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Education For What? Why We Need to Connect Education and Careers and How to Do It Andrew R. Hanson December 8, 2015
Education For What? Why We Need to Connect Education and Careers and How to Do It
Andrew R. Hanson December 8, 2015
By 2020, 65 percent of jobs will require education or training beyond high school.
2
72% 35%
28% 65%
1972 2020
Shar
e of
jobs
At least some college High school or less
Source: Georgetown CEW, Recovery 2020, 2013.
Four out of five jobs that pay a living wage require education or training beyond high school. – Georgetown CEW, Help Wanted, 2010
Between 1980 and 2010, the college wage premium grew from 46 percent to 97 percent.
40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
100%
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 Source: Georgetown CEW, The College Advantage, 2012.
18 20 22 24 26 28 30
Wag
es
Age
Median wage
Source: Georgetown CEW, Failure to Launch, 2013.
It’s taking young adults longer to launch their careers: young adults used to get to the average wage at age 26;
now they get there by age 30.
In 1980, young men with a high school education earned $34,000 annually; in 2013, they earned $25,000 annually.
$34,000
$25,000
1980 2013 Source: Carnevale et al., Failure to Launch, 2013.
In the jobs recovery that followed the Great Recession, the economy created 2.9 million jobs that pay more than $50,000 annually; 2.8 million went to college graduates. – Georgetown CEW, Good Jobs Are Back, 2015
Where are the jobs?
Healthcare Consulting Finance
Marketing STEM
93% 83%66%
7% 17%34%
1968-71 1988-91 2004-07
Shareofautomechanicjobs
AtleastsomepostsecondaryHighschoolorless
Which skills are in demand? Creativity
Problem Solving
Critical Thinking
Communication
Teamwork
Professionalism
Work Ethic
Leadership
Where Are the Jobs?
Austin Houston San Antonio Nashville San Jose
Dallas Denver Raleigh Salt Lake City Charleston
D.C. San Francisco Boston
San Jose New York
Where are the jobs for college grads?
There are 29 million jobs that require less than a BA and pay at least $35,000 per year. These jobs
are concentrated in seven fields:
Blue-collar Management Information technology Healthcare
Protective services Sales Office
administration
Source: Georgetown CEW, Career and Technical Education: Five Ways That Pay, 2012.
By age 30, 33 percent of women and 44 percent of men have not attained any education/training beyond high school. –Georgetown CEW, Failure to Launch, 2013
0.01 0.14
0.28 0.31 0.33
0.42 0.46
0.89 0.94
1.14
Mexico United States
Japan Australia Canada
Korea Italy
Spain Germany
France Spending on workforce development (share of GDP)
While other countries use public job training programs for skill development, American primarily uses these programs for employment services such as job placement.
Source: Georgetown CEW analysis of OECD data, 2013.
$610
$413 $347
$177 $60 $47 $18
K-12 On-the-job training
Four-year colleges
Formal employer training
programs
Community colleges
Other training
Federal job training
Annual education/training spending (in billions)
In America, colleges and employers are the primary institutions that prepare people for careers.
Will I finish?
How long will it take?
How much will it cost?
Will it help me get a job?
How much will I make?
Big Data è Smart Data: Asking the Right Questions
• Sincethe1980s,thedemandforcollege-graduatesandthecostofcollegehavegrown.
• Theincreasingdemandforcollegegraduatesandvalueofacollegedegreeledtolargeincreasesincollegeenrollment.
• IncreasedenrollmenthasplacedpressureonpublicfundingforhighereducaHon.
• Together,thesetrendshaveledtoincreasedaIenHontothereturnoninvestmentofcollegeprograms.
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