Date post: | 31-Dec-2015 |
Category: |
Documents |
Upload: | trevor-camacho |
View: | 32 times |
Download: | 0 times |
End of Custom Shows
End of Custom ShowsWARNING! Do Not Remove
This slide is intentionally blank and is set to auto-advance to end custom
shows and return to the main presentation.
2
Contents
SECTION 1
Village Life
SECTION 2
The Conquerors
3
• Valhalla
• Danube River valley
• clans
• chieftain
• blood feuds
• oath-helpers
• ordeal
• wergeld
• Wodan
• Thor
• Attila
• Alaric
• Odoacer
• Theodoric
Terms to Learn People to Know
Places to Locate
4
Village Life• Although the Germans took part in
Roman life, they also kept much of their own culture.
• They lived in villages of thatched roof huts surrounded by farmlands and pastures.
• Women, children, and enslaved people did most farm work.
• German dress was simple.
• The Germans so strongly believed in hospitality that it was against the law to turn away anyone who came to the door.
5
Village Life (cont.)
• Feasting, drinking, and dancing were favorite German pastimes.
• The Germans spoke a language that later became modern German.
• At first, they could not read or write, because their language had no alphabet.
• Gradually, they began to use Roman letters to write their own language.
6
• German men were warriors, spending most of their time fighting, hunting, or making weapons.
• The Germans were divided into clans, or groups based on family ties.
• At first, the Germans gave their greatest loyalty to their clan but later shifted their loyalty to a chieftain, a military leader.
• The chieftains provided their men with leadership, weapons, and adventure.
• German warrior bands were small and did not have fixed plans of fighting.
Warriors
7
• The Germans' love of battle was closely linked to their religion, and they expected warriors to win in battle or die trying.
• The chief god, Wodan, was the god of war, poetry, learning, and magic and his son Thor was the god of war and thunder.
• The Germans believed that goddesses carried warriors who died in battle into the afterlife to Wodan’s hall, called Valhalla, to feast and fight forever.
• A successful attack provided warriors with enslaved people, cattle, and other treasures.
Warriors (cont.)
8
• Unlike the Romans who believed the law came from the emperor, the Germans believed that the law came from the people, requiring public approval for any changes.
• Reckless, often drunken, fighting caused problems in German villages.
• Courts were established to keep such fights from becoming blood feuds, or quarrels in which the families of the original fighters seek revenge.
Law
9
Section 1-6
• Germans who were accused of a crime would profess their innocence in an oath, and that oath would be defended by an oath-helper, who swore that the accused spoke the truth.
• Sometimes guilt or innocence would be decided by ordeal, a severe trial, in which the accused would walk on red-hot coals or be bound and thrown in the water.
• If the burns healed in three days or if the accused sank, he was considered innocent.
• Courts also could impose fines called wergeld on a person judged as guilty.
Law (cont.)
10
The Conquerors• The Goths were a Germanic people who
lived in the Balkan Peninsula of Europe.
• In the late 300s the Huns, led by Attila, or “Little Daddy,” attacked both the Ostrogoths (East Goths) and the Visigoths (West Goths).
• After the Huns conquered the East Goths, the West Goths asked the Roman emperor for protection.
• Before long, trouble broke out between the West Goths and Roman officials.
11
The Conquerors (cont.)
• Finally, the West Goths rebelled against the Romans and defeated them at the Battle of Adrianople in 378.
• In 410, led by Alaric, they captured and looted Rome and continued on to Gaul and then to Spain, ending the Roman rule in Spain and driving out the Vandals.
• In 455, the Vandals attacked and burned Rome, but spared the lives of the Romans.
12
• The Germanic invasions were one of the three main reasons the Roman Empire in the West began to fall.
• In 476, a German general named Odoacer took control and ruled the western empire in his own name for almost 15 years.
• Later the East Goths, led by Theodoric, took Italy, killed Odoacer, and set up their own kingdom.
The Conquerors (cont.)
13
• By 550, the Roman Empire in the West had faded away, replaced by six major and a great many minor Germanic kingdoms.
• Many Roman beliefs and practices remained to shape later civilizations.
The Conquerors (cont.)