April 29, 2 Mr. Rich B VP Quality TurnaSure 340 East M Langhorn Subject: T Dear Mr. Pursuant University conventio letter rep preparatio were perf Backgrou TurnaSure recently traditiona protrusion between t is also nee or oversiz the new p washer, a design inc moved fu the possi hardened “TurnAnu Objective The objec To de To co harde Approac The follow En g i n 2011 Brown, y and Enginee e LLC Maple Avenu e, PA 19407 Test Results o Brown: to the Test y, and Turn onal and “Tu port provides on of specim formed by Mr und e sought the developed D al TurnaSure ns or the “bu the DTI and t eded when th zed hole, a ha product (“Tur and the DTI w corporates a urther from t bility of usin washer. In ut” DTI in com es ctives of this s termine the p ompare the ened washers h wing approac n eerin g Res ering e, Suite 206 f TurnaSure D ting Services aSure LLC o rnAnut” Dire s the details ens, bolt tigh r. Carl Bowma services of Direct Tensio DTI. With tr umps” abutti he nut, as the he bolt or the ardened flat w rnAnut”) inco with one piece larger circula he center. Th g “TurnAnut view of the mparison with study are: performance performance s, a DTI and a h was followe earch Cent DTI Agreement of October 2 ect Tension In s of the tes htening, instru an, Instrumen ATLSS Engine n Indicator raditional DT ng the bolt o e protrusions e nut abutting washer is nee rporates the e and enablin ar extrusion a his design im ” DTI directly above, a tes traditional T of “TurnAnut e of “TurnAn nut. ed for fulfillin er between AT 28, 2010, w ndicators (DT ts and summ umentation, d ntation Mana eering Resea (DTI) “TurnA I, a DTI is p or the nut. A s are not fully g the DTI is n eded under t DTI directly u ng a more eff at the abuttin mprovement c y for oversiz st program w urnaSure DTI t” DTI in slip c nut” DTI wit ng the objectiv Sougata Senior R Center f for Larg 117 ATL Imbt La Bethleh (610) 75 email: s www.at TLSS Enginee we have com TI), and com marizes the data collectio ager, and Mr. arch Center, Anut” and co laced under A hardened fl y covered by t not hardened. the bolt head under a harde ficient installa ng face, the p compared to zed holes wit was devised I. critical joints th traditional ves: Prepared b a Roy, Ph.D. Research Scientis for Advanced Te ge Structural Sys LSS Drive boratories hem, PA 18015‐4 58‐5822 Fax (61 s[email protected]u tlss.lehigh.edu ering Researc mpleted test pared their findings. All on, and other Roger Moye Lehigh Unive ompare its p the bolt or lat washer is the nut. A har . In addition, d. In contrast ened nut, rep ation. Since t protrusions on the tradition thout the use to assess th with over siz l DTI that re by: Dr. Sougat st echnology stems 4729 0) 758‐5902 u ch Center, L ting of Turn performance testing incl r support func r, Technician ersity for test performance the nut, wit typically req rdened flat w for a short sl to traditiona placing the nu the nut in the n the DTI cou nal DTI introd e of an addi he performan zed holes; equires two ta Roy Lehigh nasure e. This luding ctions . ting a with th the quired washer lotted al DTI, ut, the e new uld be duced tional nce of F436
TurnaSurerecently traditionaprotrusionbetween tis also neeor oversizthe new pwasher, adesign incmoved futhe possihardened“TurnAnu
Objective
The objec
To de
To coharde
Approac
The follow
Engin
2011
Brown, y and Engineee LLC Maple Avenue, PA 19407
Test Results o
Brown:
to the Testy, and Turnonal and “Tuport provideson of specimformed by Mr
und
e sought thedeveloped Dal TurnaSure ns or the “buthe DTI and teded when thzed hole, a haproduct (“Turand the DTI wcorporates a urther from tbility of usin washer. In
ut” DTI in com
es
ctives of this s
termine the p
ompare the ened washers
h
wing approac
neering Res
ering
e, Suite 206
f TurnaSure D
ting Services aSure LLC ornAnut” Dires the detailsens, bolt tighr. Carl Bowma
services of Direct TensioDTI. With trumps” abuttihe nut, as thehe bolt or theardened flat wrnAnut”) incowith one piecelarger circulahe center. Thg “TurnAnutview of the
mparison with
study are:
performance
performances, a DTI and a
h was followe
earch Cent
DTI
Agreement of October 2ect Tension Ins of the teshtening, instruan, Instrumen
ATLSS Enginen Indicator raditional DTng the bolt oe protrusionse nut abuttingwasher is neerporates the e and enablinar extrusion ahis design im” DTI directlyabove, a tes traditional T
of “TurnAnut
e of “TurnAnnut.
ed for fulfillin
er
between AT28, 2010, wndicators (DTts and summumentation, dntation Mana
eering Resea(DTI) “TurnAI, a DTI is por the nut. As are not fullyg the DTI is neded under tDTI directly ung a more effat the abuttinmprovement cy for oversizst program wurnaSure DTI
t” DTI in slip c
nut” DTI wit
ng the objectiv
SougataSenior R Center ffor Larg117 ATLImbt LaBethleh(610) 75email: swww.at
TLSS Engineewe have comTI), and commarizes the data collectioager, and Mr.
arch Center, Anut” and colaced under A hardened fly covered by tnot hardened.the bolt headunder a hardeficient installang face, the pcompared to zed holes witwas devised I.
critical joints
th traditional
ves:
Prepared b
a Roy, Ph.D. Research Scientis
for Advanced Tege Structural SysLSS Drive boratories hem, PA 18015‐458‐5822 Fax ([email protected]
ering Researcmpleted testpared their findings. Allon, and other Roger Moye
Lehigh Univeompare its pthe bolt or lat washer is the nut. A har. In addition, d. In contrast ened nut, repation. Since tprotrusions onthe traditionthout the useto assess th
with over siz
l DTI that re
by: Dr. Sougat
st
echnology stems
4729 0) 758‐5902 u
ch Center, Lting of Turnperformance testing inclr support funcr, Technician
ersity for testperformance the nut, wit typically reqrdened flat wfor a short slto traditiona
placing the nuthe nut in then the DTI counal DTI introde of an addihe performan
zed holes;
equires two
ta Roy
Lehigh nasure e. This luding ctions .
ting a with th the quired washer lotted al DTI, ut, the e new uld be duced tional nce of
F436
1. Slip tenewein Appdeterovers
2. Prior newepreloa
3. The scomp
Verificat
Test Proce
Prior to th“TurnAnuthe DTIs. bolt headextensionbolts warecommefive gaps was recorof the DTI
Test Resu
The test rkip for thcorresponabout 5%DTI, howewith an av
Slip Tests
Descriptio
Each test using 7/8 other direensure thsquare sitassembly The speci
Engin
ests of ten (1r “TurnAnut”pendix A3 ofmining slip coized holes an
to the slip tr “TurnAnut”ad in the fully
slip test resupared to asses
ion of Bolt T
edure
he slip tests, ut” DTIs wereSince the hol and the testn rod. All bolts incrementndation for pbetween the rded when thI.
lts
results showehe 7/8 in dianding to threhigher than tever, produceverage of 43.
s
on of Specime
specimen coin diameter ection. The edat they weretting in the tof the platesmens were fa
neering Res
10) each of s” DTI, were cof the AISC Spoefficient of cd 7/8 in diame
ests, three e” DTIs were y tightened st
lts were anass their perfo
Tension
three each o tested in a Se in the testeter surface. Ats were lubrially inspecteproper tensioprotrusions o
he feeler gaug
ed that at refumeter A325 ee refusals wthe nominal yed higher bol9 kip that is a
ens
nsisted of thrbolts. The hodges of all plae in reasonabltest machine,s in the specabricated from
earch Cent
single bolt laonducted. Thpecification focoatings usedeter A325 bo
each of the btested in a tate as per th
lyzed and thrmance.
of the bolts teSkidmore‐Wier was not ovAll bolts were icated and thed by a 0.0oning of the bof the DTI. Thge was refuse
usal the pretebolts. Usingere 40 kip, 4yield load, ant loads correabout 13% hig
ree 4×4×5/8 inoles were driates were sawly full contact, the bottomcimen and thm steel havin
er
p joints, prele tests were or Structural d in bolted joilts.
bolts tensioneSkidmore‐Wie DTIs.
e slip loads
ensioned usinlhelm tester versized, no wtightened byhe tested bo005 in feelebolts was refhe bolt tensioed at a minim
ension in all bg the traditio40 kip and 42nd a coefficienesponding to gher than the
n thick plateslled 1½ in ±w‐cut, or as‐rot over the fay edges of thee general arrg minimum y
loaded using performed foJoints Using ints. The spec
ed using the ilhelm tester
for the two
ng the traditifor verificatio
washer was pry turning the lts were not er gauge (Fiusal of the feon as shown bmum three ga
bolts exceedeonal TurnaSu2.5 kip, with nt of variancethree refusale nominal yiel
with 1 in dia1/16 in from olled. The playing surface.e outer platerangement foyield strength
Prepared b
traditional Tollowing the ASTM A325 cimens were
traditional Tr to determin
series of tes
ional TurnaSuon of bolt terovided betwnuts with a sreused. Theigure 1). Theeler gauge aby the Skidmoaps in betwee
ed the nominure DTI, the an average e (COV) of 3.5ls: 44 kip, 44 ld load, but a
ameter holes,one edge, ante surfaces wAll surfaces wes were minior testing is sh of 36 ksi.
by: Dr. Sougat
TurnaSure DTmethod suggor A490 Bolprovided wit
TurnaSure anne the actua
st specimens
ure and the nnsion indicat
ween the DTI ospud range a tensioning ohe manufactat three out oore‐Wilhelm ten the protru
nal yield load load in the of 40.8 kip t53%. The Turnkip and 43.7 COV of 0.33%
clamped tognd centrally iwere flat enouwere as‐rollemally groundshown in Figu
2
ta Roy
TI and gested lts for th 1 in
nd the al bolt
were
newer ted by or the nd an of the urer’s of the tester usions
of 39 bolts hat is nAnut 75 kip, %.
gether in the ugh to d. For d. The ure 2.
The specemployinga series wnumberedwashers uprovided the oversthe bolt hof extra whex 7/8–9certificateAppendix
Specimen
All bolts wthe platesrestrained
Instrumen
Two Lineameasure touter plareferenceplate surfclamps th
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