Ehaab Abdou Chairperson Nahdet El Mahrousa Federation of Egyptian Youth NGOs Namaa Summer School

Mapping of the Egyptian NGO sector:with a special focus on youth-led NGOs and efforts in this field

Ehaab AbdouChairpersonNahdet El MahrousaFederation of Egyptian Youth NGOs

Namaa Summer School3 July 2007

Outline

Introduction 1. Egypt Development Scene: Institutional Map 2. Overview of the youth-led civil society Conclusions & reflections

1. Egypt Development Scene: Institutional Map

Government Business

NGOs/ Civil Society

Egypt Development Map: Actors and Relationships

Syndicates/Political parties

Technical Assistance organizations

Development Companies

Religious institutions

Government institutions

(ministries) includes Media

Private sector (CSR programs)

Educational/research institutions

Financiers of Development

(donors, private sector, etc)

NGOs/CSOs(non-profit)

Strong, continuous & necessary relationship

Not necessarily present or continuous

One-by-one: Actors & Relationships

Egypt Development Map: Government Institutions





Government Institutions








Relatively weak & not necessarily present

Government institutions1. Regulatory and Supervisory:

• Ministry of Social Solidarity (formerly MISA)• National Federation of NGOs

• Ministry of International Cooperation (ultimate umbrella for foreign aid to Egypt)• Ministry of Foreign Affairs (registration required for some international organizations

like Islamic Relief, etc)• Sector-specific: e.g. National Youth Council

2. Executive role: • Ministry of Industry –e.g. EU-funded “Industrial Modernization Program”• Ministry of Education – e.g. Education Reform projects (USAID/EU)• Ministry of local communities development

Combining both roles:• Generally: Ministry of Awaqf • Sector-specific: e.g. National Council for Women

Mass Media

Newspapers: No Civil Society specialized pages Attempt by Al-Ahram in Economic supplement

TV: Subject-specific awareness campaigns:

Agricultural extension work “serr el ard” Female Genital Mutilation Bilharzias

Few Development and success model-related programs: Nile Culture Channel

Egypt Development Map: NGOs/CSOs











NGOs/CSOs(not-for-profit)



Types of NGOs – by Geography Local NGOs

Local community- (Community Development Association) or nation-wide

Management: Old and Modern styles Volunteers vs professionals on payroll

Umbrella federations (regional or by sector) International NGOs

COSPE, CARE, CRS, IBLF, Red Cross, ICA, Suzanne Mubarak Women Movement for International Peace, etc

Regional NGOs ABC – Arab Business Council, Young Arab Leaders, ERF,

Arab Reform Forum (Library of Alexandria)

Area of work of NGOs

Charity Socio-economic development Networking Advocacy and awareness building What else?

NGO vs. Foundation

Law 84 makes provisions for that with subtle differences Grants-making Fields of work/operation General assembly Minimum start-up capital Number of founders, etc

Egypt Development Map: Development Companies















For-profit private sector consulting companies: Local:

E.g.: EQI, CID, etc International (mainly: US and Europe HQ)

E.g.: DAI, Chemonix Int’l, RTI, etc

Egypt Development Map: Financiers









Financers of Development





Financiers of development: 1. Individual giving very large amounts mostly to charity vs. development

(CDS/Ford Study)

Financiers of development:2. International Donor Assistance organizations: Bilateral (to gov’t and NGOs):

USAID, DANIDA, JICA, etc In cases, separate technical assistance and financing arms (KfW & GTZ or JICA and Japanese

Embassy NGO prog)

Multilateral (mostly to gov’t): World Bank African Development Bank (AfDB) Islamic Development Bank International Monetary Fund (also along with WB referred to as Bretton Woods institutions) European Union Social Fund for Development (initial seed money international) UN:

coordinating role/TA and minimal funding) includes (WHO, FAO, ILO, UNDP, etc Arab and Islamic Development Assistance:

Arab Fund Social and Economic Development, BADEA, etc) Arab League (coordinating role/TA and minimal funding) Middle East Partnership Initiative (MEPI)

Recent development

Note: Better Coordination hoped through Donor Assistance Group (DAG) On-going Assistance (could stop for different reasons), one-time amount (Egyptian-Swiss

Fund for Debt Swap)

Financers of development3. Foundations/Funds:

International Family foundations: Ford Foundation, Soros/OSI, Aga Khan Foundation

International and foundations/Funds : E.g.: German Foundations: Friedrich Nauman, Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung ,

(affiliated to certain political parties/movements like Greens) Rotary Ashoka Foundation – business approach to development and social

entrepreneurship Egyptian-American Community Fund (New trends) The Egyptian Al-Amal Project (New trends)

Regional foundations: E.g.: El Mawred for arts and culture Safar Fund Naseej Fund (both with initial Ford Foundation funds)

Local Family foundations: E.g.: Sawiris, El Sewedy, Farid Khamees,

Egypt Development Map: Private Sector














Types of Private sector involvement:Option 1: PR budget item:

Out of Public Relations budget line item (in-kind, or financial donations) – e.g. Nestle

Option 2: In-house programs:

Special Corporate “giving” programs: Support to NGOs and charity activities

Company-managed development programs:

Scholarships Intilaqah for SMEs (Shell Egypt) Business plan competition (AAIB) Education initiative (Microsoft), IT Clubs (Intel) CSR manager at least in place

Corporate volunteerism: Injaz- Save the Children One-day activities by staff: orphanages, etc

Option 3: Corporate Foundations:

E.g.: Vodafone foundation (as a separate legal entity) AAIB (We Owe It To Egypt Foundation)

Egypt Development landscape:Technical Assist. Organizations












Strong continuous & necessary relationship


Technical Assistance organizations Training and Capacity Building:

E.g.: Egyptian NGO Center (NGO Service Center formerly) Gerhart Center for Philanthropy and Civic Engagement- AUC

– esp. philanthropists to organize their giving

Volunteer Mobilization: E.g.: Egyptian Volunteer Center – YAPD www.yapd.org.eg

Networking and information access: UNDP umbrella support: Community development portals:

Kenanaonline www.kenanaonline.com , fekr zad, etc InfoMall: www.arabinfomall.com Center for Development Services:

2nd largest development library after USAID- open to public Important role in arabizing concepts like PRA translations, etc

http://www.yapd.org.eg/



http://www.kenanaonline.com/

http://www.arabinfomall.com/

Egypt Development Map:Educational/Research Institut.














Educational/Research institutions Think tanks and research centers:

University-based Independent (Egyptian Economic , Economic Research Forum, Semi-governmental: Al-Ahram Strategic Center for, IDSC Future Studies Center

Degrees: Masters AUC- Professional Development Cairo University: Diploma NGO Management, Diploma Civil Society

Universities: Cairo University:

FEPS: Civil society Diploma Helwan Univ – SME Support Ain Shams- Environmental products, etc AUC – Office of Student Development- Service Learning Program Canadian International College

Research: FEPS- Center for Political Research and Studies (Civil Society training, etc) Social research center- AUC

Student-activities beyond campuses: AUC - Alashanek ya Balady C.U.- Resala

Student development activities: Conference and International Organization Models Faculty of Engineering (STEP, Ishraq, etc)

Egypt Development Map: Syndicates/Political parties














Syndicates and Political Parties Political Parties:

Minimal Syndicates:

Advocacy Charity-members support Religious services

Other roles?

Egypt Development Map: Religious Institutions









Financers of Development






Very influential and inspiring to charity recent trend towards development e.g. Sona’ El

Hayah (Amr Khaled) Mostly charity, few development activities:

Zakat committees in Mosques Sunday Schools in Churches

Note: Development Initiatives use religious institutions

to spread awareness and development messages

2. Overview of the Egyptian youth-led civil society

background

Definition (youth-led) NGOs not the whole civil society (so no AGEG!). so

this might neglect a lot of efforts A very small percentage of Egyptian youth affiliated

to any of those NGOs vs. movements like Muslim Brotherhood or NDP, for obvious reasons.

Very difficult to lump and use a terminology like “youth NGOs”

It is not in comparison to other sectors. May be other sectors like affluent women and businessmen too are rising.

Recent trends 1990s-today:

Local NGOs: Starting especially late 1990s and early 2000 there have been several youth NGOs setting up: Fat’het Kheir, Meshwar, EYBA, EBF, etc..

Global NGOs taking roots locally: Rotaract (as part of Rotary), AIESEC, LIONS, etc. Recently,

YES, TakingITGlobal, Pioneers of Change. Studies interest:

Trend: Recently several studies commissioned by Population Council, Ford Foundation on studying youth NGOs.

Interest to gather them and know more: Recently, Goethe and Swedish Institute of Alex working on

youth-policy and research conferences this summer.

Various formats

Management: Very different in funding and policies also: EJB a full paid structure vs FK volunteer-based with minimal management structure.

Funding: FK being totally locally funded vs. EBF CIPE USAID vs YAPD from Ministry of Youth, etc.

Mapping of active youth-led civil society work in Egypt (first draft)

الهدف الرئيسى

لألعضاء تشبيكوبعض مشروعات

وتنموية خيرية

نشاطخيرى بدافع) دينى(

تنمية أقتصادية وأجتماعية وتوعية

التأييد حشدوالسياسات

أهتمامات أخرى

(AGTBE) جمعية الخريجين المصريين الجامعات من البريطانيةرابطات خريجى المدارسو الجامعات

(EJB) جمعيةاألعمال شباب

خير فاتحة

روتاراكت وروتارى– LIONS

رسالة لألعم

ال الخيرية

جمعية الشباب للسكان والتنمية

EJB جمعية شباب األعمال

الحملة المصرية لمناهضة العولمةAnti-Globalization Egypt (AGEG)

Sahara Safarists

PTP (Pen Temple Pilots)

Egypt Photography

Taking IT Global Egypt

صناع جمعيةالحياة

EYBA جمعيةشباب المصرفيين

بلدى يا علشانك

Univ-based: SIFE, STEP, AIESEC

أهدافه وأهم الشاب المدنى المجتمعونشاطاته

جمعية مشوار لتنمية المجتمع

جمعيات الكنائس وجمعيات الشبان المسلمين أو المسيحيي

وغيرها ن

جمعية شباب الحالمون بالغد

Main areas of work Members’ Networking (and some social work) Charity (religious-driven) Charity (non-religious driven) Cultural dialogue and exchanges (AIESEC, DNB,

Waseela-Euro-med programs) Socio/economic development, awareness, civic

engagement Policy reform and advocacy Special Interests Human Rights Student serving or charity university-based groups

Reflections & conclusions

From this analysis and with all those institutions, what would you say the key missing component(s) necessary for Egypt’s development are? More of what? Less of what? Continuing of what? The relationships? Are there missing organizations/institutions? Are all actors as involved as each other? How is the power structure designed? Is there a fair sharing of power? Is there enough of all actors? Which do you think are the institutions that can lead the way

towards development? Again: what or who is missing in the Map?

3. Trends in youth development efforts

الفرصوالمؤشرات االيجابية االيجابية بالمساهمة واهتمام عامة الشباب وعى فى زيادة

بداية منذ شباب أسسها التى الجمعيات عدد فى 1990زيادة

: مثل مبادرات خالل من أفضل تنسيق الشباب لجمعيات النوعى االتحاد

: الحكومات من االهتمام زيادة للشباب الوطنية واالستراتيجيات السياسات ) للشباب القومى المجلس للشباب قومية ووزارات مجالس انشاء

( مصر فى

من والدعم Tاالهتمام زيادةهيئات غيرحكومية مؤسسات

إقليميا مؤسسات:: دولية االسكندرية مكتبة مؤسسةAnna Lindh( العربى ( الشباب تمكين مشروع العربية الدول جامعة الشابة العربية YAL القيادات

:اتTمشروعSave The Children

العربى الشباب لتبادل سفر صندوق نسيج صندوق مشروعSiraj with USAID

التحديات الجمعيات ( : المعوقاتأهم فى العر1بى الشباب دراسة

- - األردن،: فريد أمين عبير والمعوقات الفرص االهلية( ومصر لبنان فلسطين، سوريا، -البحر1ين،

بنسبة ومستلز1ماته المقر توافر %25عدم 1القانونية السبل معرفة %21عدم الالزم المؤسسى التمويل توافر %21عدم - لالدارة المطلوبة الفنية المهارات توافر %12عدم

: هامة ملحوظة11% المجتمع فى المنخرط الشباب1 من فقط

االجتماعى االقتصادى للمستوى ينتمى المدنىالمنخفض

أخرى تحديات

االستدامة فكر وجود عدم االحتراف وعدم الهواية المهمش للشباب تصل ال المبادرات معظم

والفقير

الشباب تنمية خارطة

للشباب القومى المجلس

تمويلية مؤسسات( مؤسساتها و المتحدة األمم

المانحة الجهاتاألعمال قطاع

( االجتماععية المسئولية (برامج

الشباب لتنمية جمعياتشباب يقودها

الشباب لتنمية جمعياتشباب يقودها أخرى ال وزارات

( الصناعة ( تحديث مركز الصناعة وزارةالتعليم وزارة

العاملة القوى وزارة

االعالم( صحافة راديو، تلفزيون، (برامج

للشباب سياسات لوضع جهود

للشباب وطنية :استراتيجية

عربىhttp://www.ndp.org.eg/ar/conferances/2nd_co

nf/papers/youth.aspx

Draft National Youth Policy: English:http://

www.ndp.org.eg/en/Policies/NationalYouthPolicy.aspx

http://www.ndp.org.eg/ar/conferances/2nd_conf/papers/youth.aspx

http://www.ndp.org.eg/ar/conferances/2nd_conf/papers/youth.aspx

http://www.ndp.org.eg/en/Policies/NationalYouthPolicy.aspx



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Ehaab Abdou Chairperson Nahdet El Mahrousa Federation of Egyptian Youth NGOs Namaa Summer School

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