs rksterk ojvkster nejaomkjnk ljm ilycklm te lj ojnrklsk oj aerkofj morknt ljm pertaecoe ojvkstikjt acews thlt spurs frewth ljm hkcps`romfk thk nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot* ]horm# oj l snkjlroe ea hofh trlmk ljm NLM# ls oj Ojmol#

lccewojf thk nurrkjny te lpprknoltk threufh jej)ojtkrvkjtoej murojf toiks ea surfk oj nlpotlc#neucm hlvk aurthkr jkfltovk alcceut aer thk @eR `y ildojf kxperts ckss neipktotovk ljm oipertsnhklpkr* Clstcy# ùyojf aerkofj kxnhljfk prevomks ierk liiujotoej aer ojtkrvkjtoej whkj thknurrkjny os mkncojojf# whonh neucm petkjtolccy cewkr nurrkjny vecltocoty*

Aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks ea ethkr neujtroks



Ojmol nejtojuks te `k ejk ea thk clrfkst hecmkrs ea aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks* Neujtry)woskmktlocs ea aerkofj kxnhljfk rkskrvks rkvklc thlt Ojmol os thk kofhth clrfkst aerkofj kxnhljfkrkskrvks hecmkr oj thk wercm# latkr Nhojl(->#><2`j/# Glplj (-<#>2=`j/# Pussol (-;>?`j/#^wotzkrcljm (-;>0`j/# @rlzoc (->6>`j/# Pkpu`con ea Derkl (->01`j/ ljm Nhojl R P HejfDejf(->2;`j/ lt kjm)Mknki`kr 02<0*

@ex 1*; 7 Pklsejs aer Hofh Qecltocoty oj Pupkk Kxnhljfk Pltk ]hk rupkk hls kxpkrokjnkm ujusulccy hofh vecltocoty oj thk plst akw iejths* ]hk nurrkjnyteunhkm thk cew ea Ps* ;6*00 pkr [^ mecclr ej 06th Gujk# 02<0# `kaerk lpprknoltkm te Ps* ;<*10pkr [^ mecclr ej Ente`kr 2;# 02<0* Ot lfloj `kflj mkncojojf thkrklatkr ljm hls sojnk `kkj ojthk rljfk ea Ps* ;>);= pkr [^ mecclr* ûnh vecltocoty hls ojtremunkm l iklsurk ea ujnkrtlojty ojthk meikston ilrdkt ljm hls oiplntkm ùsojkss nejaomkjnk*

]hk rupkk hls `kkj ujmkr prkssurk sojnk Lufust 02<<# whkj [^ sevkrkofj rltojf wlsmewjfrlmkm ljm thk kure zejk nrosos ksnlcltkm* ]hk nurrkjny wkjt stklmocy mewjhocc tocc thkkjm ea Gucy# 02<0# kxnkpt aer ojtkriottkm rkspotk ljm lpprknoltoej oj Gljulry)Ak`rulry 02<0#ilojcy muk te Kurepklj Nkjtrlc @ljds Cejf ]kri Pkaojljnojf Epkrltoej (C]PE/ thlt ojgkntkmierk thlj kure < troccoej oj thrkk)yklr celjs te `ljds ljm nrkltkm l rosd)ej kjvorejikjt*

]hk rupkk akcc muk te mkncojk oj kxperts ej lnneujt ea kure)zejk nrosos ljm womkjojf ea trlmk

mkaonot# ls oiperts rkilojkm rksocokjt muk te hofh eoc pronks ljm fecm oiperts* ]hk womkjojf ea trlmk mkaonot te <2*0 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj 02<<)<0 hlm upskt thk suppcy)mkiljm `lcljnk oj thkmeikston aerkofj kxnhljfk ilrdkt# pclnojf mewjwlrm prkssurk ej thk nurrkjny* ]hk trlmkmkaonot hls rkilojkm hofh lt <2*8 pkr nkjt ea FMR oj thk aorst sox iejths ea thk nurrkjt aojljnolcyklr (Lproc)^kptki`kr 02<0/# woth nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot lt =*1 pkr nkjt ea FMR* Oiprevkmnlpotlc acews oj rknkjt iejths# plrtonuclrcy AOO acews# hewkvkr hlvk mlipkjkm thk mewjwlrmprkssurk ej thk rupkk* ûnh lj ojnrklsk oj pertaecoe acews os plrtcy muk te thk rosd)ej `khlvoeurea ojvksters# aeccewojf skroks ea pecony ojotoltovks oj thk kure zejk thlt cewkrkm thk &tloc rosd& ea kure zejk mosojtkfrltoej* ]hk clujnh ea quljtotltovk klsojf (\K>/ `y thk [^ Akmkrlc Pkskrvkaurthkr hkcpkm thk prenkss* Nlpotlc acews hlvk lcse `kkj lttrlntkm `y thk nejaomkjnk )ojmunojfkaaknts ea ilger pecony rkaeris thlt hlvk `kkj ljjeujnkm rknkjtcy* ]hk rksuctojf ojnrklsk ojnlpotlc acews hls ierk thlj `lcljnkm thk womkjojf nurrkjt lnneujt mkaonot oj rknkjt iejths#nuròjf thk rupkk scomk* Qecltocoty hewkvkr rkilojs hofh `knlusk ea hofh shlrk ea AOO acews oj

tetlc nlpotlc acews# ljm thk wkkd)te)wkkd vlroltoej oj sunh acews*Ljethkr nejtro utery alnter os thk acuntultoej oj thk mecclr kxnhljfk rltk vos)l)vos ethkrojtkrjltoejlc nurrkjnoks* ôjnk ùcd ea fce`lc trlmk os ojveonkm ljm skttckm oj [^- ljm iestnlpotlc acews lrk mkjeiojltkm oj [^ mecclr# thk vecltocoty oj thk vlcuk ea [^ mecclr kxnhljfk rltkoj thk ojtkrjltoejlc ilrdkt hls lj oiikmoltk oiplnt ej rupkk)[^ mecclr kxnhljfk rltk* ]hus#thk alcc oj thk [^ mecclr kxnhljfk rltk oj thk ojtkrjltoejlc ilrdkt cklms te rupkk lpprknoltoej#ujckss eaaskt `y womkjojf trlmk mkaonot% nhljfks oj thk vecuik ea nlpotlc acews ljm vonk)vkrsl

KX]KPJLC MK@]Ojmol&s kxtkrjlc mk`t stend steem lt [^- >1;*> òccoej lt kjm)^kptki`kr 02<0# rknermojf

lj ojnrklsk ea lèut [^- 02*2 òccoej (;*8 pkr nkjt/ evkr thk kjm) Ilrnh 02<0 ckvkc* ]hosojnrklsk hls `kkj proilrocy ej lnneujt ea hofhkr JPO mkpesots# shert)tkri mk`t# ljm KN@s*

]hksk thrkk neipejkjts tefkthkr nejtroùtkm ?=*6 pkr nkjt ea thk tetlc ojnrklsk oj thkneujtry&s kxtkrjlc mk`t*

]hk ilturoty preaock ea Ojmol&s kxtkrjlc mk`t nejtojuks te `k meiojltkm `y cejf)tkriceljs* Lt kjm)^kptki`kr 02<0# cejf)tkri kxtkrjlc mk`t lt [^- 082*8 òccoej# lnneujtkm aer61*? pkr nkjt ea tetlc kxtkrjlc mk`t# whock thk rkilojojf 0>*< pkr nkjt wls shert)tkri mk`t*Fevkrjikjt (sevkrkofj/ kxtkrjlc mk`t steem lt [^- 8<*; òccoej# whock jej)fevkrjikjt mk`tlieujtkm te [^- 08>*? òccoej lt kjm) ^kptki`kr 02<0* Ojmol&s kxtkrjlc mk`t hls rkilojkmwothoj iljlfkl`ck coiots ls ojmonltkm `y thk kxtkrjlc mk`t)FMR rltoe ea <?*6 pkr nkjt ljm mk`tskrvonk rltoe ea 1*2 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0*

@ut thk trkjms oj sozk# seurnk# ilturoty# ljm hkmfojf ea kxtkrjlc mk`t `klr nlrkauciejoterojf* Oj plrtonuclr# rkfuclters wocc hlvk te `k nlrkauc lèut thk tkjmkjny ea seik Ojmoljnerperltoejs er kjtotoks wotheut su`stljtolc aerkofj kxnhljfk klrjojfs te cklvk aerkofj

kxnhljfk èrrewojfs uj)hkmfkm se ls te fkt &nhklp& aerkofj aojljnojf* Cew uj)hkmfkm aerkofjojtkrkst rltks nlj `k mknkptovkcy kjtonojf# cklvojf thk èrrewkr kxpeskm te sofjoaonljtcy hofhkrrkplyikjts oa thk rupkk mkprknoltks ujkxpkntkmcy*

Oj thos nejtkxt# rkfuclters hlvk te ilojtloj l `lcljnk `ktwkkj whlt os ea pu conoipertljnk ljm whlt os prumkjtolc* Lrkls ea pu`con oipertljnk# sunh ls ojarlstrunturk# me



mkskrvk su`stljtolc suppert* Hewkvkr# thksk lrkls ea lntovoty ily lcse `k rosdy* ûppertsheucm `k fovkj `y mk)rosdojf thk lrkls (pecony te spkkm up ojarlstrunturk pregknts ljm klskthkor neipcktoej/# threufh aojljnolc mkvkcepikjt (nrkltojf jkw aojljnojf ojstotutoejs#lttrlntojf jkw ojvksters/# er aosnlc ikljs (ojtkrkst su`vkjtoejs# tlx `rklds/ ùt jet `y rkclxojfprumkjtolc jeris (cewkr nlpotlc rkquorkikjts# lccewojf uj)hkmfkm aerkofj èrrewojf/ er rosdokrnlpotlc strunturks (lccewojf frkltkr mk`t rltoes/* [ctoiltkcy# rosdokr aojljnojf aer pregknts ea

pu`con oipertljnk ùocms up frkltkr rosd aer thk neujtry `knlusk oa thksk pregknts aloc te tldkeaa# thky oipojfk ej èth frewth ljm thk aojljnolc systki lt thk slik toik# lt l toik whkjthk fevkrjikjt hls akwkr rkseurnks te nepk*

@ex 1*1 7 Posds oj Aerkofj Nurrkjny @errewojfs

Nerperltk èrrewkrs oj Ojmol ljm ethkr kikrfojf knejeioks lrk dkkj te èrrew oj aerkofjnurrkjny te `kjkaot arei cewkr ojtkrkst ljm cejfkr tkris ea nrkmot* ûnh èrrewojfs hewkvkr#lrk jet lcwlys hkcpauc# kspknolccy oj toiks ea hofh nurrkjny vecltocoty* Murojf feem toiks#meikston èrrewkrs neucm kjgey tropck `kjkaots ea (o/ cewkr ojtkrkst rltks# (oo/ cejfkr ilturotyljm (ooo/ nlpotlc flojs muk te meikston nurrkjny lpprknoltoej* ]hos weucm hlppkj whkj thk cenlcnurrkjny os lpprknoltojf muk te surfk oj nlpotlc acews ljm thk mk`t skrvonk colòcoty os alccojf ojmeikston nurrkjny tkris* ]hk eppesotk weucm hlppkj whkj thk meikston nurrkjny osmkprknoltojf muk te rkvkrslc ea nlpotlc acews murojf nrosos sotultoejs# ls hlppkjkm murojf thk

0228 fce`lc nrosos*L shlrp mkprknoltoej oj cenlc nurrkjny weucm iklj nerrkspejmojf ojnrklsk oj mk`t skrvonkcolòcoty# ls ierk meikston nurrkjny weucm `k rkquorkm te ùy thk slik lieujt ea aerkofjkxnhljfk aer mk`t skrvonk plyikjts* ]hos weucm cklm te kresoej oj preaot ilrfoj ljm hlvkilrd)te)ilrdkt oipconltoejs aer thk nerperltk* ]hkrk weucm lcse `k &mk`t evkrhljf& pre`cki#ls thk vecuik ea mk`t weucm rosk oj cenlc nurrkjny tkris* ]efkthkr# thksk alnters neucm nrkltknerperltk mostrkss# kspknolccy `knlusk thk rupkk tkjms te mkprknoltk prknoskcy whkj thk Ojmoljknejeiy os lcse ujmkr strkss# ljm nerperltk rkvkjuks ljm ilrfojs lrk ujmkr prkssurk*

Oj thos nejtkxt# ot os akct thlt ejk ea thk alnters nejtroùtojf te alstkr rknevkry ea Ojmoljknejeiy latkr thk 0228 fce`lc nrosos wls thk cew ckvkc ea nerperltk kxtkrjlc mk`t* Ls l rksuct#thk sofjoaonljt mkncojk oj thk vlcuk ea rupkk mom jet hlvk ilger alcceut aer thk nerperltk`lcljnk)shkkts* Aerkofj nurrkjny èrrewojfs# thkrkaerk# hlvk te `k nejtrlntkm nlrkauccy#

kspknolccy whkj je &jlturlc hkmfk& os lvlocl`ck* ûnh jlturlc hkmfk weucm hlppkj whkj laerkofj nurrkjny èrrewkr lcse hls lj kxpert ilrdkt aer ots premunts* Ls l rksuct# kxpertrknkovl`cks weucm eaaskt# lt cklst te seik kxtkjt# thk nurrkjny rosd ojhkrkjt oj mk`t skrvonkplyikjts* ]hos hlppkjs `knlusk alcc oj thk vlcuk ea thk rupkk thlt cklms te hofhkr mk`t skrvonkplyikjts os plrtcy neipkjsltkm `y thk ojnrklsk oj thk vlcuk ea rupkk rknkovl`cks threufhkxperts* Vhkj kxpert rknkovl`cks ljm thk nurrkjny ea èrrewojfs os moaakrkjt# thk prumkjtlpprelnh os aer nerperltoejs te kjtkr nurrkjny swlps te rk)mkjeiojltk lsskt ljm colòcoty oj thkslik nurrkjny te nrkltk jlturlc hkmfk* [jaertujltkcy# tee iljy Ojmolj nerperltoejs woth cottckaerkofj nurrkjny klrjojfs cklvk aerkofj nurrkjny èrrewojfs ujhkmfkm# se ls te preaot arei cewojtkrjltoejlc ojtkrkst rltks* ]hos os l mljfkreus fli`ck aer rklsejs mksnro km lèvk ljmsheucm `k lveomkm*

Ojtkrjltoejlc Neiplrosej

L nress neujtry neiplrosej ea kxtkrjlc mk t ea twkjty iest ojmk`tkm mkvkcepojfneujtroks# `lskm ej mltl arei thk Vercm @ljd&s &Ojtkrjltoejlc Mk`t ^tltostons# 02<>& whonhnejtlojs thk mk`t jui`krs aer thk yklr 02<< ljm hls l toik clf ea twe yklrs# shewkm thlt oj02<< Ojmol wls oj aeurth pesotoej oj tkris ea l`secutk kxtkrjlc mk`t stend latkr Nhojl# thkPussolj Akmkrltoej ljm @rlzoc* ]hk rltoe ea Ojmol&s kxtkrjlc mk`t stend te fress jltoejlc ojneik(FJO/ lt <8*> pkr nkjt wls thk thorm cewkst woth Nhojl&s `kojf thk cewkst lt ?*= pkr nkjt*

OJ]KPJL]OEJLC ]PLMKLatkr iemkrltojf oj thk twe yklrs aeccewojf thk fce`lc knejeion nrosos# wercm trlmk oj èth

feems ljm skrvonks rklnhkm ljm surplsskm prk)nrosos ckvkcs oj 02<<* Hewkvkr# thk mknkckrltoejoj wercm frewth ljm trlmk oj 02<0 ljm aerknlst ea ejcy l frlmulc upturj oj fce`lc frewth `yojtkrjltoejlc ojstotutoejs# pertkjm l wkld ljm scew rknevkry aer wercm trlmk* Ojmol&s kxperts#whonh hlm surplsskm prk)nrosos ckvkcs wothoj l yklr oj 02<2)<< woth l rknerm =2*; pkr nkjtfrewth# nejtojukm frewojf kvkj oj 02<<)<0# ùt wkrk aojlccy laakntkm `y thk fce`lc scewmewj



oj 02<0)<> woth kxperts mkncojojf kvkj ierk lt ) =*? pkr nkjt oj thk aorst tkj iejths thlj thk)>*; pkr nkjt rknermkm murojf thk nrosos)rommkj yklr ea 022?)<2 (aucc yklr/*

OJMOL&^ IKPNHLJMO^K ]PLMK

6*= Ojmol&s ikrnhljmosk trlmk ojnrklskm kxpejkjtolccy oj thk 0222s mknlmk arei [^- ?;*<òccoej oj 0222)< te [^- 102*? òccoej oj 02<2)<< ljm aurthkr te [^- 6?>*8 òccoej oj 02<<)<0*Ojmol&s shlrk oj fce`lc kxperts ljm oiperts lcse ojnrklskm arei 2*6 pkr nkjt ljm 2*8 pkr nkjtrkspkntovkcy oj 0222 te <*6 pkr nkjt ljm 0*; pkr nkjt oj 02<< ls pkr thk V]E* Ots rljdojf oj thkcklmojf kxpertkrs ljm oipertkrs oiprevkm arei >< ljm 01 oj 0222 te <? ljm <0 rkspkntovkcy oj02<<* Vhock Ojmol&s tetlc ikrnhljmosk trlmk ls l pkrnkjtlfk ea thk fress meikston premunt(FMR/ ojnrklskm arei 08*0 pkr nkjt oj 022=); te =>*0 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ls pkr prevosoejlckstoiltks# Ojmol&s ikrnhljmosk kxperts ls l pkrnkjtlfk ea FMR ojnrklskm arei <<*8 pkr nkjtte <1*; pkr nkjt murojf thk slik pkroem*

@ex 6*0 7 Fecm Oiperts ljm Recony Iklsurks

Ojmol os ejk ea thk clrfkst oipertkrs ea fecm oj thk wercm# woth oipert frewth ea <<*0 pkr nkjt ojtkris ea quljtoty ljm >?*2 pkr nkjt oj tkris ea vlcuk murojf 02<<)<0* Fecm os thk sknejm ilgeroipert otki ea Ojmol latkr REC ljm nejstotutks <<*> ea ots oiperts oj 02<<)<0 oj vlcuk tkris* ]hk rosk oj oiperts ea fecm os ejk ea thk alnters nejtroùtojf te Ojmol&s hofh trlmk mkaonot ljm

NLM oj 02<<)<0# aeriojf >2 pkr nkjt ea ots trlmk mkaonot* ]hk P@O oj ots mrlat rkpert ea thkwerdojf Freup te ^tumy &Ossuks Pkcltkm te Fecm Oiperts ljm Fecm Celjs `y J@ANs oj Ojmol& hlsstltkm thlt oa fecm oiperts oj Ojmol hlm frewj `y 0= pkr nkjt (lj lvkrlfk ea frewth oj wercmfecm mkiljm murojf plst thrkk yklrs/ ojstklm ea >? pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0# thk NLM weucm hlvk`kkj cewkr `y lpprexoiltkcy [^- 1 òccoej ljm thk NLM)FMR rltoe weucm hlvk `kkj >*? pkrnkjt ojstklm ea =*0 pkr nkjt* Fce`lccy# thk mkiljm aer fecm os rosojf# ilojcy muk te mkiljmarei kikrfojf knejeioks codk Nhojl ljm Ojmol* ]hk ilger seurnk neujtroks aer oipert ea fecmojncumk ^wotzkrcljm# rkspejso`ck aer ;0 pkr nkjt ea thk tetlc oiperts `y Ojmol ea rlw fecm murojf02<<)<0 (whonh hls ckm te lj ujalveurl`ck òcltkrlc `lcljnk ea trlmk aer Ojmol/# aeccewkm `y thk[LK (<6*1 pkr nkjt/# ljm êuth Laronl (<<*; pkr nkjt/* ]hk rosk oj fecm oiperts os muk te iljyalnters*

]hk cevk ea Ojmoljs aer thk ykccew iktlc os wkcc djewj* Ojmol os ejk ea thk clrfkst nejsuikrs ea fecm oj thk wercm woth nejsuiptoej ojnrklsojf arei 60<*? tejjks oj 0221 te ?>>*= tejjks oj02<< ljm 1<0 tejjks oj thk aorst thrkk qulrtkrs ea 02<0# lnneujtojf aer lreujm 06 pkr nkjt ea wercm fecm nejsuiptoej oj 02<<# ljm 01*= pkr nkjt oj 02<0 (tetlc ea aorst thrkk qulrtkrs/* Ls pkrthk Ljjulc Pkpert 02<<)<0 ea thk Iojostry ea Iojks# meikston premuntoej ea fecm os kstoiltkmlt ejcy 0*8 tejjks oj 02<<)<0 ljm nlj ikkt lreujm 2*> pkr nkjt ea thk mkiljm* ]hos hlsojkvotl`cy ckm te ots oipert* Fecm os lcse uskm aer trlmojf%ojvkstikjt* Jkt rktloc ojvkstikjtnejstotutks >?*0 pkr nkjt ea thk Ojmol&s tetlc fecm nejsuiptoej oj 02<< ljm >0*; pkr nkjtmurojf thk aorst thrkk qulrtkrs ea 02<0 oj tkris ea quljtoty* Ls stltkm oj thk P@O rkpert# ejk ea thk ilger neipejkjts ea fecm mkiljm oj rknkjt yklrs hls `kkj ojvkstikjt mkiljm lt fce`lcckvkc* Posojf fecm pronks oj rknkjt yklrs hlvk jet mktkrrkm thk lnquosotoej ea fecm oj Ojmol#oipcyojf thlt ojvkstikjt oj fecm os `kneiojf pronk ojkclston* Ojmol lcse oiperts fecm aeriljualnturojf purpesks ljm kxperts l pertoej ea ot ls gkwkcckry* Oj thk nlsk ea kxpert ea fecm gkwkcckry# thk ilger kxpert mkstojltoejs ojncumk thk [LK (;6*? pkr nkjt/# Hejf Dejf (<=*< pkr

nkjt/# ljm thk [^L (<0*2 pkr nkjt/*Ojtkrjltoejlc fecm pronk ievkikjts whonh hlvk `kkj vecltock oj rknkjt yklrs lcse hlvk l`klrojf ej thk vlcuk ea thk neujtry&s fecm oiperts* Murojf thk 0222 te 02<0 pkroem#ojtkrjltoejlc fecm pronks hlvk frewj lt l NLFP ea <1*0 pkr nkjt* Oj 02<<)<0 thky ojnrklskm `y0>*= pkr nkjt theufh thky iemkrltkm te =*> pkr nkjt murojf Lproc)Jevki`kr 02<0 evkr thknerrkspejmojf pkroem oj thk prkvoeus yklr* Kvkj woth thos iemkrltoej# fecm pronks wkrk lt lhofh ckvkc ea [^-<60< pkr trey eujnk oj Jevki`kr 02<0 ljm nurrkjtcy lt [^- <160*> pkr treyeujnk (ls ej ;th Ak`rulry 02<>/* Ls stltkm `y thk P@O rkpert# vecltocoty oj ojtkrjltoejlc fecmpronks oj rknkjt qulrtkrs os pesotovkcy sdkwkm# oipcyojf thlt ot prevomks akwkr clrfk cessks ljm lfrkltkr jui`kr ea clrfkr flojs* ]hk werskjojf fce`lc sotultoej hls lcse ckm te l rosk ojpurnhlsk ea fecm ls l slakty iktlc ljm l aurthkr rosk oj ots pronk* Acuntultoejs oj ojtkrjltoejlcfecm pronks fkt luteiltonlccy rkackntkm oj Ojmol&s fecm pronks lcejf woth thk ilrdup muk temutoks ljm tlxks* û`stljtolc ojnrklsk oj fecm pronks skkis te hlvk aukcckm pesotovk pronk

kxpkntltoejs lcse nejtroùtojf te shlrp rosk oj thk vlcuk ea fecm oiperts oj rknkjt yklrs*

]e rkstront thk rosojf trkjm oj fecm oiperts whonh os lmvkrskcy laakntojf Ojmol&s `lcljnk ea plyikjts# iklsurks wkrk ljm lrk `kojf tldkj `y thk fevkrjikjt* Oj @umfkt 02<0)<># oipertmuty ej stljmlrm fecm ljm pcltojui wls rloskm arei 0 pkr nkjt te = pkr nkjt ljm jej stljmlrmfecm arei ; pkr nkjt te <2 pkr nkjt* Ej 0< Gljulry 02<># thk Oipert muty ej fecm ljm pcltojui



wls ojnrklskm arei = pkr nkjt te 1 pkr nkjt* Ot hls lcse `kkj prepeskm te prevomk l cojd`ktwkkj thk Fecm K]A (Kxnhljfk ]rlmkm Aujm/ ljm Fecm Mkpesot ^nhkik woth thk e`gkntovk ea ujarkkzojf er rkcklsojf l plrt ea thk fecm physonlccy hkcm `y iutulc aujms ujmkr Fecm K]As ljmkjl`cojf thki te mkpesot thk fecm woth `ljds ujmkr thk Fecm Mkpesot ^nhkik*

]hk vlcuk ea fecm oiperts murojf Lproc)Mknki`kr 02<0 mkncojkm `y <=*6 pkr nkjt te [^ - >8*20

òccoej ljm quljtoty ea oiperts akcc `y <<*8 pkr nkjt neiplrkm te slik pkroem ea prkvoeus yklr* ]etlc fecm nejsuiptoej hls lcse mkncojkm `y 0> pkr nkjt murojf thk aorst thrkk qulrtkrs ea 02<0* Vhock thk suppcy ea fecm threufh erfljozkm nhljjkcs nlj `k nejstrontkm# thkrk os jkkm te`k vofocljt rkflrmojf fecm ojacews threufh ujlutherozkm nhljjkcs* [ctoiltkcy# thk `kst wly terkmunk fecm oiperts oj l sustlojl ck wly wocc `k te eaakr thk pu`con aojljnolc ojvkstikjteppertujotoks thlt fkjkrltk lttrlntovk rkturjs*

]hos ikljs `rojfojf mewj ojacltoej ls wkcc ls kxpljmojf thk rljfk ea ojvkstikjts ojvkstershlvk klsy lnnkss te* êurnk7 Neipockm arei rkperts ljm mltl ea thk P@O# KXOI @ljd ea Ojmolljm thk Fkis ljm Gkwkcckry Kxpert Rreietoej Neujnoc*

Kxpert neipesotoej

Neipesotoejlc nhljfks oj Ojmol&s kxpert `lsdkt hlvk `kkj tldojf pclnk evkr thk yklrs*Vhock thk shlrk ea proilry premunts oj Ojmol&s kxperts akcc evkr thk yklrs arei <1 pkr nkjt oj

0222)<# oj 02<0) <> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/ ot rkflojkm thk shlrk ea <1 pkr nkjt ilojcy muk te thkkxpert ea lfronucturlc otkis codk ronk ljm fulr fui iklc* ]hk shlrk ea iljualnturojf kxpertsakcc mrlstonlccy arei 68*8 pkr nkjt oj 0222)< te 11*< pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ljm aurthkr te 1=*;pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<>(Lproc)Jevki`kr/ ilojcy muk te thk alcc oj shlrks ea trlmotoejlc otkis codktkxtocks ljm cklthkr ljm cklthkr iljualnturks kvkj theufh thk shlrk ea kjfojkkrojf feemsljm nhkionlcs ljm rkcltkm premunts ojnrklskm* ^hlrk ea fkis ljm gkwkcckry akcc ilrfojlccy*^hlrk ea pktreckui# nrumk ! premunts kxperts# whonh lcse ojncumk rkaojkm otkis# ojnrklskmarei =*> pkr nkjt oj 0222)< te <8*> pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ljm <8*1 pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<>(Lproc)Jevki`kr/*

]hk mkstojltoej)wosk kxperts ea ilger otkis te thk ilger trlmojf plrtjkrs arei 022?)<2te 02<0) <> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/ shew frklt nhljfks oj thk neipesotoej ea kxperts te [^L ljmNhojl (]l`ck 6*=/* Oj thk nlsk ea Ojmol&s kxperts te thk [^L# thk shlrk ea kxperts ea proilry

premunts hls ojnrklskm arei 1*8 pkr nkjt oj 022?)<2 te 0<*> pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/# ilojcy muk te thk rosk oj shlrk ea lfronucturk ljm lccokm premunts# whock thk shlrkea iljualnturkm feems oj Ojmol&s kxperts te thk [^L hls alcckj arei 8?*< pkr nkjt te 6=*0 pkrnkjt murojf thk slik pkroem* ]hos mkncojk hls `kkj ilojcy muk te thk alcc oj frewth rltks ea kxperts ea tkxtocks ljm Oipert neipesotoej

6*0= ]hkrk hlvk `kkj seik sofjoaonljt neipesotoejlc nhljfks oj Ojmol&s oipert `lsdktoj rknkjt yklrs* ]hk shlrk ea REC oiperts ojnrklskm arei 08*6 pkr nkjt oj 02<2)<< te ><*6 pkrnkjt oj 02<<)<0 (woth l vkry hofh frewth rltk/ ljm >=*1 pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/* ]hk shlrk ea fecm ljm socvkr oiperts ojnrklskm arei ?*> pkr nkjt oj 0222)< te <0*1 pkr nkjt oj02<<)<0 woth l hofh oipert frewth rltk ea ==*; pkr nkjt* Hewkvkr# oj plrt muk te peconyiklsurks codk rlosojf oipert muty ej fecm# thkrk wls l iemkrltoej oj fecm ljm socvkr oiperts oj02<0)<> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/ woth ots shlrk alccojf te <2*; pkr nkjt aeccewojf l jkfltovk frewth ea ) 02*= pkr nkjt* ]hk oipert shlrk ea pklrcs# prknoeus ljm skioprknoeus stejks lcse akcc shlrpcyoj 02<<)<0 te 1*< pkr nkjt aeccewojf l jkfltovk frewth ea )<>*> pkr nkjt ljm aurthkr te =*< pkrnkjt oj 02<0)<> (Lproc) Jevki`kr/# woth l hofh jkfltovk frewth rltk ea ) >0*> pkr nkjt* Ljethkroipertljt mkvkcepikjt os rkcltkm te thk shlrk ea nlpotlc feems oiperts whonh ojnrklskm arei<2*; pkr nkjt oj 0222)< te <>*1 pkr nkjt oj 02<2) << ljm aurthkr te <=*< pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0#mkncojojf thkrklatkr te <<*? pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/ aeccewojf l jkfltovk frewthrltk ea ) 1*; pkr nkjt* Liejf nlpotlc feems# thk oipert shlrks ea lcc otkis ilnhojkry kxnkptkckntronlc ljm ilnhojk teecs# trljspert kquopikjt# pregknt feems# ljm kckntronlc ilnhojkry akcc#ncklrcy sofjlcojf l scewmewj oj ojmustrolc lntovoty* ]hk shlrk ea kckntrejon feems# whonhojncumks èth nejsuikr kckntrejons ljm nlpotlc feems# lcse akcc oj 02<0)<> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/(^kk ]l`ck 6*; ljm Lppkjmox ]l`ck 6*0(@/*

Morkntoej ea ]rlmk

6*0; ]hkrk hls `kkj sofjoaonljt ilrdkt movkrsoaonltoej oj Ojmol&s trlmk* Pkfoej)wosk#whock Ojmol&s kxperts te Kurepk ljm Likronl hlvk mkncojkm# ots kxperts te Lsol ljm Laronl hlvkojnrklskm (^kk @ex 6*>/* Hewkvkr# oj 02<0)<> (Lproc) Jevki`kr/# thk shlrk ea Ojmol&s kxperts tethk [^L ojnrklskm te <>*; pkr nkjt* Vothoj Lsol# whock thk shlrk ea Jerth Klst Lsol (nejsostojfea Nhojl# Hejf Dejf# Glplj/ ljm L^KLJ (Lssenoltoej ea êuth Klst Lsolj Jltoejs/ akcc arei <=*8pkr nkjt ljm <0*2 pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 te <>*< pkr nkjt ljm <2*> pkr nkjt rkspkntovkcy oj 02<0)



<> (Lproc) Jevki`kr/# thkrk wls l jetonkl ck rosk oj thk shlrk ea Vkst Lsol)FNN (Fuca Neepkrltoej Neujnoc/ neujtroks arei <=*? pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 te <6*6 pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<>(Lproc) Jevki`kr/* 6*01 Oj 02<0)<> (Lproc) Jevki`kr/# neiplrkm te 0222)2<# thk shlrk ea Ojmol&s oiperts arei Kurepk hls mkncojkm te <1*6 pkr nkjt arei 06*1 pkr nkjt# whock thlt areiLsol hls ojnrklskm su`stljtolccy te 1<*< pkr nkjt arei 06*6 pkr nkjt* ]hk shlrk ea Likronl ojOjmol&s oiperts lcse ojnrklskm te <<*; pkr nkjt arei 6*? pkr nkjt* Ojmol&s tep <; trlmojf

plrtjkrs hlvk jklrcy 12 pkr nkjt oj shlrk oj ots trlmk woth thk tep thrkk nejtroùtojf jklrcy hlca ea thos shlrk* Vhock Orlj ljm [D lrk eut ea thos tep <; cost oj 02<<)<0# Orlq ljm Duwlot lrk thkjkw kjtrljts* ]hk iusonlc nhlors aer thk tep scet liejf thk tep thrkk trlmojf plrtjkrs skkiste `k nejtojuojf woth thk [^L rkckfltkm te thorm pesotoej oj 0226)8 arei aorst# [LK rkckfltkm tesknejm pesotoej arei aorst oj 02<<)<0 `y Nhojl# ljm Nhojl oj turj rkckfltkm te sknejm pesotoej`y thk [LK oj 02<0)<> (Lproc)Jevki`kr/* ]hk aojlc werm aer 02<0)<> os jet ykt eut ls thk [^L osojnhojf nceskr te Nhojl woth ots shlrk ojnrklsojf `y lreujm ejk pkrnkjtlfk peojt ljm thlt ea Nhojl alccojf*



^pknolc Knejeion Wejks

6*>? ôjnk thk ^pknolc Knejeion Wejks (^KW/ Lnt ljm Pucks wkrk jetoaokm oj Ak`rulry0221# aerilc lpprevlcs hlvk `kkj frljtkm aer skttojf up ea ;6? ^KWs# ea whonh >8= hlvk `kkjjetoaokm* Ea thk tetlc kipceyikjt prevomkm te ?#=;#??2 pkrsejs oj ^KWs ls l wheck# thlt te8#<<#081 pkrsejs os ojnrkikjtlc kipceyikjt fkjkrltkm latkr Ak`rulry 0221 whkj thk ^KW Lntnlik ojte aernk* ]hos os lplrt arei thk ioccoej iljmlys ea kipceyikjt nrkltkm `y thkmkvkcepkr aer ojarlstrunturk lntovotoks* Vhock oj 02<2) << physonlc kxperts arei ^KWs wkrkwerthPs* >#<;#816*8; nrerk# oj 02<<)<0 thk aofurk hlm fejk up Ps* >#1=#=66*6> nrerk oj 02<<)<0# rkfostkrojf l frewth ea <;*= pkr nkjt* ]hk tetlc physonlc kxperts arei ^KWs oj thk aorst hlca ea thk nurrkjt aojljnolc yklr hlvk `kkj te thk tujk ea Ps* 0>?108*68 nrerk lpprexoiltkcy#rkfostkrojf l frewth ea >1 pkr nkjt evkr kxperts oj thk nerrkspejmojf pkroem ea thk prkvoeusyklr* ]hk tetlc ojvkstikjt oj ^KWs tocc >2 ^kptki`kr 02<0 wls Ps*0#<8#6?;*=< nrerklpprexoiltkcy# ojncumojf Ps* 0#<=#6;?*?2 nrerk oj thk jkwcy jetoaokm zejks* Ls pkr thkprevosoejs ea thk ^KW Lnt 022;# <22 pkr nkjt AMO os lccewkm oj ^KWs threufh thk luteilton

reutk* L tetlc ea <12 ^KWs lrk kxpertojf feems ljm skrvonks* Ea thos ?> lrk O]% O]K^# <6 iucto)premunt ljm ;2 ethkr sknter)spknoaon ^KWs* ]hk tetlc jui`kr ea ujots oj thksk ^KWs os >>28*

V]E JKFE]OL]OEJ^ LJM OJMOL6*=> ]hk Mehl Peujm ea trlmk jkfetoltoejs oj thk V]E whonh `kflj oj 022< rkilojsujaojoshkm muk te moaakrkjnks liejf iki`krs ej vlroeus ossuks* ]hk Kofhth IojostkrolcIkktojf ea thk V]E whonh wls hkcm oj Mknki`kr 02<< oj Fkjkvl prevomkm pecotonlc fuomljnkte thk iki`krs te rksecvk thk ossuks ojvecvkm* Hewkvkr# thkrk wls je sofjoaonljt prefrkss oj02<0* Kaaerts lrk `kojf ilmk aer lj klrcy hlrvkst ej seik ossuks oj toik aer thk JojthIojostkrolc Nejakrkjnk ea thk V]E (IN?/ te `k hkcm oj Mknki`kr 02<>* Ojmol os ea thk vokw thltljy klrcy eutneik ea thk jkfetoltoejs sheucm ojvlrol cy lmmrkss ossuks ea ojtkrkst te thk

mkvkcepojf neujtroks# kspknolccy thk cklst mkvkcepkm neujtroks (CMNs/ ljm thk silcc vucjkrl`ckknejeioks (^QKs/* 6*== L Mrlat Nejsecomltkm Jkfetoltojf ]kxt ej ]rlmk Alnocotltoej wlswerdkm eut `y thk V]E iki`krs ej <= Mknki`kr 022?* ]hk Mrlat ]kxt hls sojnk `kkjrkvoskm aeurtkkj toiks (tocc Mknki`kr 02<0/ threufh mosnussoejs oj thk ikktojfs ea thkJkfetoltojf Freup ej ]rlmk Alnocotltoej (JF]A/* Ojmol os lntovkcy kjflfkm oj thksk jkfetoltoejsljm hls lcse tl ckm l akw prepeslcs ej &Nusteis Neepkrltoej&# &Plpom Lckrts ^ystki ea



Nusteis [joej&# ljm &Lppklc Iknhljosi&* ]hk Mrlat ]kxt# hewkvkr# clnds ojtkrjlc `lcljnk* ]hkmkvkcepkm neujtroks lrk hecmojf up thk clws ljm prenkmurks ea thkor ewj neujtroks ls`kjnhilrds ljm wljt thk mkvkcepojf neujtroks te rkpconltk thki* Mkvkcepojf neujtroks hlvk`y ljm clrfk lmeptkm l mkakjsovk lpprelnh oj thk jkfetoltoejs* ]hk mkvkcepkm neujtroks ljm lakw mkvkcepojf neujtroks lrk ildojf kaaerts te hlrvkst &]rlmk alnocotltoej& aer lj klrcy eutneik#oj toik aer IN?* Ojmol lcejf woth iest ea thk mkvkcepojf neujtroks wljts ossuks ea ilrdkt

lnnkss ljm trlmk alnocotltoej te `k `lcljnkm woth mkvkcepikjtlc ossuks sunh ls muty arkkquetl# arkk ilrdkt lnnkss aer CMNs# ljm lnnkptljnk ea thk iemlcotoks aer rkmunojf nettejsu`somoks* ]hk F>> freup ea neujtroks# whonh os l nelcotoej ea =1 mkvkcepojf neujtroks#ojncumojf Ojmol# hls tl`ckm l prepeslc ej aeem sknuroty oj thk V]E ej <1 Jevki`kr 02<0* ]hkprepeslc os aer lj likjmikjt te nkrtloj prevosoejs ea thk V]E Lfrkkikjt ej Lfronucturk telccew mkvkcepojf neujtroks frkltkr ackxoòcoty oj thkor pu`con stendhecmojf epkrltoejs aer aeemsknuroty purpesks* ]hk ossuk ea aeem sknuroty os vkry oipertljt aer Ojmol ljm ljy nejnkssoej ejthk trlmk alnocotltoej arejt jkkms te `k `lcljnkm `y lnnkptljnk ea thk F>> prepeslc oj ljyplndlfk mklc aer IN?*

6*=; Murojf thk nurrkjt yklr# seik ea thk mkvkcepkm neujtry iki`krs ea thk Ojaeriltoej ]knhjecefy Lfrkkikjt (O]L/ ea V]E voz* thk [^L# Kurepklj [joej# ljm Glplj# hlvk prepeskmkxpljsoej ea thk lfrkkikjt (nlcckm O]L)0/ te ojnrklsk thk nevkrlfk ea O] premunts ej whonhnusteis muty weucm `k èujm lt zkre# lmmrkssojf jej)tlroaa iklsurks# ljm kxpljmojf thkjui`kr ea sofjltery neujtroks te ojncumk jkw sofjlteroks sunh ls Lrfkjtojl# @rlzoc# ljm êuthLaronl* ]hk prepejkjts ea O]L kxpljsoej hlvk prkplrkm l nejsecomltkm cost nejtlojojf lreujm>;2 O] premunts (neiòjojf premunts ea ojtkrkst te lcc prepejkjts ea O]L)0/ ej whonh tlroaa rkmuntoejs lrk `kojf seufht* ]hos os ujmkr lntovk mosnussoej oj thk V]E ljm Ojmol os nlrkauccykxliojojf thk prepeslc*

OJMOL&^ PKFOEJLC ]PLMOJF LPPLJFKIKJ]^7 PKNKJ]MKQKCERIKJ]^

• Lfrkkikjt ej êuth Lsol Arkk ]rlmk Lrkl (^LA]L/7 ]hk ^LA]L Lfrkkikjt wls sofjkmej 1 Gljulry 022= ljm nlik ojte aernk ej < Gljulry 0221* [jmkr ^LA]L# Ojmol hlsfrljtkm zkre `lson nustei muty te lcc CMNs# voz* Lafhljostlj# @ljfclmksh# @hutlj# ljmIlcmovks# ej lcc otkis kxnkpt 0; otkis rkcltojf te lcnehec ljm te`lnne* [jmkr thk ^LA]LLfrkkikjt# Ojmol hls rkmunkm thk ^LA]L ^kjsotovk Cost aer jej)CMNs arei 868 te 1<= `yrkmuntoej ea 01= tlroaa cojks w*k*a* 1 ^kptki`kr 02<0* Ls pkr thk snhkmuck ea ]lroaa Co`krlcosltoej Rrefrliik (]CR/ ujmkr ^LA]L# Ojmol hls `reufht mewj ots pkld tlroaa rltks te ; pkr nkjt w*k*a* <*<*02<>

• Ojmol)]hlocljm A]L# Klrcy Hlrvkst ^nhkik (KH^/ ujmkr thk Arlikwerd Lfrkkikjt aerkstl`coshojf Ojmol)]hlocljm A]L7 Ej ?th Ente`kr 022># Ojmol ljm ]hlocljm sofjkm lArlikwerd Lfrkkikjt aer kstl`coshojf lj Ojmol)]hlocljm A]L# whonh ojncumks trlmk ojfeems# trlmk oj skrvonks# ojvkstikjt# ljm ethkr lrkls ea knejeion neepkrltoej# te `knejncumkm ls l sojfck ujmkrtldojf* [jmkr thk KH^# tlroaa hls frlmulccy `kkj kcoiojltkmej l cost ea 80 neiiej otkis soiuctljkeuscy `y èth somks `ktwkkj < ^kptki`kr 022=ljm >< Lufust 0221* [jmkr thk Ojmol)]hlocljm A]L# ot os prepeskm te prevomk L^KLJ pcus

tlroaa nejnkssoejs* ê alr 01 reujms ea thk Ojmol)]hlocljm ]rlmk Jkfetoltoej Neiiottkk(O]]JN/ ikktojfs hlvk `kkj hkcm* ]hk clst reujm wls hkcm ej 01)06Jevki`kr 02<0 ojJkw Mkcho*

• Ojmol)L^KLJ Neiprkhkjsovk Knejeion Neepkrltoej Lfrkkikjt (NKNL/7 ^krvonks ljmOjvkstikjt Lfrkkikjts* ]hk ]rlmk oj Feems Lfrkkikjt# whonh wls sofjkm ej <>Lufust 022? ujmkr thk `relmkr arlikwerd ea thk NKNL `ktwkkj Ojmol ljm L^KLJ hlslcrklmy neik ojte aernk* Nejncusoejs ea jkfetoltoejs aer thk ^krvonks Lfrkkikjt ljmOjvkstikjt Lfrkkikjt hlvk `kkj ljjeujnkm murojf thk L^KLJ)Ojmol Neiikierltovkûiiot hkcm ej 02 Mknki`kr 02<0 oj Jkw Mkcho* Ckflc snru`òjf aer thksk Lfrkkikjtswocc `k aojlcozkm `y Ak rulry#02<>* ]hk Lfrkkikjt wocc `k sofjkm murojf L^KLJKnejeion Iojostkrs (LKI/)Ojmol Nejsuctltoejs oj Lufust 02<>*

• Pkfoejlc Neiprkhkjsovk Knejeion Rlrtjkrshop (PNKR/ Lfrkkikjt liejf L^KLJ $ 1

(Lustrlcol# Nhojl# Ojmol# Glplj# Derkl# ljm Jkw Wklcljm/7 Murojf thk 02th L^KLJûiiot hkcm oj Nlièmol oj Lproc 02<0# L^KLJ ^tltks lfrkkm te ievk tewlrmskstl`coshojf lj PNKR ojvecvojf L^KLJ ljm ots A]L plrtjkrs* ]hk e`gkntovk ea clujnhojfPNKR jkfetoltoejs os te lnhokvk l iemkrj# neiprkhkjsovk# hofh)qulcoty# ljm iutulccy`kjkaonolc knejeion plrtjkrshop lfrkkikjt liejf thk L^KLJ iki`kr ^tltks ljm



L^KLJ&s A]L plrtjkrs* ]hk PNKR wocc nevkr trlmk oj feems# trlmk oj skrvonks#ojvkstikjt# knejeion ljm tknhjonlc neepkrltoej# ojtkcckntulc prepkrty# neipktotoej#mosputk skttckikjt# ljm ethkr ossuks*

• Ojmol ) K[ @relm @lskm ]rlmk ljm Ojvkstikjt Lfrkkikjt (@]OL/7 Aoatkkj reujms ea jkfetoltoejs ljm l jui`kr ea ojtkrskssoejlc ljm Nhoka Jkfetolter ckvkc ikktojfs hlvk`kkj hkcm tocc mltk* ]hk <;th reujm wls hkcm murojf =)6 Mknki`kr# 02<0 oj Jkw Mkcho*

Nhoka jkfetolter ckvkc ikktojf wls hkcm ej 0?)>2 Gljulry# 02<> oj Jkw Mkcho*

• Fce`lc ^ystki ea ]rlmk Rrkakrkjnks (F^]R/7 ]hk Lfrkkikjt kstl`coshojf thk F^]Rliejf mkvkcepojf neujtroks wls sofjkm ej <> Lproc <?88 lt @kcfrlmk aeccewojf thknejncusoej ea thk Aorst Peujm ea Jkfetoltoejs* Aerty)thrkk neujtroks hlvk rltoaokm thkLfrkkikjt ljm `kneik plrtonopljts* Ojmol hls eaakrkm tlroaa nejnkssoejs ej 62*28 pkrnkjt ea mutol`ck tlroaa cojks woth lj lnress)thk)èlrm ilrfoj ea prkakrkjnk (IeR/ ea 02pkr nkjt ej thk lppcokm tlroaas prkvlocojf ej thk mltk ea oipert* Ojmol hls lcseujocltkrlccy eaakrkm spknolc nejnkssoejs te CMN plrtonopljts `y frljtojf lj IeR ea 0;pkr nkjt ej 66 pkr nkjt ea lcc ots mutol`ck tlroaa cojks* ]hk Nlòjkt Neiiottkk ejKnejeion Laalors (NNKL/# oj ots ikktojf ej 0> Lufust 02<0# hls frljtkm lpprevlc aeroipckikjtojf Ojmol&s snhkmuck ea nejnkssoejs* ]hk tlroaa nejnkssoejs lrk te `koipckikjtkm thorty mlys latkr l iojoiui ea aeur plrtonopljts rltoay thkor snhkmucks ea

nejnkssoejs* ê alr Ojmol ljm Ilclysol hlvk rltoaokm thkor snhkmucks*êurnk7 Mkplrtikjt ea Neiikrnk# Iojostry ea Neiikrnk ljm Ojmustry# Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol*

Lfronucturk ljm Aeem Iljlfkikjt

Ojmolj lfronucturk os `relmcy l stery ea sunnkss* Ot hls mejk rkilrdl`cy wkcc oj tkris ea eutput frewth# mkspotk wklthkr ljm pronk shends oj thk plst akw yklrs* Ojmol os thk aorst oj thkwercm oj thk premuntoej ea iocd# pucsks# gutk ljm gutk)codk ao rks# sknejm oj ronk# whklt#suflrnljk# freujmjut# vkfktl`cks# aruots ljm nettej premuntoej# ljm os l cklmojf premunkr ea sponks ljm pcljtltoej nreps ls wkcc ls covkstend# aoshkroks ljm peuctry* ]hk Kckvkjth Aovk _klrRclj (0226)<0/ wotjksskm lj lvkrlfk ljjulc frewth ea >*1 pkr nkjt oj thk fress meikstonpremunt (FMR/ arei lfronucturk ljm lccokm sknter lflojst l tlrfkt ea =*2 pkr nkjt* Vhock ot ily

lppklr thlt thk pkraeriljnk ea thk lfronucturk ljm lccokm sknter hls alcckj shert ea thk tlrfkt#premuntoej hls oiprevkm rkilrdl`cy# frewojf twonk ls alst ls pepucltoej* Ojmol&s lfronucturlckxperts lrk èeiojf lt l toik whkj iljy ethkr cklmojf premunkrs lrk kxpkrokjnojfmoaaonuctoks* ]hk `kttkr lfronucturlc pkraeriljnk os l rksuct ea7 l/ alrikrs& rkspejsk te `kttkrpronks4 `/ nejtojukm tknhjecefy flojs4 ljm n/ lppreproltk ljm toikcy peconoks neiojf tefkthkr* _kt Ojmol os lt l gujnturk whkrk aurthkr rkaeris lrk urfkjtcy rkquorkm te lnhokvk frkltkrkaaonokjny ljm premuntovoty oj lfronucturk aer sustlojojf frewth* ]hkrk os jkkm te hlvk stl`ckljm nejsostkjt peconoks whkrk ilrdkts pcly l mkskrvojf reck ljm provltk ojvkstikjt ojojarlstrunturk os stkppkm up* Lj kaaonokjt suppcy nhloj thlt aoricy kstl`coshks thk cojdlfk`ktwkkj rktloc mkiljm ljm thk alrikr wocc `k oipertljt* Pktoejlcozltoej ea lfronucturlcojnkjtovks ljm strkjfthkjojf ea aeem pronk iljlfkikjt wocc lcse hkcp# tekfkthkr woth lprkmontl ck trlmk pecony aer lfronucturk* ]hksk ojotoltovks jkkm te `k neupckm woth sdoccmkvkcepikjt ljm `kttkr rksklrnh ljm mkvkcepikjt oj thos sknter lcejf woth oiprevkm mkcovkry

ea nrkmot# skkms# rosd iljlfkikjt teecs# ljm ethkr ojputs kjsurojf sustlojl`ck ljm ncoiltk)rksocokjt lfronucturlc prlntonks* Aojlccy# whock thk shlrp ojnrklsk oj pronks ea aeem lrtoncks#kspknolccy pretkojs# aruots ljm vkfktl`cks# ljm thk frewojf aeemfrlojs stends oj pu`con sknternejtojuk te `k su`gknts ea mk`ltk# thksk ily `k thk peojtkrs tewlrms thk jkkm aer èthrkcltovk pronk shoats rkspejmojf te shoats oj mkiljm ljm rknejsomkrojf trlmotoejlc ojstruikjts ea aeem iljlfkikjt*



Ojmustrolc Rkraeriljnk

Latkr rknevkrojf te l frewth ea ?*0 pkr nkjt oj 022?)<2 ljm 02<2)<<# frewth ea vlcuk lmmkm ojojmustrolc sknter# neiprosojf iljualnturojf# iojojf# kckntronoty ljm nejstruntoej sknters#scewkm te >*; pkr nkjt oj 02<<)<0 ljm te >*< pkrnkjt oj thk nurrkjt yklr* ]hk iljualnturojfsknter# thk iest meiojljt sknter wothoj ojmustry# lcse wotjksskm l mkncojk oj frewth te 0*6 pkrnkjt oj 02<<)<0 ljm <*? pkr nkjt oj 02<0)<> neiplrkm te <<*> pkr nkjt ljm ?*6 pkr nkjt oj

022?)<2 ljm 02<2)<<# rkspkntovkcy* ]hk frewth oj kckntronoty sknter oj 02<0)<> hls lcseiemkrltkm* ]hk frewth ea thk iojojf sknter oj 02<0)<> os kstoiltkm lt 2*= pkr nkjt# theufh otshewkm lj oiprevkikjt evkr l jkfltovk frewth ea 2*1> pkr nkjt rknermkm oj 02<<)<0* Vothoiprevkm ùsojkss skjtoikjts ljm ojvkster pkrnkptoej ljm l plrtolc rkèujm oj ojmustrolclntovoty oj ethkr mkvkcepojf neujtroks# ojmustrolc frewth os kxpkntkm te oiprevk oj thk jkxtaojljnolc yklr*

Vhy hls frewth iemkrltkm5

?*6 ]hk iemkrltoej oj ojmustrolc frewth# plrtonuclrcy oj thk iljualnturojf sknter# os clrfkcylttroùtkm te scuffosh frewth ea ojvkstikjt# squkkzkm ilrfojs ea thk nerperltk sknter#mknkckrltoej oj thk rltk ea frewth ea nrkmot acews ljm thk arlfock fce`lc knejeion rknevkry*

@ex ?*0 7 Fevkrjikjt&s dky ojotoltovks te @eest Iljualnturojf

Lplrt arei thk fevkrjikjt&s rknkjt stkps te upcoat evkrlcc ùsojkss skjtoikjt ljm èestojvkstikjt# skvkrlc spknoaon ojotoltovks hlvk `kkj ojotoltkm te strkjfthkj ojmustry ljm ojplrtonuclr thk iljualnturojf sknter oj thk neujtry* ]hk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj menuikjt clysmewj `relm strltkfoks aer spurrojf ojmustrolc frewth ljm rkneiikjms sknter spknoaon iklsurksnevkrojf ionre# silcc# ikmoui ljm clrfk ojmustroks oj thk aerilc ls wkcc ls ojaerilc sknter*êik ea ilger ojotoltovks thlt nlj nhljfk thk iljualnturojf cljmsnlpk ea thk neujtry lrkljjeujnkikjt ea Jltoejlc Iljualnturojf Recony (JIR/#

oipckikjtltoej ea thk Mkcho Iui`lo Ojmustrolc Nerromer (MION/ Rregknt (skk Nhlptkr 0/ ljmpecony rkaeris te preietk aerkofj morknt ojvkstikjt (AMO/ ljm lj k)@oz pregknt* JltoejlcIljualnturojf Recony (JIR/ ]hk JIR wls lpprevkm `y thk fevkrjikjt oj Ente`kr# 02<<* ]hkilger e`gkntovks ea thk pecony lrk kjhljnojf thk shlrk ea iljualnturojf oj fress meikstonpremunt (FMR/ te 0; pkr nkjt ljm nrkltojf lj lmmotoejlc <22 ioccoej lmmotoejlc ge`s evkr lmknlmk er se* ]hk Recony lcse prevomks spknolc aenus te ojmustroks thlt lrk kipceyikjt

ojtkjsovk# thesk premunojf nlpotlc feems# thesk hlvojf strltkfon sofjoaonljnk# silcc ljmikmoui kjtkrprosks# ljm pu`con sknter kjtkrprosks `ksomks ojmustroks whkrk Ojmol kjgeys lneipktotovk lmvljtlfk* ]hk JIR prevomks aer preietoej ea ncustkrs ljm lffrkfltoej#kspknolccy threufh thk nrkltoej ea jltoejlc ojvkstikjt ljm iljualnturojf zejks (JOIWs/* Eutea twkcvk JOIWs se alr ljjeujnkm# kofht lrk lcejf thk MION* @ksomks# aeur ethkr JOIWs hlvk



`kkj fovkj oj)projnopck lpprevlc (o/ Jlfpur oj Ilhlrlshtrl# (oo/ ]uidur oj Dlrjltldl# (ooo/Nhotteer mostront oj Ljmhrl Rrlmksh# ljm (ov/ Ikmld mostront oj Ljmhrl Rrlmksh*

MION Rregknt

Ojmustrolc mkvkcepikjt ojotoltovks ujmkr MION pregknt prkskjtcy nevkr kofht ojmustrolc notoks thltlrk prepeskm te `k mkvkcepkm lcejf thk rlocwly nerromer* ]hk Ilstkr Rcljjojf aer thk

ojvkstikjt rkfoejs ljm ojmustrolc lrkls tldkj up ojotolccy te `k mkvkcepkm ls jkw notoks ojFuglrlt# Ilmhyl Rrlmksh# Hlryljl# Plglsthlj ljm Ilhlrlshtrl hlvk `kkj neipcktkm ljmilstkr pcljjojf oj [ttlr Rrlmksh hls stlrtkm* ]hk ^tltk fevkrjikjts hlvk ojotoltkm thkprenkss ea e`tlojojf cljm aer thk jkw ojmustrolc rkfoejs%lrkls ls wkcc ls aer thk Klrcy @ormRregknts* Kjvorejikjtlc oiplnt lsskssikjt (KOL/ stumoks hlvk `kkj ojotoltkm aer aovk ojmustrolcnotoks* Mktlocs ea thk evkrlcc MION pregknt hlvk `kkj mosnusskm oj Nhlptkr 0*

AMO Recony ojotoltovks

Ls l plrt ea pecony rkaeri prenkss# thk AMO pecony os `kojf prefrkssovkcy co`krlcozkm ej ljejfeojf `lsos oj ermkr te lccew AMO oj ierk ojmustroks ujmkr thk luteilton reutk* êik rknkjtnhljfks oj AMO pecony# `ksomks nejsecomltoej ea thk pecony ojte l sojfck menuikjt ojncumk AMO ojiucto)`rljm rktloc trlmojf up te ;< pkr nkjt su`gknt te spknoaokm nejmotoejs4 ojnrklsojf AMO coiotte <22 pkr nkjt oj sojfck)`rljm rktloc trlmojf4 AMO up te =? pkrnkjt oj novoc lvoltoej ljm pewkr

kxnhljfks4 AMO up te =? pkrnkjt oj `relmnlstojf sknter ujmkr thk luteilton reutk ljm AMOlèvk =? pkrnkjt ljm up te 6= pkrnkjt ujmkr thk Fevkrjikjt reutk èth aer tkckperts ljmieòck ]Q*

^kttojf up ea thk k)@oz Rregknt te preietk klsk ea meojf ùsojkss ]hk fevkrjikjt hlsljjeujnkm thk skttojf up ea )&Ojvkst Ojmol&)# l geojt)vkjturk neipljy `ktwkkj thk Mkplrtikjtea Ojmustrolc Recony ljm Rreietoej ljm AONNO# ls l jet)aer)preaot# sojfck wojmew alnocotlter# aerprespkntovk evkrskls ojvksters ljm te lnt ls l strunturkm iknhljosi te lttrlnt ojvkstikjt* Ojlmmotoej# thk Fevkrjikjt hls ojotoltkm oipckikjtltoej ea thk k)@oz Rregknt# l iossoej iemkpregknt ujmkr thk Jltoejlc k)Fevkrjljnk Rclj (JkFR/ aer preietojf lj ejcojk sojfck wojmew ltthk jltoejlc ckvkc aer ùsojkss uskrs* ]hk e`gkntovks ea skttojf up ea thk k)@oz pertlc lrk teprevomk l jui`kr ea skrvonks te ùsojkss uskrs# nevkrojf thk kjtork coak nynck ea thkor epkrltoej* ]hk pregknt lois lt kjhljnojf Ojmol&s ùsojkss neipktotovkjkss threufh l skrvonk erokjtkm#kvkjt)mrovkj F0@ ojtkrlntoej*

KJ]KPRPO^K^ (IÎK/ ^KN]EP

?*0= ]hk IÎK sknter nevkrs èth thk rkfostkrkm ljm ojaerilc sknters* ]hk nclssoaonltoej ea ionre# silcc ljm ikmoui kjtkrprosks lt prkskjt os `lskm ej thk nrotkroej ea ojvkstikjt oj pcljtljm ilnhojkry `y klnh kjtkrprosk* Mktlockm ojaeriltoej aer thk rkfostkrkm IÎKs ej thkvlroeus knejeion vlrol`cks sunh ls kipceyikjt# ojvkstikjt# premunts# fress eutput# ljmkxperts os lvlocl`ck `lskm ej thk Aeurth Nkjsus ea IÎK (0221)26/* ]hk sozk ea thk rkfostkrkmIÎKs wls kstoiltkm te `k lèut <;*8= cldh ujots woth su`)sknter wosk neipesotoej oj thkprepertoej ea ?=*? pkr nkjt ionre kjtkrprosks# =*8? pkr nkjt silcc ljm 2*<6 pkr nkjt ikmouikjtkrprosks* ]hk tetlc rkfostkrkm IÎK sknter neiproskm ea 16*< pkr nkjt iljualnturojfkjtkrprosks ljm >0*? pkr nkjt skrvonks kjtkrprosks* Lèut =; pkr nkjt ea thksk rkfostkrkmkjtkrprosks wkrk cenltkm oj rurlc lrkls* Ierk mktlockm ojaeriltoej `lskm ej thk Aeurth Nkjsus

ej thk ujerfljozkm sknter ujots# nejstotutojf lèut ?= pkr nkjt ea thk kjtork IÎK sknter oslwlotkm*

?*0; Oj thk rknkjt plst thk Rroik Iojostkr&s ]lsd Aernk ej IÎKs ljm thk ]wkcath Rclj VerdojfFreup ej IÎKs hlvk mosnusskm ossuks rkcltkm te thk IÎK sknter* ]hk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rcljpecony arlikwerd os fuomkm `y thk rkneiikjmltoejs ea thksk dky neiiottkks* ]hk Rclj nevkrsvlroeus lspknts ea thk IÎK sknter ljm ots dky rkneiikjmltoejs alcc ujmkr sox `relm vkrtonlcs#voz* </ aojljnk ljm nrkmot (oo/ tknhjecefy (ooo/ ojarlstrunturk (ov/ ilrdktojf ljm prenurkikjt (v/sdocc mkvkcepikjt ljm trlojojf# ljm (vo/ ojstotutoejlc strunturk* ]hk Rclj hls l skplrltk skt ea rkneiikjmltoejs aer thk dhlmo ljm vocclfk ojmustroks ljm thk neor sknter* Oj ermkr te èest thkIÎK sknter# skvkrlc snhkiks lrk ujmkr epkrltoej ojncumojf thk aeccewojf ejks* <*Rrenurkikjt Recony7 ]hk fevkrjikjt hls jetoaokm l Ru con Rrenurkikjt Recony aer FeemsRremunkm ljm ^krvonks rkjmkrkm `y Ionre ! îlcc Kjtkrprosks (I^K/ ermkr# 02<0 kaakntovk arei<st Lproc# 02<0* ]hk pecony iljmltks thlt lcc thk nkjtrlc iojostroks % mkplrtikjts % nkjtrlcpu`con sknter ujmkrtldojfs (NR^[s/ shlcc prenurk l iojoiui ea 02 pkr nkjt ea thkor ljjulcvlcuk ea feems % skrvonks rkquorkm `y thki arei I^Ks* Aurthkr# pecony hls klrilrdkm lsu`tlrfkt ea = pkr nkjt prenurkikjt eut ea thos 02 pkr nkjt arei I^Ks ewjkm `y snhkmuckmnlstk% snhkmuckm tro`k (^N % ^]/ kjtrkprkjkurs*

Aerkofj Morknt Ojvkstikjt (AMO/



?*08 ]hk fevkrjikjt hls put oj pclnk lj ojvkster arokjmcy pecony ej AMO# ujmkr whonh kquotyplrtonopltoej ea up te <22 pkr nkjt# os pkriottkm threufh thk luteilton reutk# oj iljysknters%lntovotoks* AMO pecony os rkvokwkm ej lj ejfeojf `lsos# woth l vokw te ildojf ot ierkojvkster arokjmcy* Aer klsk ea rkakrkjnk# lcc prkss jetks%nornuclrs ossukm sojnk <??< hlvk `kkjnejsecomltkm ojte l sojfck menuikjt whonh os lvlocl`ck oj thk pu`con meiloj ej thk wk`sotk ea Mkplrtikjt ea Ojmustrolc Recony ljm Rreietoej (www*mopp*jon*oj/* ôfjoaonljt nhljfks hlvk

`kkj ilmk oj thk AMO pecony rkfoik oj rknkjt toiks# te kjsurk thlt Ojmol rkilojs ojnrklsojfcylttrlntovk ljm ojvkster)arokjmcy* êik ea thk nhljfks ilmk te thk pecony murojf 02<0 lrk lsaeccews7

(o/ ôfjoaonljt nhljfks kaakntovk arei <2*=*02<0 ojncumk7 (o/ iljmltojf AOR@ lpprevlc ejcyaer ojvkstikjt ilmk ujmkr thk AMO snhkik oj neiiemoty kxnhljfks (oo/ nclroaonltoejthlt thk lntovoty ea &cklsojf ljm aojljnk&# nevkrs ejcy &aojljnolc cklsks& ljm jet&epkrltojf cklsks& (ooo/ nclroaonltoej thlt rlosojf ea thk lffrkfltk coiot ea 0= pkr nkjt# tethk sknterlc nlp%stltutery nkocojf# weucm `k su`gknt te proer ojtoiltoej te P@O*

(oo/ Pkvokwojf thk pecony rkcltojf te nlcnucltoej ea mewjstrkli ojvkstikjts `y l `ljdojfneipljy ojnerperltkm oj Ojmol# whonh os ewjkm ljm%er nejtrecckm `y jej)rksomkjts% ljej)rksomkjt kjtoty%jej)rksomkjt kjtotoks# thk fevkrjikjt hls kxkiptkm mewjstrkliojvkstikjts ilmk `y sunh neipljoks# ujmkr nerperltk mk`t rkstrunturojf (NMP/# er

ethkr celj rkstrunturojf iknhljosi# er oj trlmojf èeds# er aer lnquosotoej ea shlrks mukte mkalucts oj celjs# arei `kojf neujtkm ls ojmorknt aerkofj ojvkstikjt*

(ooo/ ]hk fevkrjikjt likjmkm thk pecony ej sojfck`rljm rktloc trlmojf# likjmojf thknejmotoejs rkcltojf te 7 (o/ thk aerkofj ojvkster `kojf thk ewjkr ea thk `rljm7 ot hls `kkjspknoaokm thlt# hkjnkaerth# ejcy ejk jej)rksomkjt kjtoty# whkthkr ewjkr ea thk `rljm erethkrwosk# shlcc `k pkriottkm te ujmkrtldk sojfck `rljm premunt rktloc trlmojf# aer thkspknoaon `rljm# threufh l ckflccy tkjl`ck lfrkkikjt# woth thk `rljm ewjkr ljm (oo/iljmltery seurnojf ea lt cklst >2 pkr nkjt ea thk vlcuk ea premunts te `k mejk areiOjmolj &silcc ojmustroks% vocclfk ljm nettlfk ojmustroks# lrtosljs ljm nrlatsikj&#lppconl`ck oj rkspknt ea prepeslcs ojvecvojf AMO `kyejm ;< pkr nkjt7 Ot hls `kkjspknoaokm thlt# seurnojf ea >2 pkr nkjt ea thk vlcuk ea feems purnhlskm# wocc `k mejkarei Ojmol# prkakrl cy arei IÎK# vocclfk ljm nettlfk ojmustroks# lrtosljs ljmnrlatsikj# oj lcc sknters*

(ov/ ]hk fevkrjikjt hls mknomkm te pkriot AMO up te ;< pkr nkjt# woth AOR@ lpprevlc# ojiucto)`rljm rktloc trlmojf# su`gknt te spknoaokm nejmotoejs*

(v/ Oj thk novoc lvoltoej sknter# thk fevkrjikjt hls mknomkm te pkriot aerkofj lorcojks lcse teojvkst# oj thk nlpotlc ea Ojmolj neipljoks# epkrltojf snhkmuckm ljm jej)snhkmuckm lortrljspert skrvonks# up te thk coiot ea =? pkr nkjt ea thkor plom)up nlpotlc*

(vo/ ]hk fevkrjikjt hls mknomkm te pkriot aerkofj ojvkstikjt up te =? pkr nkjt# oj pewkrkxnhljfks# rkfostkrkm ujmkr thk Nkjtrlc Kckntronoty Pkfucltery Neiiossoej (RewkrIlrdkt/ Pkfucltoejs# 02<2* ]hk aerkofj ojvkstikjt weucm `k oj neipcoljnk woth^knurotoks ljm Kxnhljfk @elrm ea Ojmol (^K@O/ Pkfucltoejs4 ethkr lppconl`ck clws%rkfucltoejs4 sknuroty ljm ethkr nejmotoejlcotoks*

^KPQONK^ ^KN]EPOjmol‟s skrvonks sknter kxpljmkm quondcy woth meu`ck)mofot frewth oj thk sknejm hlca ea thk0222s* Ls thk Kure)zejk nrosos hls werskjkm# frewth hls scewkm# theufh thk sknter os stoccfrewojf lt l iunh hofhkr rltk thlj thk ethkr twe sknters ea thk knejeiy*

^KPQONK^ ^KN]EP 7 OJ]KPJL]OEJLC NEIRLPOÊJ

<2*> Oj wercm FMR ea [^-62*0 troccoej oj 02<<# thk shlrk ea skrvonks wls 16*; pkr nkjt# ierk erckss thk slik ls oj 022<* Ojtkrkstojfcy thk tep <; neujtroks oj tkris ea skrvonks FMR lrk lcsethk slik oj evkrlcc FMR oj 02<<* ]hos cost ojncumks thk ilger mkvkcepkm neujtroks ljm @rlzoc#Pussol# Ojmol# ljm Nhojl* Liejf thk tep <; neujtroks woth hofhkst evkrlcc FMR oj 02<<# Ojmolrljdkm ?th oj evkrlcc FMR ljm <2th oj skrvonks FMR* L neiplrosej ea thk skrvonks pkraeriljnk

ea thk tep <; neujtroks oj thk kckvkj)yklr pkroem arei 022< te 02<< shews thlt thk ojnrklsk ojshlrk ea skrvonks oj FMR os thk hofhkst aer Ojmol (8*< pkrnkjtlfk peojts/ aeccewkm `y ^ploj*Vhock Nhojl‟s hofhkst skrvonks neipeujm ljjulc frewth rltk (NLFP/ ea <<*< pkr nkjt wlslnneipljokm `y ilrfojlc nhljfk oj ots shlrk ea skrvonks aer thos pkroem# Ojmol‟s vkry hofh NLFP(?*0 pkr nkjt/ whonh wls sknejm hofhkst wls lcse lnneipljokm `y thk hofhkst nhljfk oj otsshlrk* ]hos os lcse l rkackntoej ea thk meiojltoej ea thk ojmustrolc sknter lcejf woth skrvonks oj



Nhojl oj ots frewth# whock Ojmol‟s frewth hls `kkj pewkrkm ilojcy `y thk skrvonks sknter (lcseskk Nhlptkr 0/* Mkspotk thk hofhkr shlrk ea skrvonks oj Ojmol‟s FMR ljm meiojljnk ea ojmustryevkr skrvonks oj Nhojl# oj tkris ea l`secutk vlcuk ea skrvonks FMR ls wkcc ls frewth oj skrvonks( èth mknlmlc ljm ljjulc oj 022<# 02<2# ljm 02<</ Nhojl os stocc lhklm ea Ojmol*

@ex <2*< 7 Rkraeriljnk ea ^krvonks Aoris 7 L ^knterlc Ljlcysos

]hk Nkjtrk aer Iejoterojf Ojmolj Knejeiy‟s (NIOK/ ljlcysos ea thk sknter)wosk pkraeriljnk ea skrvonks lntovotoks `lskm ej aori)ckvkc mltl shew thlt thk pkraeriljnk ea sknters sunh lstrljspert cefostons# lvoltoej ljm nejstruntoej oj thk yklr 02<0)<> os su`mukm oj neiplrosej tewoth thk prkvoeus yklr* Hofh jkfltovk RL] oj hetkc sknter nejtojukm* ]hk hklcth skrvonks ljmtkcknei sknters lrk pregkntkm te hlvk rkèujmkm oj thk yklr 02<0)<>* Evkrlcc thk yklr 02<>)<= os pregkntkm te `k `kttkr aer iest ea thk sknters# kxnkpt rktloc trlmojf# whonh os pregkntkm tehlvk jkfltovk frewth oj preaotlòcoty* ]hos jkfltovk frewth os nejtroùtkm `y twe alnters”ejkos thk `lsk kaaknt woth hofh preaot latkr tlx (RL]/ frewth oj thk yklr 02<0)<>4 ljm thk ethkr oslj kxpkntkm shrojdojf ea ilrfojs oj 02<>)<= muk te ojnrklsk oj epkrltojf nests ljm pronk nutsmrovkj `y hofh neipktotoej

@ex <2*0 7 AMO oj Iucto`rljm Pktloc ]rlmojf AMO oj iucto`rljm rktloc trlmojf hls `kkjpkriottkm su`gknt te spknoaokm nejmotoejs codk thk aeccewojf7

• Arksh lfronucturlc premunk# ojncumojf aruots# vkfktl`cks# acewkrs# frlojs# pucsks# arkshpeuctry# aoshkry# ljm iklt premunts# ily `k uj`rljmkm4

• Iojoiui lieujt te `k `reufht oj ls AMO `y thk aerkofj ojvkster# weucm `k [^ - <22ioccoej4

• Lt cklst ;2 pkr nkjt ea tetlc AMO `reufht oj shlcc `k ojvkstkm oj ‘`lndkjm ojarlstrunturk‟wothoj thrkk yklrs ea thk aorst trljnhk ea AMO4

• Lt cklst >2 pkr nkjt ea thk vlcuk ea prenurkikjt ea iljualnturkm% prenksskm premuntspurnhlskm shlcc `k seurnkm arei Ojmolj ‘silcc ojmustroks‟ whonh hlvk l tetlc ojvkstikjt ojpcljt ljm ilnhojkry jet kxnkkmojf [^ - <ioccoej4

• Pktloc slcks eutckts ily `k skt up ejcy oj notoks woth l pepucltoej ea ierk thlj <2 cldh lspkr Nkjsus 02<<ljm ily lcse nevkr lj lrkl ea <2 di lreujm thk iujonoplc%ur`ljlffceikrltoej coiots ea sunh notoks4

• Fevkrjikjt wocc hlvk thk aorst rofht te prenurkikjt ea lfronucturlc premunts* ^tltkfevkrjikjts%[]s weucm `k arkk te tldk thkor ewj mknosoejs oj rkflrm te oipckikjtltoej ea thk pecony ls rktloc trlmk os l stltk su`gknt* Kckvkj stltks%[]s# voz* Ljmhrl Rrlmksh# Lssli#Mkcho# Hlryljl# Gliiu ljm Dlshior# Ilhlrlshtrl#

Iljopur# Plglsthlj# [ttlrldhljm# Mlilj ljm Mou# ljm Mlmrl ljm Jlflr Hlvkco hlvk lfrkkm tepkriot kstl`coshikjt ea rktloc eutckts ujmkr thos pecony* Nejstotutoej ea l hofh)ckvkc freup ujmkrthk Iojostkr ea Nejsuikr Laalors hls lcse `kkj ljjeujnkm te ceed ojte vlroeus lspknts rkcltojfte ojtkrjlc trlmk ljm te ildk rkneiikjmltoejs ej ojtkrjlc trlmk rkaeris te thk fevkrjikjt#whkjkvkr rkquorkm* AMO oj iucto`rljm rktloc trlmk weucm `kjkaot stldkhecmkrs lnress thk kjtorksplj ea thk suppcy nhloj* Alrikrs stljm te `kjkaot arei thk sofjoaonljt rkmuntoej oj pest)hlrvkst cessks kxpkntkm te rksuct arei thk strkjfthkjojf ea thk `lndkjm ojarlstrunturk# whonhweucm kjl ck thk alrikrs te e tloj l rkiujkrltovk pronk aer thkor premunk* îlcciljualnturkrs wocc `kjkaot arei thk nejmotoejlcoty rkquorojf lt cklst >2 pkr nkjt prenurkikjtarei Ojmolj silcc ojmustroks# ls thos weucm kjl`ck thki te fkt ojtkfrltkm woth fce`lc rktlocnhlojs* ]hos oj turj wocc kjhljnk thkor nlplnoty te kxpert premunts arei Ojmol* Ls alr ls silccrktlockrs lrk nejnkrjkm# erfljozkm rktloc lcrklmy nekxosts woth silcc trlmkrs ljm thkujerfljozkm rktloc sknter* ^tumoks ojmonltk thlt thkrk hls `kkj l strejf neipktotovk rkspejskarei thk trlmotoejlc rktlockrs te thksk erfljozkm rktlockrs# threufh oiprevkm ùsojkss prlntonksljm tknhjecefonlc upfrlmltoej* Fce`lc kxpkrokjnk lcse ojmonltks thlt erfljozkm ljmujerfljozkm rktloc nekxost ljm frew* Nejsuikrs stljm te floj thk iest# aorst# arei thk cewkrojfea pronks thlt weucm rksuct arei suppcy)nhloj kaaonokjnoks ljm sknejmcy# threufh oiprevkikjtoj premunt qulcoty muk te thk neiòjkm kaaknt ea tknhjecefonlc upfrlmltoej# kaaonokjt frlmojf#sertojf ljm plndlfojf# tkstojf ljm qulcoty nejtrec# ljm premunt stljmlrmozltoej*Oipckikjtltoej ea thk pecony os lcse codkcy te cklm te frkltkr AMO ojacews# qulcoty kipceyikjt#

ljm lmeptoej ea fce`lc `kst prlntonks*êurnk7 @lskm ej Ojputs arei thk Mkplrtikjt ea Ojmustrolc Recony ljm Rreietoej (MORR/

KJKPF_# OJAPL^]P[N][PK LJM NEII[JONL]OEJ^



]hk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj clys spknolc kiphlsos ej mkvkcepikjt ea thk ojarlstrunturk sknterojncumojf kjkrfy# ls thk lvloclòcoty ea qulcoty ojarlstrunturk os oipertljt jet ejcy aer sustlojojfhofh frewth ùt lcse kjsurojf thlt thk frewth os ojncusovk* ]hk tetlc ojvkstikjt oj thkojarlstrunturk sknter murojf thk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj# kstoiltkm lt Ps* ;1*> cldh nrerk(lpprex* [^-<troccoej/# wocc `k jklrcy meu`ck thlt ilmk murojf thk Kckvkjth Aovk _klr Rclj* ]hosstkp up oj ojvkstikjt wocc `k aklso`ck proilrocy `knlusk ea kjclrfkm provltk)sknter plrtonopltoej

thlt os kjvoslfkm* [jùjmcojf ea ojarlstrunturk pregknts# pu`con provltk plrtjkrshops (RRR/# ljmierk trljsplrkjt rkfucltery iknhljosis hlvk ojmunkm provltk ojvksters te ojnrklsk thkorplrtonopltoej oj ojarlstrunturk sknters* ]hkor shlrk oj ojarlstrunturk ojvkstikjt ojnrklskm arei00 pkr nkjt oj thk ]kjth Aovk _klr Rclj te >8 pkr nkjt oj thk Kckvkjth Rclj ljm os kxpkntkm te`k lèut =8 pkr nkjt murojf thk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj* _kt# ierk thlj hlca ea thk rkseurnksrkquorkm aer ojarlstrunturk weucm jkkm te neik arei thk pu`con sknter# arei thk fevkrjikjt#ljm thk plrlstltlcs* ]hos weucm rkquork jet ejcy thk nrkltoej ea thk aosnlc splnk ùt lcse usk ea l rltoejlc pronojf pecony* Aurthkr# snlcojf up provltk)sknter plrtonopltoej ej l sustlojl`ck `lsoswocc rkquork rkmkaojojf thk nejteurs ea thkor plrtonopltoej aer thk mkvkcepikjt ea ojarlstrunturksknter oj l trljsplrkjt ljm e`gkntovk iljjkr woth l neiprkhkjsovk rkfucltery iknhljosi ojpclnk* ]hos nhlptkr suiilrozks rknkjt mkvkcepikjts oj thk ojarlstrunturk sknter# plrtonuclrcythk kjkrfy snkjlroe oj Ojmol# ljm thk nhlcckjfks ljm eppertujotoks oj thk nejtkxt ea thk tlrfktsljm iockstejks kjvoslfkm oj thk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj*

EQKPQOKV EA RKPAEPILJNK

<<*0 Ojarlstrunturk pregknts tldk l cejf toik te pclj ljm oipckikjt* Mkclys oj thk kxknutoej ea pregknts jet ejcy cklm te shertalccs oj lnhokvojf tlrfkts ùt womkj thk lvloclòcoty flps* ]oikevkrrujs oj thk oipckikjtltoej ea pregknts nejtojuk te `k ejk ea thk iloj rklsejs aerujmkrlnhokvkikjt oj iljy ojarlstrunturk sknters* ]hk stltus rkpert ea ilger nkjtrlc)sknterpregknts nestojf Ps* <;2 nrerk ljm lèvk aer thk iejth ea ^kptki`kr 02<0 shews thlt eut ea thk ;11 pregknts# aovk wkrk lhklm ea snhkmuck# 001 ej snhkmuck# ljm 0;8 hlm `kkj mkclykmwoth rkspknt te thkor cltkst snhkmuckm mltk ea neipcktoej* ]hk rkilojojf pregknts me jet hlvkaoxkm mltks ea neiiossoejojf* Mkclys oj cljm lnquosotoej# iujonoplc pkriossoej# suppcy ea iltkrolcs# lwlrm ea werd# epkrltoejlc ossuks# ktn* nejtojukm te mrlf mewj oipckikjtltoej ea thksk pregknts* ^knter)wosk# oj thk nelc sknter 0< pregknts wkrk mkclykm eut ea ;<# oj thkpktreckui sknter >6 eut ea 6<# oj thk pewkr sknter =; eut ea ?8# oj thk rlocwlys =2 eut ea <06#

ljm oj thk relm sknter 81 eut ea thk tetlc <=1 pregknts* ]hk evkrlcc nest evkrruj lieujtkm te<1*8 pkr nkjt ea thk erofojlc nest ljm tocc ^kptki`kr 02<0 ejcy =;*; pkr nkjt ea thk ljtonopltkmnest ea thk pregknts hlm `kkj ojnurrkm*

<<*> Ilger sknter)wosk pkraeriljnk ea nerk ojmustroks ljm ojarlstrunturk skrvonks shews lioxkm trkjm se alr oj thk nurrkjt aojljnolc yklr* Rremuntoej ea nelc# nkikjt# pktreckui rkaojkrywls ilrfojlccy hofhkr murojf thk nurrkjt yklr ls neiplrkm te thk nerrkspejmojf pkroem ea thkprkvoeus yklr whock stkkc ljm pewkr)sknter premuntoej wls neiplrltovkcy cewkr* Akrtocozkr#nrumk eoc# ljm jlturlc fls premuntoej lcse mkncojkm murojf thk aorst jojk iejths ea thos aojljnolcyklr* Liejf thk ojarlstrunturk skrvonks# frewth oj arkofht trlaaon `y rlocwlys hls `kkjneiplrltovkcy hofhkr se alr# whock thk novoc lvoltoej sknter ljm nlrfe hljmckm lt ilger pertshlvk wotjksskm jkfltovk frewth* Oj thk relm sknter thk Jltoejlc Hofhwlys Lutheroty ea Ojmol(JHLO/ lnhokvkm <6*> pkr nkjt frewth murojf thk nurrkjt aojljnolc yklr upte Jevki`kr 02<0*

@ex <<*< 7 Kjkrfy Rronojf

]hk fevkrjikjt lpprknoltks thk knejeion reck ea rltoejlc kjkrfy pronojf* Pltoejlc kjkrfypronks prevomk thk rofht sofjlcs te èth thk premunkrs ljm nejsuikrs ljm cklm te l mkiljm)suppcy iltnh# prevomojf ojnkjtovks aer rkmunojf nejsuiptoej ej thk ejk hljm ljm stoiucltojfpremuntoej ej thk ethkr* Lcofjojf meikston kjkrfy pronks woth thk fce`lc pronks# kspknolccywhkj clrfk oiperts lrk ojvecvkm# ily `k omklc eptoej ls ioslcofjikjt neucm pesk èth ionre)ljm ilnreknejeion pre ckis* Lt ionreknejeion ckvkc# ujmkrpronojf ea kjkrfy te thknejsuikr jet ejcy rkmunks thk ojnkjtovk aer `kojf kjkrfykaaonokjt# ot lcse nrkltks aosnlcoi`lcljnks* Ckldlfks ljm ojlppreproltk usk ily `k thk ethkr oipconltoejs* [jmkrpronojf tethk premunkr rkmunks èth hos ojnkjtovk ljm lòcoty te ojvkst oj thk sknter ljm ojnrklsksrkcoljnk ej oiperts* Evkr thk yklrs# Ojmol&s kjkrfy pronks hlvk `kneik ioslcofjkm ljm lrkjew iunh cewkr thlj fce`lc pronks aer iljy premunts* ]hk kxtkjt ea ioslcofjikjt os

su`stljtolc# cklmojf te clrfk ujtlrfktkm su`somoks* ]hk fevkrjikjt hls tldkj skvkrlc ojotoltovks aer rltoejlcozojf thk kjkrfy pronks oj moaakrkjtsknters* ]hk Ojtkfrltkm Kjkrfy Recony hls eutcojkm thk `relm nejteurs ea thk pronojf systki aernelc* ]hk pronojf ea nelc os mejk jew ej fress nlceroaon vlcuk (FNQ/ `lsos woth kaaknt arei >< Gljulry 02<0# rkpclnojf thk klrcokr systki ea pronojf ej thk `lsos ea uskauc hklt vlcuk ([HQ/



whonh tldks ojte lnneujt thk hklt trlppkm oj lsh nejtkjt lcse# `ksomks thk hklt vlcuk ea nlrèj nejtkjt* ]hk rkvosoej oj thk FNQ os codkcy te ojnrklsk thk pronks ea meikston nelc teseik kxtkjt# ùt thos os l mksorl`ck lmgustikjt `knlusk meikston thkrilc nelc# lmgustkm aerqulcoty moaakrkjnks# nejtojuks te `k ujmkrpronkm*

Oj nlsk ea pktreckui premunts pronojf# thk fevkrjikjt mosiljtckm thk Lmiojostkrkm Rronojf

Iknhljosi oj 0220* ]hos mknosoej# hewkvkr# wls jet auccy oipckikjtkm ljm meikston plssthreufh ea fce`lc pronk ojnrklsks rkilojkm cew aer pktrec# mokskc# dkreskjk# ljm CRF* Ej 0; Gujk 02<2# thk fevkrjikjt ljjeujnkm thlt thk pronk ea pktrec wls auccy mkrkfucltkm ljm thk eocneipljoks wkrk arkk te aox ot pkroemonlccy* Hewkvkr# mokskc pronk mkrkfucltoej wls mkakrrkm* Oj Gljulry 02<># thk fevkrjikjt ljjeujnkm thk jkw relmilp prevomojf aer l frlmulc pronkojnrklsk aer rkmunojf mokskc ujmkr)rknevkroks* Lmiossoòcoty ea su`somozkm jui`kr ea coqukaokmpktreckui fls (CRF/ nycojmkrs ljm pronks ea CRF hlvk lcse rknkjtcy `kkj rkvoskm* Rronojf ea flsos prkskjtcy mejk ujmkr thk Jkw Kxpcerltoej Conkjsojf Recony (JKCR/* ]hk fevkrjikjt prevomksthk epkrlter arkkmei te skcc thk fls premunkm arei thk JKCR `cends lt l ilrdkt)mktkriojkmpronk # su`gknt te thk lpprevlc ea pronojf aeriucl* ]hk fevkrjikjt os rkvokwojf pronojf ujmkrthk pronk shlrojf nejtrlnt (R^N/ te nclroay thk kxtkjt te whonh premunkrs wocc hlvk thk arkkmeite ilrdkt thk fls*

Mkmonltkm Arkofht Nerromer Rregknt ]hk Klstkrj ljm Vkstkrj Mkmonltkm Arkofht Nerromers (MAN/ lrk l ikfl rloc trljspert pregknt`kojf ujmkrtldkj te ojnrklsk trljspertltoej nlplnoty# rkmunk ujot nests ea trljspertltoej# ljmoiprevk skrvonk qulcoty* ]hk Klstkrj MAN (<8>? reutk doceiktrks TPDIY/ kxtkjms arei Mljdujojklr Decdltl te Cumholjl oj Rujgl`# whock thk Vkstkrj MAN (<=?? PDI/ kxtkjms arei thk Glwlhlr Clc Jkhru Rert (GJR]/ oj Iui`lo te Mlmro %Pkwlro jklr Mkcho* L spknolc purpesk vkhonck#thk Mkmonltkm Arkofht Nerromer Nerperltoej ea Ojmol Coiotkm hls `kkj skt up te oipckikjt thkpregknt* Eut ea <2#62> hl ea cljm te `k lnquorkm aer thk pregknt# 6#618 hl (6> pkr nkjt/ hlslcrklmy `kkj lwlrmkm ujmkr thk Plocwly Likjmikjt Lnt (PLL/ 0228* ]hk Klstkrj ljmVkstkrj MAN pregknts lrk `kojf aujmkm threufh l iox ea òcltkrlc%iuctocltkrlc celjs# fressùmfktlry suppert (F@^/# ljm RRR* ]hk Vkstkrj MAN os `kojf aujmkm `y thk Glplj OjtkrjltoejlcNeepkrltoej Lfkjny (GONL/ up te 66 pkr nkjt ea thk tetlc nest*

Aujmojf hls `kkj tokm up ljm lwlrm ea novoc nejtrlnt ea ?22 di os oj prenkss* ]hk rkilojojfpertoej ea thk pregknt nejstruntoej nest wocc `k èrjk `y thk Iojostry ea Plocwlys ls kquotyaujmojf* ]hk Cumholjl te Iufhlcslrlo skntoej (<<8> di/ ea thk Klstkrj MAN os `kojf aujmkm `ythk Vercm @ljd up te 11 pkr nkjt ea thk pregknt nest* Aujmojf aer thk aorst sknter# voz* Dhurgl)Dljpur (>=> di/# hls `kkj tokm up ljm lwlrm ea novoc nejtrlnt os ujmkr wly* Aujmojf tok upwoth thk Vercm @ljd aer thk rkilojojf sknters os lcse oj prenkss*

]hk Iufhlcslrlo)êjjlflr sknter (<00 di/ wocc `k aujmkm `y Ojmolj Plocwlys& ewj rkseurnks*Novoc nejstruntoej werd ea thos sknter os oj prefrkss* ]hk Mljdujo)êjjlflr skntoej (;>= di/ ea thk Klstkrj MAN wocc `k oipckikjtkm threufh RRR iemk* Lplrt arei thk Klstkrj ljm VkstkrjMANs# l aklsoòcoty stumy hls lcse `kkj ujmkrtldkj ej aeur auturk arkofht nerromers# voz* Klst)Vkst Nerromer (Decdltl)Iui`lo/# Jerth)êuth Nerromer (Mkcho)Nhkjjlo/# Klst Nelst Nerromer(Dhlrlfpur) Qoglylwlml/ ljm êuthkrj Nerromer (Fel)Nhkjjlo/* L prk)aklsoòcoty stumy ea thkNhkjjlo)@ljflcerk Arkofht Nerromer os lcse `kojf prepeskm* Latkr neiiossoejojf ea thk Klstkrj

ljm Vkstkrj MANs# ot os pcljjkm te upfrlmk thk spkkm ea plsskjfkr trlojs te <12)022 diph ejthk kxostojf reutks* L aklsoòcoty stumy aer upfrlmltoej ea spkkm ea plsskjfkr trlojs te <12)022diph ej thk kxostojf Mkcho)Iui`lo reutk hls `kkj ujmkrtldkj woth ne)epkrltoej arei thkFevkrjikjt ea Glplj oj 02<0)<>*

@ex <<*= 7 J]R)02<0

]hk Fevkrjikjt lpprevkm Jltoejlc ]kcknei Recony (J]R/ 02<0# whonh lmmrkssks thk vosoej#strltkfon morkntoej# ljm thk vlroeus ikmoui) ljm cejf)tkri ossuks rkcltkm te thk tkckneisknter# ej >< Ily 02<0* J]R)02<0 os loikm lt ilxoiozojf pu`con feem `y ildojf laaerml`ck#rkcol`ck# ljm sknurk tkckneiiujonltoej ljm `relm`ljm skrvonks lvlocl`ck lnress thk neujtry* ]hk e`gkntovks ea J]R)02<0 ojncumk thk aeccewojf7

• Rrevomk sknurk# laaerml`ck# ljm hofh)qulcoty tkckneiiujonltoej skrvonks te lcc notozkjs*

•

^trovk te nrkltk Ejk Jltoej)Ejk Conkjnk lnress skrvonks ljm skrvonk lrkls*• Lnhokvk Ejk Jltoej)Aucc Ieòck Jui`kr Rertlòcoty ljm werd tewlrms Ejk Jltoej)Arkk

Peliojf*• Ojnrklsk rurlc tkck)mkjsoty arei thk nurrkjt ckvkc ea lreujm >? te 62 `y thk yklr 02<6

ljm <22 `y thk yklr 0202*



• Pknefjozk tkcknei# ojncumojf `relm`ljm nejjkntovoty# ls l `lson jknkssoty codkkmunltoej ljm hklcth ljm werd tewlrms &Pofht te @relm`ljm&*

• Rrevomk laaerml`ck ljm rkcol`ck `relm`ljm)ej)mkiljm `y thk yklr 02<; ljm te lnhokvk<6; ioccoej `relm`ljm nejjkntoejs `y thk yklr 02<6 ljm 122 ioccoej `y thk yklr 0202lt iojoiui 0 I`ps mewjcelm spkkm ljm ildk lvlocl`ck hofhkr spkkms ea lt cklst <22I`ps ej mkiljm*

• Rrevomk hofh)spkkm ljm hofh)qulcoty `relm`ljm lnnkss te lcc vocclfk pljnhlylts threufhl neiòjltoej ea tknhjecefoks `y thk yklr 02<= ljm prefrkssovkcy te lcc vocclfks ljmhlòtltoejs `y 0202*

• Pknefjozk tkcknei ls lj ojarlstrunturk sknter te rklcozk thk truk petkjtolc ea ojaeriltoej neiiujonltoej tknhjecefy (ON]/ aer mkvkcepikjt

• Lmmrkss rofht)ea)wly (PeV/ ossuks oj skttojf up ea tkcknei ojarlstrunturk*

• Iljmltk lj knesystki aer kjsurojf skttojf up ea l neiiej pcltaeri aerojtkrnejjkntoej ea vlroeus jktwerds aer prevomojf jej)kxncusovk ljm jej)mosnroiojlterylnnkss*

• ^trovk aer kjhljnkm ljm nejtojukm lmeptoej ea frkkj pecony oj tkcknei ljm ojnkjtovozkusk ea rkjkwl`ck rkseurnks aer sustlojlòcoty

• Lnhokvk su`stljtolc trljsotoej te thk jkw Ojtkrjkt Rretenec (ORv 1/ oj thk neujtry oj l

phlskm ljm toik)èujm iljjkr `y 0202 ljm kjneurlfk lj knesystki aer prevosoej ea lsofjoaonljtcy clrfk èuqukt ea skrvonks ej thk OR pcltaeri*

RRR ojotoltovks oj Ojmol

]hk Fevkrjikjt ea Ojmol os preietojf RRRs ls lj kaakntovk teec aer `rojfojf provltk)sknterkaaonokjnoks oj nrkltoej ea knejeion ljm senolc ojarlstrunturk lsskts ljm aer mkcovkry ea qulcotypu`con skrvonks* Ojmol oj rknkjt yklrs hls kikrfkm ls ejk ea thk cklmojf RRR ilrdkts oj thkwercm# `knlusk ea skvkrlc pecony ljm ojstotutoejlc ojotoltovks tldkj `y thk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt*@y kjm Mknki`kr 02<0 thkrk wkrk evkr ?22 RRR pregknts oj thk ojarlstrunturk sknter woth tetlcpregknt nest (]RN/ ea Ps* ;#=>#2=; nrerk ls neiplrkm te evkr 122 pregknts woth ]RN ea Ps*>>>#28> nrerk ej >< Ilrnh 02<2* ]hksk pregknts lrk lt moaakrkjt stlfks ea oipckikjtltoej# o*k*òmmojf# nejstruntoej# ljm epkrltoejlc* Lpprevlc ea Nkjtrlc)sknter RRR pregknts ôjnk otsnejstotutoej oj Gljulry 0221# thk Ru`con Rrovltk Rlrtjkrshop Lpprloslc Neiiottkk (RRRLN/ hlslpprevkm >26 nkjtrlc pregknt prepeslcs woth ]RN ea Ps* 0#?6#8;1*;8 nrerk* ]hksk ojncumk JHs(0=0 prepeslcs/# perts (0? prepeslcs/# lorperts (0 prepeslcs/# teurosi ojarlstrunturk (<prepeslc/#rlocwlys (< prepeslc/# heusojf (06 prepeslcs/# ljm sperts stlmol (; prepeslcs/* QFA aer RRRRregknts [jmkr thk ^nhkik aer Aojljnolc ûppert te RRRs oj Ojarlstrunturk (Qolòcoty FlpAujmojf ^nhkik/# <=; pregknts hlvk `kkj frljtkm lpprevlc woth ]RN ea Ps* 82#02>*08 nrerkljm QFA suppert ea Ps* <#;1#60*18 nrerk ljm Ps* ?20*?1 QFA nrerk hls `kkj mosùrskm*

]hortkkj jkw su`)sknters hlvk `kkj ojncumkm oj thk cost ea sknters kcofo`ck aer QFA suppertujmkr thk ^nhkik* ]hksk ojncumk7

o* Nlpotlc ojvkstikjt oj thk nrkltoej ea iemkrj sterlfk nlplnoty ojncumojf necm nhlojs ljm pest)hlrvkst sterlfk* oo* Kmunltoej# hklcth# ljm sdocc mkvkcepikjt* ooo* Ojtkrjlc ojarlstrunturk ojJltoejlc Ojvkstikjt ljm Iljualnturojf Wejks* ov* Eoc%fls%coqukaokm jlturlc fls (CJF/ sterlfkalnocoty Tojncumks Noty Fls mostroùtoej (NFM/ jktwerdY4 eoc ljm fls popkcojks (ojncumks NFMjktwerd/4 orrofltoej (mlis# nhljjkcs# ki`ljdikjts# ktn/4 tkckneiiujonltoej (aoxkm jktwerd/(ojncumks epton ao rk% work%nl ck jktwerds whonh prevomk `relm`ljm%ojtkrjkt/4tkckneiiujonltoej tewkrs4 tkriojlc ilrdkts4 neiiej ojarlstrunturk oj lfronucturk ilrdkts4ljm seoc)tkstojf clèrlteroks*

ûppert aer Rregknt Mkvkcepikjt ea RRR Rregknts

]hk Ojmol Ojarlstrunturk Rregknt Mkvkcepikjt Aujm (OORMA/ wls clujnhkm oj Mknki`kr 0226 tealnocotltk qulcoty pregknt mkvkcepikjt aer RRR pregknts ljm kjsurk trljsplrkjny oj prenurkikjtnejsuctljts ljm pregknts* ê alr# ;< pregknts hlvk `kkj lpprevkm woth OORMA lssostljnk ea Ps*1=*;< nrerk ea whonh Ps* 0;*22 nrerk hls `kkj mosùrskm* Nlplnoty @uocmojf ljm ^trkjfthkjojfea ^tltk ljm Nkjtrlc Ojstotutoejs ]hk Jltoejlc RRR Nlplnoty @uocmojf Rrefrliik wls clujnhkm`y thk Aojljnk Iojostkr oj Mknki`kr 02<2# ljm wls recckm eut clst yklr oj <; ^tltks ljm twenkjtrlc trlojojf ojstotutks# voz* thk Ojmolj Ilrotoik [jovkrsoty ljm Clc @lhlmur ^hlstro JltoejlcLnlmkiy ea Lmiojostrltoej* L neiprkhkjsovk nurronucui hls `kkj prkplrkm ljm << trlojojfprefrliiks nejmuntkm te trloj <;= trlojkrs# whe hlvk trlojkm evkr <?6; pu`con aujntoejlroks#whe mklc woth RRRs oj thkor meiloj* Ejcojk teecdots aer RRR pregknts aer aovk sknters wkrkmkvkcepkm ljm wkrk clujnhkm `y thk Aojljnk Iojostkr* ]hksk lrk lvlocl`ck ej thosMkplrtikjt&s wk`sotk ej RRRs# o*k* www*pppojojmol*nei* ]hk RRR teecdot os l wk )`lskmrkseurnk thlt hls `kkj mksofjkm te hkcp oiprevk mknosoej)ildojf aer ojarlstrunturk RRRs oj

Ojmol ljm te oiprevk thk qulcoty ea thk ojarlstrunturk RRRs thlt lrk oipckikjtkm oj Ojmol* Oj thkplst ejk yklr# 602 jltoejlc ljm ojtkrjltoejlc uskrs hlvk lvlockm ea thos ejk)ea)l)dojm wk`)`lskm rkseurnk te strunturk `kttkr RRR pregknts*

RRR Pucks ljm RRR Recony7

Aeccewojf thk rkneiikjmltoejs ea thk Neiiottkk ej Ru`con Rrenurkikjt# thk Rroik Iojostkr&sljjeujnkikjt rkflrmojf trljsplrkjny ljm lnneujtlòcoty oj prenurkikjt# ljm prkplrltoej ea



thk Ru`con Rrenurkikjt @occ# ljm te kjsurk thlt RRR pregknts lrk prenurkm ljm oipckikjtkm `yaeccewojf clom mewj prenkssks ljm e`skrvojf projnopcks ea trljsplrkjny# neipktotovk òmprenkss# laaermlòcoty# ljm vlcuk aer iejky# thk mrlat RRR Pucks ljm RRR Recony hlvk `kkjprkplrkm* ]hksk hlvk ujmkrfejk kxtkjsovk nejsuctltoej prenkss lt nkjtrlc ljm stltkfevkrjikjt ckvkcs aer aojlcozltoej* Fce`lc kxpkrokjnk ojmonltks thlt RRRs werd wkcc whkj thkyneiòjk thk kaaonokjny ljm rosd lsskssikjt ea thk provltk sknter woth thk pu`con purpesk ea thkfevkrjikjt sknter* ]hky werd peercy whkj thky rkcy ej thk kaaonokjny ljm rosd lsskssikjt ea thk fevkrjikjt sknter ljm thk pu`con purpesk ea thk provltk sknter* Ojmol sheucm `k nlrkauc jette ujmkrtldk RRRs thlt me jet lppertoej rosds ljm rkspejsoòcotoks skjso`cy* Ierkevkr ackxoòcotyjkkms te `k ùoct ojte lrrljfkikjts se thlt thk nejtrlnt nlj `k wothmrlwj ljm put up aer rkòmwhkj thk provltk plrty ujmkrpkraeris* ]hk fevkrjikjt jkkms te stumy thk RRR kxpkrokjnkljm ùocm seik nkjtrlc nlplnoty te hkcp iojostroks# lutherotoks# ljm stltks strunturk nejtrlntsljm rkjkfetoltk treu`ckm ejks*

^[^]LOJL@CK MKQKCERIKJ] LJM NCOIL]K NHLJFK

]hk yklr 02<0 ily lrful`cy `k nejsomkrkm l hofh wltkr ilrd oj thk aokcm ea kjvorejikjt ljmsustlojl ck mkvkcepikjt ojotoltovks* ]hk fce`lc neiiujoty ikt lt thk [J Nejakrkjnk ejûstlojl`ck Mkvkcepikjt thlt teed pclnk oj Poe oj Gujk 02<0# lcse ilrdojf thk 02thljjovkrslry ea thk cljmilrd aorst Klrth ûiiot hkcm oj <??0* ]hk Nejakrkjnk rkvokwkm thkprefrkss ilmk# omkjtoaokm oipckikjtltoej flps# ljm lssksskm jkw ljm kikrfojf nhlcckjfks#

whonh rksuctkm oj l pecotonlc eutneik nlcckm thk &]hk Auturk Vk Vljt&* Oj Ojmol# thk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj wls clujnhkm woth l aenus ej sustlojl`ck frewth* ]hos lcejf woth sustlojl`ckmkvkcepikjt peconoks ljm prefrliiks whonh lrk `kojf aeccewkm sofjlcckm te notozkjs lt heikljm thk wercm lt clrfk thlt Ojmol os neiiottkm te sustlojl`ck mkvkcepikjt woth kqulc kiphlsosej ots thrkk moikjsoejs ) senolc# knejeion# ljm kjvorejikjtlc* L fce`lc neiplrltovk epojoejsurvky shews thlt pkepck oj Ojmol ljm ojmkkm lcc neujtroks# hlvk l ilrdkm ljm rosojf nejnkrjlèut sustlojl ck mkvkcepikjt ljm ncoiltk nhljfk* Hewkvkr# thk nhlcckjfks lrk lcseaerioml`ck# kspknolccy oj thk nejtkxt ea aojmojf thk iltnhojf rkseurnks ea thk rkquorkmilfjotumk fovkj thk knejeion nejmotoejs* Ncoiltk snokjnk hls rofhtcy tldkj up lj oipertljtpesotoej oj thk pu`con mk`ltk* Kvkj ls thk snokjnk ea ncoiltk nhljfk frlppcks wothujnkrtljotoks thk wercm os wotjkssojf ierk kxtrkik kvkjts* ]hk urfkjny aer lntoej os akct ierkthlj kvkr `kaerk* Oj nejtrlst# theufh thk Mehl Fltkwly ej ncoiltk nhljfk lfrkkm upej ojMknki`kr 02<0 kjsurkm thlt thkrk os nejtojultoej ea l iuctocltkrlc ljm ruck)`lskm rkfoik terkmunk kiossoejs# thk kiossoej pckmfks ej thk tl`ck `y thk mkvkcepkm neujtry Rlrtoks clndkmliòtoej* Jew thk Aoath Lsskssikjt Pkpert ea thk Ojtkr)fevkrjikjtlc Rljkc ej Ncoiltk Nhljfk(ORNN/ os oj thk aojlc stlfks ea neipcktoej* Voth rosojf kxtrkik kvkjts# ljm rosojf notozkjmkiljm# thk wercm hls cottck eptoej ùt te costkj te thk veonk ea kvecvojf snokjnk ljm rkspejmlmkqultkcy woth strltkfoks ljm pecony reetkm oj thk projnopcks ea iuctocltkrlcosi woth kquotl`ckljm alor ùrmkj shlrojf*

@ex <0*<7 ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj Lpprelnhks aer ûstlojl ck Mkvkcepikjt ljmCewkr Nlrèj

^trltkfoks

]hk ]wkcath Rclj strltkfy suffksts thlt thkrk lrk sofjoaonljt &ne)`kjkaots& aer ncoiltk lntoejwoth ojncusovk ljm sustlojl`ck frewth* Ojmol ls l clrfk rkspejso`ck pclykr woth vkry cew ojneik

hls lcse te kjsurk thlt thksk kaaerts lrk iltnhkm `y kquotl`ck ljm alor ùrmkj shlrojf liejfneujtroks# tldojf ojte lnneujt thk hosteronlc rkspejsoòcotoks aer kiossoejs* ]hksk ossuks lrk`kojf mosnusskm oj thk [JANNN*

Ojmol&s lpprelnh te l cewkr)nlrèj frewth strltkfy kxpconotcy rknefjozks thlt peconoks hlvk te`k ojncusovk ljm moaakrkjtoltkm lnress sknters lnnermojf te jltoejlc proerotoks# se ls te cewkr thktrljslntoej nests ea oipckikjtojf thk pecony# ljm nejaeri woth l jltoejlccy alor ùrmkj)shlrojfiknhljosi* Lj Kxpkrt Freup ej Cew Nlrèj ^trltkfoks lppeojtkm `y thk Rcljjojf Neiiossoejhls eutcojkm thk cewkr nlrèj strltkfoks aer ilger petkjtolc nlrèj iotofltoej sknters7

(o/ Rewkr7 Ej thk suppcy somk# lmept supkr)nrotonlc tknhjecefoks oj nelc)`lskm thkrilc pewkrpcljts4 usk fls oj neiòjkm hklt ljm pewkr systkis4 ojvkst oj rkjkwl`ck tknhjecefoks4ljm mkvkcep hymrepewkr oj l sustlojl ck iljjkr* Ej thk mkiljm somk# lnnkckrltklmeptoej ea supkr)kaaonokjt kckntronlc lppcoljnks threufh ilrdkt ljm rkfucltery

iknhljosis4 kjhljnk kaaonokjny ea lfronucturlc puip skts ljm ojmustrolc kquopikjt woth`kttkr tknhjecefy4 iemkrjozk trljsiossoej ljm mostro utoej te `rojf tknhjonlc ljmneiikrnolc cessks mewj te wercm lvkrlfk ckvkcs4 ujovkrslcozk lnnkss te kckntronoty4 ljmlnnkckrltk pewkr)sknter rkaeris*



(oo/ ]rljspert7 Ojnrklsk thk shlrk ea rloc oj evkrlcc arkofht trljspert4 oiprevk thk kaaonokjnyea rloc arkofht trljspert4 ildk ot pronk neipktotovk `y `rojfojf mewj thk ckvkcs ea nress)su`somozltoej `ktwkkj arkofht ljm plsskjfkr trljspert4 neipcktk mkmonltkm rloc nerromer4oiprevk shlrk ljm kaaonokjny ea pu`con trljspert systki4 ljm oiprevk aukc kaaonokjny ea vkhoncks threufh èth ilrdkt)`lskm ljm rkfucltery iknhljosis*

(ooo/ Ojmustry7 Frkkjaokcm pcljts oj thk orej ljm stkkc ljm nkikjt sknters lmept `kst lvlocl`ck

tknhjecefy4 kxostojf pcljts# plrtonuclrcy silcc ljm ikmoui ejks# iemkrjozk ljm lmeptfrkkj tknhjecefy lt lj lnnkckrltkm plnk# woth trljsplrkjt aojljnojf iknhljosis*

(ov/ @uocmojfs7 Kvecvk ljm ojstotutoejlcozk frkkj ùocmojf nemks lt lcc ckvkcs ea fevkrjikjt*

(v/ Aerkstry7 &Frkkj Ojmol Iossoej& te rkfkjkrltk lt cklst = ioccoej hl ea mkfrlmkm aerkst4ojnrklsk mkjsoty ea aerkst nevkr ej 0 ioccoej hl ea iemkrltkcy mkjsk aerkst4 ljm evkrlccojnrklsk thk mkjsoty ea aerkst ljm trkk nevkr ej <2 ioccoej hl ea aerkst# wlstk# ljmneiiujoty cljms*

[jmkrstljmojf Ncoiltk Nhljfk lt l Fcljnk

Kvkr sojnk thk ojmustrolc rkvecutoej# iljilmk lntovotoks hlvk lmmkm sofjoaonljt quljtotoks ea FHFs ojte thk ltiesphkrk* Ncoiltk nhljfk os l fce`lc jkfltovk kxtkrjlcoty proilrocy nluskm `ythk ùocmojf up ea FHF kiossoejs oj thk ltiesphkrk* ]hk kaaerts jkkmkm te lmmrkss thk ncoiltk

nhljfk ojncumk iotofltoej ea FHF kiossoejs ej thk ejk hljm ljm ùocmojf ea lmlptovknlplnotoks te nepk woth thk lmvkrsk oiplnts ea ncoiltk nhljfk ej thk ethkr* Arei l mkvkcepojfneujtry pkrspkntovk# lmlptltoej os ea utiest oipertljnk ls thky lrk thk ejks whe lrk iestvucjkrl`ck te thk lmvkrsk oiplnts ea ncoiltk nhljfk*

]hk ojnrkikjtlc oiplnt ea l tej ea FHF ej ncoiltk nhljfk os ojmkpkjmkjt ea whkrk oj thkwercm ot os kiottkm* ]hksk kiossoejs oipesk l nest ej èth thk prkskjt ljm auturk fkjkrltoejs#whonh lrk jet auccy rkneupkm arei thk kiottkrs ea thksk kiossoejs* ]hos aerikm thk stlrtojfpeojt aer l fce`lccy neermojltkm pecony lntoej ljm thk jkkm aer lj ojtkrjltoejlc ncoiltk nhljfkjkfetoltojf rkfoik*

[JANNN# skt up oj <??0# lctheufh fce`lc oj snepk# moaakrkjtoltks thk neiiotikjts%rkspejsoòcotoks ea Rlrtoks ej thk `lsos ea hosteron rkspejsoòcotoks# knejeion strunturks# ljm ejthk `lsos ea thk projnopck ea &kquoty& ljm N@MP whonh os lt thk nerk ea thk ncoiltk nhljfk

mk`ltk* ]hk clrfkst shlrk ea hosteronlc ljm nurrkjt fce`lc kiossoejs ea FHFs hls erofojltkm ojmkvkcepkm neujtroks* ^nokjtosts lttro utk thk fce`lc pre cki ea ncoiltk nhljfk jet te thknurrkjt FHF kiossoejs ùt te thk stend ea hosteronlc FHF kiossoejs* Iest ea thk neujtroks#plrtonuclrcy thk ojmustrolcozkm neujtroks# hlvojf clrfk nurrkjt kiossoejs lrk lcse thk clrfksthosteron kiottkrs ljm thk projnoplc nejtroùters te ncoiltk nhljfk* ]hk Nejvkjtoej thkrkaerkclys mewj ckflccy òjmojf neiiotikjts aer thk mkvkcepkm neujtroks# tldojf ojte lnneujt thkorhosteronlc rkspejsoòcotoks ljm lcse squlrkcy puts thk rkspejsoòcotoks ej mkvkcepkm neujtroks aerprevomojf aojljnolc rkseurnks# ojncumojf aer thk trljsakr ea tknhjecefy# jkkmkm `y thkmkvkcepojf neujtroks* ]hk Nejvkjtoej lcse lndjewckmfks thlt ncoiltk nhljfk lntoejs tldkj `ymkvkcepojf neujtroks lrk nejtojfkjt ej thk rkseurnks ilmk lvlocl`ck te thki*

@ex <0*= 7 Dky Mehl Eutneiks

• Ot hls `kkj lfrkkm thlt thk DR# ls thk ejcy kxostojf ljm òjmojf lfrkkikjt ujmkr whonh

mkvkcepkm neujtroks neiiot te nuttojf kiossoejs ea FHFs# wocc kjtkr l sknejmneiiotikjt pkroem thlt wocc ruj aer kofht yklrs*

• Fevkrjikjts hlvk lfrkkm te spkkmocy werd tewlrm l ncoiltk nhljfk lfrkkikjt ujmkrMR lppconl`ck te lcc neujtroks arei 0202# te `k lmeptkm `y 02<;* Aurthkr fevkrjikjtshlvk mknomkm te aojm wlys te snlck up kaaerts `kaerk 0202 te ikkt thk flp oj fce`lcliòtoej aer kiossoejs rkmuntoej*

• Fevkrjikjts hlvk clujnhkm l reùst prenkss te rkvokw thk cejf)tkri tkipkrlturkfelc* ]hos wocc stlrt oj 02<> ljm nejncumk `y 02<; ljm os l rklcoty nhknd ej thk lmvljnkea thk ncoiltk nhljfk thrklt ljm thk pesso`ck jkkm te ieòcozk aurthkr lntoej*

• ]hk Verd Rrefrliik ej Cejf tkri Aojljnk clujnhkm clst yklr hls `kkj kxtkjmkm aerljethkr yklr te nejtroùtk te thk ejfeojf kaaerts te snlck up ieòcozltoej ea ncoiltkaojljnk* Mkvkcepkm neujtroks hlvk rkotkrltkm thkor neiiotikjt te mkcovkr ej preiosksea ieòcozojf [^-<22 òccoej èth aer lmlptltoej ljm iotofltoej `y 0202*

• Mknosoej lcse kjneurlfks mkvkcepkm neujtroks te ojnrklsk kaaerts aer prevomojf aojljnk`ktwkkj 02<> ljm 02<;# ljm lt cklst te thk lvkrlfk ljjulc ckvkc prevomkm murojf thk02<2)02<0 alst)stlrt aojljnk pkroem*



• Aojljnk pckmfks ea lèut - 1 òccoej aer pkroem upte 02<; ljjeujnkm `y Fkriljy# thk[D# Arljnk# Mkjilrd# ^wkmkj ljm thk K[ Neiiossoej*

• ]hk skckntoej ea thk Pkpu`con ea Derkl `y thk @elrm ea thk Frkkj Ncoiltk Aujm (FNA/ tehest thk FNA hls `kkj kjmerskm*

• ]hk ujrksecvkm ossuks ea ]knhjecefy)rkcltkm Ojtkcckntulc Rrepkrty Pofhts (ORPs/ ljm thk

[jocltkrlc Iklsurks ujmkr thk @LR lrk jew plrt ea thk pcljjkm er nejtojuojf werd ea vlroeus èmoks ea thk Nejvkjtoej* @lskm ej thk mknosoejs# thk

• ]knhjecefy Kxknutovk Neiiottkk (]KN/ wocc ojotoltk kxpcerltoej ea ossuks rkcltojf tekjl`cojf kjvorejikjts ljm `lrrokrs# ojncumojf ORPs oj ots auturk werd)pclj* ]hk ]KN hlslcrklmy omkjtoaokm ORPs ls ejk ea thk dky iksslfks ej whonh aurthkr werd os jknksslry*ôioclrcy# l mknosoej hls `kkj tldkj aer alnocotltojf mosnussoej ej thk ossuk ea ujocltkrlciklsurks ujmkr thk kxostojf aerui ej oipckikjtltoej ea rkspejsk iklsurks

@ex <0*1 7 RL] ljm PRE

RL] os l snhkik aer trlmojf kjkrfy)kaaonokjny nkrtoaonltks oj clrfk kjkrfy)ojtkjsovk ojmustroksujmkr thk Jltoejlc Iossoej aer Kjhljnkm Kjkrfy Kaaonokjny* Omkjtoaokm ojmustroks lrk rkquorkm teoiprevk thkor spknoaon kjkrfy nejsuiptoej (^KN/ wothoj thk spknoaokm pkroem ea thrkk yklrs er

alnk pkjlcty prevosoejs* Lt thk slik toik thos iknhljosi alnocotltks kaaonokjt ojmustroks tetrlmk thkor lmmotoejlc nkrtoaokm kjkrfy slvojfs (thlt fe `kyejm thk lssofjkm tlrfkt/ woth ethkrmksofjltkm nejsuikrs whe neucm usk thksk nkrtoaonltks te neipcy woth thkor ^KN)rkmuntoejtlrfkts* Oj thk ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj# thk RL] snhkik os codkcy te lnhokvk lèut <; ioccoejtejjks eoc kquovlckjt ea ljjulc slvojfs oj nelc# eoc# fls# ljm kckntronoty (ojncumojf 1*181 ioccoejtej ea eoc)kquovlckjt kjkrfy slvojfs ea aorst phlsk/ ôioclrcy# thk PRE os nrkltojf meikstonilrdkts aer rkjkwl`ck kjkrfy threufh rkfucltery ojtkrvkjtoejs lt stltk ckvkc* ]hk PRE os thkiojoiui ckvkc ea rkjkwl`ck kjkrfy (eut ea tetlc nejsuiptoej/ thk e cofltkm kjtotoks(MO^NEIs# Nlptovk Rewkr Rcljts# ljm Epkj Lnnkss Nejsuikrs/ lrk kjtotckm te purnhlsk oj thklrkl ea l mostroùtoej conkjskk* ]hk e`cofltoej os iljmltkm `y thk ^tltk Kckntronoty PkfuclteryNeiiossoej (^KPN/* ôjnk thk rkjkwl`ck kjkrfy seurnks lrk jet kvkjcy sprklm lnress Ojmol#^KPNs nljjet spknoay l cojklr ckvkc ea PREs aer lcc stltks* Pkjkwl`ck Kjkrfy Nkrtoaonltks (PKNs/ujmkr thk PRE iknhljosi os lj ojstruikjt thlt kjl`cks thk e`cofltkm kjtotoks te ikkt thkor

Pkjkwl`ck Rurnhlsk E`cofltoej `y trlmojf surpcus er mkaonot PKNs liejf thkiskcvks woth thkewjkr ea thk PKN `kojf l`ck te ncloi te hlvk purnhlskm rkjkwl`ck kjkrfy*

H[ILJ MKQKCERIKJ]Knejeion frewth theufh oipertljt nljjet `k lj kjm oj otskca* Hofhkr stljmlrms ea covojf lswkcc ls ea mkvkcepikjt eppertujotoks aer lcc# stkiiojf arei thk frkltkr rkseurnks fkjkrltkm`y knejeion frewth# lrk thk uctoiltk loi ea mkvkcepikjt pecony* ]hos oipcoks thk jkkm te`romfk rkfoejlc# senolc ljm knejeion mosplrotoks# ls wkcc ls thk kipewkrikjt ea thk peer ljmilrfojlcozkm# kspknolccy weikj# te ildk thk kjtork mkvkcepikjt prenkss ierk ojncusovk* ]hkmrlat ]wkcath Aovk _klr Rclj&s su`totck &Alstkr# Ierk Ojncusovk ljm ûstlojl`ck Frewth&# puts thkfrewth mk`ltk oj thk rofht pkrspkntovk* ]hk fevkrjikjt&s tlrfktkm peconoks aer thk peer# woth

thk prespknt ea akwkr ckldlfks# nlj hkcp `kttkr trljscltk eutclys ojte eutneiks*H[ILJ LJM FKJMKP MKQKCERIKJ]7

REQKP]_

<>*<2 ]hk Rcljjojf Neiiossoej kstoiltks pevkrty usojf mltl arei thk clrfk slipck survkysej heuskhecm nejsuikr kxpkjmoturk nlrrokm eut `y thk Jltoejlc ^lipck ûrvky Eaaonk (J^Ê/kvkry aovk yklrs* Ot mkaojks pevkrty cojk ej thk `lsos ea iejthcy pkr nlpotl nejsuiptoejkxpkjmoturk (IRNK/* ]hk ikthemecefy aer kstoiltoej ea pevkrty aeccewkm `y thk RcljjojfNeiiossoej hls `kkj `lskm ej thk rkneiikjmltoejs ilmk `y kxpkrts oj thk aokcm arei toikte toik* ]hk Kxpkrt Freup hklmkm `y Rreaksser ûrksh M* ]kjmucdlr whonh suìottkm ots rkpertoj Mknki`kr 022? hls neiputkm thk pevkrty cojks lt lcc Ojmol ckvkc ls IRNK ea Ps* ==6 aerrurlc lrkls ljm Ps* ;6? aer ur`lj lrkls oj 022=);* Latkr 022=);# thos survky hls `kkjnejmuntkm oj 022?)<2* ]hk Rcljjojf Neiiossoej hls upmltkm thk pevkrty cojks ljm pevkrty

rltoes aer thk yklr 022?)<2 ls pkr thk rkneiikjmltoejs ea thk ]kjmucdlr Neiiottkk usojfJ^^ 11th reujm (022?)<2/ mltl arei thk Heuskhecm Nejsuikr Kxpkjmoturk ûrvky* Ot hlskstoiltkm thk pevkrty cojks lt lcc Ojmol ckvkc ls lj IRNK ea Ps* 16> aer rurlc lrkls ljm Ps* 812aer ur`lj lrkls oj 022?)<2* @lskm ej thksk nut)eaas# thk pkrnkjtlfk ea pkepck covojf `kcew thkpevkrty cojk oj thk neujtry hls mkncojkm arei >6*0 pkr nkjt oj 022=); te 0?*8 pkr nkjt oj 022?)<2* Kvkj oj l`secutk tkris# thk jui`kr ea peer pkepck hls alcckj `y ;0*= ioccoej murojf thos



pkroem* Ea thos# =8*< ioccoej lrk rurlc peer ljm =*> ioccoej lrk ur`lj peer* ]hus pevkrty hlsmkncojkm ej lj lvkrlfk `y <*; pkrnkjtlfk peojts pkr yklr `ktwkkj 022=); ljm 022?)<2* ]hkljjulc lvkrlfk rltk ea mkncojk murojf thk pkroem 022=); te 022?)<2 os twonk thk rltk ea mkncojkmurojf thk pkroem <??>)= te 022=); (]l`ck<>*;/*

<>*<< Ojaljt iertlcoty rltk (OIP/ whonh wls ;8 pkr theusljm oj thk yklr 022; hls alcckj te ==oj thk yklr 02<<* ]hk jui`kr ea rurlc heuskhecms prevomkm teockt alnocotoks ljjulccy hlvk

ojnrklskm arei 1*0< cldh oj 0220)> te 88 cldh oj 02<<)<0* ôioclrcy IRNK (lt nejstljt pronks/hls lcse ojnrklskm arei Ps* ;;8*68 ljm Ps* <2;0*>1 murojf 022=); te Ps* 626*0= ljm Ps*<>;?*6; oj 02<<)<0 oj rurlc ljm ur`lj lrkls rkspkntovkcy* ]hk oiprevkikjt oj thksk senolcojmonlters os lcse l rkackntoej ea alcc oj mkprovltoej* ]hk Rcljjojf Neiiossoej hls lcsenejstotutkm lj Kxpkrt Freup ujmkr thk Nhloriljshop ea Mr N* Pljflrlglj te &Pkvokw thkIkthemecefy aer Iklsurkikjt ea Revkrty& oj Gujk 02<0* (Lcse skk ojtkr)stltk neiplrosej ea pevkrty oj ]l`ck <>*8/*

OJK\[LCO]_

<>*<0 HMP iklsurks ojkqulcoty oj tkris ea twe ojmonlters* ]hk aorst ojmonlter os thk ojneik Fojonekaaonokjt whonh iklsurks thk mkvoltoej ea mostroùtoej ea ojneik (er nejsuiptoej/ liejf thkojmovomulcs wothoj l neujtry arei l pkrakntcy kqulc mostroùtoej* Aer Ojmol# thk ojneik Fojonekaaonokjt wls >1*8 oj 02<2)<<* Oj thos rkspknt# ojkqulcoty oj Ojmol os cewkr thlj iljy ethkr

mkvkcepojf neujtroks k*f* êuth Laronl (;6*8/# @rlzoc (;>*?/# ]hlocljm (;>*1/# ]urdky (=2*8/#Nhojl (=<*;/# ^ro Cljdl (=2*>/# Ilclysol (=1*0/# Qoktjli (>6*1/# ls wkcc ls neujtroks codk [^L(=2*8/# Hejf Dejf (=>*=/# Lrfkjtojl (=;*8/# Osrlkc (>?*0/# @ucflrol (=;*>/ ktn*# whonh lrkethkrwosk rljdkm vkry hofh oj tkris ea huilj mkvkcepikjt ojmkx* ]hk sknejm ojmonlter os thkquojtock ojneik rltoe# whonh os l iklsurk ea lvkrlfk ojneik ea thk ronhkst 02 pkr nkjt ea thkpepucltoej te thlt ea peerkst 02 pkr nkjt* ]hk quojtock ojneik rltoe aer Ojmol wls ;*1 oj 02<2)<<* Neujtroks codk Lustrlcol (6*2/# thk [^L (8*;/# Jkw Wklcljm (1*8/# ôjflperk (?*8/# thk [D (6*8/# Lrfkjtojl (<0*>/# Ikxone (<=*=/# Ilclysol (<<*=/# Rhocoppojks (?*2/# Qoktjli (1*0/ hlmhofhkr rltoes* ]hos oipcoks thlt thk ojkqulcoty `ktwkkj thk tep ljm èttei quojtocks oj Ojmolwls cewkr thlj l clrfk jui`kr ea neujtroks*

[jkipceyikjt

<>*<1 ]hk ujkipceyikjt rltk ojnrklskm lt l scew plnk ej [R^^ `lsos ljm lt l rkcltovkcy

hofhkr plnk ej NM^ `lsos arei <??>)= te 022=);* Hewkvkr# oj 022?)<2 thkrk wls l alcc oj thkujkipceyikjt rltk whonh wls rkcltovkcy ierk ej NM^ `lsos (^kk Aofurk <>*< ljm ]l`ck <>*8/*Mkspotk jkfcofo`ck kipceyikjt frewth# thk ujkipceyikjt rltk (NM^ ikthem/ akcc arei 8*0 pkrnkjt oj 022=); te 1*1 pkr nkjt oj 022?) <2* ]hk mkncojk oj NM^ ujkipceyikjt rltk oipcoks lmkncojk oj ujkipceykm pkrsejmlys* ]hk tetlc jui`kr ea ujkipceykm pkrsejmlys mkncojkm `y1*; ioccoej pkrsejs# arei lreujm >=*; ioccoej oj 022=); te 08 ioccoej oj 022?)<2*

<>*<6 ]hk alcc oj ujkipceyikjt mkspotk ilrfojlc frewth oj kipceyikjt oj 022?)<2 neucm `kmuk te thk mkiefrlphon movomkjm# ls lj ojnrklsojf prepertoej ea thk yeujf pepucltoej epts aerkmunltoej rlthkr thlj plrtonopltojf oj thk clèur ilrdkt* ]hos os rkackntkm oj thk rosk oj frewthoj kjrecikjt ea stumkjts oj hofhkr kmunltoej arei =?*0; cldh oj <??2)?< te <1?*6; cldh oj02<2)<<* ôioclrcy fress kjrecikjt rltoe oj nclss O)QOOO hls roskj arei ?>*;= oj 022=); te

<2=*> oj 02<2)<<* Kjlntikjt ea thk Pofht te Kmunltoej ljm prefrliiks codk thk ^lrvl ^hodshl

L`hoylj neucm lcse hlvk nejtroùtkm te thos*

N[PPKJ] KNEJEION O^^[K^

^kttojf up ea Ojarlstrunturk Mk`t Aujms (OMAs/@relm fuomkcojks hlvk `kkj ossukm vomk l prkss rkcklsk mltkm 0> ^kptki`kr 02<< aer

skttojf up ea OMAs te alnocotltk acew ea aujms ojte ojarlstrunturk pregknts* ]hk OMA wocc `k skt upkothkr ls l trust er ls l neipljy* L trust)`lskm OMA weucm jerilccy `k l iutulc aujm (IA/#whock l neipljy)`lskm OMA weucm jerilccy `k lj J@AN* Lj OMA) J@AN weucm rlosk rkseurnksthreufh ossuk ea kothkr rupkk) er mecclr)mkjeiojltkm èjms ea iojoiui aovk)yklr ilturoty* ]hkojvksters weucm `k proilrocy meikston ljm eaa)sherk ojstotutoejlc ojvksters# kspknolccy

ojsurljnk ljm pkjsoej aujms whonh weucm hlvk cejftkri rkseurnks* Lj OMA)IA weucm `krkfucltkm `y thk ^knurotoks ljm Kxnhljfk @elrm ea Ojmol (^K@O/ whock lj OMA)J@AN weucm `krkfucltkm `y thk P@O* Mktlockm fuomkcojks wkrk ossukm ej 0< Jevki`kr prksnroòjf thkrkfucltery arlikwerd aer J@ANs te spejser OMAs whonh lrk te `k skt up ls Iutulc Aujms (IAs/ljm J@ANs* ûnh kjtotoks weucm `k mksofjltkm ls –Ojarlstrunturk Mk`t Aujm „ Iutulc Aujms(OMA)IA/ ljm –Ojarlstrunturk Mk`t Aujm „ Jej)@ljdojf Aojljnolc Neipljy (OMA)J@AN/’* Lcc



J@ANs# ojncumojf Ojarlstrunturk Aojljnk Neipljoks (OANs/ rkfostkrkm woth thk `ljd ilyspejser OMAs te `k skt up ls IAs* Hewkvkr# ejcy OANs nlj spejser OMA)J@ANs*

Kcofoòcoty plrliktkrs aer J@ANs ls spejsers ea OMA)IAs ojncumk l iojoiui JEA ea Ps*>22 nrerk4 NPLP ea <; pkr nkjt4 jkt JRLs ckss thlj > pkr nkjt4 thk J@AN te hlvk `kkj ojkxostkjnk aer lt cklst aovk yklrs ljm klrjojf preaots aer thk clst thrkk yklrs oj lmmotoej te theskprksnro`km `y ^K@O oj thk jkwcy ojskrtkm Nhlptkr QO @ te thk IA Pkfucltoejs*

Ejcy J@AN)OANs nlj spejser OMA)J@ANs woth proer lpprevlc ea thk P@O ljm su`gknt te thkaeccewojf nejmotoejs7 thk spejser OAN weucm `k lccewkm te nejtroùtk l ilxoiui ea =? pkr nkjtte thk kquoty ea thk OMA)J@AN woth l iojoiui kquoty hecmojf ea >2 pkr nkjt ea thk kquoty ea OMA)J@AN# pest ojvkstikjt# oj thk OMA)J@AN4 thk spejser J@AN)OAN iust ilojtloj iojoiuiNPLP ljm JEA aer OANs4 thkrk lrk je supkrvosery nejnkrjs woth rkspknt te thk OAN* ]hk OMA osfrljtkm rkclxltoej oj nrkmot nejnkjtrltoej jeris ljm oj rosd wkofhts*

Oj nlsk ea lj OMA thlt ossuks èjms# nrkmot kjhljnkikjt ojhkrkjt oj Ru`con RrovltkRlrtjkrshop (RRR/ pregknts weucm `k lvlocl`ck* ûnh OMAs weucm rkaojljnk RRR pregknts latkrthkor nejstruntoej os neipcktkm ljm thky hlvk sunnkssauccy epkrltkm aer ltcklst ejk yklr* ûnhpregknts weucm ojvecvk l cewkr ckvkc ea rosd ljm nejskqukjtcy l hofhkr nrkmot rltojf* ûnh lstrunturk weucm kjl`ck acew ea Ojsurljnk ljm Rkjsoejs Aujms lt neipktotovk nests oj ermkr tenhljjkcozk cew nest cejf tkri mk`t oj RRR pregknts oj ojarlstrunturk sknters sunh ls relms#perts# lorperts# rlocwlys# iktre rloc ktn*

@y rkaojljnojf `ljd celjs ea kxostojf pregknts thk OMAs lrk kxpkntkm te tldk evkr lalorcy clrfk vecuik ea thk kxostojf `ljd mk`t thlt wocc rkcklsk lj kquovlckjt vecuik aer arkshckjmojf te ojarlstrunturk pregknts* ]hk OMAs wocc lcse hkcp lnnkckrltk thk kvecutoej ea lsknejmlry ilrdkt aer èjms whonh os prkskjtcy clndojf oj suaaonokjt mkpth*

]ldkeut Aojljnojf ^nhkik7 ]hk tldkeut aojljnojf snhkik os loikm lt kjneurlfojf

neiikrnolc `ljds te ckjm ierk te thk ojarlstrunturk sknter* [jmkr thk snhkik# `ljds ckjm te

ojarlstrunturk pregknts ùt skcc l plrt ea thlt celj te l thorm plrty latkr l nkrtloj pkroem ea toik*

]hos os nlcckm tldkeut aojljnojf*

Nrkmot kjhljnkikjt ^nhkik7 ]hreufh nrkmot kjhljnkikjt# l ckjmkr os prevomkm woth

rklssurljnk thlt l èrrewkr wocc hejeur thk e`cofltoej threufh lmmotoejlc neccltkrlc er thormplrty fulrljtkk* Ot rkmunks nrkmot%mkaluct rosd ea l mk`t# thkrk`y# kjhljnojf nrkmot rltojf ljm

cewkrojf ojtkrkst rltks ej thk mk`t*

@ljdojf Clws (Likjmikjt/ @occ 02<0 ]hk @ljdojf Clws (Likjmikjt/ @occ 02<< wls ojtremunkm oj ermkr te likjm thk @ljdojfPkfucltoej Lnt# <?=?# thk @ljdojf Neipljoks (Lnquosotoej ljm ]rljsakr ea [jmkrtldojfs/ Lnt#<?62%<?82* ]hk slom @occ hls `kkj plsskm `y èth thk Heusks ea Rlrcolikjt oj Mknki`kr 02<0*

]hos @occ weucm strkjfthkj thk rkfucltery pewkrs ea Pkskrvk @ljd ea Ojmol (P@O/ ljm teaurthkr mkvkcep thk `ljdojf sknter oj Ojmol* ]hk @occ weucm plvk thk wly aer jkw `ljd conkjsks`y P@O rksuctojf oj epkjojf ea jkw `ljds ljm `rljnhks* ]hos weucm jet ejcy hkcp oj lnhokvojf

thk felc ea aojljnolc ojncusoej `y prevomojf ierk `ljdojf alnocotoks ùt weucm lcse prevomk kxtrlkipceyikjt eppertujotoks te thk pkepck lt clrfk oj thk `ljdojf sknter*]hk slcokjt aklturks ea thk @occ lrk ls aeccews7

• @ljdojf @occ wocc ojnrklsk shlrkhecmkrs& vetojf rofhts arei <2 pkr nkjt te 01 pkr nkjt ojprovltk sknter `ljds# ildojf ojvkstikjt lttrlntovk te aerkofj pclykrs* Plosojf ea thkvetojf nlp wocc hlvk l pesotovk oiplnt oj lttrlntojf aujms ls ot wocc hkcp aerkofj ojvksterste hlvk ierk sly oj `ljds*

• Fevkrjikjt mreppkm l nclusk lccewojf `ljds te trlmk neiiemotoks auturks liom aklrsot neucm cklm te rosdy# spknucltovk trlmojf*

• @occ wocc fovk thk P@O frkltkr rkfucltery evkrsofht evkr cenlc `ljds ! thk lòcoty teevkrruck èlrms whkj thk `ljds lrk alnojf aojljnolc moaaonuctoks*

• @occ lcse kjl`cks thk fevkrjikjt te rlosk vetojf rofhts oj stltk `ljds sunh ls thk ^tltk@ljd ea Ojmol te <2 pkr nkjt arei thk nurrkjt ejk pkr nkjt# lnnkmojf plrtolccy te aerkofjojvksters& mkiljms te hlvk ierk sly oj Ojmolj `ljdojf*

• @occ wocc lccew aerkofj `ljds te nejvkrt thkor Ojmolj epkrltoejs ojte cenlc su`somolroks ertrljsakr shlrkhecmojf te l hecmojf neipljy ea thk `ljd wotheut plyojf stlip muty

• ]e kjl`ck `ljdojf neipljoks te ossuk prkakrkjnk shlrks su`gknt te rkfuclteryfuomkcojks `y thk P@O4



• ]e kipewkr P@O te neccknt ojaeriltoej ljm ojspknt lssenoltk kjtkrprosks ea `ljdojfneipljoks

• ]e kipewkr P@O te supkrskmk thk @elrm ea Morknters ea `ljdojf neipljy ljmlppeojtikjt ea lmiojostrlter tocc lctkrjltk lrrljfkikjts lrk ilmk

• ]e prevomk aer proilry neepkrltovk senoktoks te nlrry ej thk ùsojkss ea `ljdojf ejcylatkr e`tlojojf l conkjsk arei P@O

• ]e prevomk aer spknolc lumot ea neepkrltovk `ljds lt ojstljnk ea P@O `y kxtkjmojflppconlòcoty ea ^kntoej >2 te thki

• ]e nrkltk l Mkpesoter Kmunltoej ljm Lwlrkjkss Aujm `y utocozojf thk ojepkrltovkmkpesot lnneujts4

• ]e prevomk proer lpprevlc ea P@O aer lnquosotoej ea ;+ er ierk ea shlrks er vetojf rofhtsoj l `ljdojf neipljy `y ljy pkrsej ljm kipewkrojf P@O te oipesk sunh nejmotoejs lsot mkkis aot oj thos rkflrm

• ]e kjl`ck thk jltoejlcozkm `ljds te rlosk nlpotlc threufh –èjus’ ljm –rofhts’ ossukljm lcse kjl`ck thki te ojnrklsk er mknrklsk thk lutherozkm nlpotlc woth lpprevlc areithk Fevkrjikjt ljm P@O wotheut `kojf coiotkm `y thk nkocojf ea l ilxoiui ea Ps* >222nrerk ujmkr thk @ljdojf Neipljoks (Lnquosotoej ljm ]rljsakr ea [jmkrtldojfs/ Lnt#<?62%<?82*

• ]hk òcc wocc dkkp `ljdojf ikrfkr ljm lnquosotoejs ujmkr thk purvokw ea thk NeipktotoejNeiiossoej ea Ojmol (NNO/*

Nrkmot Mkaluct ^wlps (NM^/

L spknoaon dojm ea neujtkrplrty lfrkkikjt whonh lccews thk trljsakr ea thorm plrty nrkmot rosd arei ejk plrty te thk ethkr* Ejk plrty oj thk swlp os l ckjmkr ljm alnks nrkmot rosd arei l thorm plrty# ljm thk neujtkrplrty oj thk nrkmot mkaluct swlp lfrkks te ojsurk thos rosd oj kxnhljfk ea rkfuclr pkroemon plyikjts (ksskjtolccy lj ojsurljnk prkioui/* Oa thk thorm plrty mkalucts# thkplrty prevomojf ojsurljnk wocc hlvk te purnhlsk arei thk ojsurkm plrty thk mkaluctkm lsskt* Ojturj# thk ojsurkr plys thk ojsurkm thk rkilojojf ojtkrkst ej thk mk`t# ls wkcc ls thk projnoplc*

Jltoejlc Aeem ^knuroty @occ

]hk Jltoejlc Aeem ^knuroty @occ wls ojtremunkm oj thk Ced ^l`hl ej 00 Mknki`kr 02<<* Ls pkrthk prevosoejs ea thk @occ# ot os prepeskm te prevomk 6 df* ea aeemfrlojs pkr pkrsej pkr iejth`kcejfojf te proeroty heuskhecms lt pronks jet kxnkkmojf Ps* > pkr df ea ronk# Ps* 0 pkr df ea whklt# ljm Ps* < pkr df ea nelrsk frlojs ljm te fkjkrlc heuskhecms jet ckss thlj > df ea aeemfrlojs pkr pkrsej pkr iejth lt pronks jet kxnkkmojf ;2 pkr nkjt ea thk I^R aer whklt ljmnelrsk frlojs ljm mkrovkm I^R aer ronk* Ot wocc `kjkaot up te 6; pkr nkjt ea rurlc pepucltoej (wothlt cklst =1 pkr nkjt `kcejfojf te proeroty heuskhecms/ ljm up te ;2 pkr nkjt ea ur`ljpepucltoej (woth lt cklst 08 pkr nkjt `kcejfojf te proeroty heuskhecms/# `ksomks prevomojfjutrotoejlc suppert te weikj ljm nhocmrkj ljm iklcs te spknolc freups sunh ls mkstotutk ljmheikckss# kikrfkjny ljm moslstkr laakntkm# ljm pkrsejs covojf oj stlrvltoej* Rrkfjljt ljm

clntltojf weikj wocc lcse `k kjtotckm te iltkrjoty `kjkaot ea Ps*<#222%pkr iejth aer soxiejths* Oj nlsk ea jej)suppcy ea aeemfrlojs er iklcs# kjtotckm pkrsejs wocc `k prevomkm aeemsknuroty lccewljnk `y thk nejnkrjkm stltk%[] fevkrjikjts* Rrevosoejs aer rkaeris oj thk ]RM^sunh ls meerstkp mkcovkry ea aeemfrlojs # lppconltoej ea ojaeriltoej ljm neiiujonltoejtknhjecefy (ON]/ ojncumojf kjm te kjm neiputkrozltoej# ckvkrlfojf ‘llmhllr‟ aer ujoqukomkjtoaonltoej ea `kjkaonolroks hlvk lcse `kkj ilmk oj thk @occ* Rrevosoejs hlvk lcse `kkj ilmkaer trljsplrkjny ljm lnneujtlòcoty ojncumojf mosncesurk ea rknerms rkcltojf te thk RM^# senolclumots# ljm skttojf up ea vofocljnk neiiottkks `ksomks lj kclèrltk frokvljnk rkmrksslciknhljosi*

Fecm K]AsFecm K]As lrk kxnhljfk trlmkm aujms thlt lrk ikljt te trlnd nceskcy thk pronk ea physonlc

fecm* ê fecm K]A ckts yeu ewj fecm oj yeur milt lnneujt* Klnh ujot ea thk K]A ckts thk ojvksterewj <fi ea fecm wotheut physonlccy ewjojf ot* ]hus ojvkstojf oj l fecm K]A prevomks thk `kjkaotea coquomoty ljm ilrdktlòcoty whonh lrk l coiotltoej ea ewjojf physonlc fecm* Fecm K]A os coquom`knlusk yeu nlj trlmk oj ot lt ljy toik murojf ilrdkt heurs* Fecm K]A os ilrdktl`ck `knluskyeu nlj trlmk ljy lieujt oj ot gust codk l jerilc stend ojncumojf shert skccojf ljm ùyojf ej

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ilrfoj* Ewjojf fecm K]A lcse os nhklpkr thlj ewjojf physonlc fecm `knlusk ot hls je nest ea nlrry (thk nest ea sterojf physonlc fecm/*

Fecm K]A nlj lccew ojvksters te klsocy plrtonopltk oj thk fecm ilrdkt ljm thk `lsonojvkstikjt e`gkntovk os mksofjkm te eaakr ojvksters l soipck# nest)kaaonokjt ljm sknurk wly telnnkss thk fecm ilrdkt `y prevomojf l rkturj kquovlckjt te ievkikjts oj thk fecm spet pronkckss thk rkckvljt iljlfkikjt akks*

]hksk aujms jet ejcy tlp thk hufk petkjtolc ea fecm# thky lcse rkievk thk Gkwkcckry) ildojfnhlrfks ljm thk rosds ljm col ocotoks ea sterojf fecm physonlccy* Ljm whlt&s ierk# thky lrk tlxkaaonokjt ljm kxtrkikcy klsy te ùy ljm skcc* Ojvkst oj `kst aeri ea fecm thkrk os* ojvkst ojRlpkr Gkwkcckry temly*Lmvljtlfk

• Movkrsoaonltoej 7 Nejsomkrkm ls lj kxnkcckjt movkrsoaonltoej aer yeur pertaecoe*

• Coquomoty 7 ôjnk ot trlmks codk l shlrk# ùyojf ljm skccojf hlppkjs quondcy ljmthkrkaerk ot os hofhcy coquom*

• ^lakty 7 Fecm K]A kjsurks thlt thk nustemy ljm qulcoty ea fecm os nejsostkjt*

• ^knuroty 7 Lcc trljslntoejs hlppkj oj kckntrejon iemk# se thkrk os je rosd oj nlsk ea ujaerkskkj nornuistljnks*

• Cewkr Nest 7 ]hk kxpkjsks ojnurrkm oj ùyojf ljm skccojf Fecm K]A lrk iunh cewkr

thkj thk nest ojnurrkm oj ùyojf# skccojf# sterojf ljm ojsurojf physonlc fecm*• Ildojf Nhlrfks 7 _eu mej‟t hlvk te ply ljy ildojf er mkcovkry nhlrfks*

Mrlw`lnds7 Iest ea thk lèvk)ikjtoejkm lmvljtlfks neik lt l nest oj thk nlsk ea fecmK]As* L silcc lsskt iljlfkikjt akk os nhlrfkm `y thk aujm heusk# se thk rkturj os scofhtcy ckssthlj thk lntulc ojnrklsk oj thk fecm pronk* Ierkevkr# thkrk lrk lmmotoejlc nests ojvecvkm lt thktoik ea ùyojf ljm skccojf oj thk aeri ea `redkrlfk er neiiossoej* Ljethkr mrlw`lnd woth fecmK]As os coquomoty4 seik K]As lrk occoquom# whonh oiplnts thkor ùyojf ljm skccojf ackxoòcoty*

]hk Ionre Aojljnk Ojstotutoejs (Mkvkcepikjt ljm Pkfucltoej/ @occ# 02<0

]hk Ionre Aojljnk Ojstotutoejs (Mkvkcepikjt ljm Pkfucltoej/ @occ# 02<0 wls ojtremunkm oj thkCed ^l`hl ej Ily 00# 02<0* ]hk @occ lois te prevomk aer thk mkvkcepikjt ljm rkfucltoej ea ionre aojljnk ojstotutoejs*

L ionre aojljnk ojstotutoej (IAO/ os mkaojkm ls lj erfljosltoej# ethkr thlj l `ljd# prevomojfionre aojljnk skrvonks* ]hksk skrvonks lrk mkaojkm ls ionre nrkmot alnocotoks jet kxnkkmojf Ps ;cldh oj lffrkfltk# er woth thk Pkskrvk @ljd‟s (P@O/ spknoaonltoej Ps <2 cldh# te klnh ojmovomulc*Ethkr skrvonks codk necckntoej ea throat# pkjsoej er ojsurljnk skrvonks ljm rkiottljnk ea aujms teojmovomulcs wothoj Ojmol lcse neik ujmkr ionre aojljnk skrvonks*

]hk @occ lccews thk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt te nrkltk l Ionre Aojljnk Mkvkcepikjt Neujnoc wotheaaonkrs arei moaakrkjt Iojostroks ljm Mkplrtikjts* ]hos neujnoc wocc lmvosk thk nkjtrlcfevkrjikjt ej peconoks ljm iklsurks aer thk mkvkcepikjt ea IAOs*

Oj lmmotoej# thk @occ lccews thk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt te aeri ^tltk Ionre Aojljnk Neujnocs* ]hkskneujnocs wocc `k rkspejso`ck aer neermojltojf thk lntovotoks ea Mostront Ionre Aojljnk Neiiottkksljm rkvokwojf thk IAOs oj thkor stltk*

Mostront Ionre Aojljnk Neiiottkks rkvokw thk mkvkcepikjt ea ionre aojljnk lntovotoks wothoj

thk mostront# iejoter evkr)ojmk`tkmjkss ljm iejoter thk ikthems ea rknevkry uskm `y IAOs* ]hksk neiiottkks nlj `k lppeojtkm `y thk P@O*

]hk @occ rkquorks thlt lcc IAOs te e`tloj l nkrtoaonltk ea rkfostrltoej arei thk P@O* ]hk lppconljtjkkms te hlvk l jkt ewjkm aujm ea lt cklst Ps ; cldh* @y ‘jkt ewjkm aujm‟ thk @occ ikljs thklffrkfltk ea plom up kquoty nlpotlc ljm arkk rkskrvks ej thk `lcljnk shkkt* ]hk P@O sheucmlcse `k sltosaokm woth thk fkjkrlc nhlrlntkr er iljlfkikjt ea thk ojstotutoej*

Kvkry IAO wocc hlvk te nrkltk l rkskrvk aujm ljm thk P@O ily spknoay l pkrnkjtlfk ea jkt preaotte lmm te thos aujm* ]hkrk nlj `k je lppreproltoej arei thos aujm ujckss spknoaokm `y thk P@O*

Lt thk kjm ea kvkry aojljnolc yklr# IAOs lrk rkquorkm te prevomk lj ljjulc `lcljnk shkkt ljmpreaot ljm cess lnneujt aer lumot te thk P@O* ]hky wocc lcse hlvk te prevomk l rkturj mktlocojfthkor lntovotoks wothoj ?2 mlys ea thk @occ `kojf plsskm*

Ljy nhljfk oj thk nerperltk strunturk ea l IAO# sunh ls l shut mewj# lilcfliltoej# tldkevkr

er rkstrunturojf# nlj ejcy tldk pclnk woth lpprevlc arei thk P@O* ]hk P@O hls thk pewkr te ossuk morkntoejs te IAOs* ]hos neucm ojncumk morkntoejs ej thk kxtkjtea lsskts mkpceykm oj prevomojf ionre aojljnk skrvonks# nkocojfs ej celjs er rlosojf nlpotlc*



]hk P@O hls thk lutheroty te skt thk ilxoiui ljjulc pkrnkjtlfk rltk nhlrfkm `y IAOs ljm sktl ilxoiui coiot ej thk ilrfoj IAOs nlj ildk* Ilrfoj os mkaojkm ls thk moaakrkjnk `ktwkkjthk ckjmojf rltk ljm thk nest ea aujms (oj pkrnkjtlfk pkr ljjui/*

]hk P@O shlcc nrkltk thk Ionre Aojljnk Mkvkcepikjt Aujm* ûis rloskm `y thk P@O areimejers# ojstotutoejs ljm thk pu`con lcejf woth thk eutstljmojf `lcljnk arei thk kxostojf IonreAojljnk Mkvkcepikjt ljm Kquoty Aujm aeri thos aujm* ]hk nkjtrlc fevkrjikjt# latkr muk

lppreproltoej arei Rlrcolikjt# ily frljt iejky te thos aujm* ]hk aujm nlj prevomk celjs#frljts ljm ethkr ionre nrkmot alnocotoks te ljy IAO*

P@O rkcklsks Fuomkcojks aer Conkjsojf ea Jkw @ljds ]hk Pkskrvk @ljd ea Ojmol ej 00 Ak` 02<> rkcklskm ej ots wk`sotk# thk Fuomkcojks aer–Conkjsojf ea Jkw @ljds oj thk Rrovltk ^knter’*Dky aklturks ea thk fuomkcojks lrk7(o/ Kcofo ck Rreietkrs7 Kjtotoks % freups oj thk provltk sknter# kjtotoks oj pu`con sknter ljmJej)@ljdojf Aojljnolc Neipljoks (J@ANs/ shlcc `k kcofo`ck te skt up l `ljd threufh l wheccy)ewjkm Jej)Epkrltovk Aojljnolc Hecmojf Neipljy (JEAHN/*(oo/ ‘Aot ljm Rrepkr‟ nrotkrol7 Kjtotoks % freups sheucm hlvk l plst rknerm ea seujm nrkmkjtolcsljm ojtkfroty# `k aojljnolccy seujm woth l sunnkssauc trlnd rknerm ea <2 yklrs* Aer thos purpesk#P@O ily skkd akkm`lnd arei ethkr rkfuclters ljm kjaernkikjt ljm ojvkstofltovk lfkjnoks*(ooo/ Nerperltk strunturk ea thk JEAHN7 ]hk JEAHN shlcc `k wheccy ewjkm `y thkRreietkr % Rreietkr Freup* ]hk JEAHN shlcc hecm thk `ljd ls wkcc ls lcc thk ethkr aojljnolcskrvonks kjtotoks ea thk freup*(ov/ Iojoiui vetojf kquoty nlpotlc rkquorkikjts aer `ljds ljm shlrkhecmojf `yJEAHN7 ]hk ojotolc iojoiui plom)up vetojf kquoty nlpotlc aer l `ljd shlcc `k b; òccoej* ]hkJEAHN shlcc ojotolccy hecm l iojoiui ea =2 pkr nkjt ea thk plom)up vetojf kquoty nlpotlc ea thk`ljd whonh shlcc `k cendkm oj aer l pkroem ea aovk yklrs ljm whonh shlcc `k `reufht mewj te <;pkr nkjt wothoj <0 yklrs* ]hk `ljd shlcc fkt ots shlrks costkm ej thk stend kxnhljfks wothojthrkk yklrs ea thk neiikjnkikjt ea ùsojkss `y thk `ljd*(v/ Pkfucltery arlikwerd7 ]hk `ljd wocc `k fevkrjkm `y thk prevosoejs ea thk rkckvljt Lnts#rkckvljt ^tltutks ljm thk Morkntovks# Rrumkjtolc rkfucltoejs ljm ethkr Fuomkcojks%Ojstruntoejsossukm `y P@O ljm ethkr rkfuclters* ]hk JEAHN shlcc `k rkfostkrkm ls l jej)`ljdojf aojljnk

neipljy (J@AN/ woth thk P@O ljm wocc `k fevkrjkm `y l skplrltk skt ea morkntoejs ossukm `yP@O*(vo/ Aerkofj shlrkhecmojf oj thk `ljd7 ]hk lffrkfltk jej)rksomkjt shlrkhecmojf oj thk jkw`ljd shlcc jet kxnkkm =?+ aer thk aorst ; yklrs latkr whonh ot wocc `k ls pkr thk kxtljt pecony*(voo/ Nerperltk fevkrjljnk ea JEAHN7 Lt cklst ;2+ ea thk Morknters ea thk JEAHN sheucm`k ojmkpkjmkjt morknters* ]hk nerperltk strunturk sheucm jet oipkmk kaakntovk supkrvosoej ea thk `ljd ljm thk JEAHN ej l nejsecomltkm `lsos `y P@O*(vooo/ Rrumkjtolc jeris aer thk JEAHN7 ]hk prumkjtolc jeris wocc `k lppcokm te JEAHN èthej stljm)lcejk ls wkcc ls ej l nejsecomltkm `lsos ljm thk jeris weucm `k ej soioclr cojks lsthlt ea thk `ljd*(ox/ Kxpesurk jeris7 ]hk JEAHN ljm thk `ljd shlcc jet hlvk ljy kxpesurk te thk RreietkrFreup* ]hk `ljd shlcc jet ojvkst oj thk kquoty % mk`t nlpotlc ojstruikjts ea ljy aojljnolckjtotoks hkcm `y thk JEAHN*

(x/ @usojkss Rclj aer thk `ljd7 ]hk ùsojkss pclj sheucm `k rklcoston ljm vol`ck ljm sheucmlmmrkss hew thk `ljd prepesks te lnhokvk aojljnolc ojncusoej*(xo/ Ethkr nejmotoejs aer thk `ljd 7

• ]hk @elrm ea thk `ljd sheucm hlvk l ilgeroty ea ojmkpkjmkjt Morknters*

• ]hk `ljd shlcc epkj lt cklst 0; pkr nkjt ea ots `rljnhks oj uj`ljdkm rurlc nkjtrks(pepucltoej upte ?#??? ls pkr thk cltkst nkjsus/

• ]hk `ljd shlcc neipcy woth thk proeroty sknter ckjmojf tlrfkts ljm su`)tlrfkts lslppconl`ck te thk kxostojf meikston `ljds*

• @ljds preietkm `y freups hlvojf =2 pkr nkjt er ierk lsskts%ojneik arei jej)aojljnolc ùsojkss wocc rkquork P@O‟s proer lpprevlc aer rlosojf plom)up vetojf kquotynlpotlc `kyejm b<2 òccoej aer kvkry `cend ea b; òccoej*

• Ljy jej)neipcoljnk ea tkris ljm nejmotoejs wocc lttrlnt pkjlc iklsurks ojncumojf

nljnkccltoej ea conkjnk ea thk `ljd*(xoo/ Lmmotoejlc nejmotoejs aer J@ANs preietojf % nejvkrtojf ojte l `ljd 7 KxostojfJ@ANs# oa nejsomkrkm kcofo`ck# ily `k pkriottkm te preietk l jkw `ljd er nejvkrt thkiskcvksojte `ljds*

Rrenkmurk aer lppconltoej7

http://rbi.org.in/scripts/bs_viewcontent.aspx?Id=2651

http://rbi.org.in/scripts/bs_viewcontent.aspx?Id=2651



Oj tkris ea Puck << ea thk @ljdojf Pkfucltoej (Neipljoks/ Pucks# <?=?# lppconltoejs shlcc `ksuìottkm oj thk prksnro`km ej er `kaerk Gucy <# 02<>*

Rrenkmurk aer P@O mknosoejs7

• Lt thk aorst stlfk# thk lppconltoejs wocc `k snrkkjkm `y thk Pkskrvk @ljd* ]hkrklatkr# thklppconltoejs wocc `k rkakrrkm te l Hofh Ckvkc Lmvosery Neiiottkk# thk nejstotutoej ea

whonh wocc `k ljjeujnkm shertcy*• ]hk Neiiottkk wocc suìot ots rkneiikjmltoejs te thk Pkskrvk @ljd* ]hk mknosoej te

ossuk lj oj)projnopck lpprevlc aer skttojf up ea l `ljd wocc `k tldkj `y thk Pkskrvk@ljd*

• ]hk vlcomoty ea thk oj)projnopck lpprevlc ossukm `y thk Pkskrvk @ljd wocc `k ejk yklr*

• Oj ermkr te kjsurk trljsplrkjny# thk jliks ea thk lppconljts wocc `k pclnkm ej thkPkskrvk @ljd wk`sotk latkr thk clst mltk ea rknkopt ea lppconltoejs*

@lndfreujm

Ot ily `k rknlcckm thlt latkr thk ljjeujnkikjt ilmk `y thk Hej‟`ck Aojljnk Iojostkr oj hos@umfkt ^pkknh aer thk yklr 02<2)<<# thk Pkskrvk @ljd hlm put eut l Mosnussoej Rlpkr ej otswk`sotk ej Lufust <<# 02<2 ojvotojf akkm`lnd ljm neiikjts* ]hkrklatkr# thk mrlat fuomkcojks

ej thk conkjsojf ea jkw `ljds wkrk rkcklskm ej thk Pkskrvk @ljd wk`sotk ej Lufust 0?# 02<<ojvotojf vokws ljm neiikjts* Neiikjts ljm suffkstoejs rknkovkm ej thk mrlat fuomkcojkswkrk kxliojkm ljm seik ea thk suffkstoejs wkrk lnnkptkm* Latkr thk votlc likjmikjts te thk@ljdojf Pkfucltoej Lnt# <?=? wkrk nlrrokm eut oj Mknki`kr 02<0 ljm latkr nejsuctojf woth thkFevkrjikjt ea Ojmol# thk fuomkcojks aer –Conkjsojf ea Jkw @ljds oj thk Rrovltk ^knter’ hlvkjew `kkj aojlcoskm*

^heik Neiiottkk Mrlat7 Pktrespkntovk ]e Rrespkntovk

Oj Ente`kr 02<0# thk ^heik Neiiottkk suìottkm l mrlat rkpert ej rktrespkntovk likjmikjtsrkcltojf te ojmorknt trljsakrs* ]e put thlt oj soipck Kjfcosh# thk Neiiottkk wls lsdkm teljlcysk thk likjmkm ^kntoej ? ea thk Aojljnk Lnt 02<0 „ whonh slys trljslntoejs `ktwkkjjej)rksomkjts ojvecvojf ujmkrcyojf lsskts oj Ojmol sheucm `k tlxl`ck oj Ojmol woth rktrespkntovkkaaknt arei Lproc <# <?10* ]hos likjmkm ^kntoej ildks skvkrlc trljslntoejs sunh ls thk

Hutnh)Qemlaejk ejk tlxl`ck oj Ojmol*]hk ^heik Neiiottkk rkneiikjmltoejs

• Pktrespkntovk lppconltoej ea tlx sheucm ennur oj kxnkptoejlc er rlrkst ea rlrk nlsks ljmwoth plrtonuclr e`gkntovks

• Ot sheucm jet `k mejk te kxpljm thk tlx `lsk# jer mejk wotheut stldkhecmkrnejsuctltoejs

• ]hlt thk rktrespkntovk likjmikjts oj aojljnk lnt 02<0 ) rkcltojf te ojmorknt trljsakrs#lrk jet nclroaonltery ljm ojstklm lj kaaert te womkj thk tlx `lsk

• ]hksk likjmikjts sheucm `k lppcokm prespkntovkcy latkr ojtremunojf ncklr mkaojotoejs

• Oa thk fevkrjikjt iust oipesk thki rktrespkntovkcy thkj thky sheucm lppcy ejcy te thk

skcckr ljm jet te thk ùykr ! je ojtkrkst sheucm `k nhlrfkm jer pkjlcty ckvokm ]hk neiiottkk hls lcse ilmk rkneiikjmltoejs ej whlt typks ea ojmorknt trljsakrs sheucm `ktlxkm# whkthkr rktrespkntovkcy er prespkntovkcy4 aer ojstljnk

• Ejcy thesk trljslntoejs whkrk lt cklst ;2+ ea thk ujmkrcyojf lsskts lrk oj Ojmol sheucm`k nejsomkrkm

• Ejcy nlpotlc flojs lttroùtl`ck te thk Ojmol lsskts sheucm `k tlxkm

• ]rljslntoejs ojvecvojf thk trljsakr ea ckss thlj 01+ vetojf pewkr sheucm jet `knejsomkrkm

• Aerkofj neipljoks costkm ej l rknefjoskm stend kxnhljfk ljm whesk shlrks lrkarkqukjtcy trlmkm sheucm `k kxkipt

•

AOO ljm seik typks ea provltk kquoty trljslntoejs sheucm `k kxkipt• Ljm trklty kxkiptoejs sheucm `k rkspkntkm

Pkpert ea thk Neiiottkk ej Pelmilp aer Aosnlc Nejsecomltoej



]hk Dkcdlr Neiiottkk (DN/ skt up `y thk fevkrjikjt te eutcojk l relmilp aer aosnlcnejsecomltoej rkcklskm ots rkpert temly* ]hk DN rkneiikjms aeur pocclrs ujmkr whonh thkfevkrjikjt nlj cewkr ots mkaonot te ;*0+ ea FMR oj A_<># ljm aurthkr te =*1+ ljm >*?+ oj A_<=ljm A_<;# rkspkntovkcy* ]lx iklsurks ljm `kttkr lmiojostrltoej* Pkvokw ojtremuntoej ea thk morknt tlx nemk sojnk thltneucm cklm te nejsomkrl`ck rkvkjuk cessks# pkjlcozk jej)neipcoljnk ej tlx plyikjts# rkvokw

neiiemotoks thlt lttrlnt kxnosk tlx muty ea 1+ er cewkr ljm prujk thk jkfltovk cost ej skrvonkstlx*Ojnrklsk mosojvkstikjt prenkkms* ]hk DN suffksts thk fevkrjikjt sheucm nejsomkrmosojvkstojf threufh iuctopck reutks# ojncumojf thk kxnhljfk trlmkm aujm (K]A/ reutk# skcciojeroty stldks oj provltk kjtotoks ljm nlccs aer l spknolc movomkjm arei thk nkjtrlc pu`con sknterkjtkrprosks (NR^K/* Ot lcse suffksts thlt thk fevkrjikjt neucm nejsomkr iejktozojf ots cljmrkseurnks*Nut su`somoks* Plosk pronks ea mokskc (Ps=%cotrk/# CRF nycojmkr (OJP;2%nycojmkr/ ljm dkreskjk(Ps0%cotrk/# nlp thk jui`kr ea CRF nycojmkrs pkr nejsuikr (lcrklmy oipckikjtkm/ ljm hodkurkl (akrtocozkr/ pronks `y <2+ oj A_<>* Kjsurk `kttkr kaaonokjny oj aeem frloj mostroùtoej ljmrlosk Nkjtrlc Ossuk Rronk te nejtloj thk aeem su`somy* ]hk DN suffksts rkfuclr rkvosoej ea aukcljm akrtocozkr pronks te rkmunk thk su`somy òcc arei 0*0+ ea FMR oj A_<> te <*;+ `y A_<;*Pofht)sozk pclj kxpkjmoturk* ]hk DN stltks thlt thk ojnrklsk oj Rclj kxpkjmoturks (aujmojf aer

aovk yklr pcljs/ hls skkj l vkry rlpom frewth (ea 01+ y)e)y/ oj A_<>* Pklccenltoej ea rkseurnksnlj cklm te l slvojf ea OJP022`j oj A_<> ej pclj kxpkjmoturk* Aurthkr# ot stltks thlt pcljkxpkjmoturks sheucm rosk lt l scewkr plnk ea <;+ ljm <8+ y)e)y oj A_<= ljm A_<; rkspkntovkcy#hkcpojf te nrkltk lmmotoejlc slvojfs*



]hk Aosnlc Ncoaa

]hk "aosnlc ncoaa" os l tkri uskm mksnro`k l ùjmck ea ieikjteus [*^* akmkrlc tlx ojnrklsks ljmspkjmojf nuts thlt lrk muk te tldk kaaknt lt thk kjm ea 02<0 ljm klrcy 02<>*Liejf thk clws skt te nhljfk lt iomjofht ej Mknki`kr ><# 02<0# lrk thk kjm ea clst yklr‟stkiperlry plyrecc tlx nuts (rksuctojf oj l 0+ tlx ojnrklsk aer werdkrs/# thk kjm ea nkrtloj tlx`rklds aer ùsojkssks# shoats oj thk lctkrjltovk iojoiui tlx thlt weucm tldk l clrfkr òtk# thkkjm ea thk tlx nuts arei 022<)022># ljm thk `kfojjojf ea tlxks rkcltkm te Rrksomkjt E`lil‟shklcth nlrk clw* Lt thk slik toik# thk spkjmojf nuts lfrkkm upej ls plrt ea thk mk`t nkocojfmklc ea 02<< wocc `kfoj te fe ojte kaaknt* Lnnermojf te @lrrej&s# evkr <#222 fevkrjikjtprefrlis ) ojncumojf thk mkakjsk ùmfkt ljm Ikmonlrk lrk oj cojk aer "mkkp# luteilton nuts*"Oj mklcojf woth thk aosnlc ncoaa# [*^* clwildkrs hlvk l nheonk liejf thrkk eptoejs# jejk ea whonh lrk plrtonuclrcy lttrlntovk7 ]hky nlj ckt thk nurrkjt pecony snhkmuckm aer thk `kfojjojf ea 02<> „ whonh aklturks l jui`krea tlx ojnrklsks ljm spkjmojf nuts thlt lrk kxpkntkm te wkofh hklvocy ej frewth ljm pesso`cymrovk thk knejeiy `lnd ojte l rknkssoej „ fe ojte kaaknt* ]hk pcus somk7 thk mkaonot# ls lpkrnkjtlfk ea FMR# weucm `k nut oj hlca* ]hky nlj nljnkc seik er lcc ea thk snhkmuckm tlx ojnrklsks ljm spkjmojf nuts# whonh weucmlmm te thk mkaonot ljm ojnrklsk thk emms thlt thk [jotkm ^tltks neucm alnk l nrosos soioclr tethlt whonh os ennurrojf oj Kurepk* ]hk acop somk ea thos# ea neursk# os thlt thk [jotkm ^tltks& mk`twocc nejtojuk te frew*

]hky neucm tldk l iommck neursk# eptojf aer lj lpprelnh thlt weucm lmmrkss thk ùmfkt ossukste l coiotkm kxtkjt# ùt thlt weucm hlvk l ierk iemkst oiplnt ej frewth*Nlj l Neipreiosk `k Pklnhkm5 ]hk ejneiojf aosnlc ncoaa os l nejnkrj aer ojvksters sojnk thk hofhcy plrtoslj jlturk ea thknurrkjt pecotonlc kjvorejikjt neucm ildk l neipreiosk moaaonuct te rklnh* ]hos pre`cki osj‟tjkw# latkr lcc7 clwildkrs hlvk hlm evkr l yklr te lmmrkss thos ossuk# ùt Nejfrkss „ iorkm ojpecotonlc fromcend „ hls clrfkcy put eaa thk sklrnh aer l secutoej rlthkr thlj skkdojf te secvk thkpre`cki morkntcy* Pkpu`conljs wljt te nut spkjmojf ljm lveom rlosojf tlxks# whock Mkienrltslrk ceedojf aer l neiòjltoej ea spkjmojf nuts ljm tlx ojnrklsks* Lctheufh èth plrtoks wljtte lveom thk aosnlc ncoaa# neipreiosk os skkj ls `kojf moaaonuct te lnhokvk „ plrtonuclrcy oj ljkckntoej yklr* ]hkrk&s l strejf pessoòcoty thlt Nejfrkss wej&t lnt ujtoc thk kckvkjth heur*Ljethkr petkjtolc e`stlnck os thlt thk jkxt Nejfrkss wej&t `k swerj oj ujtoc Gljulry ># latkr thkmklmcojk*

]hk iest codkcy eutneik os ljethkr skt ea step)flp iklsurks thlt weucm mkcly l ierkpkriljkjt pecony nhljfk ujtoc 02<> er cltkr* ^tocc# thk jej)plrtoslj Nejfrkssoejlc @umfktEaaonk (N@E/ kstoiltks thlt oa Nejfrkss tldks thk iommck freujm „ kxtkjmojf thk @ush)krl tlxnuts ùt nljnkccojf thk luteilton spkjmojf nuts „ thk rksuct# oj thk shert tkri# weucm `kiemkst frewth ùt je ilger knejeion hot*Resso`ck Kaaknts ea thk Aosnlc Ncoaa



Oa thk nurrkjt clws scltkm aer 02<> fe ojte kaaknt# thk oiplnt ej thk knejeiy weucm `kmrlilton* Vhock thk neiòjltoej ea hofhkr tlxks ljm spkjmojf nuts weucm rkmunk thk mkaonot `ylj kstoiltkm -;12 òccoej# thk N@E kstoiltks thlt thk peconoks skt te fe ojte kaaknt weucm nutfress meikston premunt (FMR/ `y aeur pkrnkjtlfk peojts oj 02<># skjmojf thk knejeiy ojte lrknkssoej (o*k*# jkfltovk frewth/* Lt thk slik toik# ot prkmonts ujkipceyikjt weucm rosk `ylciest l aucc pkrnkjtlfk peojt# woth l cess ea lèut twe ioccoej ge`s*

]hk Aosnlc Ncoaa Mklc ]hrkk heurs `kaerk thk iomjofht mklmcojk ej Gljulry <# thk ^kjltk lfrkkm te l mklc te lvkrtthk aosnlc ncoaa* ]hk ^kjltk vkrsoej plsskm twe heurs latkr thk mklmcojk# ljm thk Heusk ea Pkprkskjtltovks lpprevkm thk mklc 0< heurs cltkr* ]hk fevkrjikjt tknhjonlccy wkjt "evkr thkncoaa#" sojnk thk aojlc mktlocs wkrkj&t hlshkm eut ujtoc latkr thk `kfojjojf ea thk Jkw _klr# ùtthk nhljfks ojnerperltkm oj thk mklc wkrk `lndmltkm te Gljulry <* ]hk dky kckikjts ea thk mklc lrk7 lj ojnrklsk oj thk plyrecc tlx `y twe pkrnkjtlfk peojts te1*0+ aer ojneik up te -<<>#622# ljm l rkvkrslc ea thk @ush tlx nuts aer ojmovomulcs ildojfierk thlj -=22#222 ljm neupcks ildojf evkr -=;2#222 (whonh kjtlocs thk tep rltk rkvkrtojfarei >;+ te >?*;+/* Ojvkstikjt ojneik os lcse laakntkm# woth lj ojnrklsk oj thk tlx ejojvkstikjt ojneik arei <;+ te 0>*8+ aer aockrs oj thk tep ojneik `rlndkt ljm l >*8+ surtlxej ojvkstikjt ojneik aer ojmovomulcs klrjojf ierk thlj -022#222 ljm neupcks ildojf ierkthlj -0;2#222* ]hk mklc lcse fovks [*^* tlxplykrs frkltkr nkrtlojty rkflrmojf thk lctkrjltovk

iojoiui tlx# ljm l jui`kr ea pepuclr tlx `rklds ) sunh ls thk kxkiptoej aer ojtkrkstej iujonoplc èjms ) rkiloj oj pclnk* ]hk Nejfrkssoejlc @umfkt Eaaonk kstoiltks thlt nurrkjt pclj ojncumks ->>2*> oj jkw spkjmojfmurojf thk jkxt tkj yklrs# ljm ot wocc ojnrklsk thk mkaonot `y ->*? troccoej oj thlt toik pkroemmkspotk rlosojf tlxks ej 66*<+ ea [*^* heuskhecms* @ceei`krf rkperts# "Ierk thlj 82 pkrnkjtea heuskhecms woth ojneiks `ktwkkj -;2#222 ljm -022#222 weucm ply hofhkr tlxks* Liejfthk heuskhecms alnojf hofhkr tlxks# thk lvkrlfk ojnrklsk weucm `k -<#1>;# thk pecony nkjtkrslom* L 0 pkrnkjt plyrecc tlx nut# kjlntkm murojf thk knejeion scewmewj# os `kojf lccewkm tekxpork ls ea (Mknki`kr ></*" ]hk twe)pkrnkjtlfk peojt ojnrklsk oj thk plyrecc tlx os kxpkntkmte tldk lèut -<02 òccoej eut ea thk knejeiy# whonh sheucm hlvk l jkfltovk oiplnt ea lèutskvkj)tkjths ea ejk pkrnkjt ej FMR frewth*

Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Pkpert ) 02<>

]hk Posk ea thk êuth7 Huilj Rrefrkss oj l Movkrsk Vercm Ru`coshkm ej <= Ilr 02<>

]hk 02<> Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Pkpert „ "]hk Posk ea thk êuth7 Huilj Rrefrkss oj lMovkrsk Vercm" „ kxliojks thk preaeujm shoat oj fce`lc myjlions mrovkj `y thk alst)rosojf jkwpewkrs ea thk mkvkcepojf wercm ljm ots cejf)tkri oipconltoejs aer huilj mkvkcepikjt*

]hk Pkpert omkjtoaoks ierk thlj =2 neujtroks oj thk mkvkcepojf wercm thlt hlvk mejk `kttkrthlj hlm `kkj kxpkntkm oj huilj mkvkcepikjt tkris oj rknkjt mknlmks# woth thkor prefrksslnnkckrltojf ilrdkmcy evkr thk plst tkj yklrs* ]hk Pkpert ljlcyzks thk nlusks ljmnejskqukjnks ea thksk neujtroks& lnhokvkikjts ljm thk nhlcckjfks thlt thky alnk temly ljm ojthk neiojf mknlmks*

Klnh ea thksk neujtroks hls ots ewj ujoquk hostery ljm hls nheskj ots ewj mostojnt

mkvkcepikjt plthwly* _kt thky shlrk oipertljt nhlrlntkrostons ljm alnk iljy ea thk sliknhlcckjfks* ]hky lrk lcse ojnrklsojfcy ojtkrnejjkntkm ljm ojtkrmkpkjmkjt*]hk Pkpert nlccs aer alr `kttkr rkprkskjtltoej ea thk êuth oj fce`lc fevkrjljnk

systkis ljm peojts te petkjtolc jkw seurnks ea aojljnojf wothoj thk êuth aer ksskjtolc pu`confeems* Voth arksh ljlcytonlc ojsofhts ljm ncklr prepeslcs aer pecony rkaeris# thk Pkpert hkcpsnhlrts l neursk aer pkepck oj lcc rkfoejs te alnk shlrkm huilj mkvkcepikjt nhlcckjfkstefkthkr# alorcy ljm kaakntovkcy*Hofhcofhts

• ]emly# thk êuth ls l wheck premunks lèut hlca ea wercm knejeion eutput# up areilèut l thorm oj <??2*

• Cltoj Likronl# oj nejtrlst te evkrlcc fce`lc trkjms# hls skkj ojneik ojkqulcoty alcc sojnk0222*

• ]hkrk os l ncklr pesotovk nerrkcltoej `ktwkkj plst pu`con ojvkstikjt oj senolc ljm

physonlc ojarlstrunturk ljm prefrkss ej thk Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Ojmkx*• Mkvkcepojf neujtroks trlmk ierk liejf thkiskcvks thlj woth thk Jerth# ljm thos trkjm

nlj fe iunh aurthkr*Jerwly# Lustrlcol ljm thk [jotkm ^tltks cklm thk rljdojfs ea <86 neujtroks ljm tkrroteroks

oj thk cltkst Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Ojmkx (HMO/# whock nejacont)terj Mkienrlton Pkpu`con ea thk

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Nejfe ljm mreufht)strondkj Jofkr hlvk thk cewkst snerks oj thk HMO‟s iklsurkikjt ea jltoejlclnhokvkikjt oj hklcth# kmunltoej ljm ojneik# pu`coshkm temly oj thk [jotkm JltoejsMkvkcepikjt Rrefrliik‟s ([JMR/ 02<> Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Pkpert*

_kt Jofkr ljm thk Mkienrlton Pkpu`con ea thk Nejfe# mkspotk thkor nejtojuojfmkvkcepikjt nhlcckjfks# lrk liejf thk neujtroks thlt ilmk thk frkltkst stromks oj HMOoiprevkikjt sojnk 0222# thk Pkpert shews* ]hk jkw HMO aofurks shew nejsostkjt huilj

mkvkcepikjt oiprevkikjt oj iest neujtroks*–Evkr thk plst mknlmks# neujtroks lnress thk wercm hlvk `kkj nejvkrfojf tewlrmshofhkr ckvkcs ea huilj mkvkcepikjt# ls shewj `y thk Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Ojmkx#’ slys thk02<> Pkpert* –Lcc freups ljm rkfoejs hlvk skkj jetl`ck oiprevkikjt oj lcc HMO neipejkjts#woth alstkr prefrkss oj cew ljm ikmoui HMO neujtroks* Ej thos `lsos# thk wercm os `kneiojfckss ujkqulc*’

Aeurtkkj neujtroks rknermkm oiprkssovk HMO flojs ea ierk thlj 0 pkrnkjt ljjulccysojnk 0222”oj ermkr ea oiprevkikjt# thky lrk7 Lafhljostlj# ôkrrl Ckejk# Kthoepol# Pwljml#Ljfecl# ]oier)Ckstk# Iyljilr# ]ljzljol# Co`krol# @urujmo# Ilco# Iezliòquk# MkienrltonPkpu`con ea thk Nejfe# ljm Jofkr* Iest lrk cew)HMO Laronlj neujtroks# woth iljy kikrfojfarei cejf pkroems ea lrikm nejacont* _kt lcc hlvk ilmk sofjoaonljt rknkjt prefrkss oj snheeclttkjmljnk# coak kxpkntljny ljm pkr nlpotl ojneik frewth# thk mltl shews*

Iest neujtroks oj hofhkr HMO `rlndkts lcse rknermkm stklmy HMO flojs sojnk 0222#

theufh lt cewkr ckvkcs ea l`secutk HMO oiprevkikjt thlj thk hofhkst lnhokvkrs oj thk cew)HMOfreupojf*Hejf Dejf# Cltvol# Pkpu`con ea Derkl# ôjflperk ljm Cothuljol shewkm thk frkltkst <0)yklrHMO oiprevkikjt oj thk Qkry Hofh Huilj Mkvkcepikjt qulrtock ea neujtroks oj thk HMO4Lcfkrol# Dlzldhstlj# Orlj# Qkjkzukcl ljm Nu`l wkrk thk tep aovk HMO oiprevkrs oj thk HofhHuilj Mkvkcepikjt neujtroks4 ljm ]oier)Ckstk# Nlièmol# Fhljl# Cle Rkepck‟s MkienrltonPkpu`con ljm Iejfecol wkrk thk HMO frewth cklmkrs oj thk Ikmoui Huilj Mkvkcepikjtfreupojf*

]hk evkrlcc trkjm fce`lccy os tewlrm nejtojulc huilj mkvkcepikjt oiprevkikjt*Ojmkkm# je neujtry aer whonh neipcktk mltl wls lvlocl`ck hls l cewkr HMO vlcuk jew thlj othlm oj 0222*Vhkj thk HMO os lmgustkm aer ojtkrjlc ojkqulcotoks oj hklcth# kmunltoej ljm ojneik# seik ea thkwklcthokst jltoejs alcc shlrpcy oj thk rljdojfs7 thk [jotkm ^tltks alccs arei .> te .<1 oj thkojkqulcoty)lmgustkm HMO# ljm êuth Derkl mksnkjms arei .<0 te .08* ^wkmkj# `y nejtrlst#rosks arei .6 te .= whkj meikston HMO ojkqulcotoks lrk tldkj ojte lnneujt*

–Jltoejlc lvkrlfks homk clrfk vlroltoejs oj huilj kxpkrokjnk# ljm womk mosplrotoksrkiloj wothoj neujtroks ea èth thk Jerth ljm thk êuth#’ thk Pkpert jetks# notojf thk nlsk ea thk [jotkm ^tltks# woth lj HMO vlcuk ea 2*?= evkrlcc# ùt lj lvkrlfk ea 2*6; aer Cltoje rksomkjtsljm 2*62 aer Laronlj)Likronljs*–ôioclr kthjon mosplrotoks oj HMO lnhokvkikjt oj vkry hofh HMO neujtroks nlj `k skkj oj thkPeil pepucltoejs ea seuthkrj Kurepk#’ thk Pkpert slys*

]hk jkw HMO rljdojfs ojtremunk thk nejnkpt ea thk stltostonlc tok aer thk aorst toik sojnkthk HMO wls ojtremunkm oj thk aorst Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Pkpert oj <??2# aer neujtroks woth HMOvlcuks thlt lrk omkjtonlc te lt cklst thrkk mknoilc peojts* Orkcljm ljm ^wkmkj# klnh woth lj HMOvlcuk ea 2*?<1# lrk èth rljdkm skvkjth oj thk jkw HMO# aer kxlipck# theufh thk twe

neujtroks‟ HMO vlcuks movkrfk whkj nlcnucltkm te aeur er ierk mknoilc peojts*–Vk nejncumkm latkr nejsuctltoejs woth iljy cklmojf kxpkrts oj mkvkcepikjtiklsurkikjt thlt moaakrkjnks `kyejm l theusljmth ea l pkrnkjt lrk stltostonlccy ojsofjoaonljt#’slom Dhlcom Ilcod# Morknter ea [JMR‟s Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Pkpert Eaaonk* –Vhkj twe neujtrokslrk se ncesk oj thkor HMO vlcuks# shlrojf thk slik rljdojf os ierk lnnurltk ljm alor*’

]hk 02<> Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Pkpert”]hk Posk ea thk êuth7 Huilj Rrefrkss oj lMovkrsk Vercm”os `kojf clujnhkm oj Ikxone Noty temly `y [JMR Lmiojostrlter Hkckj Nclrd ljmIkxonlj Rrksomkjt Kjroquk Rkül Jokte* ]hk Pkpert ljlcysks ierk thlj =2 mkvkcepojf neujtroksthlt hlvk ilmk rlpom huilj mkvkcepikjt flojs oj rknkjt yklrs threufh sustlojkm ojvkstikjtoj kmunltoej# hklcth ljm ethkr senolc skrvonks# ljm strltkfon kjflfkikjt woth thk wercmknejeiy*

]hk 02<> Pkpert‟s ^tltostonlc Ljjkx lcse ojncumks twe kxpkroikjtlc ojmonks# thkIuctomoikjsoejlc Revkrty Ojmkx (IRO/ ljm thk Fkjmkr Ojkqulcoty Ojmkx (FOO/* ]hk FOO os mksofjkm

te iklsurk fkjmkr ojkqulcotoks ls rkvklckm `y jltoejlc mltl ej rkpremuntovk hklcth# weikj‟skipewkrikjt ljm clèur ilrdkt plrtonopltoej* ]hk Jkthkrcljms# ^wkmkj ljm Mkjilrd tepthk FOO# woth thk cklst fkjmkr ojkqulcoty* ]hk rkfoejs woth thk frkltkst fkjmkr ojkqulcoty lsiklsurkm `y thk FOO lrk su`)^lhlrlj Laronl# êuth Lsol ljm thk Lrl` ^tltks*

]hk Iuctomoikjsoejlc Revkrty Ojmkx (IRO/ kxliojks alnters lt thk heuskhecm ckvkc thlttefkthkr prevomk l aucckr pertrlot ea pevkrty thlj ojneik iklsurkikjts lcejk* ]hk IRO os jet



ojtkjmkm te `k uskm aer jltoejlc rljdojfs# muk te sofjoaonljt moaakrkjnks liejf neujtroks ojlvlocl`ck heuskhecm survky mltl*Oj thk <2= neujtroks nevkrkm `y thk IRO# lèut <*;1 òccoej pkepck lrk kstoiltkm te covk ojiuctomoikjsoejlc pevkrty* ]hk neujtroks woth thk hofhkst pkrnkjtlfks ea ‘IRO peer‟ lrk lcc ojLaronl7 Kthoepol (86+/# Co`krol (8=+/# Iezliòquk (6?+/ ljm ôkrrl Ckejk (66+/* _kt thkclrfkst l`secutk jui`krs ea iuctomoikjsoejlccy peer pkepck covk oj êuth Lsol# ojncumojf 1<0

ioccoej oj Ojmol lcejk*]hk ^tltostonlc Ljjkx lcse prkskjts mltl spknoaonlccy pkrtojkjt te thk 02<> Pkpert#ojncumojf kxpljmojf trlmk toks `ktwkkj mkvkcepojf neujtroks# oiiofrltoej trkjms# frewojffce`lc Ojtkrjkt nejjkntovoty ljm pu con sltosalntoej woth fevkrjikjt skrvonks# ls wkcc lsojmovomulc qulcoty ea coak oj moaakrkjt neujtroks*Huilj Mkvkcepikjt Ojmkx (HMO/ ) 02<0 Pljdojfs

Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki

@kfojjojf <st Gucy 02<># Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki (N]^/ weucm `k oipckikjtkm#

whkrk`y thk acew ea thk physonlc ievkikjt ea thk nhkquk wocc `k kcoiojltkm oj thk nhkquk

ncklrojf prenkss* Ojstklm# lj kckntrejon oilfk ea thk nhkquk wocc `k skjt lcejf woth rkckvljt

ojaeriltoej*Vhock thk kxostojf nhkquk stljmlrm wls suppeskm te `k phlskm eut arei nornucltoej `kfojjojf02<># thk Pkskrvk @ljd ea Ojmol (P@O/ kxtkjmkm thk mklmcojk te ><st Ilrnh <> `lskm ejrkprkskjtltoejs `y seik `ljds ls thky jkkmkm ierk toik te skt up thk systkis* ]hk shoat arei thk ecm systki te thk jkw nhkquk aerilt ksskjtolccy ikljs thlt oa yeu hlvkfovkj ljy pest)mltkm nhkquks te yeur `ljds aer celj KIOs yeu wocc hlvk te rkpclnk thki wothjkw nhkquk cklvks* Ljm oa yeu hecm ljy pest)mltkm nhkquks `kyejm ><st Gujk yeu wocc hlvk telrrljfk te fkt ot rkpclnkm woth l jkw Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki nhkquk*

N]^ os lj kaaonokjt wly ea ncklrojf nhkquks* Ot os oj alnt# `kttkr thlj thk kxostojf ikthem* ]hos

lrtonck lttkipts te kxpcloj N]^ ljm ots `kjkaots èth te lnneujt hecmkrs ls wkcc ls `ljds*Vhlt os l Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki5Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki (N]^/ os l nhkquk ncklrojf systki ujmkrtldkj `y thk Pkskrvk @ljdea Ojmol (P@O/ aer alstkr ncklrojf ea nhkquks* Ls thk jlik suffksts# trujnltoej os thk prenkss ea

steppojf thk acew ea thk physonlc nhkquk oj ots wly ea ncklrojf* Oj ots pclnk lj kckntrejon oilfkea thk nhkquk os trljsiottkm woth dky oipertljt mltl*Nhkquk trujnltoej thus e`voltks thk jkkm te ievk physonlc ojstruikjts lnress `rljnhks* ]hoskaakntovkcy kcoiojltks thk lssenoltkm nest ea ievkikjt ea physonlc nhkquks# rkmunks thk toik



rkquorkm aer thkor necckntoej ljm `rojfs kckfljnk te thk kjtork lntovoty ea nhkquk prenkssojf* Otos l systki whonh os prlntonkm wercmwomk oj thk `ljdojf sknter*Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki (N]^/ wls ojtremunkm ljm oipckikjtkm oj thk Jltoejlc NlpotlcPkfoej (JNP/ oj Ak`rulry ‟28 ej l pocet `lsos* ]hk jui`kr 02<2 oj &N]^)02<2& os `knlusk thkfuomkcojks aer Nhkquk ]rujnltoej ^ystki nlik up oj thk yklr 02<2*Vhy N]^5

Oj Ojmol# thk P@O hls ilmk lvlocl`ck ojtkr)`ljd ljm nusteikr plyikjts ejcojk oj jklr)rklctoik oj thk aeri ea P]F^ ljm JKA]* Hewkvkr# nhkquks stocc rkiloj l preiojkjt iemk ea plyikjt oj thk neujtry* Rhysonlc nhkquks stocc lnneujt aer 6;+ te 82+ ea lcc trljslntoejs*ê# thk P@O hls mknomkm te aenus ej oiprevojf kaaonokjny ea thk nhkquk ncklrojf nynck* ]hus#eaakrojf N]^ os lj lctkrjltovk* N]^ lcse rkmunks epkrltoejlc rosds oj `ljdojf epkrltoejs lsncklrojf os l hofhcy arlum)prejk epkrltoej* ]hos kxpclojs N]^ arei thk rkfuclters‟ pkrspkntovk*@kjkaots te Lnneujt Hecmkrsôjnk thkrk os je physonlc ievkikjt ea nhkquks# thkrk os je aklr ea cess ea nhkquk oj trljsot*[slfk ea N]^ nhkquks lcse ikljs quondkr ncklrljnk# shertkr ncklrojf nynck ljm spkkmokr nrkmotea thk lieujt te yeur lnneujt* Mkpkjmojf ej whkthkr thk nhkquk os cenlc er eutstltoej# thknhkquk nlj fkt ncklrkm ej thk slik mly er wothoj 0= heurs* ]hk òffkst lmvljtlfk os thltN]^)neipcoljt nhkquks lrk ierk sknurk thlj ecm nhkquks ljm# hkjnk# ckss prejk te arlums*Lcse# ls thk systki ilturks# ot os prepeskm te ojtkfrltk iuctopck cenltoejs ljm rkmunk

fkefrlphonlc rkstrontoejs oj nhkquk ncklrojf*Hkjnk# thkrk lrk nhljnks ea iucto)noty nhkquks fkttojf ncklrkm ej thk slik mly# feojfaerwlrm*Aer `ljds thk `kjkaots arei N]^ neucm `k suiilrozkm ls aeccews7

• ^hertkr ncklrojf nynck

• ûpkroer vkroaonltoej ljm rknejnocoltoej prenkss

• Je fkefrlphonlc rkstrontoejs ls te gurosmontoej

• Epkrltoejlc kaaonokjny aer `ljds ljm nusteikrs lcodk

• Pkmuntoej oj epkrltoejlc rosd ljm rosds lssenoltkm woth plpkr ncklrojfLcse# te rkotkrltk# snepk aer arlums lrk iojoiui ujmkr thk N]^ rkfoik# whonh os feem aer`ljds* Oj lmmotoej te thos# e`voltojf thk jkkm te ievk physonlc nhkquks os kxtrkikcy `kjkaonolcoj tkris ea slvojf nest ljm toik aer `ljds* Nkrtloj `kjnhilrds lnress thk neujtry hlvk `kkj

prksnro`km codk qulcoty ea plpkr# wltkrilrd# `ljd‟s cefe oj ojvoso`ck ojd# veom pljtefrlph# ktn#ljm stljmlrmozltoej ea aokcm pclnkikjts ej nhkquks* ]hos wocc lnhokvk stljmlrmozltoej ea nhkquks ossukm `y `ljds*

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Economic Survey Summary 2013.doc

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