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iqqnjhiejnj{z {` {md qdkig`gjhin qu`hdxx, [dl kjxhtxx {md qu`cdh{ {j{nd, -Xtg&gdx{j`l & jlhntkjlg {md qmuixd xtx{ijliend kdrdn`qfdl{ jl {md {j{nd mdnqx {mdqiu{jhjqil{x fijl{ijl {mdju `htx,*

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2, Kjxhtxxj`lx ie`t{ {md d}qdh{dk `t{h`fdx ` {md x{tkz hjuhnd wjnn {mjx ed

i ndxx`l qnil. il ih{j`l qnil. `u ih{jrj{jdx `u qtqjnx0 Wjnn {mdxd ed htuujhtniu`u d}{ui&htuujhtniu ih{jrj{jdx0 Wjnn {dihmdu gtjkdgtjkdnjldx `u {dihmdux edqu`kthdk i{ {md dlk ` {md qu`cdh{0

7, Kjrjkjlg {md udxq`lxjejnj{jdx, Wm` wjnn k` wmi{0 Wm` wjnn ed {md ndikdu0

=, Kdrdn`qfdl{ ` qnil `u {md gu`tq fdd{jlgx,[jx jx i g``k {jfd {` igudd `l m`w `dl. `u m`w n`lg ilk wmdud {md gu`tqwjnn fdd{, [d gu`tq fiz fdd{ `tu {jfdx `u {mudd m`tux dihm `u f`ud ud&ytdl{nz `u xm`u{du {jfd qduj`kx kdqdlkjlg `l wmi{ w`tnk w`uo ed{{du wj{mudgiuk {` {mdju {mdu udxq`lxjejnj{jdx i{ {md xhm``n ilk hnixx xhmdktnd, Hudi{d ikui qnil `u {md dl{jud x{tkz qduj`k. d,g,3

udxdiuhmjlgjlb`ufi{j`lie t{{md{`qjhilkxtffiujsjlgtl{jn{md

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8uk fdd{jlg.

kjxhtxxj`lxie`t{b ufxilkfd{m`kxktujlg{md;{mfdd{jlg.

linrduxj`l`bfi{dujinx-qu cdh{x.ndxx`lqnilx.d{h,*hudi{dkez{md{md4{m fdd{jlg.

linfdd{jlg-qudxdl{jlgudxtn{x.drinti{j`l*,

[dl mird {md gu`tq fiod i kd{ijndk qnil `u {md 5lk fdd{jlg ilk {md {jfded{wddl {md ux{ ilk {md xdh`lk fdd{jlgx wmi{ xm`tnk ed k`ld ed`ud {mdfdd{jlg. wm` wjnn k` j{. ilk m`w {md udxtn{x wjnn ed h`fftljhi{dk,

:, Kdlj{j`l huj{duji `u drinti{jlg qu`gudxx,Ixo {md gu`tq {` drinti{d {mdju w`uo inn {md {jfd, I{ {md dlk ` dihm fdd{jlg.kjxhtxx wj{m {md gu`tq3

Wmi{mirdwdk`ld{ udihm tug`in{`kiz0

Wmi{qu endfxwdmikilkwmz0

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Xdh`lk {` bm fdd{jlg -`u f`ud*

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wdnh fd.`rdurjdw`b{mdfdd{jlg?

wmi{mixmiqqdldkxjlhd{mdnix{fdd{jlg?

m`fdw`uoudxtn{x?

w`uo/kjxhtxxj`lxie`t{{mdfdd{jlgx{ qjhldwfd{m`kx.h`l{ih{x.ilk jkdix?

xtffiuz-b ud}ifqnd.eznd{{jlgdrduz`ldeujdzxmiudwmi{{mdzmirdndiuldk*?

iguddfdl{`lwm wjnnk`wmi{b u{mdld}{fdd{jlg?

kdhjkdwmdl{ fdd{{mdld}{{jfd? h`lhntkd{mdfdd{jlg,

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Bjlin fdd{jlg

Z`t hil fdd{ wj{m {md gu`tq igijl `u i tnn kiz -= m`tux* `u kjrjkd {mjx fdd{jlgjl{` {w` qiu{x -;/; m`tux*, X`fd{jfdx j{ jx ed{{du j drinti{j`l ` {md w`uo {iodxqnihd idu x`fd {jfd {mdl {md qiu{jhjqil{x mird f`ud {jfd `u uddh{j`l,I{ {md lin fd{jlg. j{ jx rduz jfq`u{il{ {` qudxdl{ {md w`uo {md x{tkz hjuhnd ilk{` gjrd il `qq`u{tlj{z `u drduz`ld {` qudxdl{ mjx `wl w`uo, [d lin fdd{jlgxm`tnk ed x`fd{mjlg rduz xqdhjin edhitxd drduz`ld mix qt{ x` fthm db`u{ jl{`

{mjx ih{jrj{z, Hdndeui{d z`tu w`uo)

D}ifqnd

dihmdux u`f F`x{z Qujfiuz Xhm``n jl Q`nilk jl h``qdui{j`l wj{m {mdju h`lxtn{il{qudqiudk i qu`cdh{ qu`q`xin `u ikkj{j`lin tlkjlg, [d xthhdxx ` {md jlj{ji{jrd wixhdndeui{dk ktujlg {md blin fdd{jlg {md x{tkz hjuhnd in`lg wj{m qiudl{x ilk n`hin it&{m`uj{jdx, Ktujlg {mjx fdd{jlg. {md h`fftlj{z ndikdu fikd il ill`tlhdfdl{ ie`t{{md ikkj{j`lin blilhjin xtqq`u{{mi{ mik eddl guil{dk {` {md xhm``n,

J{ jx i g``k jkdi {` qudqiud il `rdurjdw {iend kdf`lx{ui{jlg inn {md dkthi{j`linw`uo {mi{ mix eddl hiuujdk `t{ i{ {md xhm``n, Ikk {mjx {iend {` {md gu`tqx udq`u{,

Xtecdh{ Guikd Hmiq{du qjh L`,` Ndxx`lx

9 X`hjin Xhjdlhd = Fil ilk Li{tud [d Bt{tud H`k 5

5 Ej`n`gz 2 Njrjlg Dlrju`lfdl{Dh`n`gjhin Bih{`ux

H`kx Miej{i{Dh`n`gjhin Qu`endfx ` {md Ein{jh Xdi

5

8 Dlgnjxm 2 [d Xdi Xdi IljfinxQu`dxxj`lx H`lldh{dk {` {md Xdi

5

; Nj{dui{tud = Utxxjil Nj{dui{tud [d L`rdn ez {md Utxxjil Wuj{du L,G`g`n

Udrjs`u, I qniz ie`t{ h`k u`f {mjx l`rdn

9

4 Li{jrdNilgtigd

2 Qdl{ix{jhm X{tkdl{x Hudi{d Q`dfx Ie`t{ H`k 9

2 Gd`guiqmz 2 Mzku`xqmdud Xdi Njrjlg Dlrju`lfdl{ -{md Ein{jh Xdi ixil D}ifqnd*

;

7 Gd`guiqmz = Gd`guiqmz {mdOinjljlguik udgj`l

Bjxm Qu`hdxxjlg jl {md Oinjljlguik Udgj`l H`ljh{x ` Jl{dudx{x

;

= Ej`n`gz 99 Ej`xqmdud U`nd qniz H`k i{ {md tul {md Hdl{tuz,H`ljh{x ` Jl{dudx{x

5

D}ifqnd -injgl j{ wj{m z`tu li{j`lin htuujhtntf & {mjx jx il d}ifqnd u`f {md Oinjljlguik udgj`l jl Utxxji*3

Z`t h`tnk inx` xm`w hmjnkudlx w`uo ktujlg {md nix{ fdd{jlg, J{ jx i rduz g``k jkdi{` fiod il d}jej{j`l ` hmjnkudlx w`uo,

Ktujlg {mjx fdd{jlg. j{ jx ldhdxxiuz {` lk t{ wmd{mdu {md gu`tq udihmdk j{x g`inxilk wmi{ t{h`fdx mird eddl ihmjdrdk, Ixo {mdxd ytdx{j`lx3

Wmi{q`xj{jrd`t{h`fdxkjkwdihmjdrd0

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Kjxhtxxj`l ie`t{ {md t{tud jx inx` jfq`u{il{, K` {md gu`tq fdfedux3wil{{`h`l{jltdwj{m`{mduxtecdh{iudix?

jlrj{d`{mduh`nndgtdx?{uz{mdfd{m`kjl{mdhnixxu``fwj{mqtqjnx?`u

d}hmilgdd}qdujdlhdxwj{m`{mduxhm``nx0

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H`fftljhi{j`l ed{wddl {md h`lxtn{il{ ilk {md gu`tq ndikdu iud dxqdhjinnz jf&q`u{il{ ktujlg {md jlkdqdlkdl{ w`uo, [d gu`tq fdfedux xm`tnk ddn {md xtqq`u{u`f h`lxtn{il{, H`fftljhi{j`l ed{wddl {md h`lxtn{il{ ilk {md gu`tq ndikduhil ed hiuujdk `t{ ez qm`ld. d&fijn. `u ktujlg ihd&{`&ihd fdd{jlgx jffdkji{dnz`nn`wjlg dihm x{tkz hjuhnd fdd{jlg,

J{ jx jfq`u{il{ `u {md h`lxtn{il{ {` ndiul ie`t{ {md xthhdxxdx ilk dxqdhjinnz & ie`t{kjhtn{jdx {md gu`tq fiz mird dlh`tl{dudk,

[d h`lxtn{il{ fjgm{ kjxhtxx {md `nn`wjlg ytdx{j`lx wj{m {md gu`tq ndikdu3

K`dx {md w`uo qu`hddk ihh`ukjlg {` {md qnil0

Wmi{ wix kjxhtxxdk ktujlg {md fdd{jlg0

Wmi{ kjhtn{jdx kjk {md gu`tq dlh`tl{du0

Z t h`tnk txd inx` i xqdhjin udq`u{ `uf wmjhm ftx{ ed h`fqnd{dk ez {md x{tkz hju&

hnd ndikdu idu dihm fdd{jlg, Xthm eujd udq`u{x wjnn fiod j{ dixjdu `u z`t {` `nn`w{mdju w`uo, Il d}ifqnd ` xthm i udq`u{ `uf jx dlhn`xdk `l {md ld}{ qigd,

Wdnn. j{x ie`t{ {jfd `u z`t {` edgjl z`tu w`uo wj{m i x{tkz hjuhnd)Mird i g``k {jfd {`gd{mdu)

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` {iqil nkskiue`ctxjdx it{`ut gutqi l` kikf rinx{f Ein{jcix cuix ouix{`x,

It{`uj3

Gj{{d Ct{rjo.Runkxli{tu`lkdl WWB. Srjdkujci

Qd{du Wje`ul.X{tkjduetlkd{ Rt}dlxo`nil. Srjdkujci

Ntkfjni Gnto`ri.Oijjlguikix Rinx{x tljrduxj{{d. OujdrjciJldxd Njdqji.Eult Rjkdx xo`ni. Ni{rjci

Nijqlj ng{j fxt o`filk)Qinkjdx qiu Cxt rnfj kiue`{jdx o x{tkjct iqt o`lxtn{il{if) Cx gi{ir`ci{jdx tsxo{ hd`ctft. otu. rjx{jhifo.l`rdkx Cx qjd citlf sjlilf qiu {`. oix ju jng{xqcgi i{{x{ei qnio l`sf, E{ qiu o`lxtn{il{t l`sf. e{qiu hjnrot. oix riki. i{einx{i. jdku`jli tl xljdks qik`ftx tl qu`dxj`lnt i{einx{t x{tkjct iqt kineljdojdf,

Jng{xqcgi i{{x{ei riu {jo{ xixljdg{i. ci hjnrot tl kiet xoi{i rjdl rdxdntf o kit l` o`qgix xjx{fix, Oi{&

ui kii njdno xjx{f ju cxoi{i jng{xqceix o`l{dox{, Qi{ ci ic qu`cdo{ fx `otxcifjdx rijuo ts jng{xqceixdo`n`jxoicjdf ixqdo{jdf. {`fu iu {ik ftfx ci{hduix. oi x`hjn tl do`l`fjxo kjfdlxjci ju rjdlnks l`sfgix,Qjdfuif. qjdruilx x`hjnicif ixqdo{if ftfx i{gkjli qiu q`nj{jxo` jlx{j{hjct ldqjdhjdifet kdf`ou{jcixl`ku`jlilij. oix ju e{jxoi jng{xqcgij i{{x{eij, Qu`cdo{i Jsgn{ei qufijf fujx ejci jsrdjk`{ citlt. jl&{dudxil{t. kdf`ou{jxot tl `{j quio{jxot hdt o uik{ rsjct. jsx{uk{ fhet fd{`kdx tl fi{dujntx. oix qinksudinjs{ jsgn{et jng{xqcgij i{{x{eij -JJI*, Ju xriugj nij Cx o x{tkjct iqt o`lxtn{il{x e{t qisx{ifx iu jng{xqcgixi{{x{eix e{et tl e{t qik`fcjx qiu {x jdksrjlilt xiejdkue,

L`sfgoijx sjlilt ir`{x x{tkjct iqn ju kineljdot qit qjdudksd tl sjlilix, Ejdj x{tkjct iqj jsfil{` xqdhjntxuiox{jxotx fi{dujntx. ed{ rjxxriugo ju jsfil{`{ sjlilix. oix ju qijdf x{tkjct iqt kineljdojdf) X{tkjct iqnjfqiuix{j ju rik{cx. oix riki kjxotxjcix gutq tl udjsf xljdks okt jl`ufhjct, ic qu`cdo{ fx dxif xict{tj

ricikset iu qh o`lxtn{il{i. oix i{einx{i rjdli rij rijuot x{tkjct iqt kiuet rjdlnijhgj, O`lxtn{il{j ju hjnroj.oix qusjli fhet fd{`kdx. rjkdx tl jng{xqcgix i{{x{eix cit{ctftx, Cx dxi{ rjdlx l` jdf hjnrojdf) Cx exjd{i{ejnkgx qiu qjuf` tl qkc` x{tkjct iqi {joil`x. qiu xisjt iu gutqt x{iuq rjt qi{x{rgx {joilx udjsf {uxnks xdt fldt giutf,

Ju xriugj nij Cx o o`lxtn{il{x qusjl{t x{tkjct iqt fd{`kj, Qiu {` Cx riui{ jsnix{ gufi{ U`oixgufi{i x{tkjctiqt kineljdoif,

Qd{du Wje`ul. X{tkjduetlkd{ Rt}dlxo`nil. Srjdkujci

OQH TL O E[ QIUO@LXTN[IL[T0

Fx dxif qunjdhjl{j. oi jsfil{ c`{ x{tkjct iqt fd{`kj. xo`n`{cjdf ex qujdox x{uk{ tl k`f{ o`q) Rjj uikx

citlix fd{`kdx tl jkdcix. o i{{x{{ xo`nl`x xqct uo`{jdx jng{xqcgo, Jd{ qi jsgn{eix jng{xqcgij i{{x{eij hdt juijsuitc`j. ed{ ejdj rjdl {ix ju qjnlx iu udnjdf tl jdk`f{jdf ujdf, Cxt n`fi o o`lxtn&{il{if ju i{einx{{ tlrik{ x{tkjct iqtx ic hd, Cx xdo`xjd{ nksj gutqix kiueif. k`xjd{ rjjdf qik`ftx. jsru{xjd{ rjt jkdcix tl. cildqjdhjdifx. qinksxjd{ rjjdf o`l{io{{jdx iu doxqdu{jdf. xqdhjnjx{jdf tl `ugiljshjcf,

95